EP0078352B1 - Verfahren zum Expandieren von Schnittabak - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Expandieren von Schnittabak Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0078352B1
EP0078352B1 EP19810305197 EP81305197A EP0078352B1 EP 0078352 B1 EP0078352 B1 EP 0078352B1 EP 19810305197 EP19810305197 EP 19810305197 EP 81305197 A EP81305197 A EP 81305197A EP 0078352 B1 EP0078352 B1 EP 0078352B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
moisture content
moisture
process according
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19810305197
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0078352A1 (de
Inventor
Roger Z. De La Burde
Francis V. Utsch
Patrick E. Aument
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris Products Inc
Original Assignee
Philip Morris USA Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philip Morris USA Inc filed Critical Philip Morris USA Inc
Priority to EP19810305197 priority Critical patent/EP0078352B1/de
Publication of EP0078352A1 publication Critical patent/EP0078352A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0078352B1 publication Critical patent/EP0078352B1/de
Priority to MY8700901A priority patent/MY8700901A/xx
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for expanding cut tobacco in which tobacco is wetted with water to a moisture content OV-basis of at least 30% and the moisture is allowed to penetrate through the tobacco, the moist tobacco is dried for a period of a few seconds in a turbulent steam atmosphere to reduce the moisture content to less than that required for processing and the dried tobacco is then remoisturized to a moisture content desired for processing.
  • US-A-3 734 104 discloses a process of this kind which is, however, applied to tobacco stems.
  • the cell structure of the stems allows expansion to be achieved by the simple evaporation of moisture so that increases in filling power of 60% or more are achieved even with an exit OV value close to 10%.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the tobacco is tobacco lamina filled to effect expansion by vaporization of the moisture the drying temperature is not less than 232°C and the drying conditions are such that the moisture content of the dried tobacco is less than 3%.
  • EP-A-0 073 137 which was published on 2nd March 1983 and has a priority date of 20th August 1981 discloses a process of increasing the filling power of tobacco lamina filler which uses water as the only expansion agent.
  • the filler which has an initial OV value of 8% to 28%, is rapidly and uniformly heated by contact with a gas containing at least 50% of steam at a temperature of at least 232°C for a contact time of 0.1 to 6 seconds.
  • the final OV value is preferably less than 3%.
  • oven volatiles is the percent weight loss of tobacco in a circulating air oven in three hours at 100°C. OV is used herein to mean the "moisture content" of the tobacco.
  • filling power is the ability of the material to provide a firm rod.
  • the filling power is the minimum weight of tobacco which will produce a tobacco rod of specified dimensions and firmness and may be measured as the volume occupied by a specified weight of filler in an upright cylinder when a specified piston weight is applied to its top surface, as set forth in "Filling Volume of Cut Tobacco and Cigarette Hardness", H. Wakeham, et al., Tobacco Science xx: 164-167, 1976. Standard equilibrium conditions for measurement of filling power are usually 60% relative humidity (RH) at 75°F (23.9°C).
  • cylinder volume is a measurement of filling power and is determined by placing 10.0 grams of filler in a standard metal cylinder, 3.358 cm. in diameter, and vibrating the assembly for one-half minute to settle the tobacco column. The tobacco is then compressed under a piston weighing 1875 grams and having a diameter of 3.335 cm, for five minutes and the volume reading is then taken. The standard deviation of the cylinder volume measurement is about 1.5%.
  • the moisture content of the tobacco is from 30% to 80%, although moisture contents within the range of 30% to 40% are effectively employed. Moisture contents of 60% to 80% may be effectively employed, but penetration or bulking time will probably increase and drying the tobacco within the desired times and to the desired post-treatment moisture levels will be more expensive and time consuming.
  • the moisture be allowed to substantially uniformly penetrate and be distributed or dispersed throughout the cellular structure of the tobacco being processed, although homogeneous dispersion is not required.
  • the bulking penetration time for satisfactory penetration will depend upon batch size and upon the means of addition of the water and the desired economics. Employing a rotary cylinder and a fine mist spray or other conventional mixing system known in the art for incorporating additives, a penetration time of 4 hours or somewhat less will be sufficient, as is further illustrated in Example 5.
  • the primary criterion is that the time of penetration be sufficient to allow the moisture to be distributed within and absorbed by the tobacco cellular structure of substantial portions of the tobacco.
  • the overwetted tobacco is bulked from about 1/4 hour to about 4 hours.
  • the tobacco is overdried in a period of a few seconds in a turbulent steam atmosphere.
  • Rapid drying of the tobacco preferably within less than 5 seconds, in a turbulent steam atmosphere to a moisture content of less than 3% expands the tobacco as the moisture rapidly escapes the tobacco cellular structure.
  • the cellular structure of the tobacco fibers thereupon stiffen to retain the expanded nature of the tobacco during remoisturization to normal processing moisture contents of about 12% to 21%. Drying to a moisture content of 2% to 3% is particularly preferred. Steam drying versus air drying produces substantial gains in filling power as will be noted from Example 2.
  • a high turbulence drying unit such as a Proctor & Schwartz dispersion dryer, or a Jetstream@ dryer or other equivalent drying tower, capable of producing a turbulent atmosphere high in steam content, may be utilized.
  • the proportion of steam in the turbulent steam drying atmosphere is desirably at least about 60% and preferably at least about 80% although steam contents of about 60% to about 70% can be effectively employed.
  • the treatment temperature that is, the temperature of the turbulent steam atmosphere in the drying unit
  • the moisture content of the overwetted tobacco may be reduced to less than about 5% to produce economically significant increases in filling power. Rapid drying in a turbulent steam atmosphere at a treatment temperature of at least about 316°C, and preferably from about 316°C to about 330°C provides substantial increases in filling power.
  • treatment temperatures of about 121°C provide little useful increase in filling power; temperatures from about 149°C to about 204°C provide perceptible gains in filling power; temperatures from about 232°C to about 288°C provide moderate increases in filling power, and temperature of from about 288°C to about 316°C provide significant increases in filling power.
  • turbulent steam atmospheres having temperatures as high as 500°C. may be successfully utilized.
  • the tobacco is preferably remoisturized under mild conditions, by means and processes well known in the industry for reordering tobacco, such as cylinder reordering, to achieve a processing moisture content of about 12%.
  • the reordering should be at a moderate rate to prevent loss of expanded fiber rigidity.
  • Example 2 50 pounds of bright filler were moisturized and bulked as in Example 1. Samples of the overwetted filler were processed in a steam atmosphere in a high turbulence drying tower at 121°C, 149°C, 177°C, 204°C, 232°C, 260°C. 288°C, 316°C and 330°C in a time period of 4 seconds or less. The results are summarized in Table 3 below and illustrate the significant gains in filling power which are achieved by overdrying the overwetted tobacco at elevated temperatures in a turbulent steam atmosphere.
  • Example 1 Fifty pounds of bright filler were moisturized and equilibrated as in Example 1. The filler was allowed to bulk, and portions were removed after 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 24 hours of bulking. The 7 sample portions were rapidly dried in a tower containing a turbulent steam atmosphere at 316°C. The results are summarized in Table 5 below.
  • Example 1 Fifty pounds of bright filler were processed as in Example 1. The processed filler, after reordering, had a filling power of 56 cc/10g, corrected to 12% moisture. Cigarettes were made in which 15% of the conventional filler was replaced by the processed filler and the subjective qualities of these cigarettes were compared with those of standard production cigarettes. There were no major subjective differences and the cigarettes containing the 15% expanded tobacco were found to be equally satisfying and to have full flavor.

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  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zum Expandieren von Schnittabak, bei dem man den Tabak mit Wasser bis auf einen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt von mindestens 30% (OV-Basis) befeuchtet und die Feuchtigkeit den Tabak durchdringen lässt, den feuchten Tabak wenige Sekunden in einer turbulenten Dampfatmosphäre trocknet, um den Feuchtigkeitsgehalt auf weniger als den Betrag zu erniedrigen, der für die Verarbeitung notwendig ist, und dann den getrocktneten Tabak auf einen für die Verarbeitung erwünschten Feuchtigkeitswert rückfeuchtet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tabak Laminarfüller ist und die Expansion durch Verdampfung der Feuchtigkeit bei Trocknungstemperaturen von nicht weniger als 232°C erfolgt und die Trocknungsbedingungen so sind, dass der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des getrockneten Tabaks weniger als 3% beträgt.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tabak auf einen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt von 30 bis 80% befeuchtet wird.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tabak innerhalb von 5 Sekunden getrocknet wird.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tabak auf einen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt von 30 bis 40% befeuchtet wird, die Temperatur 232°C bis 370°C beträgt und die turbulente Dampfatmosphäre mindestens 60% Dampf enthält.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur 232°C bis 288°C beträgt.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur 288°C bis 316°C beträgt.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur 316°C bis 330°C beträgt.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dampfenthaltende Atmosphäre mindestens 60% Dampf enthält.
EP19810305197 1981-10-30 1981-10-30 Verfahren zum Expandieren von Schnittabak Expired EP0078352B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19810305197 EP0078352B1 (de) 1981-10-30 1981-10-30 Verfahren zum Expandieren von Schnittabak
MY8700901A MY8700901A (en) 1981-10-30 1987-12-30 Process for expanding cut tobbaco

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19810305197 EP0078352B1 (de) 1981-10-30 1981-10-30 Verfahren zum Expandieren von Schnittabak

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0078352A1 EP0078352A1 (de) 1983-05-11
EP0078352B1 true EP0078352B1 (de) 1986-06-18

Family

ID=8188443

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810305197 Expired EP0078352B1 (de) 1981-10-30 1981-10-30 Verfahren zum Expandieren von Schnittabak

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0078352B1 (de)
MY (1) MY8700901A (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8315987D0 (en) * 1983-06-10 1983-07-13 British American Tobacco Co Expansion of tobacco
BR8405828A (pt) * 1983-11-16 1985-09-17 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Processo para produzir um teor em umidade de tabaco expandido
WO2015098743A1 (ja) * 2013-12-26 2015-07-02 日本たばこ産業株式会社 たばこ材料の製造方法及びその製造方法により製造されたたばこ材料

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2596183A (en) * 1944-12-02 1952-05-13 American Mach & Foundry Method for increasing the volume of shredded tobacco
US3357436A (en) * 1964-08-26 1967-12-12 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Apparatus for drying tobacco
BE790758A (fr) * 1971-11-04 1973-02-15 Philip Morris Inc Procede pour augmenter le volume des tiges de tabac
CA1047352A (en) * 1975-09-05 1979-01-30 Eugene Glock Method and apparatus for increasing the filling capacity of shredded tobacco tissue
GB1604024A (en) * 1977-09-03 1981-12-02 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Method and apparatus for increasing the filling property of fibres of tobacco or another smokable material
US4167191A (en) * 1977-09-27 1979-09-11 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Tobacco drying process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MY8700901A (en) 1987-12-31
EP0078352A1 (de) 1983-05-11

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