EP0083915B1 - Heat-insulating hollow block - Google Patents
Heat-insulating hollow block Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0083915B1 EP0083915B1 EP82890130A EP82890130A EP0083915B1 EP 0083915 B1 EP0083915 B1 EP 0083915B1 EP 82890130 A EP82890130 A EP 82890130A EP 82890130 A EP82890130 A EP 82890130A EP 0083915 B1 EP0083915 B1 EP 0083915B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- web
- heat
- hollow block
- webs
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
- E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
- E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
- E04B2002/0293—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material solid material
Definitions
- the principle of returning heat paths has proven to be a targeted measure to improve the thermal insulation of hollow blocks.
- the stone webs running perpendicular to the heat flow through a hollow block wall are pivoted so far from the wall plane that the path of heat flow through the stone webs is noticeably lengthened. This measure reduces the proportion of the total heat flow through the wall that is due to the heat transfer through the web grid of the hollow blocks.
- the patents AT-A-278.319 and 329.830 relate to such a measure in connection with special forms of training the webs.
- the content of the present invention is a novel design of the space between adjacent stone webs lying perpendicular to the heat flow, with the aim of a maximum reduction of the heat flow through the air-web package.
- the stone webs lying perpendicular to the heat flow should therefore have a kinked course in such a way that adjacent webs each have a mirror-image shape to a plane of symmetry lying between them. At the points of greatest distance from one another, these webs are then connected by connecting webs running approximately parallel to the heat flow, which webs are either single or multiple folds.
- an air-insulation material-air system is created with a suitably dimensioned significantly lower coefficient of thermal conductivity than that of the pure insulation material.
- the special value of the wedge-shaped air layers according to the invention is also that the thickest part of the air layer comes to lie next to the webs, which complicates a heat flow "short circuit" between the webs due to its higher thermal resistance.
- the average thermal insulation of the wedge-shaped air layer is greater than if the latter were delimited by parallel surfaces corresponding to the average distance.
- the last measure according to the invention for reducing the heat transfer through the air-web package is to dispense with the lids or bases which are usually always arranged for one-sided closure of the cavities of hollow stones.
- Fig. 1 shows the principle of the web grid
- Fig. 2 a section of the web grid according to the invention is shown with the insulating plates.
- FIG. 1 shows the principle of the web grid on which the present invention is based. It designates - 1 - the direction of heat flow through the hollow block wall, - 3 - the planes of symmetry parallel to the wall plane, to which the webs - 4 - have a mirror-image opposite course, - 4 - the webs lying approximately perpendicular to the heat flow.
- the connecting webs arranged between the latter are designated with - 5 - for single-kinked and - 6 - for multiple-kinked course.
- Fig. 2 shows a section of the web grid in the inventive design.
- - 4 - denotes the webs approximately perpendicular to the heat flow
- the webs approximately parallel to the heat flow are designated with - 5 - for kinked course and - 6 - for multiple kinked course, between which the insulating plates - 8 - run.
- the air gap between the latter and the webs - 4 - 9 - each has a thinnest point - 9.2 - and a thickest point - 9.1.
- the thickness gauge belonging to the latter is designated with - 12 -.
- the spacing ribs guaranteeing the minimum distance - 9.2 - are designated by -10 ° for an approximately rectangular cross section and - 11 - in the case of an approximately triangular cross section.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
Description
Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Wärmedämmung von Hohlblocksteinen sind seit Jahrzehnten in der Patentliteratur aller Länder beschrieben und haben zu einem beträchtlichen Teil Eingang in die Baupraxis gefunden.Measures to improve the thermal insulation of hollow blocks have been described in the patent literature of all countries for decades and have found their way into construction practice to a considerable extent.
Als zielführende Maßnahme, die Wärmedämmung von Hohlblocksteinen zu verbessern, hat sich unter anderem das Prinzip rücklaufender Wärmewege erwiesen. Hierbei werden die senkrecht zum Wärmefluß durch eine Hohlblockwand verlaufenden Steinstege soweit aus der Wandebene verschwenkt, daß sich der Weg des Wärmeflusses durch die Steinstege merklich verlängert. Jener Anteil des Gesamt-Wärmeflusses durch die Wand, der auf den Wärmedurchgang durch das Steggitter der Hohlblocksteine entfällt, wird durch diese Maßnahme verringert. Die Patente AT-A- 278.319 und 329.830 beziehen sich auf eine derartige Maßnahme im Zusammenhang mit besonderen Ausbildungsformen der Stege.The principle of returning heat paths has proven to be a targeted measure to improve the thermal insulation of hollow blocks. Here, the stone webs running perpendicular to the heat flow through a hollow block wall are pivoted so far from the wall plane that the path of heat flow through the stone webs is noticeably lengthened. This measure reduces the proportion of the total heat flow through the wall that is due to the heat transfer through the web grid of the hollow blocks. The patents AT-A-278.319 and 329.830 relate to such a measure in connection with special forms of training the webs.
Es is zusätzlich bekannt auch die parallel zum Wärmefluß liegenden Stege durch Knickung zu verlängern, um nochmals den Weg des Wärmeflusses zu verlängern. Alle diese Maßnahmen berücksichtigen jedoch nicht die Tatsache, daß bei Wänden aus Hohlblocksteinen, sei es aus Beton, gebranntem.Ziegel o.dgl., nur der geringere Teil der Wärme tatsächlich durch das Steg-Gitter fließt. Dergrößere Teil nimmt seinen Weg etwa parallel zum Wärmefluß durch die hintereinander liegenden Stege und Luftzwischenräume, also durch ein abstrakt als Luft-Steg-Paket zu bezeichnendes System. Um hier den Wärmefluß erfolgreich zu verringern, bedarf es neben entsprechender niedriger Wärmeleitzohlen des Stegmaterials vor allem Maßnahmen im Bereich der zwischen den Stegen befindlichen Luftzwischenräume.It is also known to extend the webs lying parallel to the heat flow by kinking, in order to lengthen the path of the heat flow again. However, all these measures do not take into account the fact that in the case of walls made of hollow blocks, whether made of concrete, fired brick or the like, only the smaller part of the heat actually flows through the web grating. The greater part takes its way approximately parallel to the heat flow through the webs and air gaps one behind the other, i.e. through a system that can be abstractly referred to as an air-web package. In order to successfully reduce the heat flow here, in addition to correspondingly low heat-conducting foils of the web material, above all measures in the area of the air gaps between the webs are required.
Inhalt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist nun eine neuartige Ausbildung des Zwischenraumes zwischen benachbarten, senkrecht zum Wärmefluß liegenden Stein-Stegen, mit dem Ziel einer maximalen Verringerung des Wärmeflusses durch das Luft-Steg-Paket.The content of the present invention is a novel design of the space between adjacent stone webs lying perpendicular to the heat flow, with the aim of a maximum reduction of the heat flow through the air-web package.
Es sollen also die senkrecht zum Wärmefluß liegenden Stein-Stege einen derart geknickten Verlauf aufweisen, daß jeweils benachbarte Stege zu einer in der Mitte zwischen ihnen liegenden Symmetrieebene spiegelbildliche Form besitzen. An den Stellen größten Abstandes voneinander sind diese Stege sodann von etwa parallel zum Wärmeflußlaufenden Verbindungsstegen verbunden, die entweder einfach oder mehrfach geknickt sind.The stone webs lying perpendicular to the heat flow should therefore have a kinked course in such a way that adjacent webs each have a mirror-image shape to a plane of symmetry lying between them. At the points of greatest distance from one another, these webs are then connected by connecting webs running approximately parallel to the heat flow, which webs are either single or multiple folds.
Parallel zu den Symmetrieebenen sind nun erfindungsgemäß von Verbindungssteg oder zu Verbindungssteg oder reichende, on diesen eng anliegende Platten ous hochisolierendem Material angeordnet. Da derartige Platten in aller Regel parallele Begrenzungsflächen aufweisen, entstehen durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung der Platten zwischen diesen und den Stegen keilförmige Luftschichten. Diese keilförmigen Luftschichten, auf deren besondere Eigenschaften tieferstehend noch eingegangen wird, werden auch an ihrer dünnsten Stelle durch an den Stegen angeordnete, kleine Distanzrippen mit etwa rechteckigem oder z.B. dreieckigem Querschnitt auf einem Dickenmaß größer als Null gehalten.In parallel to the planes of symmetry, according to the invention, from the connecting web or to the connecting web or extending, tightly fitting plates made of highly insulating material. Since such plates generally have parallel boundary surfaces, the arrangement of the plates according to the invention results in wedge-shaped air layers between them and the webs. These wedge-shaped layers of air, whose special properties will be discussed in more detail, are also at their thinnest point by small spacing ribs arranged on the webs with an approximately rectangular or e.g. triangular cross-section kept to a thickness greater than zero.
Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung entsteht anstelle eines Luftraumes zwischen den Stegen ein Luft-Isoliermaterial-Luft-System mit bei geeigneter Dimensionierung signifikant niedrigerer Wärmeleitzahl als die des reinen Isoliermaterials.By means of this design according to the invention, instead of an air space between the webs, an air-insulation material-air system is created with a suitably dimensioned significantly lower coefficient of thermal conductivity than that of the pure insulation material.
Der besondere Wert der erfindungsgemäßen keilförmigen Luftschichten liegt ferner darin, daß neben den Stegen der dickste Teil der Luftschicht zu liegen kommt, der infolge seines höheren Wärmedurchlaßwiderstandes einen Wärmefluß "kurzschluß" zwischen den Stegen erschwert.The special value of the wedge-shaped air layers according to the invention is also that the thickest part of the air layer comes to lie next to the webs, which complicates a heat flow "short circuit" between the webs due to its higher thermal resistance.
Weiters ist als Folge der typischen Eigenschaften von Luftschichten die mittlere Wärmedämmung der keilförmigen Luftschicht größer, als wenn letztere von parallelen Flächen entsprechend mittleren Abstandes begrenzt wären.Furthermore, as a result of the typical properties of air layers, the average thermal insulation of the wedge-shaped air layer is greater than if the latter were delimited by parallel surfaces corresponding to the average distance.
Dieser Effekt ist umso größer, je niedriger die Strahlungskonstante der lsolierplattenoberfläche ist.The lower the radiation constant of the insulating plate surface, the greater this effect.
Die letzte erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme zur Verringerung des Wärmedurchganges durch das Luft-Steg-Paket ist der Verzicht auf die üblicherweise stets zum einseitigen Abschluß der Hohlräume von Hohlsteinen angeordneten Deckel oder Böden.The last measure according to the invention for reducing the heat transfer through the air-web package is to dispense with the lids or bases which are usually always arranged for one-sided closure of the cavities of hollow stones.
Diese sind normalerweise immer erforderlich, damit der zum Vermauern der Hohlblocksteine dienende Mörtel der Lagerfuge nicht in die Hohlräume geraten und diese ausfüllen kann.These are normally always necessary so that the mortar of the bed joint, which is used to block the hollow blocks, cannot get into the cavities and fill them.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung ist die Anordnung derartiger Deckel oder Böden nicht erforderlich, da die zwischen Isolierplatten und Stegen liegenden, keilförmigen Luftschichten an ihrer jeweils dicksten Stelle jenes Maß nicht überschreiten, welches noch ein Hineinfließen von Lagerfugenmörtel unmöglich macht. Der Verzicht auf diese hohlraumabschließenden Deckel bewirkt ebenfalls eine wesentliche Verbesserung der gesamten Wärmedämmung der Hohlblock-Wand.In the configuration according to the invention, the arrangement of such lids or floors is not necessary, since the wedge-shaped air layers lying between insulating plates and webs do not exceed the dimension at their thickest point which still makes it impossible for bedding mortar to flow into it. The omission of these cavity-closing covers also brings about a substantial improvement in the overall thermal insulation of the hollow block wall.
In der Zeichnung ist das Princip des Stegrasters sowie die Ausbildung desselben dargestellt. Fig. 1 zeigt das Prinzip des Stegrasters, während in Fig. 2 ein Ausschnitt aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Stegraster mit den Isolierplatten dargestellt ist.In the drawing, the principle of the web grid and the training of the same is shown. Fig. 1 shows the principle of the web grid, while in Fig. 2 a section of the web grid according to the invention is shown with the insulating plates.
In der Zeichnung zeigt Fig. 1 das Prinzip des Stegrasters, auf dem die vorliegende Erfindung aufbaut. Es bezeichnet - 1 - die Richtung des Wärmeflusses durch die Hohlblockwand, - 3 - die Symmetrieebenen parallel zur Wandebene, zu welchen die Stege - 4 - spiegelbildlichentgegengesetzten Verlauf aufweisen, - 4 - die etwa senkrecht zum Wärmefluß liegenden Stege. Die zwischen letzteren angeordneten Verbindungsstege sind mit - 5 - für einfach geknickten und - 6 - für mehrfach geknickten Verlauf bezeichnet.In the drawing, FIG. 1 shows the principle of the web grid on which the present invention is based. It designates - 1 - the direction of heat flow through the hollow block wall, - 3 - the planes of symmetry parallel to the wall plane, to which the webs - 4 - have a mirror-image opposite course, - 4 - the webs lying approximately perpendicular to the heat flow. The connecting webs arranged between the latter are designated with - 5 - for single-kinked and - 6 - for multiple-kinked course.
Fig. 2 zeigt sodann einen Ausschnitt aus dem Stegraster in erfindungsgemäßer Ausbildung. Hier bezeichnet wiederum - 4 - die Stege etwa senkrecht zum Wärmefluß, die Stege etwa parallel zum Wärmefluß werden mit - 5 - für geknickten Verlauf und - 6 - für mehrfach geknickten Verlauf bezeichnet, zwischen denen die Isolierplatten - 8 - verlaufen. Der zwischen letzteren und den Stegen - 4 - entstehende Luftzwischenraum - 9 - besitzt jeweils eine dünnste Stelle - 9.2 - und eine dickste Stelle - 9.1. Das zu letzterer gehörige Dickenmaß ist mit - 12 - bezeichnet. Die den Mindestabstand - 9.2 - gewährleistenden Distanzrippen sind bei etwa rechteckigem Querschnitt mit - -10 - und bei etwa dreieckigem Querschnitt mit - 11 - bezeichnet.Fig. 2 then shows a section of the web grid in the inventive design. Here again - 4 - denotes the webs approximately perpendicular to the heat flow, the webs approximately parallel to the heat flow are designated with - 5 - for kinked course and - 6 - for multiple kinked course, between which the insulating plates - 8 - run. The air gap between the latter and the webs - 4 - 9 - each has a thinnest point - 9.2 - and a thickest point - 9.1. The thickness gauge belonging to the latter is designated with - 12 -. The spacing ribs guaranteeing the minimum distance - 9.2 - are designated by -10 ° for an approximately rectangular cross section and - 11 - in the case of an approximately triangular cross section.
Claims (2)
in as much characterized,
as web parts (5) connecting web parts (4) are featuring single or manifold breaks (6), as slabs (8) of highly insulating material are situated along the planes of symmetry (3), extending from web part (5) or (6) to adjacent web part (5) or (6) and snugly fitted against same, and as wedge-shaped air spaces (9) between said slabs and web parts (4) feature at their thinnest section (9.2) a thickness greater than zero which is achieved by distance ribs of roughly rectangular crosssection (10) or triangular cross-section (11) sitting on the web parts (4).
in as much characterizied,
as the wedge-shaped air spaces (9) situated between insulating slabs (8) and web parts (4) do, at their thickest section (9.1), not exceed a thickness (12) still prohibiting the intrusion of mortar used for the bed joints of the hollow block wall, thereby rendering lids for covering the block voids dispensable.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT4063/81 | 1981-09-22 | ||
| AT0406381A AT370473B (en) | 1981-09-22 | 1981-09-22 | HEAT-INSULATING HOLLOCK BLOCK |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0083915A2 EP0083915A2 (en) | 1983-07-20 |
| EP0083915A3 EP0083915A3 (en) | 1983-11-23 |
| EP0083915B1 true EP0083915B1 (en) | 1986-10-15 |
Family
ID=3559161
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82890130A Expired EP0083915B1 (en) | 1981-09-22 | 1982-09-20 | Heat-insulating hollow block |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0083915B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT370473B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3273818D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202004021586U1 (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2009-04-23 | Maier, Herbert, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) | Ziegelmanteldämmplatte |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT278319B (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1970-01-26 | Walter Seeberger Betonsteinwer | Cavity stone |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT309038B (en) * | 1971-06-16 | 1973-07-25 | Peter Maria Schmid | Hollow block |
| AT329830B (en) * | 1974-07-19 | 1976-05-25 | Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag | CAVITY STONE |
| AT371875B (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1983-08-10 | Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh | HOLLOW STONE |
-
1981
- 1981-09-22 AT AT0406381A patent/AT370473B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-09-20 DE DE8282890130T patent/DE3273818D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-09-20 EP EP82890130A patent/EP0083915B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT278319B (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1970-01-26 | Walter Seeberger Betonsteinwer | Cavity stone |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0083915A3 (en) | 1983-11-23 |
| ATA406381A (en) | 1982-08-15 |
| EP0083915A2 (en) | 1983-07-20 |
| AT370473B (en) | 1983-04-11 |
| DE3273818D1 (en) | 1986-11-20 |
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