EP0077036B1 - Binding agent compositions - Google Patents
Binding agent compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0077036B1 EP0077036B1 EP82109302A EP82109302A EP0077036B1 EP 0077036 B1 EP0077036 B1 EP 0077036B1 EP 82109302 A EP82109302 A EP 82109302A EP 82109302 A EP82109302 A EP 82109302A EP 0077036 B1 EP0077036 B1 EP 0077036B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- silicon
- bonded
- binding agent
- alkyl
- ureido
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- -1 e.g. Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical class OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005001 aminoaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005026 carboxyaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005352 carboxycycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004966 cyanoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002944 cyanoaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005347 halocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical group [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- FYBYQXQHBHTWLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(silyloxysilyloxy)silane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH2]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] FYBYQXQHBHTWLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RSNQKPMXXVDJFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] RSNQKPMXXVDJFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000001951 carbamoylamino group Chemical group C(N)(=O)N* 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical class [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- GTCAXTIRRLKXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl carbamate Chemical compound COC(N)=O GTCAXTIRRLKXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LMTWQLGAIBXCTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-phenylphenyl) carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LMTWQLGAIBXCTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXKKZCYRNPHNSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-carbamoyloxyphenyl) carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OC1=CC=C(OC(N)=O)C=C1 NXKKZCYRNPHNSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAOOVUTXOZVQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methylphenyl) carbamate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(OC(N)=O)C=C1 CAOOVUTXOZVQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004955 1,4-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004201 2,4-dichlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(Cl)C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FONCADNOZFBHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carbamoyloxyethyl carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OCCOC(N)=O FONCADNOZFBHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GGZBCIDSFGUWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]-n-methylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CNCCC[Si](C)(OC)OC GGZBCIDSFGUWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYAASQNKCWTPKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCN ZYAASQNKCWTPKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONWSHWFYPNZPAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbamoyloxybutyl carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OCCCCOC(N)=O ONWSHWFYPNZPAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004801 4-cyanophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(C#N)=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004202 aminomethyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FTQBCLLIUGWMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-J barium(2+) carbonate sulfate Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ba+2].C([O-])([O-])=O.[Ba+2] FTQBCLLIUGWMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005111 carboxyalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004651 chloromethoxy group Chemical group ClCO* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- JNGZXGGOCLZBFB-IVCQMTBJSA-N compound E Chemical compound N([C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(N(C)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1)=O)C(=O)CC1=CC(F)=CC(F)=C1 JNGZXGGOCLZBFB-IVCQMTBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005159 cyanoalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UKJLNMAFNRKWGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexatrienamine Chemical group NC1=CC=C=C[CH]1 UKJLNMAFNRKWGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VNQYTCSAEOVOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylcarbamic acid;phenyl carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1.OC(=O)NC1CCCCC1 VNQYTCSAEOVOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940052303 ethers for general anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003106 haloaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005113 hydroxyalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001261 isocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=O 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043265 methyl isobutyl ketone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940032007 methylethyl ketone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- YNTOKMNHRPSGFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl carbamate Chemical compound CCCOC(N)=O YNTOKMNHRPSGFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZHGIUCYKGFIPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M n-butylcarbamate Chemical compound CCCCNC([O-])=O ZZHGIUCYKGFIPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005009 perfluoropropyl group Chemical group FC(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006235 reinforcing carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004029 silicic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940074411 xylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/20—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents
- B22C1/205—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of organic silicon or metal compounds, other organometallic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/40—Compounds containing silicon, titanium or zirconium or other organo-metallic compounds; Organo-clays; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B24/42—Organo-silicon compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/544—Silicon-containing compounds containing nitrogen
- C08K5/5455—Silicon-containing compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one group
Definitions
- This invention relates to binding agent compositions having especially good shelf life which can be used with inorganic fillers or oxides, such as foundry sand, for the purpose of imparting improved strength to shapes, such as foundry molds or cores, made therefrom.
- the invention also relates to inorganic oxide compositions, such as foundry sand compositions, containing the inorganic oxide, the improved binding agent composition and catalysts for said binding agent.
- the invention also relates to certain unreido- functional organosilicon compounds having use in binding agent compositions for foundry sands.
- aminoalkyl trialkoxysilanes such as y-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, improve the adherence of thermosetting resins to inorganic oxide materials. It is furthermore known that these aminosilanes can be mixed with thermosetting phenolic resins and then the resulting mixtures can be mixed directly with sands or other inorganic oxide material to be shaped and solidified (DE-AS No. 1,252,853 and DE-PS No. 1,494,381).
- N-(aminoalkyl)-aminoalkylsilanes as adhesion improvers between thermosetting resins and inorganic oxide material is also known. These compounds are used in the same manner as the above-mentioned aminosilanes in which there is no substitution on the nitrogen atom (U.S. Pat. No. 3,234,159).
- aminosilanes which are not substituted on the nitrogen atom and those which are substituted by aminoalkyl groups, all of which are referred to hereinafter as aminosilanes, improve the adhesion of thermosetting phenolic resins to inorganic oxide substances to virtually the same degree when they are mixed with the resins. This improvement of adhesion, however, diminishes in the course of time if these aminosilane-containing resins are stored for a relatively long time at room temperature.
- U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,671,562; 3,754,971 and 4,046,794 disclose ureido-functional organosilicon compounds and the use of same as coupling agents on inorganic substrates such as glass, clay, silica, hydrated silica, fumed silica, sand, e.g., foundry sand.
- R is an alkylene radical containing at least 3 carbon atoms and at least 1 nitrogen atom therein bonded to each (H2NCO+ to form at least one free valence of is bonded to an alkylene carbon atom of R, any other free valences thereof are bonded to either hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, and the like; any nitrogen in R is separated from silicon by at least three sequential carbon atoms; and n is at least 1 and typically not greater than about 3.
- Said compounds, as aqueous solution of the hydrolysates can be coupling agents in fiber glass for further reaction with thermosetting and/or thermoplastic resins.
- the stability of the composites obtained, especially in hot water, is not very good.
- organofunctional silanes are widely used as additives to polymerizable resins to provide improved adhesion of the resin to substrates and to improve the physical properties of composites prepared from the resin and fibrous and/or particulate materials.
- a specific application of this general use is the addition of organofunctional silicon compounds to hardenable resin compositions used as binders for sand to form molds and cores for use in casting metal articles. It is important in this use that the improvement in properties, provided by adding ar3 organofunctional silicon compound, be stable in respect to the age of the organofunctional silicon compound/resin mixture.
- This invention is concerned with the discovery that certain ureido-functional silicon compounds have unexpected properties when employed as additives for the curable binder.
- the invention relates to binding agent compositions for inorganic fillers or oxides comprising a curable binder such as a hardenable resin mixed with a coupling agent; the coupling agent being an ureido-functional organosilicon compound having:
- the ureido-functional organosilicon compound is a silane having the average formula: wherein R, R' and n are as defined hereinabove, R" is hydrogen or a monovalent organic group bonded to silicon by a carbon to silicon bond, selected from
- alkyl alkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkenyl,alkadienyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, cyanoalkyl, cyanoaryl, cyanocycloalkyl, carboxyalkyl, carboxyaryl, carboxycycloalkyl, isocyanatoaryl, isocyanatocycloalkyl, alkyl carboxyalkyl, aryl carboxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy(polyalkyleneoxy)alkyl, alkenoyloxyalkyl, epoxyalkyl, epoxyalkyloxyalkyl, aminoaryl and aminoalkyl; X is hydroxyl or a hydrolyzable or condensible radical, selected from
- ureido-functional organosilanes are,
- ureido-functional organosilicon compounds illustrated by formula I are relatively low molecular weight siloxanes, e.g., having 2 to 10 silicon atoms interconnected by silicon-bonded oxygen atoms forming linkages.
- Ureido-functional organosiloxanes of this type have, per molecule, 2 silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups or 2 silicon-bonded hydrolyzable or condensible groups as defined above and at least 1 silicon-bonded group of the formula as defined in formula I and any remaining free valence of silicon is bonded to oxygen which in turn is bonded to another silicon atom to form therewith the siloxane, or, to hydrogen, or, by carbon to silicon bonds, to a monovalent organic group as defined above.
- the preferred ureido-functional organosiloxanes include the disiloxanes, trisiloxanes, tetrasiloxanes such as the cyclic tetramer, and the pentasiloxanes.
- Typical monovalent organic groups bonded to silicon in the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds described above including R" in the formula II include alkyl (e.g., methyl, ethyl, pentyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, and 2-ethylhexyl), cycloalkyl (such as cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl and 4-methylcyclohexyl), aryl (such as phenyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-anthracyl and biphenyl), alkaryl (such as 4-methylphenyl, 2,4-diethylphenyl and 4-dodecylphenyl), aralkyl (such as phenylethyl), alkenyl (such as vinyl, allyl 3-butenyl and oleyl), alkadienyl (such as 1-butadienyl-1,4,1-octadecatrienyl-9,
- Typical of the hydrolyzable or condensible groups bonded to silicon in the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds described above including X in formula II include for example alkoxy, e.g., methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, dodecyloxy, isopropoxy, and the like; aryloxy, e.g., phenoxy, naphthyloxy and biphenyloxy, alkylamino and arylamino, such as methylamino, diethylamino and phenylamino, acyloxy, e.g., formyloxy, acetyloxy and propoxy any organo-functional radicals such as hydroxyalkoxy, e.g., beta-hydroxyethoxy and gamma-hydroxypropoxy, hydroxyalkoxyalkoxy, such as beta-hydroxy- ethoxyethoxy, omega-hydroxy(polyethyleneoxy)ethoxy, and omega-hydroxy(poly-1,2-propylene
- ureido-functional organosilicon compounds used in this invention can be produced by reacting an organocarbamate with an amino-functional organosilicon having:
- Organocarbamates used to produce the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds used in this invention include alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl carbamates illustrated by methyl carbamate, ethyl carbamate, and n-propyl carbamate, n-butyl carbamate, cyclohexylcarbamate phenyl carbamate, 4-methylphenyl carbamate, 4-dodecyl phenyl carbamate, biphenyl carbamate; and alkylene, cycloalkylene and arylene carbamates, such as ethylene dicarbamate, 1,4-butylene dicarbamate, 1,4-phenylene dicarbamate, 4,4'-bisphenylene dicarbamate and 1,4-cyclohexylene dicarbamate.
- the reaction can be carried out neat or in solution or dispersion using solvents or nonsolvents for the silane and/or the carbamate reactants.
- solvents or nonsolvents include hydrocarbon solvents, ether solvents,.amide solvents and ketone solvents, such as mineral spirits, hexane, n-nonane, benzene, toluene, xylene, methylethyl ketone, methylisobutyl ketone, diethylether, di-n-diisopropyl ether and N,N,-dimethylformamide.
- the temperature of the reaction can be relatively low depending upon the reactivity of the carbamate and the amount of amino present in the reaction, usually temperatures in the range of 40°C to 180°C are satisfactory. Typically a temperature 50°C to 150°C. is more desirable.
- This reaction can be operated under atmospheric or subatmospheric pressures.
- Superatmospheric pressures are employable but are not considered to operate as beneficially as subatmospheric and atmospheric pressures.
- the reaction product can be separated by distillation, crystallization or decantation, utilizing standard processing equipment and procedures.
- the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds there are other alternative ways known in the art for producing the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds and any suitable procedure can be used.
- the corresponding isocyanato functional organosilicon compound can be reacted with ammonia to produce the corresponding ureido-functional organosilicon compound.
- alkylation or methylolation of one or both of the R' groups can be performed on the amino-functional organosilicon compound in which both R' groups are hydrogen or on the ureido-functional organosilicon compound in which both R' groups are hydrogen.
- the foundry sands useful in the present invention are conventional foundry sands such as silica sands having a high silica content, for example a silica content of, at least 80% by weight.
- foundry sands examples include (1) white silica sands such as Wedron White Silica sand, (99.8% by weight silica), Ottawa White Silica sand (99.8% silica), Minnesota White Silica sand (98.5% silica); (2) lake sands, such as Port Crescent sand (95.0% silica), Manley 20KK sand (91.9% silica), Nugent Lake sand (94.2% silica), Lake Shore sand (93.5% silica); and (3) bank sands such as Juniada Bank sand (90.2% silica).
- GBN Grain Fineness Number
- inorganic oxides or fillers can be bound by the binding agents pursuant to this invention and they include any suitable fibrous or particulate inorganic substance.
- the fillers may be in the form of particles, spherical or approximately isometric, or they may be in the form of plates or needles (fibers).
- the size of the filler particles is not critical, any of the conventionally used fillers being suitable in this respect.
- fillers which may be used in the present invention are asbestos, ground glass, kaolin and other clay minerals, silica, calcium silica, magnesium oxide, barium carbonate barium sulfate (barytes), metal fibers and powders, glass fibers, refractory fibers, non-reinforcing carbon blacks, titanium dioxide, mica, talc, chopped glass, alumina, quartz, wollastonite (calcium silicate), and inorganic coloring pigments.
- the curable binders useful in the binding agent compositions of this invention are polymerizable or thermosetting to form three-dimensional structures and are capable of binding the inorganic oxide or filler into a shaped mass.
- suitable curable binders include the foundry binders or hardenable resins which when used with the above ureido-functional silicon compounds show improved strength or resistance to humidity in the foundry core.
- these foundry binders are the phenolic/polyisocyanate binder systems (U.S. Pat. 3,409,579) furan binder systems (U.S. Pat. 3,346,534) oil modified polyol/polyisocyanate binder systems (U.S. Pat. 3,255,500) and phenolic and urea/phenolic resin binder systems (U.S. Pats. 3,404,198 and 3,306,864).
- thermosetting resins such as the phenol formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, alkyd resins, polyurethane resins and epoxy resins,
- cold-setting resins such as phenol-formaldehyde resins, for example, which contain ureido-functional organosilicon compounds undergo little or no loss of their ability to adhere to fillers or inorganic oxide materials, the absolute adhesivity of these binding agents being equal to or in some cases even greater than that of conventional aminosilanes coupling agents.
- the stability of ureido-functional organosilicon compounds in cold setting-resins was unexpected and applies to those cases where none or one or more or all of the hydrogen atoms of the ureido group H 2 NC(O)NH- are substituted by an alkyl group or aryl group.
- the invention can be applied to substantially any polymeric material in which improved adhesion to fillers or inorganic oxides is desired, including, for example, any of the rubbers, resins or plastics with which fillers, e.g., inorganic oxides, are conventionally employed.
- Such polymers include natural rubber; synthetic rubbers such as styrene-butadiene rubber; ethylene-propylene terpolymer rubber; urethane rubbers; polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyisobutylene; poly-acrylonitrile; polybutadiene; copolymers of butadiene and acrylonitrile; polystyrene; poly(styreneacrylonitrile); copolymers of styrene with butadiene and acrylonitrile; copolymers of ethylene with propylene or butene-1 or vinyl acetate or maleic anhydride; polycarbonate resins; phenoxy resins, polyvinyl chloride; copolymers of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate or other vinyl esters; polyvinyl acetate; linear polyesters; polyvinyl acetals; polyvinylidene chloride; copolymers of vinylidene chloride with vinyl chloride and acrylic acid
- nylon such as a polymer of diallyl phthalate; epoxy resins, phenolic resins; silicone resins; polyester resins including alkyd resins; poly(vinylacetate-vinyl chloride); poly(vinylidene chloride); thermoplastic polyurethanes; thermoplastic polyhydroxy ethers; thermoplastic polyesters and poly(vinyl chloride-maleic anhydride).
- Preferred polymeric matrices are the thermosetting or curable resins, such as the hardenable foundry sand resins as described above.
- the proportions of ureido-functional organosilicon compound and curable binder in the novel binding agent compositions of this invention can be varied over a wide range.
- the novel compositions can contain from 0.01 to 5, preferably 0.05 to 2, weight parts of ureido-functional organosilicon compound per 100 weight parts of curable binder.
- the proportions of binding agent composition and sand used in making the novel foundry sand compositions of this invention can be varied over a wide range and are generally the same respectively as the proportions of coupling agent and sand conventionally employed in the art.
- ureido-functional organosilicon compounds can be employed undiluted, it usually is more convenient to employ them as solutions, e.g., 25 to 95%, in suitable solvents such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol because such solutions are easier to handle and disperse in the curable binder.
- Example 5 foundry sand compositions were prepared containing the ingredients and amounts of same given in Table 1 below.
- Example 1 0.19 millimole of Compound A, C and E, respectively, were used in the composition and in Example B, 0.19 millimole of a commercial coupling agent, A-1160, having the formula NH 2 C(O)NHC 3 H 6 Si(OEt) 3 was used.
- Example A was a control and no coupling agent was used.
- Example B 1, and 3 0.19 millimole of the silane coupling agent was added to the 27.9 grams of the phenolic binder and the resulting blend was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 2 to 4 hours at room temperature. A portion of each resulting mixture was evaluated initially using the procedure described hereinafter and the remaining portion of each mixture was allowed to age for 1 month at room temperature and then evaluated.
- Example A 1500 g of sand were charged to the mixing bowl. While mixing at slow speed the required amounts of water and catalyst were added, separately, via syringe and mixed for 2 minutes. The resin phenolic binder (Example A) or phenolic binder/silane coupling agent mixture (Examples B, 1, 2 and 3), was added via syringe and mixing carried out for an additional 2 minutes. Immediately following completion of mixing, the molds were filled with the resulting sand mixtures, heaping full without compacting. The sand mixture was then pressed in firmly with the #14 rubber stopper.
- test results given in Table 2 prove the superior performance stability of each of the silane coupling agents of this invention, namely, Compounds A, C and E, as compared to the control (Example A) and the state-of-the-art silane coupling agent (Example B).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to binding agent compositions having especially good shelf life which can be used with inorganic fillers or oxides, such as foundry sand, for the purpose of imparting improved strength to shapes, such as foundry molds or cores, made therefrom. The invention also relates to inorganic oxide compositions, such as foundry sand compositions, containing the inorganic oxide, the improved binding agent composition and catalysts for said binding agent. The invention also relates to certain unreido- functional organosilicon compounds having use in binding agent compositions for foundry sands.
- It is well known in the art that one can impart general improved strengths and increased humidity resistance to foundry cores by adding a silane compound to the resinous foundry binder used to form the cores. Foundry cores made with such resinous binders as phenolic/isocyanate systems, furan systems, oil modified polyol/polyisocyanate systems, phenolic resins and urea/phenolic resins have a tendency to lose strength and become weak upon exposure to humid conditions. As illustrated by U.S. Pats. 3,409,579 and 3,403,721, silane compounds have been added to such resinous binders to increase the humidity resistance and general strength of foundry cores made with these binders. Aqueous dispersions of silane compounds have also been used as binders themselves (see U.S. Pat. No. 3,093,494).
- It is known that aminoalkyl trialkoxysilanes, such as y-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, improve the adherence of thermosetting resins to inorganic oxide materials. It is furthermore known that these aminosilanes can be mixed with thermosetting phenolic resins and then the resulting mixtures can be mixed directly with sands or other inorganic oxide material to be shaped and solidified (DE-AS No. 1,252,853 and DE-PS No. 1,494,381).
- The use of N-(aminoalkyl)-aminoalkylsilanes as adhesion improvers between thermosetting resins and inorganic oxide material is also known. These compounds are used in the same manner as the above-mentioned aminosilanes in which there is no substitution on the nitrogen atom (U.S. Pat. No. 3,234,159).
- Both the aminoalkylsilanes which are not substituted on the nitrogen atom and those which are substituted by aminoalkyl groups, all of which are referred to hereinafter as aminosilanes, improve the adhesion of thermosetting phenolic resins to inorganic oxide substances to virtually the same degree when they are mixed with the resins. This improvement of adhesion, however, diminishes in the course of time if these aminosilane-containing resins are stored for a relatively long time at room temperature. U.S. Pat. No. 4,256,623 reports that, after standing for only 14 days, for example, the adhesion-improving action of aminosilanes declines by about 40%, and at the end of only a month the adhesivizing effect produced by y-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in phenolic resin has been reduced by one half. This problem was solved by using w-aminoalkyltrialkoxysilanes HZN-(CHZ)It Si(OR)3 (11=2-4, R=Ci to C4 alkyl) or N-(aminoalkyl)aminoalkylsilanes
- It has been further reported that the loss of the adhesivizing action of the aminosilanes in mixture with thermosetting resins is probably due to a decomposition of these silanes in the resins. Therefore, there existed the problem of finding an adhesivizing agent which, when mixed with thermosetting resins, decomposes very slightly or not at all, and produces its adhesivizing action to the same or an only slightly lesser extent, even after the resin has been stored for a relatively long time and which therefore will be useful in the preparation of binding agents for inorganic oxide materials such as, for example, foundry sands, such binding agents being made from ureido-functional silanated phenolic resins whose strength enhancing effectiveness will remain unaltered or only slightly reduced, even after a relatively long period of storage.
- U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,671,562; 3,754,971 and 4,046,794 disclose ureido-functional organosilicon compounds and the use of same as coupling agents on inorganic substrates such as glass, clay, silica, hydrated silica, fumed silica, sand, e.g., foundry sand.
- These patents fail to disclose or suggest the binding agent compositions or the foundry sand compositions disclosed and claimed herein containing a selected group of ureido-functional organosilicon compounds. From U.S.P. 40 46 794 silicon compounds are known, characterized by the presence of the following radical:
- Said compounds, as aqueous solution of the hydrolysates can be coupling agents in fiber glass for further reaction with thermosetting and/or thermoplastic resins. The stability of the composites obtained, especially in hot water, is not very good.
- In general, organofunctional silanes are widely used as additives to polymerizable resins to provide improved adhesion of the resin to substrates and to improve the physical properties of composites prepared from the resin and fibrous and/or particulate materials. A specific application of this general use is the addition of organofunctional silicon compounds to hardenable resin compositions used as binders for sand to form molds and cores for use in casting metal articles. It is important in this use that the improvement in properties, provided by adding ar3 organofunctional silicon compound, be stable in respect to the age of the organofunctional silicon compound/resin mixture.
- This invention is concerned with the discovery that certain ureido-functional silicon compounds have unexpected properties when employed as additives for the curable binder.
- The invention relates to binding agent compositions for inorganic fillers or oxides comprising a curable binder such as a hardenable resin mixed with a coupling agent; the coupling agent being an ureido-functional organosilicon compound having:
- (a) at least 1 silicon-bonded ureido group of the formula
- (b) 2 silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable or condensible groups selected from alkoxy, acyloxy, amino and haloalkoxy; and
- (c) any remaining free valence of silicon being bonded (1) to oxygen which in turn is bonded to another silicon atom to form therewith a siloxane or (2), to hydrogen or (3) by carbon to silicon bonds, to a monovalent organic group selected from alkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkenyl, alkadienyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, cyanoalkyl, cyanoaryl, cyanocycloalkyl, carboxyalkyl, carboxyaryl, carboxycycloalkyl, isocyanatoaryl, isocyandtocycloalkyl, alkyl carboxyalkyl, aryl carboxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy(polyalkyleneoxy)alkyl, alkenoyloxyalkyl, epoxyalkyl, epoxyalkyloxyalkyl, aminoaryl and aminoalkyl. The ureido-functional organosilicon compounds used in this invention preferably contain 1 to 10 silicon atoms.
-
- alkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkenyl,alkadienyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, cyanoalkyl, cyanoaryl, cyanocycloalkyl, carboxyalkyl, carboxyaryl, carboxycycloalkyl, isocyanatoaryl, isocyanatocycloalkyl, alkyl carboxyalkyl, aryl carboxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy(polyalkyleneoxy)alkyl, alkenoyloxyalkyl, epoxyalkyl, epoxyalkyloxyalkyl, aminoaryl and aminoalkyl; X is hydroxyl or a hydrolyzable or condensible radical, selected from
- hydroxyl, alkoxy, acyloxy, aryloxy, amino and haloalkoxy; and a is 1 or 2.
- Specific examples of ureido-functional organosilanes are,
- NH2C(O)NH(CH2)2NH(CH2)3Si(Me)(OMe)2;
- NH2C(O)NHCH2CH(CH3)(CH2)2Si(Me)(OEt)2;
- NH2C(O)NH(CH2)2N[C(O)NH2](CH2)3Si(Me)(OMe)2;
- NH2C(O)NHC2H4NHC2H4NHC3N6Si(Me)(OEt)2;
- NH2C(O)NH(CH2)2N[C(O)NH2](CH2)2NH(CH2)3Si(Et)(OMe)2.
- Included in the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds illustrated by formula I are relatively low molecular weight siloxanes, e.g., having 2 to 10 silicon atoms interconnected by silicon-bonded oxygen atoms forming
- Typical monovalent organic groups bonded to silicon in the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds described above including R" in the formula II include alkyl (e.g., methyl, ethyl, pentyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, and 2-ethylhexyl), cycloalkyl (such as cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl and 4-methylcyclohexyl), aryl (such as phenyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-anthracyl and biphenyl), alkaryl (such as 4-methylphenyl, 2,4-diethylphenyl and 4-dodecylphenyl), aralkyl (such as phenylethyl), alkenyl (such as vinyl, allyl 3-butenyl and oleyl), alkadienyl (such as 1-butadienyl-1,4,1-octadecatrienyl-9,11,13-, 1-neoprenyl), cycloalkenyl (such as 3-cyclohexenyl), haloalkyl (such as chloromethyl, gamma-chloropropyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, perfluoropropyl, haloaryl (such as 4-chlorophenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, chloronaphthyl), halocycloalkyl (such as 4-chloro- cyclohexyl), cyanoalkyl (such as beta-cyanoethyl and gamma-carboxypropyl); cyanoaryl (such as 4-cyanophenyl); cyanocycloalkyl (such as 4-cyanocyclohexyl and 3-cyanocyc)openty!) carboxyalkyl (such as beta-carboxyethyl and gamma-carboxypropyl), carboxyaryl (such as 4-carboxyphenyl); carboxycycloalkyl (such as 4-carboxycyclohexyl and 3-carboxycyclopentyl); isocyanatoalkyl (such as gamma- isocyanatopropyl and delta-isocyanatobutyl), isocyanatoaryl (such as 4-isocyanatophenyl); isocyanatocycloalkyl (such as 4-isocyanato-cyclohexyl); alkyl or aryl carboxyalkyl (such as betamethyl- carboxyethyl and gammaphenyl carboxypropyl), hydroxyalkyl (such as hydroxymethyl, and gamma-hydroxypropyl), hydroxy(polyalkyleneoxy)alkyl (such as omega-hydroxy-(polyethylene- oxy)propyl), alkenoyloxyalkyl (such as gamma-acryloxypropyl and gamma-methacryloxypropyl) epoxyalkyl (such as 1,2-epoxyethyl, 1,2-epoxypropyl and 1,2-epoxybutyl), epoxy alkyloxyalkyl (such as glycidyloxypropyl); epoxycycloalkyl (such as beta-3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyl); aminoaryl and aminoalkyl (such as aminomethyl, gamma-aminopropyl, delta-aminobutyl and p-aminophenyl).
- Typical of the hydrolyzable or condensible groups bonded to silicon in the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds described above including X in formula II include for example alkoxy, e.g., methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, dodecyloxy, isopropoxy, and the like; aryloxy, e.g., phenoxy, naphthyloxy and biphenyloxy, alkylamino and arylamino, such as methylamino, diethylamino and phenylamino, acyloxy, e.g., formyloxy, acetyloxy and propoxy any organo-functional radicals such as hydroxyalkoxy, e.g., beta-hydroxyethoxy and gamma-hydroxypropoxy, hydroxyalkoxyalkoxy, such as beta-hydroxy- ethoxyethoxy, omega-hydroxy(polyethyleneoxy)ethoxy, and omega-hydroxy(poly-1,2-propyleneoxy, cyanoalkoxy, such as beta-cyanoethoxy and beta-cyanohexoxy, cyanoalkoxyalkoxy, such as beta-cyanoethoxyethoxy, omega-cyanoethoxy(polyethyleneoxy) and omega-cyanoethoxy(poly-1,2-propyleneoxy), carboxyalkoxy, such as beta-carboxyethoxy and beta-carboxyhexoxy, haloalkoxy, such as chloromethoxy, and bromoethoxy perfluoropropoxy.
- The ureido-functional organosilicon compounds used in this invention can be produced by reacting an organocarbamate with an amino-functional organosilicon having:
- (a) at least 1 silicon-bonded group of the formula
- (b) 2 silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable or condensible groups as defined hereinabove; and
- (c) any remaining free valence of silicon being bonded to (1) oxygen which in turn is bonded to another silicon atom to form therewith a siloxane, or (2) to hydrogen or (3) by carbon to silicon bonds to a monovalent organic group as described hereinabove. The amino-functional organosilicon compounds used to make the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds employed herein preferably contain 1 to 10 silicon atoms. Suitable aminofunctional organosilicon compounds useful herein are disclosed in the prior art including USP 2,971,864, 2,832,754 and 2,942,019. Additional specific examples are gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-methyl-gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-(gamma-aminopropyl)-gamma-aminopropylmethyidimethoxysilane, N-(gamma-aminopropyl)-N-methyl-gamma-aminopropyimethyidimethoxysiiane and gamma-aminopropylethyldiethoxysilane.
- Organocarbamates used to produce the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds used in this invention include alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl carbamates illustrated by methyl carbamate, ethyl carbamate, and n-propyl carbamate, n-butyl carbamate, cyclohexylcarbamate phenyl carbamate, 4-methylphenyl carbamate, 4-dodecyl phenyl carbamate, biphenyl carbamate; and alkylene, cycloalkylene and arylene carbamates, such as ethylene dicarbamate, 1,4-butylene dicarbamate, 1,4-phenylene dicarbamate, 4,4'-bisphenylene dicarbamate and 1,4-cyclohexylene dicarbamate.
- The reaction can be carried out neat or in solution or dispersion using solvents or nonsolvents for the silane and/or the carbamate reactants. Types of solvents and nonsolvents include hydrocarbon solvents, ether solvents,.amide solvents and ketone solvents, such as mineral spirits, hexane, n-nonane, benzene, toluene, xylene, methylethyl ketone, methylisobutyl ketone, diethylether, di-n-diisopropyl ether and N,N,-dimethylformamide.
- The temperature of the reaction can be relatively low depending upon the reactivity of the carbamate and the amount of amino present in the reaction, usually temperatures in the range of 40°C to 180°C are satisfactory. Typically a temperature 50°C to 150°C. is more desirable.
- This reaction can be operated under atmospheric or subatmospheric pressures. Superatmospheric pressures are employable but are not considered to operate as beneficially as subatmospheric and atmospheric pressures. The reaction product can be separated by distillation, crystallization or decantation, utilizing standard processing equipment and procedures.
- There are other alternative ways known in the art for producing the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds and any suitable procedure can be used. For example, the corresponding isocyanato functional organosilicon compound can be reacted with ammonia to produce the corresponding ureido-functional organosilicon compound. Also, alkylation or methylolation of one or both of the R' groups can be performed on the amino-functional organosilicon compound in which both R' groups are hydrogen or on the ureido-functional organosilicon compound in which both R' groups are hydrogen.
- This invention is primarily directed to improvements in foundry sands and foundry cores and molds made therefrom. The foundry sands useful in the present invention are conventional foundry sands such as silica sands having a high silica content, for example a silica content of, at least 80% by weight. Examples of such foundry sands are (1) white silica sands such as Wedron White Silica sand, (99.8% by weight silica), Ottawa White Silica sand (99.8% silica), Minnesota White Silica sand (98.5% silica); (2) lake sands, such as Port Crescent sand (95.0% silica), Manley 20KK sand (91.9% silica), Nugent Lake sand (94.2% silica), Lake Shore sand (93.5% silica); and (3) bank sands such as Juniada Bank sand (90.2% silica). These foundry sands normally have a Grain Fineness Number (GFN) of 50 to 90, as determined by the standard AFS method.
- Other inorganic oxides or fillers can be bound by the binding agents pursuant to this invention and they include any suitable fibrous or particulate inorganic substance. At the time of mixing the binding agent with the fillers, the fillers may be in the form of particles, spherical or approximately isometric, or they may be in the form of plates or needles (fibers). The size of the filler particles is not critical, any of the conventionally used fillers being suitable in this respect. Among the specific fillers which may be used in the present invention are asbestos, ground glass, kaolin and other clay minerals, silica, calcium silica, magnesium oxide, barium carbonate barium sulfate (barytes), metal fibers and powders, glass fibers, refractory fibers, non-reinforcing carbon blacks, titanium dioxide, mica, talc, chopped glass, alumina, quartz, wollastonite (calcium silicate), and inorganic coloring pigments.
- The curable binders useful in the binding agent compositions of this invention are polymerizable or thermosetting to form three-dimensional structures and are capable of binding the inorganic oxide or filler into a shaped mass. Included as examples of suitable curable binders are the foundry binders or hardenable resins which when used with the above ureido-functional silicon compounds show improved strength or resistance to humidity in the foundry core. Generally these foundry binders are the phenolic/polyisocyanate binder systems (U.S. Pat. 3,409,579) furan binder systems (U.S. Pat. 3,346,534) oil modified polyol/polyisocyanate binder systems (U.S. Pat. 3,255,500) and phenolic and urea/phenolic resin binder systems (U.S. Pats. 3,404,198 and 3,306,864).
- Further illustrative of resins which can be effectively bonded include the thermosetting resins, such as the phenol formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, alkyd resins, polyurethane resins and epoxy resins,
- It is quite surprising that cold-setting resins, such as phenol-formaldehyde resins, for example, which contain ureido-functional organosilicon compounds undergo little or no loss of their ability to adhere to fillers or inorganic oxide materials, the absolute adhesivity of these binding agents being equal to or in some cases even greater than that of conventional aminosilanes coupling agents. The stability of ureido-functional organosilicon compounds in cold setting-resins was unexpected and applies to those cases where none or one or more or all of the hydrogen atoms of the ureido group H2NC(O)NH- are substituted by an alkyl group or aryl group.
- More broadly, the invention can be applied to substantially any polymeric material in which improved adhesion to fillers or inorganic oxides is desired, including, for example, any of the rubbers, resins or plastics with which fillers, e.g., inorganic oxides, are conventionally employed. Such polymers include natural rubber; synthetic rubbers such as styrene-butadiene rubber; ethylene-propylene terpolymer rubber; urethane rubbers; polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyisobutylene; poly-acrylonitrile; polybutadiene; copolymers of butadiene and acrylonitrile; polystyrene; poly(styreneacrylonitrile); copolymers of styrene with butadiene and acrylonitrile; copolymers of ethylene with propylene or butene-1 or vinyl acetate or maleic anhydride; polycarbonate resins; phenoxy resins, polyvinyl chloride; copolymers of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate or other vinyl esters; polyvinyl acetate; linear polyesters; polyvinyl acetals; polyvinylidene chloride; copolymers of vinylidene chloride with vinyl chloride and acrylic acid; poly(methyl methacrylate); super-polyamides, e.g. nylon; polysulfones; allyl resins such as a polymer of diallyl phthalate; epoxy resins, phenolic resins; silicone resins; polyester resins including alkyd resins; poly(vinylacetate-vinyl chloride); poly(vinylidene chloride); thermoplastic polyurethanes; thermoplastic polyhydroxy ethers; thermoplastic polyesters and poly(vinyl chloride-maleic anhydride).
- Preferred polymeric matrices are the thermosetting or curable resins, such as the hardenable foundry sand resins as described above.
- The proportions of ureido-functional organosilicon compound and curable binder in the novel binding agent compositions of this invention can be varied over a wide range. For example, the novel compositions can contain from 0.01 to 5, preferably 0.05 to 2, weight parts of ureido-functional organosilicon compound per 100 weight parts of curable binder. The proportions of binding agent composition and sand used in making the novel foundry sand compositions of this invention can be varied over a wide range and are generally the same respectively as the proportions of coupling agent and sand conventionally employed in the art. While the ureido-functional organosilicon compounds can be employed undiluted, it usually is more convenient to employ them as solutions, e.g., 25 to 95%, in suitable solvents such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol because such solutions are easier to handle and disperse in the curable binder.
- The lettered Examples do not represent this invention and are for comparison purposes.
- The following designations used in the Examples and elsewhere herein have the following meanings:
- Me: methyl group
- Et: ethyl group
- %: percent by weight unless otherwise specified
- wt: weight
- parts: parts by weight unless otherwise indicated
- pts: parts by weight unless otherwise indicated
- Into a 250 cm3, 3-neck round bottom flask equipped with distillation head, mechanical stirrer, thermometer with thermo-watch and nitrogen atmosphere, was charged 70.0 g NH2C2H4NHC3H6Si(Me)(OMe)2 (Compound B) plus 25.5 g methyl carbamate plus 0.10 g. dibutyl tin oxide.. The reaction mixture was heated at 105°C for 15 hours. Amine titration was used to follow the extent of the reaction. The reaction was stopped at 93% completion. The product was stripped of. methanol on a Rota-evaporator. The structure of the product as Compound A was confirmed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). In addition to the structure given above for Compound A, 13C NMR suggested the formation of a small amount of cyclic structure. A 50 wt.% solution of the Compound A product in methanol was prepared.
- Into a 250 cm3, 3-neck round bottom flask equipped with distillation head, mechanical stirrer, thermometer with thermo-watch and nitrogen atmosphere, was charged 60.0 g NH2CH2CH(Me)C2H4Si(Me)(OEt)2 (Compound D) plus 24.4 g ethyl carbamate plus 0.10 g dibutyl tin oxide. The reaction mixture was heated at 105°C for 15 hours. Amine titer showed 93% completion. The product was stripped of ethanol on a Rota-evaporator. The structure of the product as Compound C was confirmed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A 50 wt.% solution of the product Compound C in methanol was prepared.
-
- Into a 250 cmj 3-neck round bottom flask equipped with distillation head, mechanical stirrer, thermometer with thermo-watch and nitrogen atmosphere, was charged 70 g Compound B plus 51 g methyl carbamate plus 0.12 g dibutyl tin oxide. The reaction mixture was heated for 15 hours at 105°C. Amine titer showed 86% completion. The product was stripped of methanol on a Rota-evaporator. The product was an orange viscous liquid. A 50 wt. % product/methanol solution was prepared. The structure of the product as given above for Compound E was confirmed by 13C NMR; however, there were 1 or 2 unidentifiable smaller amounts of by-products present.
- 5 foundry sand compositions were prepared containing the ingredients and amounts of same given in Table 1 below. In Examples 1, 2 and 3 0.19 millimole of Compound A, C and E, respectively, were used in the composition and in Example B, 0.19 millimole of a commercial coupling agent, A-1160, having the formula NH2C(O)NHC3H6Si(OEt)3 was used. Example A was a control and no coupling agent was used.
- In Examples B, 1, and 3 0.19 millimole of the silane coupling agent was added to the 27.9 grams of the phenolic binder and the resulting blend was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 2 to 4 hours at room temperature. A portion of each resulting mixture was evaluated initially using the procedure described hereinafter and the remaining portion of each mixture was allowed to age for 1 month at room temperature and then evaluated.
- In evaluating each mixture of Examples B, 1, and 3 and in evaluating the control Example A, 1500 g of sand were charged to the mixing bowl. While mixing at slow speed the required amounts of water and catalyst were added, separately, via syringe and mixed for 2 minutes. The resin phenolic binder (Example A) or phenolic binder/silane coupling agent mixture (Examples B, 1, 2 and 3), was added via syringe and mixing carried out for an additional 2 minutes. Immediately following completion of mixing, the molds were filled with the resulting sand mixtures, heaping full without compacting. The sand mixture was then pressed in firmly with the #14 rubber stopper. Additional sand mixture was then heaped above the mold and smoothed off with a trowel. The Jesulting tensile specimens were allowed to stand for 24 hours after preparation and then tested. The tensile specimens were tested for tensile strength using a jig designed for testing briquets (ASTM C-190-63). The cross-head speed was 5 mm/min. The tensile strengths, initially and after 1 month age, of the phenolic binder/silane coupling agent mixtures (Examples B, 1, 2 and 3) and the tensile strengths for the control (Example A) are given in Table 2 below.
- The test results given in Table 2 prove the superior performance stability of each of the silane coupling agents of this invention, namely, Compounds A, C and E, as compared to the control (Example A) and the state-of-the-art silane coupling agent (Example B).
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
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AT82109302T ATE17354T1 (en) | 1981-10-08 | 1982-10-07 | BINDER COMPOSITIONS. |
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US30965781A | 1981-10-08 | 1981-10-08 | |
US309657 | 1981-10-08 |
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EP0077036B1 true EP0077036B1 (en) | 1986-01-08 |
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EP (1) | EP0077036B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5871973A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE17354T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU8893582A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3268442D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES8400750A1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN157680B (en) |
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JPS63188688A (en) * | 1987-01-29 | 1988-08-04 | Toray Silicone Co Ltd | Production of organo silicon compound having functional urea moiety |
EP0342788A1 (en) * | 1988-04-13 | 1989-11-23 | Bridgestone Corporation | Synthetic resin composition |
JP5694024B2 (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2015-04-01 | 旭有機材工業株式会社 | Urethane curable organic binder for mold, foundry sand composition and mold obtained using the same |
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US3671562A (en) * | 1968-09-12 | 1972-06-20 | Union Carbide Corp | Urea silicon product and the preparation thereof |
US3754971A (en) * | 1968-09-12 | 1973-08-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Urea silicon product and uses thereof |
BE757247A (en) * | 1969-10-09 | 1971-04-08 | Union Carbide Corp | THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS LOADED WITH MINERAL OXIDE PARTICLES |
US3702860A (en) * | 1970-10-12 | 1972-11-14 | Robert H Krahnke | Urea-functional organosilicon compounds |
BE790976A (en) * | 1971-11-06 | 1973-05-07 | Bayer Ag | SILYL DERIVATIVES OF UREA AND THEIR PREPARATION |
US4046794A (en) * | 1972-04-14 | 1977-09-06 | Union Carbide Corporation | Urea silicon product and uses thereof |
US4193909A (en) * | 1977-03-16 | 1980-03-18 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Flower pot and method for making |
US4124556A (en) * | 1977-03-16 | 1978-11-07 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Moulding composition containing (a) silane additive (b) iron oxide and (c) polyurethane resin and method for preparing shaped foundry products |
-
1982
- 1982-09-30 AU AU88935/82A patent/AU8893582A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1982-10-06 ES ES516256A patent/ES8400750A1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-06 JP JP57174692A patent/JPS5871973A/en active Pending
- 1982-10-07 EP EP82109302A patent/EP0077036B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-07 AT AT82109302T patent/ATE17354T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-07 DE DE8282109302T patent/DE3268442D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-14 IN IN1201/CAL/82A patent/IN157680B/en unknown
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Ullmanns Encyclopädie der technischen Chemie, 4 ed. vol. 21, p. 500 * |
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IN157680B (en) | 1986-05-17 |
AU8893582A (en) | 1984-04-12 |
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EP0077036A1 (en) | 1983-04-20 |
DE3268442D1 (en) | 1986-02-20 |
ATE17354T1 (en) | 1986-01-15 |
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