EP0086694A1 - Top-blown lance for a metallurgical converter - Google Patents
Top-blown lance for a metallurgical converter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0086694A1 EP0086694A1 EP83400234A EP83400234A EP0086694A1 EP 0086694 A1 EP0086694 A1 EP 0086694A1 EP 83400234 A EP83400234 A EP 83400234A EP 83400234 A EP83400234 A EP 83400234A EP 0086694 A1 EP0086694 A1 EP 0086694A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lance
- orifices
- tube
- flow
- chamber
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/305—Afterburning
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas injection lance specially designed for metallurgical converters with oxygen blowing from above, by the fact that it makes it possible to produce two concentric gas flows under different generating pressures.
- Lances are commonly used in metallurgical converters which make it possible to inject oxygen onto the surface of a liquid metal to be refined, such as cast iron or steel. It is known that it is often advantageous, in this kind of operation, to complete the refining reaction of the molten metal by a secondary combustion of the gases which are released from the metal bath, this secondary combustion requiring a pressure which generates oxygen. lower and an annular distribution of the injection around the, or, more generally, the central primary jets with strong impulse ensuring the conversion of the bath. So-called "double flow" lances are used for this, supplied by two separate oxygen circuits at different generating pressures from outside the converter. But we know that it is not always easy to implement such lances with double flow, with two separate feeds and difficulties may arise with regard to the individual controls of each flow.
- the present invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks thanks to a lance - specially designed to produce the two different generating pressures from a single feed stream of the lance.
- the lance according to the invention also has the advantage of being able to be easily mounted on existing installations using single-flow lances, often even by replacing only the nose of the lance, that is to say the extreme part. the closest, to the liquid metal bath and from which the gas flows come out.
- the lance according to the invention is characterized in that it essentially comprises an internal chamber for admitting a main gas flow to a first series of blowing orifices, and inside said chamber, means for forming of a secondary gas flow by taking a fraction of the main flow, then setting the sonic flow speed followed by expansion of this fraction and means of supplying this secondary flow to a second series of orifices of blowing, in annular arrangement around the first series.
- the means for forming the secondary flow can advantageously consist of necks with a sonic flow speed. open in the inlet chamber of the main flow, each at the entrance to an individual expansion tank supplying the injection ports of the second series.
- This solution where the secondary flow is sampled separately for each of the individual orifices to which it is supplied is most often preferable.
- a common collector distributing the secondary flow thus withdrawn and expanded towards the various injection orifices, or outlet orifices.
- the lance according to the invention is particularly suitable for being mounted on a metallurgical converter with top-refining oxygen blowing (type LD), so as to allow the injection of oxygen in the direction of the surface of a metal bath during refining.
- the lance can then include all of the ancillary equipment known in this type of application, for example means for cooling by circulation of water in a jacket surrounding the wall of the inlet chamber of the main gas flow.
- the secondary blowing orifices are advantageously oriented, as in conventional double-flow lances, at an inclination, relative to the axis, greater than for the main flow injection orifices. This arrangement, combined with the reduced speed of the secondary flow, ensures the best secondary combustion in a converter, because this secondary flow occupies a conical annular space which widens and widens around the central cone formed by the main flow.
- the lance according to the invention comprises means for adjusting the sampling of secondary flow in the internal chamber of the lance which may advantageously be constituted by means of adjusting the pass section of the necks through which this sampling is carried out at sonic flow speed.
- the more or less great restriction of the passage section has an effect on the quantity of gas withdrawn and therefore on the generating oression obtained, after the expansion waves, at the outlet orifices of the series corresponding to the secondary flow.
- the adjustment can be made by the end of the lance opposite that of the nose which has the outlet orifices.
- Any device known per se can be used to modify the internal section of the necks according to the needs of this adjustment.
- the section of the necks is chosen to be strictly less than the section of the outlet openings of the secondary flow, which is sufficient to ensure a sonic speed of the flow in the necks under the pressure conditions usually prevailing in the internal chamber. of the lance (the pressure there always being greater than 10 bars, while the lower pressure limit not to be exceeded is close to 2 bars).
- FIG 1 there is shown a converter 1 containing a liquid metal 2 being refined.
- the refining reaction is carried out by blowing oxygen onto the surface of the metal.
- the converter is equipped for this with a lance 3, arranged vertically in the axis of the converter.
- the lance 3 is essentially constituted by a tubular wall 4, closed at the lower end by a nose through which are pierced the blowing orifices designated under the general reference 6.
- FIG. 1 therefore shows the two coaxial walls E and 9 which surround the lance, as well as connections 10 and 11 for the inlet and outlet of the cooling water respectively.
- Figures 1 and 5 show how are distributed and arranged the orifices 6 through which the oxygen brought under pressure into the lance leaves at the lower end thereof.
- Figure 2 shows more precisely how these holes are made. It is in fact blowing pipes (12, 13) open at their two ends and passing through the wall of the lance and its double jacket of water circulation. They are divided into two concentric series or crowns. All are inclined with respect to the axis of the lance, deviating from this axis from the inside towards the outside of the lance.
- a primary blowing cone 14, or main in the axis of the lance is formed in operation, at the outlet of the orifices 47 of the pipes 12 of the internal series, while the pipes 13 of the series external ensure, through their orifices 48, a secondary oxygen blowing 15 which widens annularly around the main cone 14.
- the nose of the lance is produced as shown in FIG. 2. It shows an internal chamber 16 delimited by the tubular wall 4, which is completed by an end piece 17 which constitutes its bottom.
- the seal between the wall 4 itself and the bottom 17 is produced by a fitting assembly with interposition of seals 18 to compensate for the effects of differential expansion with the rest of the lance body.
- two coaxial skirts 20 and 21 which are connected to the tubular casings 8 and 9 respectively of the double cooling jacket.
- the external skirt 21 is welded to the end of the external envelope 9.
- the intermediate skirt 20 fits freely in the end of the envelope 8, intermediate between the wall 4 and the outer casing 9. Its bottom 23 only consists of radial lugs which pass around the tubes 12 and 13 and leave an opening 24 in the axis of the lance. The circulation of the cooling water is thus ensured as illustrated by the arrows in FIG. 2, the water descending along the tubular wall 4 and rising in the annular space between the intermediate casing 8 and the outer casing 9.
- the tubes of the internal crown are of diameter wider than the tubes of the outer ring and that they are slightly conical, while the tubes of the outer ring are cylindrical.
- these details which are advantageous in the particular case represented, are in general by no means imperative.
- expansion pots 26 In the internal chamber 16 receiving the oxygen under pressure are arranged expansion pots 26, in a number equal to that of the blowing tubes 13 of the outer ring.
- Each pot 26 forms an elongated vertical cylindrical enclosure which conducts oxygen taken from the chamber 16 individually to one of the outlet orifices 48 of the blowing pipes 13 of the external crown. Its lower end is connected to a bent extension 28 of the corresponding pipes 13, inside the chamber 16. In the particular case shown, this end consists of an end piece 27 welded to the pot 26 and screwed onto a socket 30 it - even welded to the end of the extension 28.
- the internal section of the pipes 13 is smaller than that of the pots 26, which leads to having the connector ends 27 with a profile converging in the direction of blowing for setting gas velocity in the pipes 13.
- the pot 26 opens in the chamber 16 by a neck of reduced section 29.
- This neck is formed with a converging entry in a nozzle 31 attached to the end of the cylindrical chamber of the pot 26. Its section is lower than that of the corresponding outlet orifice 48.
- the expansion pot can add to the expansion pot an adjustment system making it possible to vary the passage section of the necks 29, and therefore to adjust the gas flow they take, which leads to change the pressure generating the secondary flow at the outlet of the expansion pots.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a possibility of making such a system.
- a blowing tube 13 with its internal extension 28, the corresponding cylindrical expansion pot 26, terminated by the neck 29.
- the passage section of the neck 29 can be partially closed off with a needle 33 which can be moved above this neck, parallel to its axis .
- the displacement of the needle 33 is ensured by a jack 34 mounted on a support 35 fixed on the upper end of the pot 26. It was assumed here that the jack was hydraulically or pneumatically operated (using of a fluid, such as water or a compressed gas inert with respect to oxygen), provided from outside the lance.
- a fluid such as water or a compressed gas inert with respect to oxygen
- An inlet pipe 36 and a return pipe 37 for this fluid are arranged vertically in the axis of the lance and connected respectively to two O-ring collectors 38 and 39, common to the different expansion pots and which are connected by flexible pipes various cylinders.
- the conduit 7 which supplies oxygen to the upper end of the lance (FIG. 1), has a vertical passage 40, in the axis of the lance, provided with sealing means not shown.
- FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of a lance according to the invention, which differs from that of FIG. 3 by the means which make it possible to adjust the cross-section for the passage of the necks at the entry into each trigger pot 26.
- the neck itself is defined by a flexible deformable membrane 42, mounted in leaktight manner between the upper end of the pot 26 and a rigid annular ring 43.
- An annular chamber 44 is formed around the flexible membrane 42 by an enclosure 45 fixed in a sealed manner, on the one hand on the upper end of the pot 26, on the other hand on the ring 43.
- a pipe 46 makes it possible to admit into this chamber a control fluid under an adjustable pressure from the outside of the spear. According to this pressure, the membrane 42 is more or less deformed and swollen towards the axis of the neck where the oxygen circulates, which gives the latter a more or less narrowed passage section.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet une lance d'injection de gaz spécialement conçue pour les convertisseurs métallurgiques à soufflaqe d'oxygtne par le haut, par le fait qu'elle permet de produire deux flux gazeux concentriques sous des pressions génératrices différentes.The present invention relates to a gas injection lance specially designed for metallurgical converters with oxygen blowing from above, by the fact that it makes it possible to produce two concentric gas flows under different generating pressures.
On utilise couramment dans les convertisseurs métallurgiques des lances qui permettent d'injecter de l'oxygène à la surface d'un métal liquide à affiner, tel que la fonte ou l'acier. On sait qu'il est souvent avantageux, dans ce genre d'opérations, de compléter la réaction d'affinage du métal en fusion par une combustion secondaire des gaz qui se dégagent du bain métallique, cette combustion secondaire demandant une pression génératrice d'oxygène plus faible et une répartition annulaire de l'injection autour du, ou, plus généralement, des jets primaires centraux à forte impulsion assurant la conversion du bain. On utilise pour cela des lances dites à "double flux", alimentées par deux circuits d'oxygène distincts à des pressions génératrices différentes depuis l'extérieur du convertisseur. Mais on sait qu'il n'est pas toujours aisé de mettre en oeuvre de telles lances à double flux, à deux alimentations séparées et des difficultés peuvent se poser en ce qui concerne les contrôles individuels de chaque flux.Lances are commonly used in metallurgical converters which make it possible to inject oxygen onto the surface of a liquid metal to be refined, such as cast iron or steel. It is known that it is often advantageous, in this kind of operation, to complete the refining reaction of the molten metal by a secondary combustion of the gases which are released from the metal bath, this secondary combustion requiring a pressure which generates oxygen. lower and an annular distribution of the injection around the, or, more generally, the central primary jets with strong impulse ensuring the conversion of the bath. So-called "double flow" lances are used for this, supplied by two separate oxygen circuits at different generating pressures from outside the converter. But we know that it is not always easy to implement such lances with double flow, with two separate feeds and difficulties may arise with regard to the individual controls of each flow.
La présente invention permet d'éviter ces inconvénients grâce à une lance - spécialement conçue pour produire les deux pressions génératrices différentes à partir d'un flux d'alimentation unique de la lance. La lance selon l'invention a en outre l'avantage de pouvoir se monter aisément sur des installations existantes utilisant des lances à simple flux, souvent même par substitution du seul nez de la lance, c'est-à-dire de la partie extrême la plus proche, du bain de métal liquide et d'où sortent les flux gazeux.The present invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks thanks to a lance - specially designed to produce the two different generating pressures from a single feed stream of the lance. The lance according to the invention also has the advantage of being able to be easily mounted on existing installations using single-flow lances, often even by replacing only the nose of the lance, that is to say the extreme part. the closest, to the liquid metal bath and from which the gas flows come out.
La lance selon l'invention se caractérise en ce qu'elle comporte essentiellement une chambre interne d'admission d'un flux gazeux principal à une première série d'orifices de soufflage, et à l'intérieur de ladite chambre, des moyens de formation d'un flux gazeux secondaire par prélèvement d'une fraction du flux principal, puis mise à vitesse d'écoulement sonique suivie d'une détente de cette fraction et des moyens d'amenée de ce flux secondaire à une seconde série d'orifices de soufflage, en disposition annulaire autour de la première série.The lance according to the invention is characterized in that it essentially comprises an internal chamber for admitting a main gas flow to a first series of blowing orifices, and inside said chamber, means for forming of a secondary gas flow by taking a fraction of the main flow, then setting the sonic flow speed followed by expansion of this fraction and means of supplying this secondary flow to a second series of orifices of blowing, in annular arrangement around the first series.
Les moyens de formation du flux secondaire peuvent être avantageusement constitués par des cols à vitesse d'écoulement sonique ouverts dans la chambre d'admission du flux principal, chacun à l'entrée d'un pot de détente individuel alimentant les orifices d'injection de la seconoe série. Cette solution où le flux secondaire est prélevé séparément pour chacun des orifices individuels auquel il est afneré est le plus souvent préférable. Mais dans certains cas, on peut aussi prévoir en variante, pour un ou plusieurs cols suivis de chambres de détente, un collecteur commun répartissant le flux secondaire ainsi prélevé et détendu vers les différents orifices d'injection, ou orifices de sortie.The means for forming the secondary flow can advantageously consist of necks with a sonic flow speed. open in the inlet chamber of the main flow, each at the entrance to an individual expansion tank supplying the injection ports of the second series. This solution where the secondary flow is sampled separately for each of the individual orifices to which it is supplied is most often preferable. However, in certain cases, it is also possible, as a variant, for one or more necks followed by expansion chambers, a common collector distributing the secondary flow thus withdrawn and expanded towards the various injection orifices, or outlet orifices.
La lance selon l'invention convient particulièrement bien pour être montée sur un convertisseur métallurgique à soufflage d'oxygène d'affinage par le haut (type LD), de manière à permettre l'injection d'oxygène en direction de la surface d'un bain de métal en cours d'affinage. La lance peut alors comporter tous les équipements annexes connus dans ce genre d'application, par exemple des moyens de refroidissement par circulation d'eau dans une chemise entourant la paroi de la chambre d'admission du flux gazeux principal. D'autre part, les orifices de soufflage secondaire, sont avantageusement orientés, comme dans les lances à double flux classiques, selon une inclinaison, par rapport à l'axe, plus forte que pour les orifices d'injection de flux principal. Cette disposition, alliée à la vitesse réduite du flux secondaire, assure la meilleure combustion secondaire dans un convertisseur, du fait que ce flux secondaire occupe un espace annulaire conique qui s'évase et s'élargit autour du cône central formé par le flux principal.The lance according to the invention is particularly suitable for being mounted on a metallurgical converter with top-refining oxygen blowing (type LD), so as to allow the injection of oxygen in the direction of the surface of a metal bath during refining. The lance can then include all of the ancillary equipment known in this type of application, for example means for cooling by circulation of water in a jacket surrounding the wall of the inlet chamber of the main gas flow. On the other hand, the secondary blowing orifices are advantageously oriented, as in conventional double-flow lances, at an inclination, relative to the axis, greater than for the main flow injection orifices. This arrangement, combined with the reduced speed of the secondary flow, ensures the best secondary combustion in a converter, because this secondary flow occupies a conical annular space which widens and widens around the central cone formed by the main flow.
Pour rapprocher encore le fonctionnement de la lance selon l'invention de celui d'une lance à double flux d'oxygène classique à deux alimentations séparées, il peut être utile de prévoir une possibilité de réglage du débit gazeux à travers les orifices de la seconde série, correspondant au flux secondaire. A cet effet, dans un mode de réalisation préféré de la lance selon l'invention, celle-ci comporte des moyens de réglage du prélèvement de flux secondaire dans la chambre interne de la lance qui peuvent avantageusement être constitués par des moyens de réglaqe de la section de passage des cols à travers lesquels s'effectue ce prélèvement à vitesse d'écoulement sonique. La restriction plus ou moins grande de la section de passage a une incidence sur la quantité de gaz prélevée et donc sur la oression génératrice obtenue, après les ondes de détente, au niveau des orifices de sortie de la série correspondante au flux secondaire. Pour des raisons de commodité évidentes, il est souhaitable que le réglage puisse s'effectuer par l'extrémité de la lance opposée à celle du nez qui comporte les orifices de sortie. Tout dispositif connu en soi peut être utilisé pour modifier la section interne des cols suivant les besoins de ce réglage. Dans tous les cas, la section des cols est choisie strictement inférieure à la section des orifices de sortie du flux secondaire, ce qui suffit à assurer une vitesse sonique de l'écoulement dans les cols dans les conditions de pression régnant habituellement dans la chambre interne de la lance (la pression y étant toujours en pratique supérieure à 10 bars, alors que la limite inférieure en pression à ne pas dépasser est voisine de 2 bars).To bring the operation of the lance according to the invention even closer to that of a conventional dual-flow oxygen lance with two separate supplies, it may be useful to provide a possibility of adjusting the gas flow rate through the orifices of the second series, corresponding to the secondary flow. To this end, in a preferred embodiment of the lance according to the invention, the latter comprises means for adjusting the sampling of secondary flow in the internal chamber of the lance which may advantageously be constituted by means of adjusting the pass section of the necks through which this sampling is carried out at sonic flow speed. The more or less great restriction of the passage section has an effect on the quantity of gas withdrawn and therefore on the generating oression obtained, after the expansion waves, at the outlet orifices of the series corresponding to the secondary flow. For obvious convenience, it is desirable that the adjustment can be made by the end of the lance opposite that of the nose which has the outlet orifices. Any device known per se can be used to modify the internal section of the necks according to the needs of this adjustment. In all cases, the section of the necks is chosen to be strictly less than the section of the outlet openings of the secondary flow, which is sufficient to ensure a sonic speed of the flow in the necks under the pressure conditions usually prevailing in the internal chamber. of the lance (the pressure there always being greater than 10 bars, while the lower pressure limit not to be exceeded is close to 2 bars).
L'invention sera maintenant plus complètement décrite en se référant à des modes de réalisation particuliers, nullement limitatifs, de la lance selon l'invention. Leur description est illustrée par les figures des dessins qui l'accompagnent, dans lesquels :
- La figure 1 est une vue schématique d'une lance selon l'invention, montée dans un convertisseur métallurgique ;
- La figure 2 représente, en coupe longitudinale 5 le nez d'une lance selon l'invention ;
- La figure 3 représente de même un détail d'une telle lance dans une variante de réalisation ;
- La figure 4 illustre schématiquement un autre mode de réalisation en variante de celui de la figure 3 et ;
- La figure 5 illustre schématiquement la répartition des orifices d'injection dans une vue de l'extrémité de la lance.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a lance according to the invention, mounted in a metallurgical converter;
- 2 shows, in longitudinal section 5 the nose of a lance according to the invention;
- Figure 3 also shows a detail of such a lance in an alternative embodiment;
- Figure 4 schematically illustrates another embodiment as an alternative to that of Figure 3 and;
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the distribution of the injection orifices in a view of the end of the lance.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté un convertisseur 1 contenant un métal liquide 2 en cours d'affinage. La réaction d'affinage est assurée par un soufflage d'oxygène sur la surface du métal. Le convertisseur est équipé pour cela d'une lance 3, disposée verticalement dans l'axe du convertisseur.In Figure 1, there is shown a converter 1 containing a
La lance 3 est essentiellement constituée par une paroi tubulaire 4, fermée à l'extrémité inférieure par un nez à travers lequel sont percés les orifices de soufflage désignés sous la référence générale 6.The lance 3 is essentially constituted by a tubular wall 4, closed at the lower end by a nose through which are pierced the blowing orifices designated under the
A l'extrémité supérieure de la lance, J'intérieur de la paroi tubulaire 4 est raccordé à une conduite 7 qui en assure l'alimentation en oxygène sous pression à partir d'une source extérieure. Pendant son fonctionnement, la lance est refroidie en permanence grâce à une circulation d'eau qui s'effectue dans une double chemise enveloppant la paroi 4. On a donc représenté sur la figure 1 les deux parois coaxiales E et 9 qui enveloppent la lance, ainsi que les piquages 10 et 11 pour l'entrée et la sortie de l'eau de refroidissement respectivement.At the upper end of the lance, the interior of the tubular wall 4 is connected to a pipe 7 which supplies it with pressurized oxygen from an external source. During its operation, the lance is continuously cooled thanks to a circulation of water which takes place in a double jacket enveloping the wall 4. FIG. 1 therefore shows the two coaxial walls E and 9 which surround the lance, as well as
Les figures 1 et 5 montrent comment sont répartis et disposés les orifices 6 par lesquels l'oxygène amené sous pression dans la lance sort à l'extrémité inférieure de celle-ci. La figure 2 montre avec plus de précision comment sont constitués ces orifices. Il s'agit en fait de tubulures de soufflage (12, 13) ouvertes à leurs deux extrémités et traversant la paroi de la lance et sa double chemise de circulation d'eau. Elles sont réparties en deux séries ou couronnes concentriques. Toutes sont inclinées par rapport à l'axe de la lance, en s'écartant de cet axe de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur de la lance. Grâce à cette disposition, on forme, en fonctionnement, un cône de soufflage primaire 14, ou principal dans l'axe de la lance, à la sortie des orifices 47 des tubulures 12 de la série interne, tandis que les tubulures 13 de la série externe assurent, par leurs orifices 48 un soufflage d'oxygène secondaire 15 s'évasant annulairement autour du cône principal 14.Figures 1 and 5 show how are distributed and arranged the
L'efficacité de ce fonctionnement demande en outre que l'oxygène soit admis sous une pression génératrice plus faible aux tubulures 13 de la couronne extérieure qu'aux tubulures 12 de la couronne intérieure. A cet effet, le nez de la lance est réalisé comme le montre la figure 2. On y voit une chambre interne 16 délimitée par la paroi tubulaire 4, laquelle est complétée par une pièce d'extrémité 17 qui constitue son fond. L'étanchéité entre la paroi 4 elle-même et le fond 17 est réalisée par un montage par emboîtement avec interposition de joints 18 pour assurer une compensation des effets de dilatation différentielle avec le reste du corps de lance. On voit aussi, autour de la pièce d'extrémité 17, deux jupes coaxiales 20 et 21 qui se raccordent aux enveloppes tubulaires 8 et 9 respectivement de la double chemise de refroidissement. La jupe externe 21 est soudée à l'extrémité de l'enveloppe externe 9. Son fond 22 est fermé et seulement traversé par les tubulures de soufflage 12 et 13. La jupe intermédiaire 20 s'encastre librement dans l'extrémité de l'enveloppe 8, intermédiaire entre la paroi 4 et l'enveloppe extérieure 9. Son fond 23 est seulement constitué de pattes radiales qui passent autour des tubes 12 et 13 et laissent une ouverture 24 dans l'axe de la lance. La circulation de l'eau de refroidissement est ainsi assurée comme l'illustrent les flèches de la figure 2, l'eau descendant le long de la paroi tubulaire 4 et remontant dans l'espace annulaire compris entre l'enveloppe intermédiaire 8 et l'enveloppe extérieure 9.The efficiency of this operation also requires that oxygen be admitted under a lower generating pressure to the
Parmi d'autres détails de réalisation qui ressortent de la figure 2, on remarquera que les tubes de la couronne interne sont de diamètre plus large que les tubes de la couronne externe et qu'ils sont légèrement coniques, alors que les tubes de la couronne externe sont cylindriques. Mais ces détails, avantageux dans le cas particulier représenté, ne sont en général nullement impératifs.Among other construction details which emerge from FIG. 2, it will be noted that the tubes of the internal crown are of diameter wider than the tubes of the outer ring and that they are slightly conical, while the tubes of the outer ring are cylindrical. However, these details, which are advantageous in the particular case represented, are in general by no means imperative.
Dans la chambre interne 16 recevant l'oxygène sous pression sont disposés des pots de détente 26, en nombre égal à celui des tubes de soufflage 13 de la couronne extérieure. Chaque pot 26 forme une enceinte cylindrique verticale allongée qui conduit de l'oxygène prélevé de la chambre 16 individuellement jusqu'à l'un des orifices de sortie 48 des tubulures de soufflage 13 de la couronne externe. Son extrémité inférieure est raccordée à un prolongement coudé 28 des tubulures 13 correspondant, à l'intérieur de la chambre 16. Dans le cas particulier représenté, cette extrémité est constituée par un embout 27 soudé sur le pot 26 et vissé sur une douille 30 elle-même soudée à l'extrémité du prolongement 28. On remarque que la section intérieure des tubulures 13 est inférieure à celle des pots 26, ce qui conduit à disposer des embouts de raccord 27 à profil convergent dans le sens du soufflage pour une mise en vitesse du gaz dans les tubulures 13.In the
A son extrémité supérieure le pot 26 s'ouvre dans la chambre 16 par un col de section réduite 29. Ce col est ménagé avec une entrée convergente dans un embout 31 rapporté à l'extrémité de la chambre cylindrique du pot 26. Sa section est plus faible que celle de l'orifice de sortie 48 correspondant.At its upper end the
On comprend que grâce à cette disposition, lorsque l'oxygène est introduit dans la chambre 16 sous une pression qui est en général de l'ordre de 10 à 15 bars, le flux principal se forme directement sous cette pression au niveau des tubes de soufflage 12 de la couronne interne, tandis qu'une fraction de ce flux principal se trouve prélevée par les cols 29. La circulation est sonique à travers ces cols et l'oxygène prélevé se détend dans les pots 26 avant de parvenir aux tubes de soufflage 13 de la couronne externe.It is understood that thanks to this arrangement, when the oxygen is introduced into the
Si l'on souhaite pouvoir intervenir en plus sur le débit d'oxygène prélevé pour constituer le flux secondaire, on peut adjoindre au pot de détente un système de réglage permettant de faire varier la section de passage des cols 29, et donc de régler de débit gazeux qu'ils prélèvent, ce qui conduit à modifier la pression génératrice du flux secondaire à la sortie des pots de détente.If one wishes to be able to intervene in addition to the oxygen flow rate taken to constitute the secondary flow, one can add to the expansion pot an adjustment system making it possible to vary the passage section of the
La figure 3 illustre une possibilité de réalisation d'un tel système. On y a schématiquement représenté un tube de soufflage 13, avec son prolongement interne 28, le pot de détente cylindrique correspondant 26, terminé par le col 29. La section de passage du col 29 peut être partiellement obturée grâce à un pointeau 33 qui peut être déplacé au-dessus de ce col, parallèlement à son axe. Dans le cas particulier représenté, le déplacement du pointeau 33 est assuré par un vérin 34 monté sur un support 35 fixé sur l'extrémité supérieure du pot 26. On a supposé ici que le vérin était à commande hydraulique ou pneumatique (à l'aide d'un fluide, tel que de l'eau ou un gaz comprimé inerte vis-à-vis de l'oxygène), assurée depuis l'extérieur de la lance. Une conduite d'arrivée 36 et une conduite de retour 37 de ce fluide sont disposées verticalement dans l'axe de la lance et raccordées respectivement à deux collecteurs toriques 38 et 39, communs aux différents pots de détente et qui sont reliés par des conduites souples aux divers vérins. Mais naturellement, on pourrait tout aussi bien, pour déplacer les pointeaux 33 de manière réglable, utiliser d'autres moyens de commande, par exemple des vérins mécaniques. Pour le passage des conduites 36 et 37, ou de tout autre tube ou tige de commande du déplacement des pointeaux, la conduite 7 qui assure l'alimentation en oxygène à l'extrémité supérieure de la lance (figure 1), comporte un passage vertical 40, dans l'axe de la lance, pourvu de moyens d'étanchéité non représentés.FIG. 3 illustrates a possibility of making such a system. There is schematically shown a blowing
La figure 4 illustre un autre mode de réalisation d'une lance selon l'invention, qui diffère de celui de la figure 3 par les moyens qui permettent de régler la section de passage des cols à l'entrée dans chaque pot de détente 26. Dans ce cas, le col lui-même est défini par une membrane flexible déformable 42, montée de manière étanche entre l'extrémité supérieure du pot 26 et une bague annulaire rigide 43. Une chambre annulaire 44 est formée autour de la membrane flexible 42 par une enceinte 45 fixée de manière étanche, d'une part sur l'extrémité supérieure du pot 26, d'autre part sur la bague 43. Une conduite 46 permet d'admettre dans cette chambre un fluide de commande sous une pression réglable depuis l'extérieur de la lance. Suivant cette pression, la membrane 42 se trouve plus ou moins déformée et qonflée vers l'axe du col où circule l'oxygène, ce qui donne à ce dernier une section de passage plus ou moins rétrécie.FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of a lance according to the invention, which differs from that of FIG. 3 by the means which make it possible to adjust the cross-section for the passage of the necks at the entry into each
Naturellement, les variantes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrites ne sont nullement limitatives de l'invention, mais leur description fait clairement ressortir comment les moyens prévus permettent de faire chuter la pression génératrice au niveau des orifices d'injection du flux secondaire par montée en réqime supersonique dans les cols 26, puis passage de ce régime supersonique à un écoulement subsonique au travers d'ondes de détente dans des pots 29 suffisamment longs.Naturally, the variant embodiments which have just been described are in no way limitative of the invention, but their description clearly shows how the means provided make it possible to drop the generating pressure at the injection orifices of the secondary flow by ascent. in supersonic reqime in the
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83400234T ATE27003T1 (en) | 1982-02-10 | 1983-02-04 | INFLATABLE INJECTION LANCE FOR A METALLURGICAL CONVERTER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8202173A FR2521167B1 (en) | 1982-02-10 | 1982-02-10 | GAS INJECTION LANCE FOR METALLURGICAL CONVERTER |
FR8202173 | 1982-02-10 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0086694A1 true EP0086694A1 (en) | 1983-08-24 |
EP0086694B1 EP0086694B1 (en) | 1987-05-06 |
Family
ID=9270861
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83400234A Expired EP0086694B1 (en) | 1982-02-10 | 1983-02-04 | Top-blown lance for a metallurgical converter |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4432534A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0086694B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS58147510A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE27003T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8300661A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1194302A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3371367D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES519658A0 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2521167B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0195897A2 (en) * | 1985-03-19 | 1986-10-01 | Klöckner Cra Patent Gmbh | Water-cooled lance for blowing oxygen onto a metal bath |
EP0234389A2 (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-09-02 | Arbed S.A. | Tuyere for refining lances |
KR101290639B1 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2013-07-30 | 타타 스틸 리미티드 | An improved lance for ld steelmaking |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4902484A (en) * | 1985-07-18 | 1990-02-20 | John Zink Company | Oxygen injector means for secondary reformer |
US5297390A (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1994-03-29 | Solar Turbines Incorporated | Fuel injection nozzle having tip cooling |
US5377960A (en) * | 1993-03-01 | 1995-01-03 | Berry Metal Company | Oxygen/carbon blowing lance assembly |
US5370309A (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1994-12-06 | A. H. Tallman Bronze Company Limited | Liquid cooled nozzle |
BE1009743A3 (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-07-01 | Thomas Jacques | Tuyere blowing oxygen steel. |
US6217824B1 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 2001-04-17 | Berry Metal Company | Combined forged and cast lance tip assembly |
FR2797738A1 (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2001-02-23 | Air Liquide | Electric arc furnace supersonic gas injection process, especially for oxygen injection into a steel-making arc furnace, uses a surrounding gas jet to protect the supersonic gas jet against the ambient atmosphere |
BE1013686A3 (en) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-06-04 | Thomas Jacques | Blowing nose spear. |
MX341804B (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2016-09-05 | Berry Metal Co | Metal making lance tip assembly. |
AT506984B1 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2010-06-15 | Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh | OXYGEN BLASLANT WITH PROTECTIVE ELEMENT |
WO2017178608A1 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-19 | Soudobeam Sa | Blowing lance nozzle |
BE1023582B1 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2017-05-09 | Soudobeam Sa | NOSE OF BLOWING LANCE |
BE1023609B1 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2017-05-16 | Soudobeam Sa | Blowing spear nose |
CN114196798B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-03-28 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Single-channel secondary combustion oxygen lance and use method thereof |
Citations (6)
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DE845643C (en) * | 1949-09-21 | 1952-08-04 | Oesterr Alpine Montan | Apparatus and method for blowing gases against the surface of molten metal |
FR1346214A (en) * | 1963-02-02 | 1963-12-13 | Demag Ag | Lance for blowing oxygen especially in steel refining furnaces or converters |
US3411716A (en) * | 1966-05-11 | 1968-11-19 | United States Steel Corp | Oxygen lance for steelmaking furnaces |
DE1408783A1 (en) * | 1960-09-12 | 1969-02-06 | Arbed | Method and device for blowing overhead wind in a metal bath |
FR2104366A5 (en) * | 1970-08-17 | 1972-04-14 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | |
EP0055956A1 (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-07-14 | INSTITUT DE RECHERCHES DE LA SIDERURGIE FRANCAISE (IRSID) France | Blowing lance for injecting an oxidising gas, especially oxygen, for treating metal melts |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3141763A (en) * | 1961-08-29 | 1964-07-21 | Italsider Spa | Process and device for the intensive use of oxygen in open-hearth furnaces for producing steel |
BE648779A (en) * | 1963-10-23 | 1964-10-01 | ||
GB1446612A (en) * | 1973-03-09 | 1976-08-18 | British Steel Corp | Oxygen lances |
LU78906A1 (en) * | 1978-01-19 | 1979-09-06 | Arbed | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REFINING A METAL BATH |
SU840119A1 (en) * | 1979-09-25 | 1981-06-23 | Институт черной металлургии | Tuyere of blast furnace |
-
1982
- 1982-02-10 FR FR8202173A patent/FR2521167B1/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-02-04 EP EP83400234A patent/EP0086694B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-04 AT AT83400234T patent/ATE27003T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-02-04 DE DE8383400234T patent/DE3371367D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-08 CA CA000421120A patent/CA1194302A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-09 BR BR8300661A patent/BR8300661A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-02-09 ES ES519658A patent/ES519658A0/en active Granted
- 1983-02-10 JP JP58021392A patent/JPS58147510A/en active Granted
- 1983-02-10 US US06/465,559 patent/US4432534A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE845643C (en) * | 1949-09-21 | 1952-08-04 | Oesterr Alpine Montan | Apparatus and method for blowing gases against the surface of molten metal |
DE1408783A1 (en) * | 1960-09-12 | 1969-02-06 | Arbed | Method and device for blowing overhead wind in a metal bath |
FR1346214A (en) * | 1963-02-02 | 1963-12-13 | Demag Ag | Lance for blowing oxygen especially in steel refining furnaces or converters |
US3411716A (en) * | 1966-05-11 | 1968-11-19 | United States Steel Corp | Oxygen lance for steelmaking furnaces |
FR2104366A5 (en) * | 1970-08-17 | 1972-04-14 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | |
EP0055956A1 (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-07-14 | INSTITUT DE RECHERCHES DE LA SIDERURGIE FRANCAISE (IRSID) France | Blowing lance for injecting an oxidising gas, especially oxygen, for treating metal melts |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0195897A2 (en) * | 1985-03-19 | 1986-10-01 | Klöckner Cra Patent Gmbh | Water-cooled lance for blowing oxygen onto a metal bath |
EP0195897A3 (en) * | 1985-03-19 | 1987-05-27 | Klockner Cra Technologie Gmbh | Water-cooled lance for blowing oxygen onto a metal bath |
EP0234389A2 (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-09-02 | Arbed S.A. | Tuyere for refining lances |
EP0234389A3 (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1989-03-15 | Arbed S.A. | Tuyere for refining lances |
KR101290639B1 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2013-07-30 | 타타 스틸 리미티드 | An improved lance for ld steelmaking |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES8401138A1 (en) | 1983-12-01 |
ATE27003T1 (en) | 1987-05-15 |
FR2521167A1 (en) | 1983-08-12 |
DE3371367D1 (en) | 1987-06-11 |
EP0086694B1 (en) | 1987-05-06 |
CA1194302A (en) | 1985-10-01 |
ES519658A0 (en) | 1983-12-01 |
JPH0249368B2 (en) | 1990-10-30 |
FR2521167B1 (en) | 1987-04-30 |
BR8300661A (en) | 1983-11-08 |
US4432534A (en) | 1984-02-21 |
JPS58147510A (en) | 1983-09-02 |
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