EP0082136A1 - Enrichment cyclon of a gas mixture - Google Patents

Enrichment cyclon of a gas mixture

Info

Publication number
EP0082136A1
EP0082136A1 EP19810901910 EP81901910A EP0082136A1 EP 0082136 A1 EP0082136 A1 EP 0082136A1 EP 19810901910 EP19810901910 EP 19810901910 EP 81901910 A EP81901910 A EP 81901910A EP 0082136 A1 EP0082136 A1 EP 0082136A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
cyclone
enrichment
oxygen
components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19810901910
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Richard Chalupa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0082136A1 publication Critical patent/EP0082136A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/24—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/36—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position
    • F16K17/38—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position of excessive temperature
    • F16K17/383—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position of excessive temperature the valve comprising fusible, softening or meltable elements, e.g. used as link, blocking element, seal, closure plug

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cyclone for gas enrichment of gas mixtures of different densities, in particular for increasing the oxygen content of air.
  • This gas enrichment causes a higher concentration of the gas to be enriched after leaving the cyclone, which means that more favorable process data can be obtained in subsequent reactions of this gas.
  • enriching air with oxygen better combustion conditions are achieved with subsequent combustion and at the same time the proportion of pollutants in the exhaust gases is reduced.
  • the gas enrichment is mainly effected today by adsorbing and absorbing unwanted components in special gas cleaning devices (cyclones, centrifuges, venturi washers, etc.).
  • the auxiliary media used to absorb the unwanted components are retained using gravity or other energy fields (electrostatic, etc.). Fixed filters with auxiliary media are periodically replaced.
  • the state of knowledge in the field of gas enrichment which can be viewed as gas cleaning from a different perspective, is described in an article by Prof. Dr. HW Thoenes shown (HWThoenes: Development tendencies in environmental protection technology, in technical communications, 73rd year, February 1980, Issue 2, p. 101). In this article, which also deals with the separation of gaseous pollutants (ibid., P.
  • the invention has for its object, bypassing auxiliary media to enrich the gas mixture directly due to the different acceleration of individual gas components in the cyclone.
  • This object which was previously only achieved for gas / solid mixtures, is also achieved by the invention for gas mixtures, in particular for air (nitrogen / oxygen mixture).
  • the gas enrichment is effected by a cyclone in which the gas mixture flowing due to an existing pressure difference is forced into a spiral movement which accelerates gas particles of different weights to different extents.
  • the thus entering stochastic Areichtation of the heavier component in the internal outer radius of the cyclone and the lighter component in the vicinity of the cyclone axis is for the enrichment of each desired gas remplibe.I
  • the oxygen richer, heavier air (liter weight O 2: 1.42895 g) taken from the outer radius of the cyclone, the lighter, more nitrogen-rich air (liter weight N 2 : 1.25046 g) near the central axis. is suctioned off.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

Avec ce cyclone on obtient un enrichissement aussi bien des composants lourds (A) que des composants légers (B) d'un mélange de gaz (AB). Cet enrichissement a lieu sans utiliser des médiums auxiliaires, seulement en raison des différentes forces cinétiques qui agissent le long d'un parcours en spirale sur les composants du gaz ayant des poids différents. Le composant léger enrichi (B) est aspiré près de l'axe du cyclone et le composant lourd (A) enrichi quitte le cyclone par une tubulure (6) fixée sur la paroi extérieure. En particulier, en utilisant le cyclone pour enrichir en oxygène l'air de combustion, constitué d'un mélange d'oxygène et d'azote, on améliore le processus de combustion tout en réduisant la teneur en substances nuisibles des gaz d'échappement.With this cyclone, both heavy components (A) and light components (B) are enriched with a gas mixture (AB). This enrichment takes place without using auxiliary mediums, only because of the different kinetic forces which act along a spiral path on the components of the gas having different weights. The enriched light component (B) is sucked close to the axis of the cyclone and the enriched heavy component (A) leaves the cyclone by a tube (6) fixed on the external wall. In particular, by using the cyclone to enrich the combustion air, consisting of a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, with oxygen, the combustion process is improved while reducing the content of harmful substances in the exhaust gases.

Description

Zyklon zur Gasanreicherung Cyclone for gas enrichment
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Zyklon zur Gasanreicher ung von Gasgemischen unterschiedlicher Dichte, insbesondere zur Erhöhung des Sauerstoffsgehaltes von Luft. Diese Gasanreicherung bewirkt eine höhere Konzentration des anzureichernden Gases nach Verlassen des Zyklons, wodurch bei nachfolgenden Reaktionen dieses Gases günstigere Prozeß daten erzielt werden. Insbesondere bei Anreicherung von Luft mit Sauerstoff werden bei anschliessender Verbrennung bessere Brennverhältnisse erreicht und zugleich der Anteil an Schadstoffen in den Abgasen gemindert.The invention relates to a cyclone for gas enrichment of gas mixtures of different densities, in particular for increasing the oxygen content of air. This gas enrichment causes a higher concentration of the gas to be enriched after leaving the cyclone, which means that more favorable process data can be obtained in subsequent reactions of this gas. Particularly when enriching air with oxygen, better combustion conditions are achieved with subsequent combustion and at the same time the proportion of pollutants in the exhaust gases is reduced.
Die Gasanreicherung wird heute vornehmlich durch Adsorbtion und Absorbtion von unerwünschten Bestandteilen in speziellen Gasreinigungsapparaturen (Zyklonen, Zentrifugen, Venturi Wäschern, ect.) bewirkt. Die dabei verwendeten Hilfsmedien, welche die unerwünschten Bestandteile aufnehmen, werden mit Hilfe von Schwerkraft oder mittels anderer Energiefelder (elektrostatisch, ect.) zurückgehalten. Bei festen Filtern mit Hilfsmedien werden diese periodisch ausgetauscht. Der Wissensstand auf dem Gebiet der Gasanreicherung, das aus einer anderen Sicht als Gasreinigung aufgefaßt werden kann, ist z.B. in einem Aufsatz von Prof. Dr. H. W. Thoenes dargestellt (H.W.Thoenes: Entwicklungstendenzen in der Umweltschutztechnologie, in Technische Mitteilungen, 73. Jahrgang, Februar 1980, Heft 2, S. 101). In diesem Beitrag, der sich auch mit der Abscheidung gasförmiger Schadstoffe befaßt (ebenda, S. 102), werden die hier gezeigten Möglichkeiten der direkten Gasanreicherung (oder Gasreinigung) nicht gesehen. Ein hieran angrenzeder Wissensstand über die Abscheidung von Stäuben aus Gasen wird von Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ekkehard Weber beschrieben (E.Weber: Grundlagen zur Abscheidung von Stäuben, in Umweltmarkt von A bis Z, Sonderband von Umweltmagazin, Dezember 1980, Hrsg. Vogel-Verlag Würzburg, S.146). Auch hier werden die Möglichkeiten der direkten Gasanreiche rung (oder Gasreinigung) nicht erwähnt, obwohl auf eine angeblich in der Zukunft aussichtreiche kombinierte Gasreinigungs—/Staubabscheidungsanlage Bezug genommen wird (ebenda,The gas enrichment is mainly effected today by adsorbing and absorbing unwanted components in special gas cleaning devices (cyclones, centrifuges, venturi washers, etc.). The auxiliary media used to absorb the unwanted components are retained using gravity or other energy fields (electrostatic, etc.). Fixed filters with auxiliary media are periodically replaced. The state of knowledge in the field of gas enrichment, which can be viewed as gas cleaning from a different perspective, is described in an article by Prof. Dr. HW Thoenes shown (HWThoenes: Development tendencies in environmental protection technology, in technical communications, 73rd year, February 1980, Issue 2, p. 101). In this article, which also deals with the separation of gaseous pollutants (ibid., P. 102), the possibilities of direct gas enrichment (or gas purification) shown here are not seen. An adjacent level of knowledge about the separation of dusts from gases is by Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ekkehard Weber (E. Weber: Fundamentals for the separation of dusts, in environmental market from A to Z, special volume from environmental magazine, December 1980, ed. Vogel publishing house Würzburg, p.146). Again, the possibilities of direct gas accumulation tion (or gas cleaning) is not mentioned, although reference is made to a combined gas cleaning / dust separation system which is said to be promising in the future (ibid.,
S.150).P.150).
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, unter Umgehung von Hilfsmedien das Gasgemisch direkt aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Beschleunigung einzelner Gasbestandteile im Zyklon anzureichern. Diese Aufgabe, welche bisher nur für Gas—/Feststoffgemische gelöst wurde, wird durch die Erfindung auch für Gasgemische, insbesondere für Luft (Stickstoff-/Sauerstoffgemisch) gelöst.The invention has for its object, bypassing auxiliary media to enrich the gas mixture directly due to the different acceleration of individual gas components in the cyclone. This object, which was previously only achieved for gas / solid mixtures, is also achieved by the invention for gas mixtures, in particular for air (nitrogen / oxygen mixture).
Die Gasanreicherung wird durch ein Zyklon bewirkt, in dem das aufgrund einer vorhandenen Druckdifferenz strömende Gasgemisch eine spiralförmige Bewegung gezwungen wird, die unterschiedlich schwere Gaspartikel verschieden stark beschleunigt. Die dadurch eintretende stochastische Areicherung des schwereren Bestandteils am inneren Außenradius des Zyklons und des leichteren Bestandteils in der Nähe der Zyklonachse wird zur Anreicherung des jeweils gewünschten Gases ausgenutzt.Insbesondere bei Sauerstoffanreicherung von Luft wird die Sauerstoffreichere, schwerere Luft (Litergewicht O2: 1,42895 g) am Außenradius des Zyklons entnommen, wobei die leichtere, stickstoffreichere Luft (Litergewicht N2: 1,25046 g) in der Nähe der Mittelachse. abgesaugt wird.The gas enrichment is effected by a cyclone in which the gas mixture flowing due to an existing pressure difference is forced into a spiral movement which accelerates gas particles of different weights to different extents. The thus entering stochastic Areicherung of the heavier component in the internal outer radius of the cyclone and the lighter component in the vicinity of the cyclone axis is for the enrichment of each desired gas ausgenutzt.Insbesondere at oxygen enrichment of air, the oxygen richer, heavier air (liter weight O 2: 1.42895 g) taken from the outer radius of the cyclone, the lighter, more nitrogen-rich air (liter weight N 2 : 1.25046 g) near the central axis. is suctioned off.
Die mit dieser Erfindung erzielten Vorteile liegen hauptsächlich in der Umgehung der bei herkömmlicher Gasanreicherung (oder Gasreinigung) notwendigen Hilfsmedien. Dadurch entfällt die ansonsten unumgängliche Austragung dieser Medien. Ferner werden bei anschliessenden Reaktionen durch diese angereicherte Gase bessere Prozeßdaten erreicht. Insbesondere bei Sauerstoffanreicherung von Luft werden bei vorgesehener Verwendung als Verbrennungluft günstigere Brennwerte erzielt, wobei zusätzlich der Anteil von Schad stoffe in Abgasen zurückgeht.The advantages achieved with this invention lie primarily in the avoidance of the auxiliary media required in conventional gas enrichment (or gas purification). This means that the otherwise inevitable discharge of these media is no longer necessary. In addition, better process data are achieved in subsequent reactions through these enriched gases. Particularly in the case of oxygen enrichment of air, when the envisaged use is used as combustion air, more favorable calorific values are achieved, with the additional proportion of harmful substances in exhaust gases.
Ein Ausführungbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der beiliegenden Zeichnung dargestellt. Dort strömt das Gasgemisch (AB) in das Zyklon ( 1) , wo es in eine spiralförmige Bewegung (2) gezwungen wird. Durch die Wirkung der Massenkräfte werden schwerere Gasbestandteile (A) nach außen (3) getragen, leichtere Gasbestandteile (B) nach innen (4) . Die leichteren Gasbestandteile werden mit Hilfe eines Saugrohres (5) , das mit entsprechenden Öffnungen versehen ist, abgesaugt. Die schwereren Gasbestandteile verlassen das Zyklon durch einen geeigneten Stutzen (6) . An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing. There the gas mixture (AB) flows into the cyclone (1), where it is forced into a spiral movement (2). Due to the effect of the mass forces, heavier gas components (A) are carried outside (3), lighter gas components (B) inside (4). The lighter gas components are extracted with the help of a suction pipe (5), which is provided with appropriate openings. The heavier gas components leave the cyclone through a suitable nozzle (6).

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Zyklon zur Gasanreicherung von Gasgemischen unterschiedlicher Dichte dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gasanrei cherung ohne ein Hilfsmedium allein aufgrund unterschiedlicher Massenkräfte erreicht wird, die auf Gaskomponenten verschiedener Dichten einwirken.1. Cyclone for gas enrichment of gas mixtures of different densities, characterized in that the gas enrichment is achieved without an auxiliary medium solely on the basis of different inertial forces which act on gas components of different densities.
2. Zyklon zur Gasanreicherung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Luft ohne Verwendung eines Hilfsmediums mit Sauerstoff angereichert wird allein aufgrund unterschiedlicher Massenkräfte, die auf ihre verschieden schweren Hauptbestandteile Stickstoff und Sauerstoff einwirken. 2. Cyclone for gas enrichment according to claim 1, characterized in that air is enriched with oxygen without the use of an auxiliary medium solely due to different inertial forces which act on its different heavy main components nitrogen and oxygen.
EP19810901910 1981-06-29 1981-06-29 Enrichment cyclon of a gas mixture Withdrawn EP0082136A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE1981/000102 WO1983000100A1 (en) 1981-06-29 1981-06-29 Enrichment cyclon of a gas mixture

Publications (1)

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EP0082136A1 true EP0082136A1 (en) 1983-06-29

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EP (1) EP0082136A1 (en)
DE (1) DE3152909D2 (en)
WO (1) WO1983000100A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3632055A1 (en) * 1986-09-20 1988-03-24 Eugen Plaksin DEVICE FOR TREATING THE COMBUSTION AIR
DE4138177A1 (en) * 1991-11-15 1993-05-27 Beutler Maschinenbau Und Vertr METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING A HEAVY GAS LOW CONCENTRATION IN A GAS MIXTURE
CN108815928A (en) * 2018-08-30 2018-11-16 大连惠川环保科技有限公司 The device and its working method of tar separation in a kind of pair of pyrolytic gasification gaseous mixture

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR430621A (en) * 1910-06-08 1911-10-20 Edouard Mazza Method and apparatus for the separation by centrifugation of the elements composing an aeriform mixture
FR520075A (en) * 1915-09-07 1921-06-20 Edouard Mazza System for the separation of component elements of aeriform mixtures
FR730442A (en) * 1932-01-25 1932-08-12 Process for the separation of gas mixtures
CH276405A (en) * 1949-09-01 1951-07-15 Michael Dr Hoch Process for the separation of gas mixtures.
DE934763C (en) * 1951-06-15 1955-11-03 Hans Dr Phil Tollert Process for the separation of gas mixtures, preferably air, for the production of oxygen-enriched air by using the Ranque effect in the vortex tube
DE1154793B (en) * 1956-01-04 1963-09-26 Hans Georg Noeller Dr Method and device for separating gas mixtures by the action of centrifugal forces
FR1150088A (en) * 1956-04-27 1958-01-07 Cie De Fives Lille Pour Const Separation of gas mixtures
BE756804A (en) * 1969-09-29 1971-03-01 Wikdahl Nils Anders Lennart GROUP OF SEPARATOR IN CYCLONE

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8300100A1 *

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Publication number Publication date
DE3152909D2 (en) 1985-09-19
WO1983000100A1 (en) 1983-01-20

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