EP0082048A1 - Hydraulic directional control valve - Google Patents

Hydraulic directional control valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0082048A1
EP0082048A1 EP82402201A EP82402201A EP0082048A1 EP 0082048 A1 EP0082048 A1 EP 0082048A1 EP 82402201 A EP82402201 A EP 82402201A EP 82402201 A EP82402201 A EP 82402201A EP 0082048 A1 EP0082048 A1 EP 0082048A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drawer
selector
distributor
chamber
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82402201A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0082048B1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Isaac
Louis Pignolet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rexroth Sigma SA
Original Assignee
Rexroth Sigma SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rexroth Sigma SA filed Critical Rexroth Sigma SA
Publication of EP0082048A1 publication Critical patent/EP0082048A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0082048B1 publication Critical patent/EP0082048B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0416—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor with means or adapted for load sensing
    • F15B13/0417—Load sensing elements; Internal fluid connections therefor; Anti-saturation or pressure-compensation valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0416—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor with means or adapted for load sensing
    • F15B13/0417—Load sensing elements; Internal fluid connections therefor; Anti-saturation or pressure-compensation valves
    • F15B13/0418—Load sensing elements sliding within a hollow main valve spool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F16K11/0704—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides comprising locking elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86485—Line condition change responsive release of valve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667—Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86694—Piston valve
    • Y10T137/86702—With internal flow passage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667—Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86694—Piston valve
    • Y10T137/8671—With annular passage [e.g., spool]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic distributor of the kind which includes a body provided with at least one pressure fluid inlet orifice, a fluid return orifice to a reservoir, two orifices for connection to a hydraulic device or component, and a clean drawer to slide in a bore of the distributor body, the body and the drawer having passages, pipes and / or grooves arranged so as to cooperate in order to establish the connections or the desired closings of the various orifices of the distributor body, depending on the position occupied by the drawer, this distributor comprising a locking of the drawer in its working and rest positions, and unlocking means actuated mechanically during the movement of the drawer.
  • the object of the invention is, above all, to provide a hydraulic distributor of the kind defined above which makes it possible to satisfy the two requirements mentioned above while remaining simple and robust to manufacture, while retaining a reduced bulk.
  • a hydraulic distributor of the kind in question is characterized in that, on the one hand, the drawer is made of at least two parts assembled to each other and that a pressure selector is placed inside the drawer, this pressure selector comprising two inlets and one outlet, and being suitable for comparing the two pressures on its inputs and for providing, on its output, the highest pressure, connection means being provided in the distributor body and in the drawer for connecting the two inputs of the selector respectively to the two orifices distributor connection, and to connect the selector outlet to a channel opening to the outside of the distributor body and that, on the other hand, the distributor comprises means sensitive to. the selector outlet pressure suitable for controlling the actuation of the unlocking means when the selector outlet pressure crosses a predetermined limit.
  • the pressure-sensitive means may comprise a piston or the like housed in a chamber and capable of acting on the unlocking under the effect of the selector outlet pressure, and a system of pipes suitable for connecting the chamber of the selector to the chamber where the piston is.
  • This piping system is advantageously produced using a press-fitted part, in particular by force, in a bore of the part of the drawer comprising the chamber, this part comprising an enlarged head situated in this chamber, the seat for the ball of the selector being provided on this head, the outside diameter of said head being less than the inside diameter of the selector chamber so that an annular passage is formed between the head and the interior surface of the chamber, this annular passage being connected by a space, provided between an extension of the part and the bore of the drawer in which this extension is engaged, to the chamber in which the unlocking piston is located; the seat provided in the enlarged head of the part is connected by pipes provided in this part and on its external surface, with a radial channel of the drawer suitable for being placed in communication with an outlet orifice or a dispenser connection orifice.
  • the dispenser may include a sealing valve provided on an outlet orifice, valve the opening of which can be controlled by the drawer during its movements; this drawer then advantageously comprises a diametral transverse passage communicating with a longitudinal channel of the drawer, the assembly being such that, in the neutral position of the drawer, this diametral passage establishes a connection of the chamber of the distributor body, closed by the valve. sealing, with the orifice connected to the reservoir, while during the displacement of the drawer in the direction intended to cause the opening of the sealing valve, the aforesaid diametrical passage is closed at the start of the movement.
  • a hydraulic distributor 1 comprising a body 2- provided, at least, with an orifice P (fig. 3) for admission of fluid under pressure, an orifice T for returning fluid to a reservoir and two orifices for connection A, B to a hydraulic device or component such as a jack or a rotary motor.
  • the dispenser also includes a drawer 3 suitable for sliding in a bore 4 of the dispenser body.
  • the body 2 and the drawer 3 have passages, pipes and / or grooves arranged so as to cooperate with a view to establishing the desired connections or closings of the various orifices P, T, A and B of the distributor, depending on the position occupied by the drawer. It is not necessary to describe in detail these passages, pipes, grooves, which appear clearly in FIGS. 1 and 3. It can, however, be specified that the body 2 comprises, towards each of its longitudinal ends, a cavity 5, 6 , connected to the orifice T as visible in Figure 3; the cavities 5 and 6 are crossed by the bore 4. Two cavities 7 and 8 connected respectively to the connection orifices B and A are provided between the cavities 5 and 6 and the middle region of the body 2. Two other cavities 9 and 10 are provided in the body 2, between the cavities 7 and 8 and the middle region of this body; the cavities 9 and 10 are connected by pipes to the orifice P.
  • the cavities 7, 8, 9 and 10 are crossed by the bore 4.
  • the drawer 3 is made in two parts 3a, 3b rigidly assembled to one another, and a pressure selector S is arranged inside the drawer.
  • the two parts 3a, 3b, are screwed into each other, the part 3a comprising an extension 12 of smaller diameter, externally threaded, screwed into a threaded housing 13 provided in the other part 3b.
  • the two parts 3a, 3b are screwed and locked one inside the other and assembled definitively, in particular by gluing.
  • a finishing machining (rectification) is carried out on the drawer 3 thus assembled, which then undergoes chrome plating.
  • Each part 3a, 3b has a longitudinal axial channel 14, 54 respectively, having one end open towards the other part of the drawer and arranged in the form of a seat, in particular frustoconical, respectively 16, 17 for a ball 18 belonging to the selector.
  • the axial channel 54 of the part 3b has beyond its seat 17, and towards the part 3a, an enlarged zone suitable for serving as a chamber 19 for the ball 18; the threaded housing 13 extends this chamber 19 towards the part 3a.
  • the internal diameter of the chamber 19 is greater than the diameter of the ball 18.
  • the two seats 16, 17 constitute the two inputs of the selector capable of being connected to the connection orifices B and A respectively by the axial channels 14 and 61, 63, and by radial channels 20, 65. provided at the blind end of each axial channel and connecting this axial channel to the periphery of the drawer 3.
  • the output of the selector S comprises one or more radial channels such as 22 connecting the chamber 19 to the outer surface of the drawer 3. These channels 22 open into a cylindrical clearance 23 provided in the bore of the body 2; this clearance 23 has a length at least equal to the stroke of the slide so as to remain in permanent communication with the output 22 of the selector S.
  • the cylindrical clearance 23, and therefore the outlet 22 of the selector S, are connected to a channel 24 (fig.'l) opening to the outside of the distributor body.
  • the selector S compares the pressures on its inputs 16, 17, that is to say the pressures on the connection orifices B and A when the communication of the axial channels 14, 15 with these orifices is established for a working position of the drawer 3.
  • the ball 18 is pushed, by the strongest pressure, against the seat 16 or 17 of the channel connected to the low pressure plias, and comes to close this channel; the strongest pressure is thus available at the outlet of the selector (chamber 19 and channel 22) and therefore in the clearance 23.
  • the chamber 19 of the selector is connected to the reservoir by the channels 20, 65 which communicate with cavities 5 and 6.
  • the distributor body 2 has a generally parallelepiped shape whose long sides are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drawer 3; this body 2 has two plane faces parallel to each other and to the axis of the drawer 3; these faces allow stacking of several distributors flat face against flat face.
  • a second selector such as S 1a, S is provided. 1b associated with a distributor 1a, lb (fig. 4 and 5).
  • the second selector such as S 1a or S lb (fig. 4) compares the outlet pressure of the first selector Sa or S b of an associated distributor (la or lb), with another pressure transmitted by a passage such as 27a or 27b.
  • the second selector such as S la or S lb provides the greatest pressure on its outlet and on an orifice such as 31a or 31b (Fig. 4).
  • the second selector such as S 1a or S 1b can be located either outside the distributor body or in the distributor body.
  • the pressure transmitted by the passage 27a, 27b of the second selector 31a, 31b can be formed by the highest pressure of one or more other distributors connected to the same pressure source constituted, by example, by a variable displacement pump.
  • the orifice 31b of a distributor 1b communicates with the passage 27a of the neighboring distributor.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates such an arrangement with three distributors 1a, 1b, lc with three positions, connected in parallel to a variable displacement feed pump P a .
  • Various conventional hydraulic components are illustrated in this diagram and it does not appear necessary to describe them in detail, their symbolic representation being sufficient to identify them.
  • control line 35 allowing the displacement of the pump P a to be controlled as a function of the highest pressure required on one of the connection orifices of the three distributors.
  • This pressure line or line comprises lines 30a and 30b for la and 1b. It connects the output of selector S c (first selector of the last distributor lc) in a lb S input (second selector dis- t ributeur lb). The other input of this selector S lb is connected to the output of the first selector S b of 1b.
  • Line 35 connects, then the output S 1b to a second selector input S of the first distributor.
  • the other input of S la is connected, as explained above, to the output of the first selector S a of the distributor la.
  • the dispenser 1 has a locking device V of the drawer in its various positions.
  • This locking device V is conventional and there is no need to describe it in detail.
  • a part 36 is screwed to one end of the drawer 3; this part comprises an axial housing 37 in which a rod 38 can slide with a tapered head 38a and pushed by a spring 39 towards the drawer 3.
  • the tapered head 38a cooperates with a ball 40 engaged in a transverse hole 41 passing through the wall of the housing 37.
  • a second ball 42, pushed by the ball 40 projects from the external surface of the part 36 so as to cooperate with locking grooves such as 43 provided inside a sleeve 44 blocked on the body 2.
  • a displacement of the rod 38, to the right as shown in FIG. 3, against the spring 39, allows the balls 40 and 42 to be erased towards the inside of the housing 37, in the radial direction , and the unlocking of the drawer 3.
  • This erasure can be obtained mechanically by an operator by exerting on the drawer 3 an axial force sufficient to cause such a retraction of the rod 38 under the influence of the radial thrust exerted by the balls on the frustoconical head.
  • Means 45 sensitive to the output pressure of the first selector S are provided for controlling the actuation of the unlocking when the output pressure of the selector S crosses a determined limit.
  • These means 45 comprise a piston 46 housed in a chamber 47 formed in a sleeve 48 screwed into a tapped hole in the drawer 3. By its end remote from the center of the distributor, the piston 46 presses against the head of a pusher 49 intended to transmit the force on the rod 38. This pusher is held by elastic return means 50 in contact with the piston 46. For the fully depressed position of the piston 46 in the chamber 47, as shown in FIG. 3, the pusher 49 is separated of the rod 38.
  • a ball 51 is disposed between the end of the piston 46 facing the center of the distributor and the bottom of the chamber 47. This bottom is traversed by an axial channel 52 of diameter much smaller than that of the chamber 47. The ball 51 is able to close this channel under the force of the elastic means 50, force transmitted by the head of the pusher 49 to the piston 46 and to the ball.
  • a system of pipes C is provided to connect the output of selector S to channel 52 and therefore to chamber 47.
  • This pipe system C is produced using a part 53 fitted in particular by force, in the bore 54 of the part 3b of the drawer comprising the chamber 19.
  • the part 53 comprises an enlarged head 55, of larger diameter than that of the part fitted into the bore 54.
  • This head 55 is located in the chamber 19 whose axial length is greater than that provided in the case of FIG. 1
  • the outside diameter of the head 55 is smaller than the inside diameter of the chamber 19 so that an annular passage 56 is formed between the head and this inside surface.
  • This annular passage 56 is connected to a space 57, forming a channel with a section in a segment of a circle (see FIG. 2) this space corresponds to a flat bottom clearance made on the cylindrical part 53 (FIG. 2).
  • the space 57 only extends along a fraction of the axial length of the part 53 and is closed at 58 by the normal contour of this part 53.
  • a transverse hole 59 is provided to connect the 'space 57 to an axial channel 60 which opens on the end of the part 53 facing the sleeve 48 and the locking means V (see fig. 3).
  • This channel 60 communicates with the other axial channel 52 as visible in FIG. 3.
  • the pressure prevailing in the chamber 19 of the selector, and therefore the pressure at the outlet of this selector, is thus transmitted to the channel 52 and is exerted on a surface of the ball 51, corresponding to the section of the channel 52, against the force developed by the spring 50.
  • the seat 17 of the ball 18 of the selector S (see fig. 1) which is provided at the end of the enlarged head 55 as indicated above, is extended towards the inside of the part 53 by the blind axial channel 61.
  • this channel 61 communicates through a radial hole 62 with the space 63 (see FIGS. 1 and 2 ) having a cross section in the form of a segment of a circle.
  • the space 63 similar to the space 57 described above, extends along a fraction of the length of the part 53, at the periphery of the latter. This space 63 is formed by a flat bottom clearance made on the part 53 and is limited by the internal surface of the bore 54.
  • a peripheral groove 64 is provided on the part 53 at the longitudinal end, away from the center of the drawer 3, of the space 6 3.
  • radial channels 65 making the groove 64 and the space 63 communicate with the exterior surface of the drawer 3.
  • the longitudinal position of the grooves of the drawer-3 and the radial channels 65 is chosen so as to ensure the following connections.
  • the liquid pressure is therefore established in the chamber 19 which can be considered as forming, with the orifices 22, the outlet of the selector S.
  • This pressurized liquid flows through the passage 56, the space 57, the hole 59 and channel 60, towards ball 51 (fig. 3 ).
  • the dispenser 1 can comprise a sealing valve 67 provided on the outlet orifice B, provided with a seat 66, a valve whose opening can be controlled by a frusto-conical part 68 of the drawer 3 during its movement, this frusto-conical part cooperating with a push rod 69 capable of moving a ball 70 subjected to a relatively reduced force due to the small section on which the pressure difference is exerted.
  • the movement of the ball 70 allows pressure balancing on either side of the valve 67 and the subsequent opening of this valve with reduced effort.
  • a diametrical passage 71 which communicates with the axial channel 14 of the part 3a towards the blind end of this channel 14
  • the passage 71 is located on the side of the central part of the drawer 3 with respect to the radial channel 20.
  • this diametral passage 71 is chosen so that when the drawer 3 is in the neutral position, for which the grooves provided. at the periphery of the drawer do not establish a connection between the cavity 7 and the cavity 5 connected to the orifice T, the passage 71 communicates with this cavity 7, while the radial channel 20 communicates with the cavity 5. It is thus seen that a connection is established between the cavity 7 and the orifice T via the passage 71, the channel 20 and the cavity 5.
  • the position of the passage 71 is also chosen so that when the drawer 3 is moved in the direction intended to cause the valve 67 to open, that is to say when the drawer 3 is moved to the left.
  • the above passage 71 is closed by a bearing of the bore of the distributor body while the rod 69 is lifted by the frustoconical part 68.
  • the cavity 7 is thus isolated from the orifice T and the pressure in this cavity 7 can increase when the ball 70 is detached from its seat, until the pressure is balanced at the orifice B, since there is no leakage flow through the passage 71. A such flow would cause a pressure drop through the valve 67 and would make it more difficult to open this valve.
  • the dispenser according to the invention is simple and robust to manufacture and takes up little space.
  • the layout of the pipes inside the body 2 corresponds substantially to the layout of a conventional dispenser, which reduces manufacturing costs.
  • the distributor of the invention which makes it possible, as shown in the diagram in FIG. 4, to control a variable displacement pump, can also be used with a fixed displacement pump; in this case, as shown in FIG. 5. it suffices to connect the orifice 31a to the control device g of the pressure limiter L of the pump P b with fixed displacement, in order to control the opening of the valve of said limiter for bypass the excess pump flow to the tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)

Abstract

Distributeur comprenant un corps (1) muni au moins d'un orifice (P) d'admission de fluide sous pression, d'un orifice (T) de retour du fluide vers un réservoir, de deux orifices de raccordement (A, B) à un appareil ou composant hydraulique, et un tiroir (3) propre à coulisser dans un alésage (4) du corps de distributeur, et comportant un verrouillage (V) du tiroir et des moyens de déverrouillage (38, 39) actionnés mécaniquement; le tiroir (3) est réalisé en au moins deux parties (3a, 3b) assemblées rigidement l'une à l'autre et un sélecteur de pression (S) est disposé à l'intérieur du tiroir, ce sélecteur de pression comprenant deux entrées (16, 17) et une sortie (19, 22), et étant propre à comparer les deux pressions sur ses entrées et à fournir, sur sa sortie, la pression la plus élevée, des moyens de liaison étant prévus dans le corps de distributeur et dans le tiroir pour relier les deux entrées (16, 17) du sélecteur respectivement aux deux orifices de raccordement (B, A) du distributeur, et pour relier la sortie (19, 22) du sélecteur à un canal débouchant à l'extérieur du corps de distributeur; le distributeur comporte des moyens (46, 49) sensibles à la pression de sortie du sélecteur (S) propres à commander la mise en action des moyens de déverroillage (38, 39) lorsque la pression de sortie du sélecteur (S) franchit une limite prédéterminée.Distributor comprising a body (1) provided with at least one orifice (P) for admission of pressurized fluid, an orifice (T) for returning the fluid to a reservoir, two connection orifices (A, B) a hydraulic device or component, and a drawer (3) suitable for sliding in a bore (4) of the distributor body, and comprising a locking mechanism (V) of the drawer and unlocking means (38, 39) actuated mechanically; the drawer (3) is made of at least two parts (3a, 3b) rigidly assembled to one another and a pressure selector (S) is arranged inside the drawer, this pressure selector comprising two inputs (16, 17) and an outlet (19, 22), and being adapted to compare the two pressures on its inlets and to provide, on its outlet, the highest pressure, connection means being provided in the distributor body and in the drawer to connect the two inputs (16, 17) of the selector respectively to the two connection orifices (B, A) of the distributor, and to connect the outlet (19, 22) of the selector to a channel opening to the outside the distributor body; the distributor comprises means (46, 49) sensitive to the outlet pressure of the selector (S) suitable for controlling the actuation of the unlocking means (38, 39) when the outlet pressure of the selector (S) crosses a limit predetermined.

Description

L'invention est relative à un distributeur hydraulique du genre de ceux qui comprennent un corps muni au moins d'un orifice d'admission de fluide sous pression, d'un orifice de retour du fluide vers un réservoir, de deux orifices de raccordement à un appareil ou composant hydraulique, et un tiroir propre à coulisser dans un alésage du corps de distributeur, le corps et le tiroir comportant des passages, des canalisations et/ou des gorges agencés de manière à coopérer en vue d'établir les connexions ou les fermetures souhaitées des différents orifices du corps de distributeur, selon la position occupée par le tiroir, ce distributeur comportant un verrouillage du tiroir dans ses positions de travail et de repos, et des moyens de déverrouillage actionnés mécaniquement lors du déplacement du tiroir.The invention relates to a hydraulic distributor of the kind which includes a body provided with at least one pressure fluid inlet orifice, a fluid return orifice to a reservoir, two orifices for connection to a hydraulic device or component, and a clean drawer to slide in a bore of the distributor body, the body and the drawer having passages, pipes and / or grooves arranged so as to cooperate in order to establish the connections or the desired closings of the various orifices of the distributor body, depending on the position occupied by the drawer, this distributor comprising a locking of the drawer in its working and rest positions, and unlocking means actuated mechanically during the movement of the drawer.

Dans certains montages hydrauliques, notamment lorsque l'on souhaite piloter une pompe à cylindrée variable en vue d'ajuster la puissance fournie par cette pompe à la puissance absorbée par l'appareil hydraulique commandé par le distributeur, il convient de disposer d'une pression de pilotage égale à la plus forte des pressions présente aux orifices de raccordement du ou de plusieurs distributeurs utilisés en groupe.In certain hydraulic assemblies, in particular when it is desired to control a variable displacement pump in order to adjust the power supplied by this pump to the power absorbed by the hydraulic device controlled by the distributor, it is advisable to have a pressure piloting equal to the highest of the pressures present at the connection orifices of the or more distributors used in a group.

Il est souhaitable, en outre, que les moyens de déverrouillage du tiroir dans ses positions de travail interviennent lorsque la plus forte des pressions présentes aux orifices de raccordement devient trop élevée.It is further desirable that the means for unlocking the drawer in its working positions intervene when the highest pressure present at the connection orifices becomes too high.

L'invention a pour but, surtout, de fournir un distributeur hydraulique du genre défini précédemment qui permette de satisfaire aux deux exigences évoquées ci-dessus tout en restant d'une fabrication simple et robuste, et tout en conservant un encombrement réduit.The object of the invention is, above all, to provide a hydraulic distributor of the kind defined above which makes it possible to satisfy the two requirements mentioned above while remaining simple and robust to manufacture, while retaining a reduced bulk.

Selon l'invention, un distributeur hydraulique du genre en question est caractérisé par le fait que, d'une part, le tiroir est réalisé en au moins deux parties assemblées l'une à l'autre et qu'un sélecteur de pression est disposé à l'intérieur du tiroir, ce sélecteur de pression comprenant deux entrées et une sortie, et étant propre à comparer les deux pressions sur ses entrées et à fournir, sur sa sortie, la pression la plus élevée, des moyens de liaison étant prévus dans le corps de distributeur et dans le tiroir pour relier les deux entrées du sélecteur respectivement aux deux orifices de raccordement du distributeur, et pour relier la sortie du sélecteur à un canal débouchant à l'extérieur du corps de distributeur et que, d'autre part, le distributeur comporte des moyens sensibles à. la pression de sortie du sélecteur propres à commander la mise en action des moyens de déverrouillage lorsque la pression de sortie du sélecteur franchit une limite prédéterminée.According to the invention, a hydraulic distributor of the kind in question is characterized in that, on the one hand, the drawer is made of at least two parts assembled to each other and that a pressure selector is placed inside the drawer, this pressure selector comprising two inlets and one outlet, and being suitable for comparing the two pressures on its inputs and for providing, on its output, the highest pressure, connection means being provided in the distributor body and in the drawer for connecting the two inputs of the selector respectively to the two orifices distributor connection, and to connect the selector outlet to a channel opening to the outside of the distributor body and that, on the other hand, the distributor comprises means sensitive to. the selector outlet pressure suitable for controlling the actuation of the unlocking means when the selector outlet pressure crosses a predetermined limit.

Les moyens sensibles à la pression peuvent comprendre un piston ou analogue logé dans une chambre et propre à agir sur le déverrouillage sous l'effet de la pression de sortie du sélecteur, et un système de canalisations propres à relier la chambre du sélecteur à la chambre où se trouve le piston.The pressure-sensitive means may comprise a piston or the like housed in a chamber and capable of acting on the unlocking under the effect of the selector outlet pressure, and a system of pipes suitable for connecting the chamber of the selector to the chamber where the piston is.

Ce système de canalisations est avantageusement réalisé à l'aide d'une pièce emmanchée, notamment à force, dans un alésage de la partie du tiroir comportant la chambre, cette pièce comportant une tête élargie située dans cette chambre, le siège pour la bille du sélecteur étant prévu sur cette tête, le diamètre extérieur de ladite tête étant inférieur au diamètre intérieur de la chambre du sélecteur de telle sorte qu'un passage annulaire soit formé entre la tête et la surface intérieure de la chambre, ce passage annulaire étant relié par un espace, prévu entre un prolongement de la pièce et l'alésage du tiroir dans lequel ce prolongement est engagé, à la chambre dans laquelle se trouve le piston de déverrouillage ; le siège prévu dans la tête élargie de la pièce est relié par des canalisations prévues dans cette pièce et sur sa surface externe, avec un canal radial du tiroir propre à être mis en communication avec un orifice de sortie ou un orifice de raccordement du distributeur.This piping system is advantageously produced using a press-fitted part, in particular by force, in a bore of the part of the drawer comprising the chamber, this part comprising an enlarged head situated in this chamber, the seat for the ball of the selector being provided on this head, the outside diameter of said head being less than the inside diameter of the selector chamber so that an annular passage is formed between the head and the interior surface of the chamber, this annular passage being connected by a space, provided between an extension of the part and the bore of the drawer in which this extension is engaged, to the chamber in which the unlocking piston is located; the seat provided in the enlarged head of the part is connected by pipes provided in this part and on its external surface, with a radial channel of the drawer suitable for being placed in communication with an outlet orifice or a dispenser connection orifice.

Le distributeur peut comprendre un clapet d'étanchéité prévu sur un orifice de sortie, clapet dont l'ouverture peut être commandée par le tiroir lors de ses déplacements ; ce tiroir comporte alors avantageusement un passage transversal diamétral communiquant avec un canal longitudinal du tiroir, l'ensemble étant tel que, en position neutre du tiroir, ce passage diamétral établisse une liaison de la chambre du corps de distributeur, fermée par le clapet d'étanchéité, avec l'orifice relié au réservoir, tandis que lors du déplacement du tiroir dans le sens destiné à provoquer l'ouverture du clapet d'étanchéité, le susdit passage diamétral se trouve fermé au début du mouvement.The dispenser may include a sealing valve provided on an outlet orifice, valve the opening of which can be controlled by the drawer during its movements; this drawer then advantageously comprises a diametral transverse passage communicating with a longitudinal channel of the drawer, the assembly being such that, in the neutral position of the drawer, this diametral passage establishes a connection of the chamber of the distributor body, closed by the valve. sealing, with the orifice connected to the reservoir, while during the displacement of the drawer in the direction intended to cause the opening of the sealing valve, the aforesaid diametrical passage is closed at the start of the movement.

L'invention consiste, mises à part les dispositions exposées ci-dessus, en certaines autres dispositions dont il sera plus explicitement question ci-après à propos d'un mode de réalisation particulier décrit avec référence aux dessins ci-annexés, mais qui n'est nullement limitatif.

  • La figure 1, de ces dessins, est une coupe axiale partielle, au niveau du tiroir, d'un distributeur conforme à l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une section suivant II-II, fig. 1.
  • La figure 3 est une coupe longitudinale, avec parties en extérieur, d'un distributeur comportant un clapet d'étanchéité sur un de ses orifices de raccordement.
  • La figure 4 est un schéma de distribution avec trois distributeurs conformes à l'invention alimentés en fluide sous pression par une pompe à cylindrée variable, avec pilotage de la cylindrée de la pompe.
  • La figure 5, enfin, est un schéma de distribution avec trois distributeurs alimentés par une pompe à cylindrée fixe, avec pilotage du limiteur de pression de la pompe.
The invention consists, apart from the arrangements set out above, of certain other arrangements which will be more explicitly discussed below in connection with a particular embodiment described with reference to the attached drawings, but which does not is in no way limiting.
  • Figure 1 of these drawings is a partial axial section, at the level of the drawer, of a dispenser according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a section along II-II, fig. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal section, with exterior parts, of a distributor having a sealing valve on one of its connection orifices.
  • Figure 4 is a distribution diagram with three distributors according to the invention supplied with pressurized fluid by a variable displacement pump, with control of the displacement of the pump.
  • Figure 5, finally, is a distribution diagram with three distributors supplied by a cy pump fixed capacity, with control of the pump pressure limiter.

En se reportant aux dessins, notamment aux figures 1 et 3, on peut voir un distributeur hydraulique 1 comprenant un corps 2- muni, au moins, d'un orifice P (fig. 3) d'admission de fluide sous pression, d'un orifice T de retour de fluide vers un réservoir et de deux orifices de raccordement A, B à un appareil ou composant hydraulique tel qu'un vérin ou un moteur rotatif.Referring to the drawings, in particular to FIGS. 1 and 3, one can see a hydraulic distributor 1 comprising a body 2- provided, at least, with an orifice P (fig. 3) for admission of fluid under pressure, an orifice T for returning fluid to a reservoir and two orifices for connection A, B to a hydraulic device or component such as a jack or a rotary motor.

Le distributeur comporte également un tiroir 3 propre à coulisser dans un alésage 4 du corps de distributeur.The dispenser also includes a drawer 3 suitable for sliding in a bore 4 of the dispenser body.

Le corps 2 et le tiroir 3 comportent des passages, des canalisations et/ou des gorges agencés de manière à coopérer en vue d'établir les connexions ou les fermetures souhaitées des différents orifices P, T, A et B du distributeur, selon la position occupée par le tiroir. Il n'est pas nécessaire de décrire en détail ces passages, canalisations, gorges, qui apparaissent bien sur les figures 1 et 3. On peut, cependant, préciser que le corps 2 comporte vers chacune de ses extrémités longitudinales, une cavité 5, 6, reliée à l'orifice T comme visible sur la figure 3 ; les cavités 5 et 6 sont traversées par l'alésage 4. Deux cavités 7 et 8 reliées respectivement aux orifices de raccordement B et A sont prévues entre les cavités 5 et 6 et la région médiane du corps 2. Deux autres cavités 9 et 10 sont prévues, dans le corps 2, entre les cavités 7 et 8 et la région médiane de ce corps ; les cavités 9 et 10 sont reliées par des canalisations à l'orifice P.The body 2 and the drawer 3 have passages, pipes and / or grooves arranged so as to cooperate with a view to establishing the desired connections or closings of the various orifices P, T, A and B of the distributor, depending on the position occupied by the drawer. It is not necessary to describe in detail these passages, pipes, grooves, which appear clearly in FIGS. 1 and 3. It can, however, be specified that the body 2 comprises, towards each of its longitudinal ends, a cavity 5, 6 , connected to the orifice T as visible in Figure 3; the cavities 5 and 6 are crossed by the bore 4. Two cavities 7 and 8 connected respectively to the connection orifices B and A are provided between the cavities 5 and 6 and the middle region of the body 2. Two other cavities 9 and 10 are provided in the body 2, between the cavities 7 and 8 and the middle region of this body; the cavities 9 and 10 are connected by pipes to the orifice P.

Les cavités 7, 8, 9 et 10 sont traversées par l'alésage 4.The cavities 7, 8, 9 and 10 are crossed by the bore 4.

Le tiroir 3 est réalisé en deux parties 3a, 3b assemblées rigidement l'une à l'autre, et un sélecteur de pression S est disposé à l'intérieur du tiroir. Les deux parties 3a, 3b, sont vissées l'une dans l'autre, la partie 3a comportant un prolongement 12 de plus faible diamètre, fileté extérieurement, vissé dans un logement taraudé 13 prévu dans l'autre partie 3b.The drawer 3 is made in two parts 3a, 3b rigidly assembled to one another, and a pressure selector S is arranged inside the drawer. The two parts 3a, 3b, are screwed into each other, the part 3a comprising an extension 12 of smaller diameter, externally threaded, screwed into a threaded housing 13 provided in the other part 3b.

Après mise en place du sélecteur S à l'intérieur du tiroir, les deux parties 3a, 3b sont vissées et bloquées l'une dans l'autre et assemblées de manière définitive, notamment par collage. Un usinage de finition (rectification) est effectué sur le tiroir 3 ainsi assemblé, qui subit, ensuite, un chromage.After setting up the selector S inside the drawer, the two parts 3a, 3b are screwed and locked one inside the other and assembled definitively, in particular by gluing. A finishing machining (rectification) is carried out on the drawer 3 thus assembled, which then undergoes chrome plating.

Chaque partie 3a, 3b comporte un canal axial longitudinal respectivement 14, 54 ayant une extrémité ouverte vers l'autre partie du tiroir et agencée sous la forme d'un siège, notamment tronconique, respectivement 16, 17 pour une bille 18 appartenant au sélecteur. Le canal axial 54 de la partie 3b comporte au-delà de son siège 17, et vers la partie 3a, une zone élargie propre à servir de chambre 19 à la bille 18 ; le logement taraudé 13 prolonge cette chambre 19 vers la partie 3a. Le diamètre intérieur de la chambre 19 est supérieur au diamètre de la bille 18.Each part 3a, 3b has a longitudinal axial channel 14, 54 respectively, having one end open towards the other part of the drawer and arranged in the form of a seat, in particular frustoconical, respectively 16, 17 for a ball 18 belonging to the selector. The axial channel 54 of the part 3b has beyond its seat 17, and towards the part 3a, an enlarged zone suitable for serving as a chamber 19 for the ball 18; the threaded housing 13 extends this chamber 19 towards the part 3a. The internal diameter of the chamber 19 is greater than the diameter of the ball 18.

Les deux sièges 16, 17 constituent les deux entrées du sélecteur propres à être reliées aux orifices de raccordement B et A respectivement par les canaux axiaux 14 et 61, 63, et par des canaux radiaux 20, 65. prévus à l'extrémité borgne de chaque canal axial et reliant ce canal axial à la périphérie du tiroir 3.The two seats 16, 17 constitute the two inputs of the selector capable of being connected to the connection orifices B and A respectively by the axial channels 14 and 61, 63, and by radial channels 20, 65. provided at the blind end of each axial channel and connecting this axial channel to the periphery of the drawer 3.

La sortie du sélecteur S comprend un ou plusieurs canaux radiaux tels que 22 reliant la chambre 19 à la surface extérieure du tiroir 3. Ces canaux 22 débouchent dans un dégagement cylindrique 23 prévu dans l'alésage du corps 2 ; ce dégagement 23 a une longueur au moins égale à la course du tiroir de manière à rester en communication permanente avec la sortie 22 du sélecteur S.The output of the selector S comprises one or more radial channels such as 22 connecting the chamber 19 to the outer surface of the drawer 3. These channels 22 open into a cylindrical clearance 23 provided in the bore of the body 2; this clearance 23 has a length at least equal to the stroke of the slide so as to remain in permanent communication with the output 22 of the selector S.

Le dégagement cylindrique 23, et donc la sortie 22 du sélecteur S, sont reliés à un canal 24 (fig.'l) débouchant à l'extérieur du corps de distributeur.The cylindrical clearance 23, and therefore the outlet 22 of the selector S, are connected to a channel 24 (fig.'l) opening to the outside of the distributor body.

Le sélecteur S compare les pressions sur ses entrées 16, 17, c'est-à-dire les pressions sur les orifices de raccordement B et A lorsque la communication des canaux axiaux 14, 15 avec ces orifices est établie pour une position de travail du tiroir 3. La bille 18 est repoussée, par la pression la plus forte, contre le siège 16 ou 17 du canal relié à la plias faible pression, et vient fermer ce canal ; la pression la plus forte est ainsi disponible à la sortie du sélecteur (chambre 19 et canal 22) et donc dans le dégagement 23. En position neutre du tiroir 3, la chambre 19 du sélecteur est reliée au réservoir par les canaux 20, 65 qui communiquent avec les cavités 5 et 6.The selector S compares the pressures on its inputs 16, 17, that is to say the pressures on the connection orifices B and A when the communication of the axial channels 14, 15 with these orifices is established for a working position of the drawer 3. The ball 18 is pushed, by the strongest pressure, against the seat 16 or 17 of the channel connected to the low pressure plias, and comes to close this channel; the strongest pressure is thus available at the outlet of the selector (chamber 19 and channel 22) and therefore in the clearance 23. In the neutral position of the drawer 3, the chamber 19 of the selector is connected to the reservoir by the channels 20, 65 which communicate with cavities 5 and 6.

Le corps 2 de distributeur a une forme générale parallélépipédique dont les grands côtés sont parallèles à l'axe longitudinal du tiroir 3 ; ce corps 2 présente deux faces planes parallèles entre elles ainsi qu'à l'axe du tiroir 3 ; ces faces permettent un empilage de plusieurs distributeurs face plane contre face plane.The distributor body 2 has a generally parallelepiped shape whose long sides are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drawer 3; this body 2 has two plane faces parallel to each other and to the axis of the drawer 3; these faces allow stacking of several distributors flat face against flat face.

Dans le cas où plusieurs distributeurs tels que 1a, 1b, 1c (voir fig. 4 et 5) sont combinés on prévoit, en plus du premier sélecteur S , Sb, S de chaque distributeur, un deuxième sélecteur tel que S1a, S1b associé à un distributeur 1a, lb (fig. 4 et 5).In the case where several distributors such as 1a, 1b, 1c (see fig. 4 and 5) are combined, in addition to the first selector S, S b , S of each distributor, a second selector such as S 1a, S is provided. 1b associated with a distributor 1a, lb (fig. 4 and 5).

Le deuxième sélecteur, tel que S1a ou S lb (fig. 4) compare la pression de sortie du premier sélecteur Sa ou Sb d'un distributeur associé (la ou lb), avec une autre pression transmise par un passage tel que 27a ou 27b. Le deuxième sélecteur tel que Sla ou Slb fournit sur sa sortie et sur un orifice tel que 31a ou 31b (Fig. 4) la plus grande pression.The second selector, such as S 1a or S lb (fig. 4) compares the outlet pressure of the first selector Sa or S b of an associated distributor (la or lb), with another pressure transmitted by a passage such as 27a or 27b. The second selector such as S la or S lb provides the greatest pressure on its outlet and on an orifice such as 31a or 31b (Fig. 4).

Le deuxième sélecteur tel que S1a ou S lb peut être situé soit à l'extérieur du corps de distributeur, soit dans le corps de distributeur.The second selector such as S 1a or S 1b can be located either outside the distributor body or in the distributor body.

La pression transmise par le passage 27a, 27b du deuxième sélecteur 31a, 31b peut être formée par la plus forte pression d'un ou de plusieurs autres distributeurs branchés sur une même source de pression constituée, par exemple, par une pompe à cylindrée variable.The pressure transmitted by the passage 27a, 27b of the second selector 31a, 31b can be formed by the highest pressure of one or more other distributors connected to the same pressure source constituted, by example, by a variable displacement pump.

Par empilage de plusieurs distributeurs, l'orifice 31b d'un distributeur 1b vient communiquer avec le passage 27a du distributeur voisin.By stacking several distributors, the orifice 31b of a distributor 1b communicates with the passage 27a of the neighboring distributor.

Le schéma de la figure 4 illustre un tel montage avec trois distributeurs la, 1b, lc à trois positions, branchés en parallèle sur une pompe d'alimentation à cylindrée variable Pa. Divers composants hydrauliques classiques sont illustrés sur ce schéma et il n'apparait pas nécessaire de les décrire en détail, leur représentation symbolique étant suffisante pour les identifier.The diagram in FIG. 4 illustrates such an arrangement with three distributors 1a, 1b, lc with three positions, connected in parallel to a variable displacement feed pump P a . Various conventional hydraulic components are illustrated in this diagram and it does not appear necessary to describe them in detail, their symbolic representation being sufficient to identify them.

Les éléments ou parties de ces distributeurs semblables aux parties déjà décrites sont désignés par les mêmes références numériques suivies des indices a, b ou c ; la description de ces parties ou éléments ne sera pas reprise.The elements or parts of these distributors similar to the parts already described are designated by the same reference numerals followed by the indices a, b or c; the description of these parts or elements will not be repeated.

On notera essentiellement la présence d'une ligne de pilotage 35 permettant de commander la cylindrée de la pompe Pa en fonction de la pression la plus élevée demandée sur l'un des orifices de raccordement des trois distributeurs.Essentially, note the presence of a control line 35 allowing the displacement of the pump P a to be controlled as a function of the highest pressure required on one of the connection orifices of the three distributors.

Cette ligne ou conduite de pression comprend des conduites 30a et 30b pour la et 1b. Elle relie la sortie du sélecteur Sc (premier sélecteur du dernier distributeur lc) à une entrée de Slb (deuxième sélecteur du dis- tributeur lb). L'autre entrée de ce sélecteur Slb est reliée à la sortie du premier sélecteur Sb de 1b.This pressure line or line comprises lines 30a and 30b for la and 1b. It connects the output of selector S c (first selector of the last distributor lc) in a lb S input (second selector dis- t ributeur lb). The other input of this selector S lb is connected to the output of the first selector S b of 1b.

La ligne 35 relie, ensuite, la sortie de S1b à une entrée du deuxième sélecteur Sla du premier distributeur la. L'autre entrée de Sla est reliée, comme expliqué précédemment, à la sortie du premier sélecteur S a du distributeur la.Line 35 connects, then the output S 1b to a second selector input S of the first distributor. The other input of S la is connected, as explained above, to the output of the first selector S a of the distributor la.

La ligne 35 enfin, relie la sortie de Sla au dispositif de commande F de la cylindrée de la pompe.Finally line 35 connects the output S to F controller of the displacement of the pump.

On notera également que dans la réprésentation schématique, les premiers sélecteurs S , Sb ou Sc ont été représentés trois fois, en correspondance avec chaque case schématique du distributeur.It will also be noted that in the schematic representation, the first selectors S, S b or S c have been represented three times, in correspondence with each schematic box of the distributor.

En se reportant à la figure 3, on voit que le distributeur 1 comporte un dispositif de verrouillage V du tiroir dans ses diverses positions. Ce dispositif de verrouillage V est classique et il n'est pas besoin de le décrire en détail. On notera simplement qu'une pièce 36 est vissée à une extrémité du tiroir 3 ; cette pièce comporte un logement axial 37 dans lequel peut coulisser une tige 38 munie d'une tête tronconique 38a et poussée par un ressort 39 vers le tiroir 3. La tête tronconique 38a coopère avec une bille 40 engagée dans un trou transversal 41 traversant la paroi du logement 37. Une deuxième bille 42, poussée par la bille 40, fait saillie sur la surface extérieure de la pièce 36 de manière à coopérer avec des gorges de verrouillage telles que 43 prévues à l'intérieur d'un manchon 44 bloqué sur le corps 2. Un déplacement de la tige 38, vers la droite selon la représentation de la figure 3, à l'encontre du ressort 39, permet l'effacement des billes 40 et 42 vers l'intérieur du logement 37, dans le sens radial, et le déverrouillage du tiroir 3. Cet effacement peut être obtenu mécaniquement par un opérateur en exerçant sur le tiroir 3 un effort axial suffisant pour provoquer un tel recul de la tige 38 sous l'influence de la poussée radiale exercée par les billes sur la tête tronconique.Referring to Figure 3 , it can be seen that the dispenser 1 has a locking device V of the drawer in its various positions. This locking device V is conventional and there is no need to describe it in detail. It will simply be noted that a part 36 is screwed to one end of the drawer 3; this part comprises an axial housing 37 in which a rod 38 can slide with a tapered head 38a and pushed by a spring 39 towards the drawer 3. The tapered head 38a cooperates with a ball 40 engaged in a transverse hole 41 passing through the wall of the housing 37. A second ball 42, pushed by the ball 40, projects from the external surface of the part 36 so as to cooperate with locking grooves such as 43 provided inside a sleeve 44 blocked on the body 2. A displacement of the rod 38, to the right as shown in FIG. 3, against the spring 39, allows the balls 40 and 42 to be erased towards the inside of the housing 37, in the radial direction , and the unlocking of the drawer 3. This erasure can be obtained mechanically by an operator by exerting on the drawer 3 an axial force sufficient to cause such a retraction of the rod 38 under the influence of the radial thrust exerted by the balls on the frustoconical head.

Des moyens 45 sensibles à la pression de sortie du premier sélecteur S sont prévus pour commander la mise en action du déverrouillage lorsque la pression de sortie du sélecteur S franchit une limite déterminée. Ces moyens 45 comprennent un piston 46 logé dans une chambre 47 ménagée dans un manchon 48 vissé dans un trou taraudé du tiroir 3. Par son extrémité éloignée du centre du distributeur, le piston 46 appuie contre la tête d'un poussoir 49 destiné à transmettre l'effort à la tige 38. Ce poussoir est maintenu par des moyens de rappel élastiques 50 au contact du piston 46. Pour la position totalement enfoncée du piston 46 dans la chambre 47, comme représenté sur la figure 3, le poussoir 49 est écarté de la tige 38.Means 45 sensitive to the output pressure of the first selector S are provided for controlling the actuation of the unlocking when the output pressure of the selector S crosses a determined limit. These means 45 comprise a piston 46 housed in a chamber 47 formed in a sleeve 48 screwed into a tapped hole in the drawer 3. By its end remote from the center of the distributor, the piston 46 presses against the head of a pusher 49 intended to transmit the force on the rod 38. This pusher is held by elastic return means 50 in contact with the piston 46. For the fully depressed position of the piston 46 in the chamber 47, as shown in FIG. 3, the pusher 49 is separated of the rod 38.

Une bille 51 est disposée entre l'extrémité du piston 46 tournée vers le centre du distributeur et le fond de la chambre 47. Ce fond est traversé par un canal axial 52 de diamètre très inférieur à celui de la chambre 47. La bille 51 est propre à fermer ce canal sous l'effort des moyens élastiques 50, effort transmis par la tête du poussoir 49 au piston 46 et à la bille. Un système de canalisations C est prévu pour relier la sortie du sélecteur S au canal 52 et donc à la chambre 47.A ball 51 is disposed between the end of the piston 46 facing the center of the distributor and the bottom of the chamber 47. This bottom is traversed by an axial channel 52 of diameter much smaller than that of the chamber 47. The ball 51 is able to close this channel under the force of the elastic means 50, force transmitted by the head of the pusher 49 to the piston 46 and to the ball. A system of pipes C is provided to connect the output of selector S to channel 52 and therefore to chamber 47.

Ce système de canalisations C, bien visible sur la figure 1, est réalisé à l'aide d'une pièce 53 emmanchée notamment à force, dans l'alésage 54 de la partie 3b du tiroir comportant la chambre 19.This pipe system C, clearly visible in FIG. 1, is produced using a part 53 fitted in particular by force, in the bore 54 of the part 3b of the drawer comprising the chamber 19.

La pièce 53 comporte une tête 55 élargie, de plus fort diamètre que celui de la partie emmanchée dans l'alésage 54. Cette tête 55 est située dans la chambre 19 dont la longueur axiale est supérieure à celle prévue dans le cas de la figure 1. Le diamètre extérieur de la tête 55 est inférieur au diamètre intérieur de la chambre 19 de telle sorte qu'un passage annulaire 56 soit formé entre la tête et cette surface intérieure. Ce passage annulaire 56 est relié à un espace 57, formant canal à section en segment de cercle (voir fig. 2) cet espace correspond à un dégagement à fond plat pratiqué sur la pièce cylindrique 53 (fig. 2).The part 53 comprises an enlarged head 55, of larger diameter than that of the part fitted into the bore 54. This head 55 is located in the chamber 19 whose axial length is greater than that provided in the case of FIG. 1 The outside diameter of the head 55 is smaller than the inside diameter of the chamber 19 so that an annular passage 56 is formed between the head and this inside surface. This annular passage 56 is connected to a space 57, forming a channel with a section in a segment of a circle (see FIG. 2) this space corresponds to a flat bottom clearance made on the cylindrical part 53 (FIG. 2).

Comme visible sur la figure 1, l'espace 57 ne s'étend que suivant une fraction de la longueur axiale de la pièce 53 et est fermé en 58 par le contour normal de cette pièce 53. Un trou transversal 59 est prévu pour relier l'espace 57 à un canal axial 60 qui s'ouvre sur l'extrémité de la pièce 53 tournée vers le manchon 48 et les moyens de verrouillage V (voir fig. 3). Ce canal 60 communique avec l'autre canal axial 52 comme visible sur la figure 3. La pression règnant dans la chambre 19 du sélecteur, et donc la pression à la sortie de ce sélecteur, est ainsi transmise au canal 52 et s'exerce sur une surface de la bille 51, correspondant à la section du canal 52, à l'encontre de l'effort développé par le ressort 50. Lorsque cette pression dépasse une valeur prédéterminée, la bille 51 est écartée de son siège et la pression de liquide s'établit sur toute la section de la chambre 47 ; du fait que la section de cette chambre 47 est largement supérieure à la section du canal 52, la force qui s'exerce sur le piston 46 devient largement supérieure à celle qui a provoqué le décollement de la bille 51 de son siège et on obtient un déplacement franc du piston 46 à l'encontre du ressort 50. Le poussoir 49 repousse la tige 38 et sa tête tronconique 38a à l'encontre du ressort 39 et les billes 40, 42 s'effacent vers l'intérieur dans le sens radial, ce qui déverrouille le tiroir 3 lequel est ramené par des moyens élastiques (non visibles sur la figure 3), dans sa position neutre.As can be seen in FIG. 1, the space 57 only extends along a fraction of the axial length of the part 53 and is closed at 58 by the normal contour of this part 53. A transverse hole 59 is provided to connect the 'space 57 to an axial channel 60 which opens on the end of the part 53 facing the sleeve 48 and the locking means V (see fig. 3). This channel 60 communicates with the other axial channel 52 as visible in FIG. 3. The pressure prevailing in the chamber 19 of the selector, and therefore the pressure at the outlet of this selector, is thus transmitted to the channel 52 and is exerted on a surface of the ball 51, corresponding to the section of the channel 52, against the force developed by the spring 50. When this pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the ball 51 is separated from its seat and the liquid pressure is established over the entire section of chamber 47; because the section of this chamber 47 is much greater than the section of the channel 52, the force exerted on the piston 46 becomes much greater than that which caused the detachment of the ball 51 from its seat and a clear displacement of the piston 46 is obtained against the spring 50. The pusher 49 pushes the rod 38 and its frustoconical head 38a against the spring 39 and the balls 40, 42 are erased inward in the radial direction, which unlocks the drawer 3 which is returned by elastic means (not visible in Figure 3), in its neutral position.

Le siège 17 de la bille 18 du sélecteur S (voir fig. 1) qui est prévu à l'extrémité de la tête élargie 55 comme indiqué précédemment, est prolongé vers l'intérieur de la pièce 53 par le canal axial borgne 61. Vers son extrémité fermée, ce canal 61 communique par un trou radial 62 avec l'espace 63 (voir fig. 1 et 2) à section transversale en forme de segment de cercle. L'espace 63, semblable à l'espace 57 décrit précédemment, s'étend suivant une fraction de la longueur de la pièce 53, à la périphérie de cette dernière. Cet espace 63 est formé par un dégagement à fond plat pratiqué sur la pièce 53 et est limité par la surface intérieure de l'alésage 54. Une gorge périphérique 64 est prévue sur la pièce 53 au niveau de l'extrémité longitudinale, éloignée du centre du tiroir 3, de l'espace 63. A ce même niveau longitudinal sont prévus, dans la paroi de la partie 3b du tiroir des canaux radiaux 65 faisant communiquer la gorge 64 et l'espace 63 avec la surface extérieure du tiroir 3. La position longitudinale des gorges du tiroir-3 et des canaux radiaux 65 est choisie de manière à assurer les connexions suivantes. Lorsque le tiroir 3 occupe la position de travail assurant la liaison entre les cavités 8 et 10 par une des gorges dudit tiroir, les canaux 65 débouchent dans la cavité 8 et assurent donc la mise en communication du siège 17 avec la chambre 8. Lorsque le tiroir 3 occupe son autre position de travail pour laquelle une de ses gorges met en communication la cavité 8 avec la cavité 6, les canaux radiaux 65 débouchent dans la cavité 6. En position neutre du tiroir 3, pour laquelle la cavité 8 est isolée des cavités 10 et 6, les canaux radiaux 65 débouchent dans la cavité 6 et assurent donc la liaison du siège 17 avec l'orifice T et le réservoir.The seat 17 of the ball 18 of the selector S (see fig. 1) which is provided at the end of the enlarged head 55 as indicated above, is extended towards the inside of the part 53 by the blind axial channel 61. Towards its closed end, this channel 61 communicates through a radial hole 62 with the space 63 (see FIGS. 1 and 2 ) having a cross section in the form of a segment of a circle. The space 63, similar to the space 57 described above, extends along a fraction of the length of the part 53, at the periphery of the latter. This space 63 is formed by a flat bottom clearance made on the part 53 and is limited by the internal surface of the bore 54. A peripheral groove 64 is provided on the part 53 at the longitudinal end, away from the center of the drawer 3, of the space 6 3. At this same longitudinal level are provided, in the wall of the part 3b of the drawer, radial channels 65 making the groove 64 and the space 63 communicate with the exterior surface of the drawer 3. The longitudinal position of the grooves of the drawer-3 and the radial channels 65 is chosen so as to ensure the following connections. When the drawer 3 occupies the working position ensuring the connection between the cavities 8 and 10 by one of the grooves of said drawer, the channels 65 open into the cavity 8 and therefore ensure the communication of the seat 17 with the chamber 8. When the drawer 3 occupies its other working position for which one of its grooves puts the cavity 8 into communication with the cavity 6, the radial channels 65 open into the cavity 6. In the neutral position of the drawer 3, for which the cavity 8 is isolated from the cavities 10 and 6, the radial channels 65 open into the cavity 6 and therefore ensure the connection of the seat 17 with the orifice T and The reservoir.

Le fonctionnement du déverrouillage du distributeur conforme aux figures 1 et 3 résulte immédiatement des explications précédentes.The operation of unlocking the dispenser in accordance with Figures 1 and 3 immediately results from the preceding explanations.

Lorsque le tiroir 3 occupe une position de travail (deplacée vers la gauche par rapport à celle représentée sur la fig. 1), assurant l'admission du fluide sous pression dans la cavité 8 et vers l'orifice A, ce fluide sous pression passe par les canaux 65, l'espace 63, le trou 62 et le canal 61 pour arriver contre la bille 18. Comme l'autre orifice de raccordement B se trouve, alors, relié à l'orifice T de retour au réservoir, la bille 18 du sélecteur S se trouve poussée par la pression contre l'autre siège 16 qui est ainsi fermé.When the drawer 3 occupies a working position (moved to the left with respect to that shown in fig. 1), ensuring the admission of the pressurized fluid into the cavity 8 and towards the orifice A, this pressurized fluid passes through the channels 65, the space 63, the hole 62 and the channel 61 to arrive against the ball 18. As the other connection orifice B is then, connected to the orifice T back to the tank, the ball 18 of the selector S is pushed by the pressure against the other seat 16 which is thus closed.

La pression de liquide s'établit donc dans la chambre 19 que l'on peut considérer comme formant, avec les orifices 22, la sortie du sélecteur S. Ce liquide sous pression s'écoule par le passage 56, l'espace 57, le trou 59 et le canal 60, vers la bille 51 (fig. 3).The liquid pressure is therefore established in the chamber 19 which can be considered as forming, with the orifices 22, the outlet of the selector S. This pressurized liquid flows through the passage 56, the space 57, the hole 59 and channel 60, towards ball 51 (fig. 3 ).

Lorsque la pression du liquide dépasse une valeur prédéterminée, comme expliqué précédemment, la bille 51 est écartée de son siège et le piston 46 commande le déverrouillage du tiroir 3.When the pressure of the liquid exceeds a predetermined value, as explained above, the ball 51 is moved away from its seat and the piston 46 controls the unlocking of the drawer 3.

En se reportant de nouveau à la figure 3, on voit que le distributeur 1 peut comprendre un clapet d'étanchéité 67 prévu sur l'orifice de sortie B, muni d'un siège 66, clapet dont l'ouverture peut être commandée par une partie tronconique 68-du tiroir 3 lors de son déplacement, cette partie tronconique coopérant avec une tige de poussée 69 propre à déplacer une bille 70 soumise à un effort relativement réduit du fait de la faible section sur laquelle s'exerce la différence de pression. Le déplacement de la bille 70 permet l'équilibrage de pression de part et d'autre du clapet 67 et l'ouverture ultérieure de ce clapet avec un effort réduit.Referring again to FIG. 3, it can be seen that the dispenser 1 can comprise a sealing valve 67 provided on the outlet orifice B, provided with a seat 66, a valve whose opening can be controlled by a frusto-conical part 68 of the drawer 3 during its movement, this frusto-conical part cooperating with a push rod 69 capable of moving a ball 70 subjected to a relatively reduced force due to the small section on which the pressure difference is exerted. The movement of the ball 70 allows pressure balancing on either side of the valve 67 and the subsequent opening of this valve with reduced effort.

Lorsqu'un tel clapet 67 est combiné avec un distributeur conforme à l'invention, on prévoit avantageusement, dans le tiroir 3, un passage diamétral 71 qui communique avec le canal axial 14 de la partie 3a vers l'extrémité borgne de ce canal 14. Le passage 71 est situé du côté de la partie centrale du tiroir 3 par rapport au canal radial 20.When such a valve 67 is combined with a distributor according to the invention, there is advantageously provided, in the drawer 3, a diametrical passage 71 which communicates with the axial channel 14 of the part 3a towards the blind end of this channel 14 The passage 71 is located on the side of the central part of the drawer 3 with respect to the radial channel 20.

La position longitudinale de ce passage diamétral 71 est choisie de telle sorte que lorsque le tiroir 3 est en position neutre, pour laquelle les gorges prévues. à la périphérie du tiroir n'établissent pas de liaison entre la cavité 7 et la cavité 5 reliée à l'orifice T, le passage 71 communique avec cette cavité 7, tandis que le canal radial 20 communique avec la cavité 5. On voit ainsi qu'une liaison est établie entre la cavité 7 et l'orifice T par l'intermédiaire du passage 71, du canal 20 et de la cavité 5.The longitudinal position of this diametral passage 71 is chosen so that when the drawer 3 is in the neutral position, for which the grooves provided. at the periphery of the drawer do not establish a connection between the cavity 7 and the cavity 5 connected to the orifice T, the passage 71 communicates with this cavity 7, while the radial channel 20 communicates with the cavity 5. It is thus seen that a connection is established between the cavity 7 and the orifice T via the passage 71, the channel 20 and the cavity 5.

Cette liaison permet de décomprimer la cavité 7 au cas où des fuites se produiraient entre le tiroir 3 et l'alésage 4, depuis la cavité 9 sous pression vers la cavité 7.This connection makes it possible to decompress the cavity 7 in the event that leaks occur between the slide 3 and the bore 4, from the pressurized cavity 9 to the cavity 7.

La position du passage 71 est, en outre, choisie de telle sorte que lors du déplacement du tiroir 3 dans le sens destiné à provoquer l'ouverture du clapet 67, c'est-à-dire lors du déplacement du tiroir 3 vers la gauche dans le cas de la figure 3, le susdit passage 71 se trouve fermé par une portée de l'alésage du corps de distributeur pendant que la tige 69 est soulevée par la partie tronconique 68. La cavité 7 est ainsi isolée de l'orifice T et la pression dans cette cavité 7 peut augmenter lorsque la bille 70 est décollée de son siège, jusqu'à équilibrer la pression à l'orifice B, puisqu'il n'y a pas d'écoulement de fuite par le passage 71. Un tel écoulement provoquerait une perte de charge à travers le clapet 67 et rendrait plus difficile l'ouverturede ce clapet.The position of the passage 71 is also chosen so that when the drawer 3 is moved in the direction intended to cause the valve 67 to open, that is to say when the drawer 3 is moved to the left. in the case of Figure 3, the above passage 71 is closed by a bearing of the bore of the distributor body while the rod 69 is lifted by the frustoconical part 68. The cavity 7 is thus isolated from the orifice T and the pressure in this cavity 7 can increase when the ball 70 is detached from its seat, until the pressure is balanced at the orifice B, since there is no leakage flow through the passage 71. A such flow would cause a pressure drop through the valve 67 and would make it more difficult to open this valve.

Lorsque le déplacement du tiroir se poursuit vers la gauche de la figure 3, le passage 71 entre ensuite en communication avec la cavité 5, mais alors le clapet 67 est déjà ouvert.When the movement of the drawer continues to the left of FIG. 3, the passage 71 then enters into communication with the cavity 5, but then the valve 67 is already open.

Le distributeur selon l'invention est d'une fabrication simple et robuste et d'un encombrement réduit. Le tracé des canalisations à l'intérieur du corps 2 correspond sensiblement au tracé d'un distributeur classique, ce qui réduit les coûts de fabrication.The dispenser according to the invention is simple and robust to manufacture and takes up little space. The layout of the pipes inside the body 2 corresponds substantially to the layout of a conventional dispenser, which reduces manufacturing costs.

Il est clair que le distributeur de l'invention qui permet, comme montré sur le schéma de la figure 4, d'effectuer le pilotage d'une pompe à cylindrée variable, peut être également utilisé avec une pompe à cylindrée fixe; dans ce cas, comme montré sur la figure 5. il suffit de raccorder l'orifice 31a au dispositif de pilotage g du limiteur de pression L de la pompe Pb à cylindrée fixe, afin de contrôler l'ouverture de la soupape dudit limiteur pour by-passer au réservoir l'excédent du débit de la pompe.It is clear that the distributor of the invention which makes it possible, as shown in the diagram in FIG. 4, to control a variable displacement pump, can also be used with a fixed displacement pump; in this case, as shown in FIG. 5. it suffices to connect the orifice 31a to the control device g of the pressure limiter L of the pump P b with fixed displacement, in order to control the opening of the valve of said limiter for bypass the excess pump flow to the tank.

Claims (7)

1. Distributeur hydraulique comprenant un corps (1) muni au moins d'un orifice (P) d'admission de fluide sous pression, d'un orifice (T) de retour au fluide vers un réservoir, de deux orifices de raccordement (A, B) à un appareil ou composant hydraulique, et un tiroir (3) propre à coulisser dans un alésage (4) du corps de distributeur, le corps et le tiroir comportant des passages, des canalisations et/ou des gorges agencés de manière à coopérer en vue d'établir les connexions ou les fermetures souhaitées des différents orifices du corps de distributeur, selon la position occupée par le tiroir, ce distributeur comportant un verrouillage (V) du tiroir dans ses positions de travail et de repos, et des moyens de déverrouillage (38, 39) actionnés mécaniquement lors du déplacement du tiroir, caractérisé par le fait que, d'une part, le tiroir (3) est réalisé en au moins deux parties (3a, 3b) assemblées l'une à l'autre et qu'un sélecteur de pression (S) est disposé à l'intérieur du tiroir, ce sélecteur de pression comprenant deux entrées (16, 17) et une sortie (19, 22), et étant propre à comparer les deux pressions sur ces entrées et à fournir, sur sa sortie, la pression la plus élevée, des moyens de liaison étant prévus dans le corps de distributeur et dans le tiroir pour relier les deux entrées (16, 17) du sélecteur respectivement aux deux orifices de raccordement (B, A) du distributeur, et pour relier la sortie (19, 22) du sélecteur à un canal (24) débouchant à l'extérieur du corps de distributeur et que, d'autre part, le distributeur comporte des moyens (46, 49) sensibles à la pression de sortie du sélecteur (S) propres à commander la mise en action des moyens de déverrouillage lorsque la pression de sortie du sélecteur (S) franchit une limite prédéterminée.1. Hydraulic distributor comprising a body (1) provided with at least one orifice (P) for admission of pressurized fluid, an orifice (T) for return to the fluid towards a reservoir, two connection orifices (A , B) to a hydraulic device or component, and a drawer (3) suitable for sliding in a bore (4) of the distributor body, the body and the drawer comprising passages, pipes and / or grooves arranged so as to cooperate in order to establish the desired connections or closings of the various orifices of the distributor body, depending on the position occupied by the drawer, this distributor comprising a locking (V) of the drawer in its working and rest positions, and means unlocking mechanism (38, 39) actuated mechanically during the movement of the drawer, characterized in that, on the one hand, the drawer (3) is produced in at least two parts (3a, 3b) assembled one at a time other and that a pressure selector (S) is arranged inside the drawer, this pressure selector comprising two inputs (16, 17) and one output (19, 22), and being adapted to compare the two pressures on these inputs and to provide, on its output, the highest pressure, connecting means being provided in the distributor body and in the drawer for connecting the two inputs (16, 17) of the selector respectively to the two connection orifices (B, A) of the distributor, and for connecting the output (19, 22) of the selector to a channel (24) emerging outside the distributor body and, on the other hand, the distributor comprises means (46, 49) sensitive to the output pressure of the selector (S) suitable for controlling the actuation of the unlocking means when the selector outlet pressure (S) crosses a predetermined limit. 2. Distributeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens sensibles à la pression comprennent un piston (46) ou analogue logé dans une chambre (47) et propre à agir sur le déverrouillage sous l'effet de la pression de sortie du premier sélecteur, et un système de canalisations (57, 59, 60) propres à relier la sortie (19) du sélecteur à la chambre (47) où se trouve le piston.2. Distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure-sensitive means comprise a piston (46) or the like housed in a chamber (47) and capable of acting on the unlocking under the effect of the outlet pressure of the first selector, and a system of pipes (57, 59, 60) suitable for connecting the outlet (19) of the selector to the chamber (47 ) where the piston is located. 3. Distributeur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le piston (46) est logé dans une chambre (47) dont la section est supérieure à la section d'un canal (52), fermé par une bille (51) poussée par le piston, pour l'admission de fluide sous pression dans la chambre (47).3. Distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that the piston (46) is housed in a chamber (47) whose section is greater than the section of a channel (52), closed by a ball (51) pushed by the piston, for the admission of pressurized fluid into the chamber (47). 4. Distributeur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que le système de canalisations est réalisé à l'aide d'une pièce (53) emmanchée, notamment à force, dans un alésage (54) de la partie (3b) du tiroir comportant une chambre (19), cette pièce (53) comportant une tête élargie (55) située dans cette chambre (19), le siège (17) pour la bille (18) du sélecteur (S) étant prévu sur cette tête, le diamètre extérieur de ladite tête (55) étant inférieur au diamètre intérieur de la chambre (19) du sélecteur de telle sorte qu'un passage annulaire (56) soit formé entre la tête et la surface intérieure de la chambre.4. Dispenser according to claim 3, characterized in that the piping system is produced using a part (53) fitted, in particular by force, in a bore (54) of the part (3b) of the drawer comprising a chamber (19), this part (53) comprising an enlarged head (55) situated in this chamber (19), the seat (17) for the ball (18) of the selector (S) being provided on this head, the the outside diameter of said head (55) being less than the inside diameter of the selector chamber (19) so that an annular passage (56) is formed between the head and the inner surface of the chamber. 5. Distributeur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que le passage annulaire (56) est relié par un espace (57), prévu entre un prolongement de la pièce (53) et l'alésage (54) du tiroir dans lequel ce prolongement est engagé, à la chambre (47) dans laquelle se trouve le piston (46) de déverrouillage, le siège (17) prévu dans la tête élargie (55) de la pièce étant relié-par des canalisations (61, 62, 63, 64) prévues dans cette pièce et sur sa surface externe, avec un canal radial (65) du tiroir (3) propre à être mis en communication avec un orifice de sortie (T) ou un orifice de raccordement (A) du distributeur.5. Dispenser according to claim 4, characterized in that the annular passage (56) is connected by a space (57), provided between an extension of the part (53) and the bore (54) of the drawer in which this extension is engaged, to the chamber (47) in which the unlocking piston (46) is located, the seat (17) provided in the enlarged head (55) of the part being connected-by pipes (61, 62, 63 , 64) provided in this part and on its external surface, with a radial channel (65) of the drawer (3) suitable for being put in communication with an outlet orifice (T) or a connection orifice (A) of the dispenser. 6. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les deux parties (3a, 3b) du tiroir sont vissées l'une dans l'autre et bloquées, notamment par collage pour subir, ensuite, un usinage de finition.6. Distributor according to any one of previous claims, characterized in that the two parts (3a, 3b) of the drawer are screwed into one another and locked, in particular by gluing, to then undergo a finishing machining. 7. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant un clapet d'étanchéité (67) prévu sur un orifice de sortie (B), clapet dont l'ouverture peut être commandée par le tiroir (3) lors de ses déplacements, caractérisé par le fait que ce tiroir comporte un passage transversal diamétral (71) communiquant avec un canal longitudinal (14) du tiroir, l'ensemble étant tel que, en position neutre du tiroir, ce passage diamétral (71) établisse une liaison de la chambre (7) du corps de distributeur, fermée par le clapet d'étanchéité (67), avec l'orifice (T) relié au réservoir, tandis que lors du déplacement du tiroir dans le sens destiné à provoquer l'ouverture du clapet d'étanchéité (67), le susdit passage diamétral (71) se trouve fermé au début du mouvement.7. Dispenser according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a sealing valve (67) provided on an outlet orifice (B), valve whose opening can be controlled by the drawer (3) during its movements, characterized in that this drawer has a diametral transverse passage (71) communicating with a longitudinal channel (14) of the drawer, the assembly being such that, in the neutral position of the drawer, this diametral passage (71) establishes a connection between the chamber (7) of the distributor body, closed by the sealing valve (67), with the orifice (T) connected to the reservoir, while during the movement of the drawer in the direction intended to cause the opening of the valve d sealing (67), the aforesaid diametrical passage (71) is closed at the start of the movement.
EP82402201A 1981-12-03 1982-12-02 Hydraulic directional control valve Expired EP0082048B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8122670A FR2517791B1 (en) 1981-12-03 1981-12-03 IMPROVEMENTS TO HYDRAULIC DISTRIBUTORS
FR8122670 1981-12-03

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EP0082048A1 true EP0082048A1 (en) 1983-06-22
EP0082048B1 EP0082048B1 (en) 1986-11-05

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US (1) US4520845A (en)
EP (1) EP0082048B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3274139D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2517791B1 (en)

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FR2588327A1 (en) * 1985-10-07 1987-04-10 Linde Ag HYDRAULIC DRIVE WITH SEVERAL USER EQUIPMENT WITH PRESSURE LIMIT VALVE
EP0362539A1 (en) * 1988-10-06 1990-04-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydraulic control device
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CN105805378A (en) * 2015-01-13 2016-07-27 Mac阀门有限公司 Stepper motor operated balanced flow control valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2517791A1 (en) 1983-06-10
US4520845A (en) 1985-06-04
EP0082048B1 (en) 1986-11-05
DE3274139D1 (en) 1986-12-11
FR2517791B1 (en) 1986-02-28

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