EP0090646B1 - Verfahren zur Detergensstückherstellung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Detergensstückherstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090646B1
EP0090646B1 EP83301764A EP83301764A EP0090646B1 EP 0090646 B1 EP0090646 B1 EP 0090646B1 EP 83301764 A EP83301764 A EP 83301764A EP 83301764 A EP83301764 A EP 83301764A EP 0090646 B1 EP0090646 B1 EP 0090646B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavities
soap
process according
rotor
stator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83301764A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0090646A1 (de
Inventor
Terence Allan Clarke
Richard Barrie Edwards
Graeme Neil Irving
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever NV
Priority to AT83301764T priority Critical patent/ATE24334T1/de
Publication of EP0090646A1 publication Critical patent/EP0090646A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0090646B1 publication Critical patent/EP0090646B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
    • C11D13/10—Mixing; Kneading

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the processing of soap feedstocks to provide soap bars and other solid forms having reduced grittiness.
  • Soap bars and other solid forms are required to have a smooth feel to provide comfortable in-use properties.
  • some ingredients in soap material can lead to grittiness during washing.
  • a common feature of most soap processing lines is in the use at the final plodder stage of scrap soap from the stamped bars. Soap from this source will have a lower water content than the soap feed material and will thus be harder. The presence of the scrap soap can lead to grittiness in the bar. Grittiness may also develop when a superfatting agent is added to soap after the final dryer stage.
  • the present invention utilises processing conditions to reduce grittiness by subjecting the soap feedstock to considerable working in an efficient manner.
  • the present invention uses a device of the cavity transfer mixer class to work the soap base.
  • These devices comprise two closely spaced mutually displaceable surfaces each having a pattern of cavities which overlap during movement of the surfaces so that the material moved between the surfaces traces a path through cavities alternately in each surface so that the bulk of the material passes through the shear zone generated in the material by displacement of the surfaces.
  • Cavity transfer mixers are normally prepared with a cylindrical geometry and in the preferred devices for this process the cavities are arranged to give constantly available but changing pathways through the device during mutual movement of two surfaces.
  • the devices having a cylindrical geometry can comprise a stator within which is journalled a rotor; the opposing faces of the stator and rotor carry the cavities through which the material passes during its passage through the device.
  • the device may also have a planar geometry in which opposed plane surfaces having patterns of cavities would be moved mutually, for example by rotation of one plane, so that material introduced between the surfaces at the point of rotation would move outwards and travel alternately between cavities on each surface.
  • auxiliary equipment As the rotor is turned.
  • the auxiliary equipment are screw extruders and piston rams.
  • the auxiliary equipment is preferably operated separately from the mixer so that the throughput and work performed on it can be separately varied.
  • the separate operation may be achieved with the auxiliary equipment arranged to provide material for processing at an angle to the centre line of the shear producing device. This arrangement allows rotational energy to be supplied to the device around its centre line. An in-line arrangement is more easily achieved when the external member of the device is the rotor. Separate operation of the device and the auxiliary equipment assists in providing control of the processing.
  • GB-A-930 339) disclose longitudinal slots in the two surfaces.
  • the stator and rotor may carry slots, for example six to twelve, spaced around their periphery and extending along their whole length.
  • EP-A-0048590 describes a specific form of cavity transfer mixer and suggests its application in soap processing.
  • EP-A-0090644 (83301762.7) describes the processing of a superfatted soap formulation to improve the properties.
  • EP-A-0090645 (83301763.5) describes the processing of a physically soft soap feedstock to provide a hardened product.
  • EP-A-0090647 (83301765.0) describes the incorporation of a volatile component in a soap composition.
  • EP-A-0090649 (83301767.6) describes the manufacture of a transparent soap composition.
  • EP-A-0090649 (83301766.8) describes the aeration of a detergent formulation and
  • EP-A-0090650 (83301768.4) describes the control of phases in soap-containing compositions.
  • one or both surfaces are subjected to thermal control.
  • the process allows efficient heat- ing/cooling of the material to be achieved.
  • the temperature of the material during processing is below 40 C.
  • the processing temperature will usually be from about 30 C to about 55 C.
  • the soap feedstock may contain non-soap detergents in amounts which do not interfere with the desired effect.
  • these actives are alkane sulphonates, alcohol sulphates, alkyl benzene sulphonates, alkyl sulphates, acyl isethionates, olefin sulphonates and ethoxylated alcohols.
  • the processed feedstock was made into bar form using standard stamping machinery.
  • Other solid product forms e.g. extruded particles (noodles) and beads can be prepared from the feedstock.
  • a cavity transfer mixer is shown in Figure 1 in longitudinal section. This comprises a hollow cylindrical stator member 1, a cylindrical rotor member 2 journalled for rotation within the stator with a sliding fit, the facing cylindrical surfaces of the rotor and stator carrying respective pluralities of parallel, circumferentially extending rows of cavities which are disposed with:
  • the pattern of cavities carried on the stator 3 and rotor 4 are illustrated on Figure 3.
  • the cavities 3 on the stator are shown hatched.
  • the overlap between patterns of cavities 3, 4 is also shown in Figure 2.
  • a liquid jacket 1A is provided for the application of temperature control by the passage of heating or cooling water.
  • a temperature control conduit 2A is provided in the rotor.
  • the material passing through the device moves through the cavities alternately on the opposing faces of the stator and rotor.
  • the cavities immediately behind those shown in section are indicated by dotted profiles on Figure 1 to allow the repeating pattern to be seen.
  • the material flow is divided between pairs of adjacent cavities on the same rotor or stator face because of the overlapping position of the cavities on the opposite stator or rotor face.
  • the whole or bulk of the material flow is subjected to considerable working during its passage through the shear zone generated by the mutual displacement of the stator and rotor surfaces.
  • the material is entrained for a short period in each cavity during passage and thus one of its velocity components is altered.
  • the mixer had a rotor radius of 2.54 cm with 36 hemispherical cavities (radius 0.9 cm) arranged in six rows of six cavities.
  • the internal surface of the stator carried seven rows of six cavities to provide cavity overlap at the entry and exit.
  • the material to be worked was injected into the device through channel 5, which communicates with the annular space between the rotor and stator, during operation by a screw extruder. The material left the device through nozzle 6.
  • Figure 4 shows elongate cavities arranged in a square pattern; these cavities have the sectional profile of Figure 2. These cavities are aligned with their longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the device and the direction of movement of material through the device; the latter is indicated by the arrow.
  • Figure 5 shows a pattern of cavities having the dimensions and profile of those shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • the cavities of Figure 5 are arranged in a square pattern with each cavity being closely spaced from four adjacent cavities on the same surface. This pattern does not provide as high a degree of overlap as given by the pattern of Figure 3.
  • the latter has each cavity closely spaced to six cavities on the same surface, i.e. a hexagonal pattern.
  • Figure 6 is a section of a cavity transfer mixer having a rotor 7 rotatably positioned within the hollow stator 8 having an effective length of 10.7 cm and a diameter of 2.54 cm.
  • the rotor carried five parallel grooves 9 of semi-circular cross section (diameter 5 mm) equally spaced around the periphery and extending parallel to the longitudinal axis along the length of toe rotor.
  • the inner cylindrical surface of the stator 8 carried eight grooves 10 of similar dimensions extending along its length and parallel to the longitudinal axis. This embodiment, utilised cavities extending along the length of the stator and rotor without interruption.
  • a temperature control jacket and its conduit were present.
  • Figure 7 shows a pattern of cavities wherein the cavities on the rotor, shown hatched, and stator have a larger dimension normal to the material flow; the latter is indicated by an arrow.
  • the cavities are thus elongate.
  • This embodiment provides a lower pressure drop over its length compared with devices of similar geometry but not having cavities positioned with a longer dimension normal, i.e. perpendicular to the material flow. To obtain a reduction in pressure drop at least one of the surfaces must carry elongate cavities having their longer dimension normal to the material flow.
  • the cavity transfer mixer of Figure 8 had the external cylinder 11 journalled for rotation about the central shaft 12. Temperature control jacket 13 and conduit were present but the latter is not shown because the cavities on the central shaft are shown in plan view while the rotor is sectioned.
  • the central stator (diameter 52 mm) had three rows 14 of three cavities with partial, i.e. half cavities at the entry and exit points. On the rotor there were four rows 15 of three cavities.
  • the cavities on the stator and rotor were elongate with a total arc dimension of 5.1 cm normal to the material flow with hemispherical section ends of 1.2 cm radius joined by a semicircular sectioned panel of the same radius.
  • the cavities were arranged in the pattern of Figure 7, i.e. with their long dimension normal to material flow.
  • the rotor was driven by a chain drive to external toothed wheel 16.
  • the cavity transfer mixer illustrated in Figure 1 was used.
  • the mixer had a rotor radius of 2.54 cm with 36 hemispherical cavities (radius 0.9 cm) arranged in six rows of six cavities.
  • the internal surface of the stator carried seven rows of six cavities to provide cavity overlap at the entry and exit.
  • a tallow/coconut blend (80/20) was vacuum dried to 12% moisture. A portion was air dried at 70 C to a moisture content of 5%. A mixture of 2 parts of the 12% moisture material and 1 part of the 5% moisture material was prepared and divided. One half was subjected to treatment in the cavity transfer device with the aid of a soap plodder while the other half was processed by the conventional milling route.
  • the cavity transfer mixer was operated at 50 rpm in with a throughput of 156 g min- 1 and water cooling was applied to the stator and rotor.
  • Tablets were stamped from each of the treated feedstocks, and used in handwashing at ambient temperature.
  • the tablets subjected to conventional treatment were gritty to the feel while those treated according to the invention were not classified as gritty by the users.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zur Reduzierung der Rauheit in einem Seifeenthaltendem Detergens-Material in einem Stück oder einer anderen festen Form, worin ein geeignetes Seifeenthaltendes Ausgangsmaterial einer Bearbeitung unterworfen wird, wobei es zwischen zwei benachbart angeordneten wechselseitig versetzbaren Oberflächen hindurchgeführt wird, wobei jede ein Muster von Hohlräumen hat, die sich während der Bewegung der Oberflächen so überlappen, daß das zwischen den Oberflächen bewegte Material einem Weg durch die Hohlräume wechselseitig in jeder Oberfläche folgt, wodurch die Masse des Materials durch eine Scherzone, die in dem Material durch Versetzung der Oberflächen erzeugt wird, gelangt und das Material in Form von Stücken oder anderen festen Formen hergestellt wird.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, worin die zwei Oberflächen zylindrische Geometrie haben.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin Wärmeregelung auf mindestens eine Oberfläche angewandt wird.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Hohlräume in mindestens einer Oberfläche verlängert sind mit ihrer langen Ausdehnung senkrecht zu dem Fluß des Materials.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Temperatur des Seifeenthaltenden Materials während der Bearbeitung in dem Bereich von etwa 30°C bis etwa 55°C liegt.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, worin die Temperatur unter etwa 40°C liegt.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Rauheit von der Einarbeitung von Restseife eines niedrigeren Wassergehaltes oder der Zugabe eines überfettenden Mittels nach der Schlußtrocknung herrührt.
EP83301764A 1982-03-29 1983-03-29 Verfahren zur Detergensstückherstellung Expired EP0090646B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83301764T ATE24334T1 (de) 1982-03-29 1983-03-29 Verfahren zur detergensstueckherstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8209151 1982-03-29
GB8209151 1982-03-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090646A1 EP0090646A1 (de) 1983-10-05
EP0090646B1 true EP0090646B1 (de) 1986-12-17

Family

ID=10529359

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83301764A Expired EP0090646B1 (de) 1982-03-29 1983-03-29 Verfahren zur Detergensstückherstellung

Country Status (20)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0090646B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58208397A (de)
AR (1) AR241602A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE24334T1 (de)
AU (1) AU552396B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8301598A (de)
CA (1) CA1209435A (de)
DE (1) DE3368440D1 (de)
DK (1) DK138483A (de)
ES (1) ES521070A0 (de)
FI (1) FI69866C (de)
GB (1) GB2118056B (de)
GR (1) GR78500B (de)
IN (1) IN157135B (de)
MY (1) MY8700860A (de)
NO (1) NO831124L (de)
NZ (1) NZ203709A (de)
PH (1) PH22047A (de)
PT (1) PT76463B (de)
ZA (1) ZA832186B (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8425369D0 (en) * 1984-10-08 1984-11-14 Unilever Plc Refining triglyceride oil
GB8708829D0 (en) * 1987-04-13 1987-05-20 Unilever Plc Cleaning compositions
EP3139067B1 (de) 2015-09-04 2022-11-09 Desch Antriebstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Planetengetriebe

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2970116A (en) * 1957-07-16 1961-01-31 Lever Brothers Ltd Soapmaking process
EP0048590A1 (de) * 1980-09-23 1982-03-31 Rapra Technology Limited Mischer für Extruder

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB843849A (en) * 1957-11-22 1960-08-10 Ici Ltd Mixing apparatus
GB930339A (en) * 1961-05-01 1963-07-03 Metal Box Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to the extrusion of molten thermoplastic material
FR2136996B1 (de) * 1971-05-11 1973-05-11 Creusot Loire
DD124023A1 (de) * 1974-10-09 1977-02-02
DE2847457C2 (de) * 1978-11-02 1990-05-31 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkalisalzen der Fettsäuren in kontinuierlicher Arbeitsweise
GB2106407B (en) * 1981-09-28 1985-08-21 Sekiguchi Co Ltd Apparatus for emulsifying liquids

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2970116A (en) * 1957-07-16 1961-01-31 Lever Brothers Ltd Soapmaking process
EP0048590A1 (de) * 1980-09-23 1982-03-31 Rapra Technology Limited Mischer für Extruder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0090646A1 (de) 1983-10-05
PH22047A (en) 1988-05-13
CA1209435A (en) 1986-08-12
JPS6131757B2 (de) 1986-07-22
DE3368440D1 (en) 1987-01-29
IN157135B (de) 1986-01-25
FI830996L (fi) 1983-09-30
PT76463B (en) 1986-02-27
MY8700860A (en) 1987-12-31
DK138483D0 (da) 1983-03-25
ES8405067A1 (es) 1984-05-16
GB8308631D0 (en) 1983-05-05
NZ203709A (en) 1986-06-11
AU552396B2 (en) 1986-05-29
AU1286083A (en) 1983-10-06
FI69866C (fi) 1986-05-26
PT76463A (en) 1983-04-01
DK138483A (da) 1983-09-30
AR241602A1 (es) 1992-09-30
ES521070A0 (es) 1984-05-16
JPS58208397A (ja) 1983-12-05
NO831124L (no) 1983-09-30
GB2118056B (en) 1986-07-16
ATE24334T1 (de) 1987-01-15
GR78500B (de) 1984-09-27
GB2118056A (en) 1983-10-26
FI830996A0 (fi) 1983-03-24
FI69866B (fi) 1985-12-31
BR8301598A (pt) 1983-12-06
ZA832186B (en) 1984-11-28

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