EP0079949B1 - Wind-flügelsystem - Google Patents

Wind-flügelsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0079949B1
EP0079949B1 EP82902129A EP82902129A EP0079949B1 EP 0079949 B1 EP0079949 B1 EP 0079949B1 EP 82902129 A EP82902129 A EP 82902129A EP 82902129 A EP82902129 A EP 82902129A EP 0079949 B1 EP0079949 B1 EP 0079949B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foil
mast
cross bar
fluid
sleeve
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Expired
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EP82902129A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0079949A1 (de
EP0079949A4 (de
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Eric Olsen
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT82902129T priority Critical patent/ATE23830T1/de
Publication of EP0079949A1 publication Critical patent/EP0079949A1/de
Publication of EP0079949A4 publication Critical patent/EP0079949A4/de
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Publication of EP0079949B1 publication Critical patent/EP0079949B1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/069—Kite-sails for vessels

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved foil system which is capable of receiving energy from the flow of a fluid medium and efficiently transferring a portion of such energy to the structure on which such foil system is supported. More particularly, the invention is directed to an improved sail system for sailboats and the like, although it should be pointed out that the invention is not so limited but has utility to efficiently extract or divert dynamic forces generated from fluid flow conditions regardless of the medium of such fluid flow, i.e., whether it be wind, water current, etc. Other applications of the device other than operating a sail craft include power generation, irrigation, littoral deposits, agricultural anti- frost and drying air movement. However, inasmuch as the use of the improved fluid foil system of the present invention in connection with a sail craft is an easily understood and recognized example, it will be used hereinafter as the means by which the present invention will be described.
  • U.S. Patent 2,387,907 to Hook issued October 30, 1945 which includes a sail foil which can vary its lateral attitude;
  • U.S. Patent 4,177,345 issued March 7, 1978 to Gurley directed to a sail supported by two spars directly mounted on a revolving mount located proximate to the hull and controlled through torsional means working on its shaft;
  • U.S. Patent 3,858,542 issued January 7, 1975 to Lenoble directed to a hand supported foil;
  • Patent 3,455,261 issued July 15, 1969 to Perrin also directed to a foil structure having particular utility for a sail board
  • U.S. Patent 2,329,220 issued July 12, 1939 to Rummier directed to a variable speed sail/spar structure which is cumbersome and limited, that is, utilises a 45° pivot in order to alternate the two sail support spars in horizontal and vertical positioning depending on which tack the vessel is on and thus causes the air flow to essentially flow normal to the vertical spar and parallel to the other;
  • Patent 2,106,432 issued January 28, 1938 to Mcln- tyre which is directed to a multi-hull craft, the hulls of which can be skewed relative to one another so as to align the wind loads on its two inclined sails relative to its two inclined center- boards.
  • This invention relates to a fluid foil system for imparting energy from a moving fluid medium to a supporting body, which body in turn is supported by means other than said moving fluid medium, the system including a generally laterally symmetrical fluid foil connected to a mast along a longitudinal axis of the foil for substantial lateral tilt in either direction with respect to said mast about said longitudinal axis, the foil being arranged for rotational movement relative to the body about the mast axia and operational control means for moving said foil to various tilt altitudes.
  • An additional object of the present invention is the provision of a fluid foil system which operates in a greatly simplified manner and which, accordingly, reduces the learning effort and experience which an operator must acquire to operate the system and yet which has wide adaptability and usefulness when applied to water sail craft such as sailboats.
  • a further object of the present invention is the provision of an improved fluid foil system which can be used in fixed location power generating systems which is effective in very light winds or in slow water currents as well as in fluids of higher velocity and when assuming different flow directions.
  • the present invention is characterised in that the foil is arranged for rotational movement relative to the body in a free 360° attitude and in that self-levelling means are connected between the foil and the mast serving automatically to return the foil, when free from said operational control means, to a level rest position in which substantially no power is imparted.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the fluid foil system of the present invention utilised in conjunction with a boat to power the same and depicted in its rest position with respect to wind currents generally assumed to be parallel to the surface of the water
  • Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing the foil in a tilted position into the wind
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a manner in which the foil may be torsionally connected to the mast
  • Fig. 4 is a somewhat schematic elevational view showing the attitudes of tilt which the foil may take with respect to the mast as well as the manner in which the mast may rotate with respect to the boat
  • Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of a means for controlling the attitude of the foil including a sheet or line attached thereto and a fairlead mounted on the upper rail of the boat;
  • Fig. 7 is a partial elevational view of the fairlead shown in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is an elevational view showing another form of a foil self-leveling means;
  • Fig. 9 is an elevational view of the means shown in Fig. 8 but turned 90°;
  • Fig. 10 is an elevational view on an enlarged scale showing a form of tilt limiting means that may be used in conjunction with the fluid foil system of the present invention;
  • Fig. 10 is an elevational view on an enlarged scale showing a form of tilt limiting means that may be used in conjunction with the fluid foil system of the present invention;
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 11-11 of the Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 12-12 of Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 13 is partially sectioned elevational view showing another structural form in which the self-leveling means of the present foil system may assume;
  • Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 13 but showing the foil in a tilted position;
  • Fig. 15 shows another structural form in which the self-leveling system for the foil may take;
  • Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 15 but showing the supporting cross bar of the foil laterally displaced with regard to Fig. 15;
  • Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view along the line 17-17 of Fig. 15;
  • Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 15 but showing the supporting cross bar of the foil laterally displaced with regard to Fig. 15;
  • Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view along the line 17-17
  • FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a modified fluid foil system particularly adapted for use with a sailboard and shown mounted in conjunction therewith;
  • Fig. 19 is a side elevational view of the sailboard and fluid foil system shown in Fig. 18 but disposed in its rest position with respect to wind currents generally assumed to be parallel with the surface of the water;
  • Fig. 20 is an enlarged partially sectioned elevational view showing the manner which the fluid foil is connected to the mast;
  • Fig. 21 is a detail elevational view showing the manner in which the rod shown in Fig. 20 is connected to the cross bar sleeve.
  • the improved fluid foil system 10 of the present invention is depicted as part of a sailboat construction including a hull 12 of any suitable construction.
  • the foil system 10 includes a foil 14 including a pair of flexible A-frame spars 16 which serve to stretch a delta-form sail 18 therebetween.
  • the foil 14 may be otherwise constructed including formation from rigid sheet material and the like.
  • the foil 14, accordingly, exhibits a nose portion 20 and a trailing edge 22.
  • a cross bar 24 extending between the spars 16 serves to stretch the sail 18 and maintain it in such condition.
  • the foil 14 is torsionally mounted to a mast 26 generally along its longitudinal axis of lateral symmetry such that the foil 14 may assume various positions of lateral tilt with respect to the mast as shown by the arrows in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • Such connection is accomplished by means of a sleeve 28 fixed in position to the cross bar 24 at its midpoint and from which a pin 30 rearwardly extends through the hollow interior of the mast 26.
  • a connector 32 of any suitable construction such as the screw cap shown serves to fasten the pin 30 on the other side of the mast 26 such that the cross bar 24 and, accordingly, the foil 14 is free to assume the lateral tilt in either direction as above-described.
  • the foil 14 when otherwise unconstrained, is free to seek a luffing attitude of pitch where the angle of attack of the foil 14 in regard to the wind forces (assumed to be generally parallel to the surface of the water on which the sailboat is supported) essentially neutralizes the lift forces of such fluid medium against the foil.
  • a strut 34 is attached to a collar 36 so as to enable pivotal motion in a vertical plane of such strut.
  • the collar 36 is in turn adjustably fixedly connected to the mast 26 at one end and extends upwardly to the nose 20 of the foil 14 at its other end. Accordingly, this strut 34 extending between the leading nose 20 of the foil 14 serves to position the pitch of the foil's longitudinal axis. Normally such pitch is set such that the foil assumes a horizontal, i.e., position parallel to the water, such that foil has a neutral lift when disposed in its normal luffing or level attitude as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the mast 26 is supported by being appropriately “stepped" in the hull 12 and is free for multi-rotational movement with regard thereto.
  • the mast 26 has a rotational degree of freedom greater than 360° with respect to the hull 12 in either direction. It thus may be seen that the combination of the ability of the mast to rotate in the above-indicated manner with ability of the foil 14 to tilt about the mast in either lateral direction enables the foil 14 to assume a wide range of directional headings and positions vis-a-vis the directional flow of the wind such that the desired degree of its force may be harnessed in any particular case.
  • the torsional link between the foil 14 and mast 26 eliminates any complication or entanglement of these means of attitude positioning and control since they rotate in unison to any directional heading, including multi-rotational weathervaning. Also, the ability of the foil 14 to weathervane as above-described coincidentally places the required portion of its drag towards its trailing edge 22.
  • the above-described support or connection of the foil 14 to the mast 26 need not however be a direct connection.
  • the foil could be connected to a sleeve or some other member in turn supported by the mast and capable of free or at least multi-rotational movement with respect to the mast.
  • the mast itself would not need to be capable of actual rotation with respect to the boat or other support.
  • the term mast as used herein and including the claims of this application is used in a broad sense which would include such an intermediate member such as a sleeve, etc., in other words, the mast supports the foil for multi-rotational movement.
  • a continuous sheet 40 is attached to the spar 15 some distance behind the cross bar 24.
  • the bight or loop of this sheet 40 passes over a fairlead 41 opening to the rear and mounted on opposite sides of a hull rail 43 to the rear of the position of the mast 26 and thence to a retractor (not shown) attached to the mast and elastically drawing the sheet slack to the lower portion of the mast.
  • the sheet 40 control forces are minimized.
  • the aerodynamic lift forces applied to the foil 14 are also generally laterally balanced about its longitudinal axis of lateral symmetry because its pivotal mount is centrally located on this axis.
  • the foil may, however, be purposely unbalanced to enable aerodynamic leveling as for instance shown in Figs. 15-17.
  • a minimum force is required to mechanically induce a leveling or horizontal-seeking lateral attitude towards which the foil tends to return when otherwise unconstrained, i.e., by the force application to the control sheet 40 in either direction. Force application is accomplished simply by the operator grasping and pulling the appropriate side of the sheet and released by the operator flipping the sheet aftward to clear the sheet from the fairleads 41.
  • a self-leveling assembly 42 is provided such that the foil when otherwise unconstrained will seek a rest, level, or luffing attitude generally normal to the mast 26 and parallel with the direction of wind force.
  • level, leveling, etc. as used herein means in a preselected attitude with respect to the mast which is generally but not necessarily normal thereto.
  • Such leveling system 42 includes a V-shaped yoke 44 attached to opposite sides of the cross bar 24 by means of sleeves 46.
  • the apex 46 of such yoke 42 is attached to a cord 48 extending into the hollow interior of the mast 26 through an opening 50 proximal the yoke apex 46 when the foil 14 is in the normal rest attitude.
  • the cord 48 is connected in turn to a spring 52 mounted in the interior of the mast 26 and, accordingly, the cord 48 serves to place a continual downward and inward force upon the yoke 42.
  • the cord 48 could be an elastic cord commonly referred to as a "shock cord”.
  • the term spring encompasses members which apply a spring-like force, e.g., spring reels, cylinders, etc. It may be thus apparent that when the foil 14 assumes a lateral tilt with respect to the mast such as shown in Fig. 5 that the downward force applied thereto by the self-leveling means 42 tends to return the foil to its level or rest position shown in Fig. 4.
  • cord includes flexible tensile members, e.g., flexible joined links, e.g., chain, wire cable, and the like.
  • the self-leveling means may also be integral with the connection of the foil 14 to the mast as by incorporation of a leveling spring therein (see Fig. 20), connected with the foil as described with regard to the system 42 above or separate but in operational contact as with the self-leveling means 60 illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9.
  • a leveling spring therein (see Fig. 20)
  • the cross bar 24 of the foil is pivotally connected to the mast 26 by a pin 62 extending to opposite sides of a bifurcated upper mast terminus.
  • a sleeve 64 is adapted for slidable movement on the mast from a point proximate a fixed collar 66 to a point proximate the pivotal connection with the cross bar 24.
  • a compressed coil spring 68 is disposed between the collar and the sleeve so as to continually urge the sleeve upwardly where a pair of arms 70 upwardly outwardly extending from the sleeve 64 are adapted to respectively contact opposite sides of the cross bar 24 dependent on the tilt attitude thereof so as to continually urge such to a level position.
  • the sleeve 64 is similarly forced to move downwardly against the action of the spring 68.
  • self-leveling means 42 as well as self-leveling means 60 have been illustrated as disposed below the position at which the foil is supported by the mast, there is no reason to limit such disposition since the self-leveling means could be positioned above the foil in those cases where the mast projects a suitable distance abovethefoil connection. In such cases, the self-leveling means 42 woutd be in effect mounted upside down in the mast projection and the sleeve 64 of the self-leveling means 60 mounted above the cross bar 24. Similar adjustments can be made for other forms of foil leveling and limiting systems that will hereinafter be described.
  • the present foil system provides an inherent mechanism by which the wind force acting upon the foil can be immediately and automatically be shut off regardless of wind orientation as by disengaging the sheet 40 from the fairlead being used and upon which it will assume its rest or luffing position. Such is important especially in mooring or making landings in cramped quarters or in difficult wind circumstances.
  • the present foil can shut off its sail power in any directional heading and in widely veering winds simply by releasing the sheet so that the foil automatically levels to its weathervane or rest position.
  • a tilt limiting system 76 such as shown in Figs. 10 through 12 of the drawings.
  • Such system includes a sleeve 78 slidably supported on the mast 26 but fixed in position with respect thereto in a manner which will be hereinafter indicated.
  • the sleeve includes a vertically extending open slot 80 on one side thereof.
  • a series of vertically aligned, spaced bolts outwardly extend from the surface of the mast 26.
  • These bolts 82 are oriented with respect to the slot 80 such that the sleeve 78 may slide up and down on the mast but will not rotate with respect thereto inasmuch as the contact between the heads of the bolts 82 and the opposed edges of the sleeve 78 which form the slot 80 prevents such action.
  • the sleeve 78 is further provided with a pair of upwardly outwardly extending tubular arms 84, each of where terminates in a headed portion 86.
  • the head 86 which is preferably formed of some shock absorbing material such as a high density foamed polymer includes a concave saddle 87 which is adapted to contact the cross member 24 in such a manner so as to limit its downward tilt, or in those cases wherein the tilt limiting mechanism 76 is mounted on a mast portion extending above the foil - then limiting its upward possible tilt.
  • the bolts 82 serve as markers such that the degree of tilt may be readily determined by the position of the sleeve vis-a-vis the bolts 82; and, accordingly, the desired position of the tilt limiting system 76 calibrated according to wind conditions, position of the boat, and experience of its operator.
  • the sleeve may be set within the desired predetermined limits by a line 88 which is secured at one end thereof to the sleeve 78 preferably at the rear side thereof, that is, opposite the slot 80 as through an eyelet 90 and thence to a directional change eyelet 92 mounted above the highest desired position of the sleeve and thence downwardly to a conventional attachment point such as a cleat (not shown) mounted on the lower portion of the mast 26.
  • the cross bar 24 is, as in the previous embodiment described in connection with Figs. 1 through 5, pivotally connected to the mast 26 via a sleeve 28 which in turn includes a rearwardly extending stub 30 which is connected on the other side of the mast by a fastening device such at the lock washer 33 shown.
  • a strut 34 is utilized to adjustably restrict rotation of the cross bar 24 with respect to the sleeve 28 (longitudinal or pitch rotation); however, means such as pins (not shown) may extend through the sleeve into the cross bar to lock the two together and thus prevent this added rotational motion if not desired.
  • pitch rotation means such as collars, pins and the like may be used to restrict lateral sliding movement of the cross bar relative to the sleeve.
  • lateral sliding motion can be desirable (see, e.g., Figs. 15-17).
  • FIG. 13 and 14 of the drawings an alternate form of a self-leveling system 96 is depicted.
  • Such system includes lines 98 and 99 connected at opposite free ends thereof to the cross bar 24 at locations outwardly spaced from its pivotal connection with the mast 26.
  • the lines pass through openings 100 provided on opposite sides of the mast 26 and over rollers 102 and thence downwardly to a ring 104 to which the other ends of these lines are attached as by whipping 105.
  • the ring in turn is attached by means of a rod 106 to a spring 108 all internally mounted within the mast 26 so as to place a predetermined amount of downward tension upon the lines 98 and 99 so as to continually urge the cross bar 24 and thus the foil mounted thereon to its rest position in an attitude normal to the mast 26.
  • a spring 108 all internally mounted within the mast 26 so as to place a predetermined amount of downward tension upon the lines 98 and 99 so as to continually urge the cross bar 24 and thus the foil mounted thereon to its rest position in an attitude normal to the mast 26.
  • a control line 110 is additionally attached to the ring 104 and passes outwardly of the mast 26 through an opening 112 provided for such purpose.
  • the other end of the control line 110 can be fixed to a cleat or other attachment device (not shown) on the mast, and in such manner the amount of slack and or tension in either line can be selectively limited to the extent desired.
  • a tilt limiting mechanism 116 is depicted.
  • the cross bar 24 is slidably supported within a sleeve 118, in turn pivotally fixed to the mast 26.
  • the sleeve 118 includes a downwardly extending tab 120 having an opening provided therethrough and adapted to fit within an open-ended slot 122 provided in the bifurcated end of the mast 26.
  • a pin 124 extends through openings provided in the bifurcated end as well as through the opening provided in the tab 120. It may thus be apparent that the cross bar 24 is supported on the mast 26 for pivotal or torsional movement as in some of the previously described embodiments.
  • a hollow sleeve 126 is supported by the mast 26 and is slidably adjustable to a variety of fixed positions therealong.
  • Lines 128 of equal fixed length are attached at opposite ends respectively to the sleeve 126 and to the cross bar 24.
  • the cross bar 24 is then forced by the length of the then uppermost line (the left line as shown in Fig. 16) to slide downwardly to the right relative to the tube 118 until it reaches a point where one of the lines 128 is taut or the sleeve 118 contacts some limiting means such as the collars 129 shown.
  • a still further alternate fornm of a self-leveling system 136 is depicted.
  • Such system has particular utility with lighter rigs such as may be fashioned for use with a hand supported and manipulated foil, i.e., for use with sailboards or wind surfers and the like, although not limited to such use.
  • a foil 14 as utilized in the previous embodiments and including a cross bar 24, may be utilized.
  • the foil 14 is manipulated by a handheld generally U-shaped bar 138 which is fixedly connected to the cross bar 24 at intermediate locations on opposite sides of its connection to the mast 26.
  • the mast 26 is in turn generally supported in a somewhat forward position in the sailboard 140 by means of a cowl 142 preferably of inverted conical shape and permitting the mast 26 to angularly tilt with regard to the upper surface 144 of the sailboard.
  • the mast 26 may be stepped into the cowl 142 in any acceptable manner and, accordingly, able to assume a tilt within the limits of the sidewalls of the cowl 142 in a full 360° path.
  • the sailboard 140 is also conventionally provided with a centerboard 146 and a stabilizing fixed rudder 148.
  • the cowl 142 may assume the configuration of a longitudinally elongated slot of width just slightly greater than the mast such that only forward and reverse tilt is permitted.
  • cross bar 24 is connected to the mast 26 in the self-leveling system 136 under consideration.
  • the cross bar 24 is rotationally supported within a sleeve 150 and additionally slidable therein within the limits defined by the collars 152 fixedly connected to the cross bar 24 at locations slightly spaced from the ends of the sleeve 150 in order that some lateral play of the cross bar 24 with respect to the sleeve 150 is afforded for a purpose which will hereinafter be apparent.
  • the bottom of the sleeve 150 is provided with an elongated open slot 154 which in turn is adapted to rest upon the upper surface of a plug 156 which includes a downwardly extending boss portion which fits into the upper open end of the tubular mast 26.
  • the plug 156 includes a central bore 160 in which a rod 162 is positioned for vertical slidable movement with respect thereto.
  • the lower surface of the plug boss 158 is provided with a washer 164 against which the upper end of a spring 166 abuts.
  • the lower end of the spring similarly contacts a washer 168 adjustably held in a fixed position relative to the rod 162 by means of a nut 170 threaded on the threaded lower terminal end 172 of the rod 162.
  • the force of the spring 166 continually urges the rod 162 downwardly into the open upper end of the mast 26.
  • the upper end of the rod 162 terminates in an eyelet 174 through which a pin 176 extends through the sleeve 150 so as to position the upper end of the rod within the hollow interior of the sleeve 150.
  • the foil 14, however, may be manipulated in a number of directional attitudes vis-a-vis the mast 26 either by the effect.of wind upon the foil or by manipulation of the control bar 138 by the rider or a combination of both. It, accordingly, will be apparent that the cross bar 24 can be tilted to assume the position shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 20 or any intermediate position by force application thereupon by the control bar 138. When such is accomplished, the lower end of the sleeve 150 contacts the rounded plug surface 156; and at the same time, the rod 162 is vertically extended upwardly so as to compress the spring 166.
  • the outer ends of the sleeve 150 are slightly spaced from the collars 152 such that such tilting action does not cause interference contact between the outer ends of the sleeve and the collars 152.
  • This tilting action may assume various angular displacements and in a full rotational directional, that is, the foil 14 is free to rotate with respect to the mast 26 at the upper end thereof by frictional contact on the plug 156 when such rotational force is brought about either by manipulation of the control bar 138 or by wind force application to the foil 14 or any combination thereof.
  • the cross bar 24 does not extend entirely through the sleeve 150 but comprises of stubs 180 secured to the inside surface of the sleeve 150 by conventional means such as the inclusion of expandable ring 182 adapted to extend into a circular seat 184 formed in the inside surface of the sleeve.
  • Other conventional means may be utilized, however, to insure the connection of the stub ends of the cross bar 24 in the sleeve 150.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Claims (21)

1. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem, um Energie von einem sich bewegenden Strömungsmittelmedium einem tragenden Körper mitzuteilen, welcher seinerseits durch ein anderes als das sich bewegende Strömungsmittelmedium getragen ist, wobei das System eine insgesamt seitlich symmetrische Strömungsmittelfolie (14) aufweist, die längs einer Längsachse der Folie mit einem Mast (26) verbunden ist, um im wesentlichen seitlich in jeder Richtung in Bezug auf den Mast um die Längsachse zu kippen, wobei die Folie zur Drehbewegung relativ zum Körper rund um die Mastachse angeordnet ist, und eine betriebliche Steuereinrichtung (40), um die Folie in verschiedenartige Kipplagen zu bewegen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Folie zur freien Drehbewegung relativ zum Körper um 360° angeordnet ist, und daß eine Selbst-Horizontierungseinrichtung (42) zwischen der Folie und dem Mast angesetzt ist, um automatisch die Folie dann, wenn sie von der betrieblichen Steuereinrichtung frei ist, in eine horizontale Ruhelage zurückzuführen, in welcher im wesentlichen keine Kraft mitgeteilt wird.
2. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Längsachse die Achse der seitlichem Symmetrie der Folie ist.
3. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Mast vom Körper für die freie Drehbewegung relativ zum Körper um 360° an einem Punkt abgestützt ist, der einen Abstand zur Verbindung der Folie hiermit aufweist.
4. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Längslage der Folie einstellbar in einer Lage festgelegt ist, die allgemein parallel zur Strömungsrichtung des Strömungsmittelmediums liegt.
5. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach jedem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Folie im allgemeinen an ihrem Schwerpunkt in Bezug auf den Mast angeordnet ist.
6. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach jedem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Selbst-Horizontierungseinrichtung eine Feder (52) aufweist, um die Folie automatisch in ihre Ruhelage zurückzuführen, wenn sie von anderen Zwangswirkungen frei ist.
7. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach jedem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, mit einer von der Selbst-Horizontierungseinrichtung getrennten Einrichtung (76), um das Ausmaß der seitlichen Kippbewegung zu begrenzen, welches die Folie aufweisen kann.
8. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kipp-Begrenzungseinrichtung am Mast angebracht ist, um das Ausmaß der möglichen Folienkippung zwischen bestimmten Grenzen in Abhängigkeit von der Lage der Begrenzungseinrichtung in Bezug auf den Mast einzustellen.
9. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Kipp-Begrenzungseinrichtung eine Hülse (78) aufweist, die am Mast angeordnet ist und zwischen festliegenden Lagen in Bezug hierauf einstellbar ist, die Hülse ein Paar sich auswärts erstreckender Arme (84) aufweist, die jeweils in einem Kopf enden, der dazu eingerichtet ist, jeweils mit einem Abschnitt einer die Folie tragenden Querstange (24) in Abhängigkeit von der Kippung in Eingriff zu treten, die von der Folie in Bezug auf den Mast eingenommen wird, und somit deren mögliche maximale Kippung zu begrenzen, und der Mast frei drehbar und die Hülse zusammen mit der Mast drehbar ist, um die ständige Ausrichtung und die mögliche Berührung zwischen den Köpfen und den Querstangenabschnitten sicherzustellen.
10. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Hülse einen offenen vertikalen Schlitz (80) aufweist, in welcher eine Einrichtung (82), die sich vom Mast auswärts erstreckt, dazu eingerichtet ist, so in Eingriff zu treten, daß der Mast und die Hülse sich einheitlich drehen.
11. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach jedem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, mit einer tragenden Querstange (24), welche ihrerseits ein starres Joch (44) aufweist, das in einem Scheitel fern der Folienverbindung mit dem Mast endet, einer Federeinrichtung (52), die im Mast angebracht ist, und einer Einrichtung, die den Jochscheitel mit der Federeinrichtung verbindet, um automatisch die Folie in ihre Ruhelage zurückzuführen, wenn sie von anderen Zwangswirkungen freigegeben ist.
12. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach Anspruch 11, wobei die Federeinrichtung ein längbares Elastikseil ist, das mit dem Mast bzw. dem Joch verbunden ist.
13. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach Anspruch 11, wobei die Federeinrichtung eine Spiralfeder (52) ist, die im Mast angebracht und mit den Joch durch eine Leine (48) verbunden ist, welche mit der Feder an ihrem einen Ende verbunden ist und sich durch eine Öffnung erstreckt, die im Mast ausgebildet ist, wobei die Öffnung nahe dem Jochscheitel angeordnet ist, wenn dieser in der Ruhelage der Folie eingetrimmt ist.
14. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach jedem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Folie eine tragende Querstange (24) aufweist, die schwenkbar mit dem Mast verbunden ist, die Selbst-Horizontierungseinrichtung eine Hülse (64) aufweist, die vertikal verschieblich am Mast angebracht ist und ständig gegen die Querstange mittels einer Federeinrichtung (68) gedrückt wird, und die Hülse ein Paar sich auswärts erstreckenden Arme (70) aufweist, die zur Berührung mit der Querstange an Abschnitten dieser auf den gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Mastverbindung in Abhängigkeit von der Kippung hiervon eingerichtet sind, um ständig die Folie in ihre Ruhelage zu drücken.
15. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach jedem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, wobei die Folie eine tragende Querstange (24) aufweist, die vom Mast mittels einer Hülse (118) getragen ist, durch welche sich die Querstange erstreckt und welche schwenkbar mit dem Mast verbunden ist, und wobei die Querstange seitlich in der Hülse innerhalb Grenzen verschieblich ist und die Selbst-Horizontierungseinrichtung teilweise die Grenzen bestimmt.
16. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach jedem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, wobei die Folie eine tragende Querstange aufweist, die schwenkbar mit dem Mast verbunden ist, und die Selbst-Horizontierungseinrichtung ein Paar Leinen (96) aufweist, die fest an dem einen Ende hiervon mit der Querstange und Abschnitten hiervon auf jeder Seite der Verbindung verbunden sind und sich in den Mast hinein erstrecken, wo ihre anderen Enden mit einer Federeinrichtung (108) verbunden sind, die im Mast angebracht ist.
17. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach Anspruch 16, wobei die Spannung der Federeinrichtung einstellbar festgelegt ist.
18. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach jedem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Steuereinrichtung eine von Hand betätigbare Stange (138) ist, die ihrerseits mit der Folie verbunden ist.
19. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach Anspruch 18, wobei die Folie eine tragende Querstange aufweist, die Querstange an der Oberseite des Masts mittels der Selbst-Horizontierungseinrichtung angebracht ist, und die Querstange imstande ist, in Bezug auf den Mast voll um 360° zu kippen.
20. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach Anspruch 19, wobei die Querstange getragen und eingerichtet ist, in Reibungseingriff mit einem Stopfen (156) zu treten, der in der offenen Oberseite des Masts angeordnet ist, und der Stopfen eine Bohrung (160) aufweist, durch welche sich eine nach unten federvorgespannte Stange (162) erstreckt und mit der Querstange verbunden ist.
21. Strömungsmittel-Foliensystem nach jedem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Folie dazu eingerichtet ist, eine Bewegung in Bezug auf den Mast in drei Richtungen durchzuführen, d.h. in Drehrichtung, seitlicher Kipprichtung und Längs-Kipprichtung.
EP82902129A 1981-05-26 1982-05-25 Wind-flügelsystem Expired EP0079949B1 (de)

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AT82902129T ATE23830T1 (de) 1981-05-26 1982-05-25 Wind-fluegelsystem.

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Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2122561B (en) * 1982-07-01 1986-02-05 Gaastra International Sailmake Sailboard
FR2544275A1 (fr) * 1983-04-18 1984-10-19 Saez Jean Voilure articulee et triangulee pour la propulsion des bateaux
WO1985002158A1 (en) * 1983-11-07 1985-05-23 Deratz Stephen F Rig for sailing craft
FR2580253A1 (fr) * 1985-04-11 1986-10-17 Lemoine Bruno Greement libre anti-gite a aile symetrique dans le sens de l'envergure
FR2592359A1 (fr) * 1985-12-31 1987-07-03 Frappat Jean Louis Greement d'engin a voile, notamment de planche a voile.
FR2628698A1 (fr) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-22 Salaun Jean Yves Voilier de vitesse a voilure sustentatrice
FR2649068A1 (fr) * 1989-06-29 1991-01-04 Baud Barthelemy Dispositif de voile a inclinaison variable avec rappel elastique pour un bateau
FR2712561B1 (fr) * 1993-11-17 1996-02-09 Gardelle Jean Marc Système de propulsion à voile pour embarcation.
DE10103135A1 (de) * 2001-01-24 2002-08-22 Werner Lamprecht Windsurfdreiecksegel-Rigg
FR2824483B1 (fr) * 2001-05-10 2004-02-13 Jean Claude Xerri Dispositif permettant a un nageur de se deplacer plus vite dans un milieu aquatique grace a un equipement muni d'une voile et installe sur le dos du nageur
ITBO20050567A1 (it) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-17 Lucio Acciaccaferri Attrezzatura velica

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US929217A (en) * 1908-01-31 1909-07-27 Oscar Heeren Aeroplane.
US1348912A (en) * 1919-12-05 1920-08-10 Willis C Ward Boat-sail
US2170914A (en) * 1935-01-14 1939-08-29 Rummler Rudow Rigging
US3140842A (en) * 1961-03-17 1964-07-14 Ryan Aeronautical Co Flexible wing aircraft
FR1484739A (fr) * 1966-04-28 1967-06-16 Gréement pivotant utilisant une voilure aérodynamique basculante
US4158448A (en) * 1976-09-14 1979-06-19 Matsuji Mochizuki Airplane with pivotable wing

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EP0079949A1 (de) 1983-06-01
EP0079949A4 (de) 1983-09-26
WO1982004236A1 (en) 1982-12-09

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