EP0061375A1 - Rotor, means and method of making the same by moulding - Google Patents
Rotor, means and method of making the same by moulding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0061375A1 EP0061375A1 EP82400384A EP82400384A EP0061375A1 EP 0061375 A1 EP0061375 A1 EP 0061375A1 EP 82400384 A EP82400384 A EP 82400384A EP 82400384 A EP82400384 A EP 82400384A EP 0061375 A1 EP0061375 A1 EP 0061375A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- core
- axis
- sand
- hub
- blades
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern
- F04D29/2222—Construction and assembly
Definitions
- the present invention relates to impellers and tools and methods for manufacturing them by molding.
- centrifugal radial or centripetal
- axial the fluid particles remain substantially at constant distance from the axis of rotation
- helico-centrifugal or helico-centripetal
- the layout of the blades of these wheels is governed by hydraulic considerations, which in particular define the entry angle, exit angle, length, height, leading edge and profile.
- the resulting dawn has a complicated left shape. It cannot be removed from the mold.
- we create sand cores by assembling sectors which we hold together by neck lage and tie. These assemblies give a foundry piece, which has numerous burrs, which requires subsequent deburring, the dimensions of which are neither precise nor reproducible and whose surface condition is very poor.
- a monobloc core is used and the corer shakes the fins of the core box to remove them from the core during the preparation of the latter.
- the invention overcomes these drawbacks with a helical-centrifugal paddle wheel, the surface condition of which as found in the foundry or molding is an, the dimensions of which are precise and can correspond exactly to the plans supplied to the founder without that -this encounters insurmountable difficulties, and whose manufacture is faster than in the past and can be automated.
- this impeller has at least the same performance as conventional helical-centrifugal wheels and often performs better than the latter.
- the subject of the invention is a paddle wheel, comprising a flange, forming a hub, which is of revolution about an axis and from which helical-centric blades are born. fuges admitting the axis of the hub as a repetition axis, characterized in that the imaginary extension of the generatrix of the flange intersects the axis of the hub and the lower and upper surfaces of the blades extend over portions of cylinder surfaces whose axes are inclined with respect to that of the hub.
- the section of the cylinders is a circle and the flange is substantially frustoconical.
- the invention also relates to a core box which comprises helico-centrifugal blades, with a repetition axis, the lower surface and the upper surface of each blade extending respectively over surface portions of cylinders whose axes of revolution are inclined. compared to that of repetition.
- the method of molding metal impellers according to the invention consists in creating a core of sand in which cavities are formed in the shape of the blades of the molding wheel, in filling these cavities with liquid metal, in allowing the metal to solidify in one piece and destroy the core of sand to release the piece, and is characterized in that it consists in filling the core box with sand according to the invention, in hardening the sand in a core and in demolding the core of the box by removing the blades of the box from the core, imparting a translational movement along their axis of revolution.
- the wheel of FIG. 1 comprises six helico-centrifugal blades 1 (only one of which is shown), the lower surface 2 and the upper surface 3 respectively extending over portions of cylinder surfaces, of circular section, the axes of which Y, Y 'are inclined relative to the axis X, X' of repetition of the blades 1.
- the wheel comprises a flange 4 of revolution around the axis X, X '.
- the flange is substantially frustoconical.
- the vanes 1 start from the flange 4.
- the model plates are obtained in the conventional manner without difficulty.
- the core box essentially consists of a box bottom 11, a set of blades 12 and a cap 13.
- Each blade 12 has a lower surface and an upper surface which extend over portions of surfaces of a cylinder of which the axis is inclined relative to that X, X "of the bottom 11.
- footing 14 It is advisable to add to the dawn proper a part called footing 14 (FIG. 4).
- This "trampling" is embedded in the bottom 11 of the box like a tenon in a mortise and will allow the establishment and disassembly of the blade 12 on the bottom 11 of the box.
- Each blade 12 is removed from the sand core by a translational movement along the axis of the cylinder on which the blade extends.
- the core box makes it possible to manufacture as many cores 11 from sand as there are to be paddle wheels. Each core 11 is placed between the two chassis 9 10. Metal is poured. The cast wheel is released by removing the sand.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte aux roues à aubes et aux outillages et procédés pour les fabriquer par moulage.The present invention relates to impellers and tools and methods for manufacturing them by molding.
On distingue trois types de roues à aubes : celles dites radiales centrifuges (ou centripètes) pour lesquelles les trajectoires des particules fluides sont contenues dans des plans perpendiculaires à l'axe de rotation, sauf au voisinage immédiat de ce dernier; celles dites axiales dans lesquelles les particules fluides restent sensiblement à distance constante de l'axe de rotation; et celles dites hélico-centrifuges (ou hélico-centripètes) intermédiaires entre les deux cas précédents dans lesquelles les aubes sont conformées de manière à ce que les particules de fluide décrivent un trajet ayant à la fois une composante radiale et une composante axiale. C'est ce dernier type de roues que l'invention perfectionne.There are three types of impeller: those called centrifugal radial (or centripetal) for which the paths of the fluid particles are contained in planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation, except in the immediate vicinity of the latter; those called axial in which the fluid particles remain substantially at constant distance from the axis of rotation; and those called helico-centrifugal (or helico-centripetal) intermediate between the two previous cases in which the blades are shaped so that the fluid particles describe a path having both a radial component and an axial component. It is this latter type of wheel that the invention improves.
Le tracé des aubes de ces roues est régi par des considérations hydrauliques, qui en définissent notamment l'angle d'entrée, l'angle de sortie, la longueur, la hauteur, le bord d'attaque et le profil. L'aube qui en résulte a une forme gauche compliquée. Elle n'est pas démoulable. Pour la réaliser en fonderie, on crée des noyaux de sable en assemblant des secteurs que l'on maintient ensemble par collage et par ligaturage. Ces assemblages donnent une pièce de fonderie, qui présente de nombreuses bavures, ce qui nécessite un ébavurage ultérieur, dont les dimensions ne sont ni précises, ni reproductibles et dont l'état de surface est très médiocre. Lorsque les courbures des aubes sont modestes, on utilise un noyau monobloc et le noyauteur ébranle les ailettes de la boîte à noyau pour les sortir du noyau lors de la préparation de ce dernier. Non seulement les noyaux ne répondent plus ainsi aux cotes fixées par l'hydraulicien et diffèrent les uns des autres, mais encore cette différence de cote n'est pas connue de l'hydraulicien et varie, d'une aube à l'autre d'une même roue, d'une manière imprévue, qui dépend d'un mouvement plus ou moins brusque du fondeur. Le fabricant de roues à aubes hélico-centrifuges ne connaît par le profil réel des aubes dont il a pourtant déterminé le profil théorique avec beaucoup de précision et, en raison de cette incertitude de fabrication, il est conduit à prendre des marges de tolérance plus grandes.The layout of the blades of these wheels is governed by hydraulic considerations, which in particular define the entry angle, exit angle, length, height, leading edge and profile. The resulting dawn has a complicated left shape. It cannot be removed from the mold. To make it in foundry, we create sand cores by assembling sectors which we hold together by neck lage and tie. These assemblies give a foundry piece, which has numerous burrs, which requires subsequent deburring, the dimensions of which are neither precise nor reproducible and whose surface condition is very poor. When the curvatures of the blades are modest, a monobloc core is used and the corer shakes the fins of the core box to remove them from the core during the preparation of the latter. Not only do the cores no longer respond to the dimensions set by the hydraulic engineer and differ from one another, but this difference in dimension is not known to the hydraulic engineer and varies from one dawn to the next. the same wheel, in an unforeseen way, which depends on a more or less sudden movement of the founder. The manufacturer of helical-centrifugal impellers does not know the real profile of the blades, the theoretical profile of which he nevertheless determined with great precision, and, because of this manufacturing uncertainty, he is led to take greater tolerance margins .
L'invention remédie à ces inconvénients par une roue à aubes hélico-centrifuges, dont l'état de surface telle que venue de fonderie ou de moulage est impeccable, dont les dimensions sont précises et peuvent correspondre exactement aux plans fournis au fondeur sans que celui-ci se heurte à des difficultés insurmontables, et dont la fabrication est plus rapide que par le passé et peut être automatisée. L'expérience a montré que cette roue à aubes avait au moins les mêmes performances que les roues hélico-centrifuges classiques et souvent des performances supérieures à ces dernières.The invention overcomes these drawbacks with a helical-centrifugal paddle wheel, the surface condition of which as found in the foundry or molding is impeccable, the dimensions of which are precise and can correspond exactly to the plans supplied to the founder without that -this encounters insurmountable difficulties, and whose manufacture is faster than in the past and can be automated. Experience has shown that this impeller has at least the same performance as conventional helical-centrifugal wheels and often performs better than the latter.
L'invention a pour objet une roue à aubes, comprenant un flasque, formant moyeu, qui est de révolution autour d'un axe et duquel naissent des aubes hélico-centrifuges admettant l'axe du moyeu comme axe de répétition, caractérisée en ce que le prolongement imaginaire de la génératrice du flasque coupe l'axe du moyeu et les intrados et extrados des aubes s'étendent sur des portions de surfaces de cylindres dont les axes sont inclinés par rapport à celui du moyeu.The subject of the invention is a paddle wheel, comprising a flange, forming a hub, which is of revolution about an axis and from which helical-centric blades are born. fuges admitting the axis of the hub as a repetition axis, characterized in that the imaginary extension of the generatrix of the flange intersects the axis of the hub and the lower and upper surfaces of the blades extend over portions of cylinder surfaces whose axes are inclined with respect to that of the hub.
De préférence, la section des cylindres est un cercle et le flasque est sensiblement tronconique.Preferably, the section of the cylinders is a circle and the flange is substantially frustoconical.
L'invention vise aussi une boîte à noyau qui comprend des aubes hélico-centrifuges, à axe de répétition, l'intrados et l'extrados de chaque aube s'étendant respectivement sur des portions de surface de cylindres dont les axes de révolution sont inclinés par rapport à celui de répétition.The invention also relates to a core box which comprises helico-centrifugal blades, with a repetition axis, the lower surface and the upper surface of each blade extending respectively over surface portions of cylinders whose axes of revolution are inclined. compared to that of repetition.
Le procédé de moulage de roues à aubes métalliques suivant l'invention consiste à créer un noyau de sable dans lequel sont ménagées des cavités à la forme des aubes de la roue à mouler, à emplir ces cavités de métal liquide, à laisser le métal se solidifier en une pièce et à détruire le noyau de sable pour libérer la pièce, et est caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à emplir de sable la boîte à noyau suivant l'invention, à y durcir le sable en un noyau et à démouler le noyau de la boîte en sortant les aubes de la boîte hors du noyau en leur imprimant un mouvement de translation suivant leur axe de révolution.The method of molding metal impellers according to the invention consists in creating a core of sand in which cavities are formed in the shape of the blades of the molding wheel, in filling these cavities with liquid metal, in allowing the metal to solidify in one piece and destroy the core of sand to release the piece, and is characterized in that it consists in filling the core box with sand according to the invention, in hardening the sand in a core and in demolding the core of the box by removing the blades of the box from the core, imparting a translational movement along their axis of revolution.
Aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple :
- La figure 1 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une roue à aubes suivant l'invention.
- La figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un moule pour mouler la roue de la figure 1.
- La figure 3 est une vue éclatée, avec arrachement partiel, d'une boîte à noyau permettant d'obtenir le noyau mis en oeuvre dans le moule de la figure 2; et
- La figure 4 est une vue en coupe d'une aube de la boite à noyau.
- Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of a paddle wheel according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a mold for molding the wheel of FIG. 1.
- Figure 3 is an exploded view, partially broken away, of a core box to obtain the core used in the mold of Figure 2; and
- Figure 4 is a sectional view of a blade of the core box.
La roue de la figure 1 comprend six aubes 1 hélico-centrifuges (dont une seule est représentée), dont l'intrados 2 et l'extrados 3 s'étendent respectivement sur des portions de surfaces de cylindres, de section circulaire, dont les axes Y, Y' sont inclinés par rapport à l'axe X, X' de répétition des aubes 1. La roue comprend un flasque 4 de révolution autour de l'axe X, X'. Le flasque est sensiblement tronconique. Les aubes 1 partent du flasque 4.The wheel of FIG. 1 comprises six helico-centrifugal blades 1 (only one of which is shown), the lower surface 2 and the
La roue est fabriquée, en fonderie, à l'aide de deux châssis 9, 10 inférieur et supérieur emplis de sable, épousant les formes extérieures de la roue et, entre les deux châssis, d'un noyau 8 de sable reproduisant la forme intérieure de la roue. (figure 2)
- - après la coulée et le refroidissement du métal, le sable est détruit et on obtient la roue brute de fonderie.
- - after the casting and cooling of the metal, the sand is destroyed and the raw foundry wheel is obtained.
Pour la réalisation des deux châssis et du noyau, il est nécessaire de posséder :
- - deux plaques modèles reproduisant la face avant et la face arrière de la roue;
- - une boîte à noyau (figure 3) pour la réalisation du noyau.
- - two model plates reproducing the front face and the rear face of the wheel;
- - a core box (Figure 3) for making the core.
Les plaques modèles sont obtenues à la manière classique sans difficulté.The model plates are obtained in the conventional manner without difficulty.
La boîte à noyau se compose essentiellement d'un fond de boîte 11, d'un ensemble d'aubes 12 et d'une coiffe 13. Chaque aube 12 a un intrados et un extrados qui s'étendent sur des portions de surfaces d'un cylindre dont l'axe est incliné par rapport à celui X, X" du fond 11.The core box essentially consists of a
Il convient d'ajouter à l'aube proprement dite une partie appelée piétage 14 (figure 4).It is advisable to add to the dawn proper a part called footing 14 (FIG. 4).
Ce "piétage" est encastré dans le fond 11 de boîte comme un tenon dans une mortaise et permettra la mise en place et la démontabilité de l'aube 12 sur le fond 11 de boite. On retire chaque aube 12 du noyau de sable par un mouvement de translation suivant l'axe du cylindre sur lequel s'étend l'aube.This "trampling" is embedded in the
La boîte à noyau permet de fabriquer autant de noyaux 11 en sable que l'on veut fabriquer de roues à aube. Chaque noyau 11 est placé entre les deux châssis 9 10. On coule du métal. On libère la roue coulée en enlevant le sable.The core box makes it possible to manufacture as
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8105063A FR2501801A1 (en) | 1981-03-13 | 1981-03-13 | AUB WHEEL AND TOOLS AND METHODS FOR MAKING THEM BY MOLDING |
FR8105063 | 1981-03-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0061375A1 true EP0061375A1 (en) | 1982-09-29 |
Family
ID=9256219
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82400384A Withdrawn EP0061375A1 (en) | 1981-03-13 | 1982-03-05 | Rotor, means and method of making the same by moulding |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0061375A1 (en) |
BE (1) | BE892410A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2501801A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2094897A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1157637B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0864758A3 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1999-10-06 | Dab Pumps S.p.A. | Impeller for turbine pumps provided with vanes having an improved profile |
CN111790903A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-20 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯空气动力股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for casting a rotor having a longitudinal axis |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3736175A1 (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1989-05-11 | Ksb Ag | Blank for a centrifugal pump impeller |
US6663347B2 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2003-12-16 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Cast titanium compressor wheel |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH346644A (en) * | 1955-11-11 | 1960-05-31 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Impeller for centrifugal compressor |
US3206807A (en) * | 1964-10-29 | 1965-09-21 | Worthington Corp | Method of and means for making cores for impellers of the francis type |
DE1508710A1 (en) * | 1964-10-26 | 1969-10-30 | North American Rockwell | Method and device for manufacturing cores for casting blade wheels |
FR2396191A1 (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1979-01-26 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | DIAGONAL FLOW FAN ROTOR WHOSE BLADES HAVE A DEVELOPABLE SURFACE |
US4231413A (en) * | 1979-02-27 | 1980-11-04 | Graham Bretzger | Assembly for and method of making mold and casting of one-piece impellers |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB823275A (en) * | 1955-11-11 | 1959-11-11 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Improvements in or relating to rotor blades for radial-flow compressors |
-
1981
- 1981-03-13 FR FR8105063A patent/FR2501801A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1982
- 1982-02-24 IT IT12447/82A patent/IT1157637B/en active
- 1982-03-05 EP EP82400384A patent/EP0061375A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-03-08 BE BE6/47619A patent/BE892410A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-03-15 GB GB8207477A patent/GB2094897A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH346644A (en) * | 1955-11-11 | 1960-05-31 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Impeller for centrifugal compressor |
DE1508710A1 (en) * | 1964-10-26 | 1969-10-30 | North American Rockwell | Method and device for manufacturing cores for casting blade wheels |
US3206807A (en) * | 1964-10-29 | 1965-09-21 | Worthington Corp | Method of and means for making cores for impellers of the francis type |
FR2396191A1 (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1979-01-26 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | DIAGONAL FLOW FAN ROTOR WHOSE BLADES HAVE A DEVELOPABLE SURFACE |
US4231413A (en) * | 1979-02-27 | 1980-11-04 | Graham Bretzger | Assembly for and method of making mold and casting of one-piece impellers |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0864758A3 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1999-10-06 | Dab Pumps S.p.A. | Impeller for turbine pumps provided with vanes having an improved profile |
US6082000A (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 2000-07-04 | Dab Pumps S.P.A. | Method for producing an impeller for turbine pumps provided with vanes having an improved profile |
CN111790903A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-20 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯空气动力股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for casting a rotor having a longitudinal axis |
CN111790903B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2021-09-21 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯空气动力股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for casting a rotor having a longitudinal axis |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE892410A (en) | 1982-09-08 |
IT8212447A0 (en) | 1982-02-24 |
FR2501801A1 (en) | 1982-09-17 |
GB2094897A (en) | 1982-09-22 |
IT1157637B (en) | 1987-02-18 |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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Inventor name: DEGAY, MICHEL Inventor name: CHADAINEAU, JOEL |