EP0069813B1 - Differenzdruckschaltvorrichtung für hohe Drücke - Google Patents

Differenzdruckschaltvorrichtung für hohe Drücke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0069813B1
EP0069813B1 EP81303173A EP81303173A EP0069813B1 EP 0069813 B1 EP0069813 B1 EP 0069813B1 EP 81303173 A EP81303173 A EP 81303173A EP 81303173 A EP81303173 A EP 81303173A EP 0069813 B1 EP0069813 B1 EP 0069813B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
switch
piston
housing
switch device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81303173A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0069813A1 (de
Inventor
Wayne Arthur Priest
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SOR Inc
Original Assignee
SOR Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SOR Inc filed Critical SOR Inc
Priority to DE8181303173T priority Critical patent/DE3169033D1/de
Priority to AT81303173T priority patent/ATE11976T1/de
Priority to EP81303173A priority patent/EP0069813B1/de
Publication of EP0069813A1 publication Critical patent/EP0069813A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0069813B1 publication Critical patent/EP0069813B1/de
Priority to SG68585A priority patent/SG68585G/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
    • H01H35/26—Details
    • H01H35/2607—Means for adjustment of "ON" or "OFF" operating pressure
    • H01H35/2635—Means for adjustment of "ON" or "OFF" operating pressure by adjustment of a motion transmitting system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
    • H01H35/38—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow actuated by piston and cylinder

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to pressure responsive switches and deals more particularly with a switch device for detecting when the pressure differential between relative high and low pressures exceeds a preselected level, the device comprising a housing having high and low pressure ports for receiving the respective high and low pressures, which is sensitive to a pressure differential between low and high sides of a fluid system.
  • a switch device for detecting when the pressure differential between relative high and low pressures exceeds a preselected level comprises a housing having high and low pressure ports for receiving the respective high and low pressures, and is characterised in that the housing defines a piston chamber therein between the ports, a piston being provided in the piston chamber, said piston having opposed faces exposed to the respective high and low pressure ports to urge it towards the low pressure port under the influence of the pressure differential between the high and low pressures; in that a shaft is supported for rotation in the housing, said shaft having a lever arm and a switch arm extending outwardly from the shaft at spaced apart locations; in that means are provided coupling the piston with the lever arm so as to cause the shaft to rotate in a first direction on movement of the piston towards the low pressure port; in that resilient means are provided, exerting a biasing force on the shaft urging the shaft to rotation in the opposite direction, the resilient means resisting movement of the piston towards the low pressure port when the pressure differential is below the preselected level but yielding to permit rotation of the shaft
  • Such a switch device is capable of functioning effectively over a wide range of pressures and a wide range of pressure differentials.
  • the device can be constructed to withstand pressures up to approximately 3000 psi (20.685x 10 6 N/m 2 ) with either port connected with the high pressure side of the system.
  • the unit is also constructed in modular fashion so that the components can be changed to permit a wide variation in the differential set point and to accommodate pressures up to 10,000 psi (60.895x 1 06 N/m 2 ).
  • a switch device of the character described can readily absorb severe transient shock loads without damage and the travel of the pressure responsive components can be limited without adversely affecting proper actuation of the switch.
  • the construction is such that the pressurized fluid medium is isolated from the critical components of the unit so that corrosive fluids can be readily handled.
  • a switch device of the character described may be quickly and easily assembled and disassembled and can be designed to present no danger from excessive pressure buildup.
  • switch 10 generally designates a high pressure differential switch constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • Switch 10 has a housing 12 which includes a block or body 14 secured to a base plate 16 by a plurality of screws 18 (Fig. 4).
  • a hollow switch housing 20 is secured to one side of body 14 by screws 22, while a hollow spring housing 24 is mounted to the opposite side of the body by screws 26.
  • body 14 is provided with a low pressure port 28 which is internally threaded in order to receive a low pressure conduit 30 which connects with the low pressure side of a fluid system.
  • Port 28 communicates with a low pressure chamber 32 formed in body 14 internally of housing 12.
  • a cover plate 34 is screwed at 36 to the open side of body 14.
  • Body 14 and cover plate 34 cooperate to present a space 37 adjacent to chamber 32 which receives a perforated disc 38.
  • Integral with the periphery of disc 38 is a short cylinder 40 which presents therein a cylindrical piston chamber 42.
  • Disc 38 has a plurality of openings 44 which provide fluid communication between low pressure chamber 32 and piston chamber 42.
  • An internally threaded high pressure port 46 is formed in cover plate 34. Threaded into port 46 is a high pressure conduit 48 which leads to the high pressure side of the fluid system. Port 46 communicates with piston chamber 42 on the end opposite disc 38.
  • a seal ring 50 provides a seal between body 14, plate 34, and cylinder 40.
  • a piston 52 is mounted closely in piston chamber 42 and is sealed to cylinder 40 by a seal ring 54 carried in an annular groove on the periphery of piston 52.
  • a plunger 56 has a pin portion which is fitted in an opening formed in the face of piston 52 which is adjacent disc 38. Plunger 56 projects from piston 52 through a central opening in disc 38 and into the low pressure chamber 32. The end of plunger 56 remote from piston 52 has a rounded head portion.
  • body 14 has a cylindrical horizontal bore 58 which extends between switch housing 20 and spring housing 24 and which intersects with the bottom portion of chamber 32.
  • a shaft 60 extends through bore 58 and is supported for rotation by a pair of needle bearings 62 mounted in bore 58 at locations adjacent housings 20 and 24.
  • a lever arm 64 is mounted on shaft 60 with an opening formed in the lever arm receiving the shaft.
  • a set screw 66 is threaded into arm 64 and tightened against a flat surface of shaft 60 to mount the lever arm on the center of the shaft.
  • an annular seal element 68 provides a seal between shaft 60 and body 14.
  • Seal elements 68 are located between arm 64 and each bearing 62, and each seal element is mounted on shaft 60 between a pair of back-up rings 70 which are sleeved around shaft 60. Seal elements 68 permit shaft 60 to turn about its longitudinal axis while still providing effective seals which isolate the fluid pressure in chamber 32 from bearings 62 and the components located in housings 20 and 24. As shown in Fig. 4, the round head portion of plunger 56 contacts lever arm 64 at a location near the outer end of the lever arm. Bearings 62 are held in place between back-up rings 70 and bearing retainers 72 which are fitted against the sides of body 14 at locations within housings 20 and 24 and secured by screws 73.
  • one end of the shaft 60 extends through an opening formed in a horizontal lever 74 which is located in spring chamber 24.
  • a set screw 76 is threaded into lever 74 and tightened against shaft 60 in order to secure the lever on the shaft.
  • a sleeve 77 (Fig. 5) serves as a spacer which extends from bearing retainer 72 to lever 74.
  • a lower spring retainer 78 is mounted on the outer end of lever 74 by means of a screw 80 which is threaded into the lever and spring retainer. Retainer 78 receives the lower end of a compression spring 82 the upper end of which engages an upper spring retainer 84.
  • retainer 84 abuts the lower end of a screw 86 having a projecting pin portion 86a fitting through retainer 84.
  • Screw 86 is threaded through a fitting 88 which is in turn screwed to the top end of spring housing 24.
  • a seat between fitting 88 and housing 24 is provided by an 0-ring 90.
  • Screw 86 is enclosed within a cap 92 which is threaded onto fitting 88 and sealed thereto by an 0-ring 94.
  • switch housing 20 contains a vertical switch arm 96 which is mounted on the end of shaft 60 opposite lever 74.
  • a set screw 98 is threaded into arm 96 and against shaft 60.
  • the upper end of arm 96 carries a threaded pin 100 which projects beyond the side of the arm and has a flat end which contacts a plunger 102 of a switch 104.
  • Switch 104 is secured within switch housing 20 by screws 106 and has conductor wires 108 which lead out of the switch housing through a conduit 110 threaded into the top of the switch housing.
  • a threaded opening in one side of switch housing 20 is normally closed by a plug 112.
  • Switch 104 is shown only as an example. It may, in fact, be a multiplicity of types of switches, (for example, a hermetically sealed switch) to accommodate various electrical loads and environmental conditions. Switch housing would change accordingly.
  • switch housing 20 and spring housing 24 are each provided with a drain opening 114 in their bottom surfaces.
  • Each drain port 114 is fitted with a porous disc 116 which permits venting of fluid pressure from within the switch housing and the spring housing.
  • the biasing force exerted on arm 74 by spring 82 maintains shaft 60 in the rotative position shown in Fig. 4 so long as the pressure differential between the high and low sides of the fluid system, as sensed at ports 46 and 28, is below a preselected level which is determined by the setting of spring 82.
  • the interaction between arm 64 and plunger 56 holds piston 52 against cover plate 34 since the pressure differential across the piston is insufficient to overcome the force of spring 82.
  • the spring force is overcome if the pressure differential rises sufficiently.
  • the force exerted on the right face of the piston through high pressure port 46 is greater than the spring force plus the force exerted on the left face of the piston through low pressure port 28, low pressure chamber 32, and openings 44.
  • Piston 52 is then moved to the left until it bottoms against disc 38.
  • the rounded head of plunger 56 pushes against lever arm 64 to rotate shaft 60 in a counter clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 4.
  • switch arm 96 Such rotation of shaft 60 carries switch arm 96 in a direction causing pin 100 to release plunger 102, thereby actuating switch 104.
  • switch 104 When actuated, switch 104 turns on or off appropriate equipment which counteracts or otherwise responds to the effects of the excessive pressure differential.
  • the pressure differential resulting in actuation of the switch can be adjusted by adjusting the force of spring 82. This can be accomplished by removing cap 92 and threading screw 86 into or out of fitting 88 to move upper spring retainer 84 toward or away from the lower spring retainer 78. Since the interior of spring housing 24 is completely isolated from the fluid pressure by seal ring 68, adjustment of the spring force can be undertaken while the unit is in service and exposed to high fluid pressure. It is also to be noted that seal rings 68 isolate bearings 62 and the components within switch housing 20 and spring housing 24 from the fluid medium and thus shield the critical components of the switch assembly from corrosive fluids and other damaging fluids employed in the fluid pressure system being monitored. In addition, abrupt transient shock loads or spike loads in the fluid system are not applied to the critical components of the switch assembly, due to the limited piston travel.
  • the travel of piston 52 is minimal, preferably approximately 10/1000 inch, (0.25 mm), although the travel can vary.
  • Such small travel of the piston reduces the wear on it and seal ring 54, and also results in small rotational movement of shaft 60 in order to reduce the wear on the components associated with the shaft, especially seal elements 68.
  • the point of contact between plunger 56 and lever arm 64 is only about half as far from the centre of shaft 60 as the point of contact between pin 100 and plunger 102 of switch 104. Consequently, a mechanical advantage is obtained whereby the movement of piston 52 is translated into twice as much movement of pin 100. Proper actuation of switch 104 is thus assured when the set pressure differential is exceeded.
  • the small piston travel also results in a small volume displacement of fluid in piston chamber 42, a feature which is particularly important in low volume systems where a large fluid volume is not available.
  • switch 10 is capable of maintaining an accurate differential set point with widely varying system pressures. For example, a 5 psi (34x 1 03 N/m 2 ) pressure has been maintained with system pressures which vary in the range of from 0 to approximately 3000 psi (20x 1 06 N/m 2 ). Seals 54 and 68 are able to withstand pressures up to 3000 psi (20x 1 06 N/m 2 ) without appreciable leakage. In the event there is leakage past seal 68, drain ports 114 and discs 116 serve to vent the leaking fluid so that there is no danger of pressure build-up in the switch or spring housings.
  • Switch 10 has a modular construction which permits any number of spring, piston, and shaft combinations to be employed.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a relatively small piston 152 which replaces piston 52 and a relatively small perforated disc 138 having a thickened cylinder 140 which is sealed to piston 152 by an 0-ring 154. Due to the reduced area of the faces of piston 152, a higher differential pressure range can be achieved with the same spring 82.
  • pistons of various sizes can be used in combination with springs of various strengths to achieve virtually any desired differential pressure setting.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Schaltvorrichtung (10), mit welcher das Überschreiten einer vorgewählten Druckhöhe durch den Differenzdruck zwischen relativ hohen und relativ niedrigen Drücken ermittelbar ist, wobei die Vorrichtung (10) ein Gehäuse (14) aufweist, das mit einer Hochdrucköffnung (46) und einer Niederdrucköffning (28) für den Einlaß der entsprechenden hohen und niedrigen Drücke versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse im Inneren zwischen den Öffnungen eine Kolbenkammer (42) definiert, wobei in der Kolbenkammer (42) ein Kolben (52) angeordnet ist, der engegengesetzte Seiten aufweist, welche der Hochdrucköffnung (46) bzw. der Niederdrucköffnung (28) zugekehrt sind, um den Kolben unter der Wirking des Differenzdruckes zwischen dem hohen und dem niedrigen Druck gegen die Niederdrucköffnung (28) zu bewegen; daß im Gehäuse (14) ein Schaft (60) drehbar angeordnet ist, wobei der Schaft einen Hebelarm (64) und einen Schaltarm (96) aufweist, die sich vom Schaft (60) an mit Abstand voneinander gelegenen Stellen wegerstrecken; daß eine Einrichtung (56) vorgesehen ist, welche den Kolben (52) mit dem Hebelarm (64) kuppelt, so daß der Schaft (60) bei einer Bewegung des Kolbens (52) gegen die Niederdrucköffnung (28) in einer ersten Richtung rotiert; daß eine elastische Einrichtung (82) vorgesehen ist, welche auf den Schaft (60) eine Vorspannkraft ausübt, um den Schaft (60) zur Drehung un der entgegengesetzten Richtung zu veranlassen, wobei die elastische Einrichtung (82) einer Bewegung des Kolbens (52) gegen die Niederdrucköffnung (28) entgegenwirkt, wenn der Differenzdruck unterhalb der vorgewählten Druckhöhe ist, aber nachgibt, um eine Drehung des Schaftes in der ersten Richtung zu gestatten, wenn der Differenzdruck die vorbestimmte Höhe überschreitet; und daß eine Schalteinrichtung (104) vorgesehen ist, die durch den Schaltarm (96) bei einer Drehung des Schaftes (60) in der ersten Richtung betätigbar ist, wobei die Schalteinrichtung (104) dadurch betätigt wird, daß der Differenzdruck die vorbestimmte Druckhöhe übersteigt.
2. Schaltvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Paar von Dichtelementen (68) aufweist, welche den Schaft im Gehäuse (14) an auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Hebelarmes (64) gelegenen Stellen abdichten, um den Schaltarm (96) und die elastische Einrichtung (82) vom Fluid in den Öffnungen (28, 46) zu isolieren.
3. Schaltvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Paar von Lagern (62) aufweist, die im Gehäuse (14) montiert sind und eine Drehlagerung für den Schaft (60) an auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Hebelarmes (64) gelegenen Stellen bilden, wobei jedes Dichtelement (68) zwischen dem Hebelarm (64) und dem zugeordneten Lager (62) angeordnet ist, um die Lager (62) vom Fluid in den Einlässen (28, 46) zu isolieren.
4. Schaltvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Einrichtung (114) zum Entlüften des Gehäuses (14) an außerhalb der Dichtelemente (68) gelegenen Stellen vorgesehen ist.
5. Schaltvorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine von der Außenseite des Gehäuses (14) zugängliche Einrichtung (86) vorgesehen ist, um die von der elastischen Einrichtung (82) auf den Schaft (60) ausgeübte Vorspannkraft einzustellen und um dadurch den vorgewählten Differenzdruck einzustellen.
6. Schaltvorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elastische Einrichtung (82) einen Hebel (74), der sich vom Schaft (60) nach außen erstreckt, und eine Feder (82) aufweist, die auf den Hebel (74) an einer außerhalb des Schaftes (60) gelegenen Stelle eine Kraft ausübt, wodurch der Schaft (60) in der entgegengesetzten Richtung beaufschlagt wird.
7. Schaltvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 6, gekennzeichnet durch einen am Hebel (74) befestigten ersten Federhalter (78); einen mit Abstand vom ersten Federhalter (78) angeordneten zweiten Federhalter (84), wobei die Feder (82) sich dazwischen erstreckt; und eine Einrichtung (86) zum Bewegen des zweiten Halters (84) gegen den ersten Halter (78) und von diesem weg, wodurch die auf den Hebel (74) von der Feder (82) aufgebrachte Kraft einstellbar ist.
8. Schaltvorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kupplungseinrichtung (56) einen Plunger (56) aufweist, der vom Kolben (52) getragen ist und sich von diesem gegen die Niederdrucköffnung (28) erstreckt, wobei der Plunger (56) den Hebelarm (64) an einer radial außerhalb des Schaftes (60) gelegenen Stelle berührt.
9. Schaltvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaltarm (96) die Schalteinrichtung (104) an einer Stelle berührt, die vom Schaft (60) weiter entfernt ist als der Berührungspunkt zwischen dem Plunger (56) und dem Hebelarm (64).
10. Schaltvorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Gehäuse (14) zwischen der Niederdrucköffnung (28) und dem Kolben (52) eine Niederdruckkammer (32) ausgebildet ist.
EP81303173A 1981-07-10 1981-07-10 Differenzdruckschaltvorrichtung für hohe Drücke Expired EP0069813B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8181303173T DE3169033D1 (en) 1981-07-10 1981-07-10 High pressure differential switch device
AT81303173T ATE11976T1 (de) 1981-07-10 1981-07-10 Differenzdruckschaltvorrichtung fuer hohe druecke.
EP81303173A EP0069813B1 (de) 1981-07-10 1981-07-10 Differenzdruckschaltvorrichtung für hohe Drücke
SG68585A SG68585G (en) 1981-07-10 1985-09-17 High pressure differential switch device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81303173A EP0069813B1 (de) 1981-07-10 1981-07-10 Differenzdruckschaltvorrichtung für hohe Drücke

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0069813A1 EP0069813A1 (de) 1983-01-19
EP0069813B1 true EP0069813B1 (de) 1985-02-20

Family

ID=8188350

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81303173A Expired EP0069813B1 (de) 1981-07-10 1981-07-10 Differenzdruckschaltvorrichtung für hohe Drücke

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0069813B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE11976T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3169033D1 (de)
SG (1) SG68585G (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3603733A1 (de) * 1985-02-22 1986-08-28 Honda Giken Kogyo K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Druckempfindlicher schalter
GB2255445B (en) * 1991-05-01 1994-11-30 Pall Corp Pressure devices

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2258229A (en) * 1939-04-28 1941-10-07 Gen Electric Pressure responsive device
US2782272A (en) * 1953-05-07 1957-02-19 Richard T Cornelius Switch mechanisms

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE11976T1 (de) 1985-03-15
DE3169033D1 (en) 1985-03-28
EP0069813A1 (de) 1983-01-19
SG68585G (en) 1986-06-13

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