EP0062858A1 - Low temperature circulation cleaner - Google Patents
Low temperature circulation cleaner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0062858A1 EP0062858A1 EP82102823A EP82102823A EP0062858A1 EP 0062858 A1 EP0062858 A1 EP 0062858A1 EP 82102823 A EP82102823 A EP 82102823A EP 82102823 A EP82102823 A EP 82102823A EP 0062858 A1 EP0062858 A1 EP 0062858A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- highly alkaline
- cleaner
- citrate
- sodium
- chlorine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 citrate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical group C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N Gluconic acid Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- UPBDXRPQPOWRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,5-dione;methoxyethene Chemical compound COC=C.O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 UPBDXRPQPOWRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011012 sanitization Methods 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
- C11D3/3765—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
- C11D3/3956—Liquid compositions
Definitions
- This invention relates to aqueous alkaline cleaners. More particularly, this invention is concerned with a novel aqueous chlorinated highly alkaline cleaner which is especially useful in the food and beverage industry.
- Aqueous alkaline solutions have been used for many years to clean glass and metal equipment, utensils, pipe lines and containers in the food and beverage industry.
- a chelating agent is generally included in the solution to promote cleaning. While there are many chelating agents, few of them are stable in highly alkaline solutions. Gluconic acid and hepta g luconic acid are two of the few which are stable in highly caustic solution. Sodium tripolyphosphate, a widely used chelating agent, in highly caustic solution reverts to orthophosphate, which is ineffective as a chelating agent and is insoluble in concentrated caustic liquids.
- aqueous highly alkaline cleaners are useful for the described purposes, it is desirable that they also be chlorinated so that a sanitizing effect and enhanced cleaning can be obtained simultaneously.
- the chelating agents commonly used are unstable in aqueous highly alkaline chlorinated cleaners, especially concentrated (10-25%) sodium hydroxide. Thus, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, gluconic acid, heptagluconic acid and various phosphonic acids are not stable in such solutions.
- Such chelating agents react with the hypochlorite and rapidly dissipate the available chlorine to ineffectively low concen- t rations.
- the salts of citric acid well known as chelating agents, are only temporarily stable in aqueous highly alkaline chlorinated cleaners and soon citrates drop out of the solution.
- a novel concentrated aqueous highly alkaline chlorinated cleaner comprising water, a highly alkaline material, a chlorine ion supplying agent, a citrate compound and a polyelectrolyte formed by reacting methyl vinyl ether with maleic anhydride.
- Concentrated cleaners provided by the invention desirably contain the above-recited ingredients within the following ranges:
- sodium hydroxide is preferably employed because of its availability, low cost and good cleaning action.
- Potassium hydroxide is, however, suitable but it is more costly.
- the preferred range of sodium or potassium hydroxide is 20 to 40 percent by weight.
- the chlorine ion supplying agent in the cleaner can be supplied by chlorine gas or by means of an aqueous solution of a chlorine containing compound which releases chlorine ions as, for example, sodium hypochlorite.
- the citrate ion supplying compound most suitably used is citric acid or sodium or potassium citrate. While other citrates can be employed, they are likely to be more expensive and to add to the cost unnecessarily.
- the polyelectrolyte employed in the cleaner is formed by copolymerizing methyl vinyl ether with maleic anhydride using known conditions.
- the resulting products are commercially available and are sometimes generically referred to as poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride).
- the low molecular weight products are preferably used in the concentrate cleaners provided by this invention.
- Some commercial products available for use in the invention are Gantrez AN-119; Gantrez AN- l39 and Gantrez AN-169. Inclusion of a polyelectrolyte of the described composition is necessary for stability of the citrate ion.
- Production of the concentrated cleaner is readily achieved by first adding the powdered polyelectrolyte to the water with suitable stirring or agitation. Mixing is continued until a uniform milky white dispersion is obtained.
- the alkaline material is then added in the form of a solution or as a granular solid with suitable stirring. If necessary, the mixture is cooled to keep its temperature at about 100°F.
- the citrate ion supplying compound is then added.
- the temperature of the mixture may rise during such addition.
- the mixture is then cooled to about 90°F.
- the chlorine supplying agent is then added.
- chlorine gas is used, the gas is added well below solution level with slow agitation.
- aqueous sodium hypochlorite When aqueous sodium hypochlorite is used, it can be poured in with suitable stirring to effect dispersion.
- a particularly suitable concentrate produced as described can have the following composition and properties:
- the concentrated cleaners provided by this invention are dilutable with water to form use solutions.
- About 0.5 to 2 ounces of concentrated cleaner can be diluted with water to make 1 gallon of use solution which is widely useful for cleaning.
- Preferred are use solutions containing about 1% of sodium or potassium hydroxide and 50 to 200 ppm of available chlorine.
- Such use solutions are particularly suitable in cleaning milking parlors, dairy equipment and milk transport tankers.
- the use solutions can be used at temperatures from about 110OF to 150°F for such purposes with good cleaning and sanitizing results and no or low foaming during recirculation cleaning.
- the chlorine loss can be expected to be no more than about 5 to 10% after three months and no more than about 30 to 35% after six months. Nevertheless, the concentrates will rapidly lose chlorine if stored at about 120°F which is, of course, an unnecessarily high storage temperature that can be easily avoided.
- a concentrated cleaner is produced, using the above described process, having the composition:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A concentrated aqueous highly alkaline chlorinated cleaner comprising water, a highly alkaline material, a chiorine ion supplying agent, a citrate compound and a polyelectrolyte formed by reacting methyl vinyl ether with maleic anhydride.
Description
- This invention relates to aqueous alkaline cleaners. More particularly, this invention is concerned with a novel aqueous chlorinated highly alkaline cleaner which is especially useful in the food and beverage industry.
- Aqueous alkaline solutions have been used for many years to clean glass and metal equipment, utensils, pipe lines and containers in the food and beverage industry.
- A chelating agent is generally included in the solution to promote cleaning. While there are many chelating agents, few of them are stable in highly alkaline solutions. Gluconic acid and heptagluconic acid are two of the few which are stable in highly caustic solution. Sodium tripolyphosphate, a widely used chelating agent, in highly caustic solution reverts to orthophosphate, which is ineffective as a chelating agent and is insoluble in concentrated caustic liquids.
- Even though aqueous highly alkaline cleaners are useful for the described purposes, it is desirable that they also be chlorinated so that a sanitizing effect and enhanced cleaning can be obtained simultaneously. The chelating agents commonly used, however, are unstable in aqueous highly alkaline chlorinated cleaners, especially concentrated (10-25%) sodium hydroxide. Thus, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, gluconic acid, heptagluconic acid and various phosphonic acids are not stable in such solutions.
- Such chelating agents react with the hypochlorite and rapidly dissipate the available chlorine to ineffectively low concen- trations. The salts of citric acid, well known as chelating agents, are only temporarily stable in aqueous highly alkaline chlorinated cleaners and soon citrates drop out of the solution.
- From the above it is clear that a need exists for a chelate-containing aqueous highly alkaline chlorinated cleaner of improved stability, both as to its chlorine content and its chelating agent.
- According to the subject invention, there is provided a novel concentrated aqueous highly alkaline chlorinated cleaner comprising water, a highly alkaline material, a chlorine ion supplying agent, a citrate compound and a polyelectrolyte formed by reacting methyl vinyl ether with maleic anhydride.
- Concentrated cleaners provided by the invention desirably contain the above-recited ingredients within the following ranges:
- Although a few highly alkaline materials can be used in producing the cleaner, sodium hydroxide is preferably employed because of its availability, low cost and good cleaning action. Potassium hydroxide is, however, suitable but it is more costly. The preferred range of sodium or potassium hydroxide is 20 to 40 percent by weight.
- The chlorine ion supplying agent in the cleaner can be supplied by chlorine gas or by means of an aqueous solution of a chlorine containing compound which releases chlorine ions as, for example, sodium hypochlorite.
- The citrate ion supplying compound most suitably used is citric acid or sodium or potassium citrate. While other citrates can be employed, they are likely to be more expensive and to add to the cost unnecessarily.
- The polyelectrolyte employed in the cleaner is formed by copolymerizing methyl vinyl ether with maleic anhydride using known conditions. The resulting products are commercially available and are sometimes generically referred to as poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride).
- They are anionic, solid at room temperature, and available in low, medium and high molecular weights. The low molecular weight products are preferably used in the concentrate cleaners provided by this invention. Some commercial products available for use in the invention are Gantrez AN-119; Gantrez AN- l39 and Gantrez AN-169. Inclusion of a polyelectrolyte of the described composition is necessary for stability of the citrate ion.
- Production of the concentrated cleaner is readily achieved by first adding the powdered polyelectrolyte to the water with suitable stirring or agitation. Mixing is continued until a uniform milky white dispersion is obtained.
- The alkaline material is then added in the form of a solution or as a granular solid with suitable stirring. If necessary, the mixture is cooled to keep its temperature at about 100°F.
- The citrate ion supplying compound is then added. The temperature of the mixture may rise during such addition. The mixture is then cooled to about 90°F. The chlorine supplying agent is then added. When chlorine gas is used, the gas is added well below solution level with slow agitation. When aqueous sodium hypochlorite is used, it can be poured in with suitable stirring to effect dispersion.
- A particularly suitable concentrate produced as described can have the following composition and properties:
- The concentrated cleaners provided by this invention are dilutable with water to form use solutions. About 0.5 to 2 ounces of concentrated cleaner can be diluted with water to make 1 gallon of use solution which is widely useful for cleaning. Preferred are use solutions containing about 1% of sodium or potassium hydroxide and 50 to 200 ppm of available chlorine. Such use solutions are particularly suitable in cleaning milking parlors, dairy equipment and milk transport tankers. The use solutions can be used at temperatures from about 110OF to 150°F for such purposes with good cleaning and sanitizing results and no or low foaming during recirculation cleaning.
- The lack of phosphates and silicates in the products makes them exceptionally acceptable as does their good storage stability, good chelating action and low temperature cleaning effectiveness.
- When the concentrates provided by the invention are stored at 70°F the chlorine loss can be expected to be no more than about 5 to 10% after three months and no more than about 30 to 35% after six months. Nevertheless, the concentrates will rapidly lose chlorine if stored at about 120°F which is, of course, an unnecessarily high storage temperature that can be easily avoided.
- The following example is presented to further illustrate the invention.
- A concentrated cleaner is produced, using the above described process, having the composition:
Claims (5)
1. A concentrated aqueous highly alkaline chlorinated cleaner comprising water, a highly alkaline material, a chlorine ion supplying agent, a citrate compound and a polyelectrolyte formed by reacting methyl vinyl ether with maleic anhydride.
2. A cleaner according to claim 1 having the composition:
3. A cleaner according to claim 2 in which the highly alkaline material is sodium or potassium hydroxide, the citrate icn supplying agent is citric acid, sodium citrate or potassium citrate, and the polyelectrolyte is poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride).
4. A cleaner according to claim 3 in which the chlorine ion supplying agent is from chlorine gas.
5. A cleaner according to claim 3 containing 20 to 40 percent by weight of sodium or potassium hydroxide.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US25063881A | 1981-04-03 | 1981-04-03 | |
| US250638 | 1981-04-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0062858A1 true EP0062858A1 (en) | 1982-10-20 |
Family
ID=22948561
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82102823A Withdrawn EP0062858A1 (en) | 1981-04-03 | 1982-04-02 | Low temperature circulation cleaner |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0062858A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU8231082A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2568888A1 (en) * | 1984-08-13 | 1986-02-14 | Colgate Palmolive Co | DETERGENT FOR WASHING MACHINE AUTOMATIC DISH |
| WO1999003960A3 (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-04-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Use of polyelectrolytes as sequestering agents |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2108564A5 (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1972-05-19 | Economics Lab |
-
1982
- 1982-04-02 EP EP82102823A patent/EP0062858A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-04-02 AU AU82310/82A patent/AU8231082A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2108564A5 (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1972-05-19 | Economics Lab |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2568888A1 (en) * | 1984-08-13 | 1986-02-14 | Colgate Palmolive Co | DETERGENT FOR WASHING MACHINE AUTOMATIC DISH |
| WO1999003960A3 (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-04-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Use of polyelectrolytes as sequestering agents |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU8231082A (en) | 1982-10-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Withdrawal date: 19830111 |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: STANTON, JAMES HERBERT |