EP0053875B1 - Wärmeisolierende Auskleidungsplatte für hohe Temperaturen - Google Patents

Wärmeisolierende Auskleidungsplatte für hohe Temperaturen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053875B1
EP0053875B1 EP81305119A EP81305119A EP0053875B1 EP 0053875 B1 EP0053875 B1 EP 0053875B1 EP 81305119 A EP81305119 A EP 81305119A EP 81305119 A EP81305119 A EP 81305119A EP 0053875 B1 EP0053875 B1 EP 0053875B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
portions
furnace
heat
wall
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81305119A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0053875A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Michael Miller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Engineered Thermal Systems Inc
Original Assignee
Eltech Systems Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eltech Systems Corp filed Critical Eltech Systems Corp
Priority to AT81305119T priority Critical patent/ATE24351T1/de
Publication of EP0053875A1 publication Critical patent/EP0053875A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0053875B1 publication Critical patent/EP0053875B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/144—Supports for ceramic fibre materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F27D1/0009—Comprising ceramic fibre elements
    • F27D1/0013—Comprising ceramic fibre elements the fibre elements being in the form of a folded blanket or a juxtaposition of folded blankets
    • F27D1/0016—Interleaved multiple folded blankets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat insulating wall element comprising a heat insulating lining and a backing structure, the lining comprising portions of ceramic fibrous material and being arranged in side-by-side relation, each portion having spaced apart leg portions with a space in between, one leg of one portion being received in the space between the legs of its neighbouring portion, the portions of ceramic fiber material being fastened to a grid-like structural member.
  • Such panels are of value in the heat insulation of high temperature enclosures or parts thereof, examples being (but not limited to) ceramic or refractory kilns, ovens, furnaces such as billet of slab reheat furnaces, forge furnaces: B.O.F.
  • the insulation may be applied to any wall of the enclosure or part, and the term is intended to cover a side wall, roof or floor, movable or fixed, and the area defining an inlet.
  • the wall element comprises a backing element and an insulation material which is usually a ceramic fiber.
  • the ceramic fiber material will typically be an aluminosilicate. Such materials are available from many commercial sources: KAWOOL from Babcock and Wilcox, CERA-BLANKET R or CERAFELT” from Johns Manville and FIBERFRAXR or DURABLANKET R from Carborundum Corporation:
  • the mat may be in the form of a felt, a.blanket either needled or chemically bonded, a cloth, paper or flexible board.
  • French patent application 23 88 197 discloses an insulating wall construction wherein a wall member comprises a grid fastened to the wall member on the side which is intended to be the interior side of an insulated chamber and U-folded or interengaged fiber mats are stacked adjacent to this grid.
  • the fiber mats contain rods in their folds and hooks engage the grid and the rods thereby fastening the fiber mats to the wall member.
  • an insulating wall panel as described at the beginning which is further characterized in that the backing element is constituted by the grid-like member being a lightweight open mesh, and that the heat insulating lining is connected to the backing element by tie wires.
  • the space of each portion receives two legs from other portions, one leg from the immediate neighbouring portion on one side and one leg from the next to neighbouring portion on the other side.
  • the legs are so received in the space as to leave a gap in the space to receive a mounting element for holding the lining to the backing element.
  • the mounting element is preferably a rod which is tied by tie wires to the backing element.
  • the backing element is most preferably a lightweight open mesh e.g. of steel.
  • each portion remote from the backing element and thus in use the so-called hot face have a lower thermal conductivity from those adjacent the backing element. It is much preferred that each portion comprises a length of flexible ceramic fibrous material folded to have the spaced apart leg portions and an integral bight.
  • the wall panel of the invention may constitute a part of a heat enclosure of the types specified above.
  • compressible heat insulating means is arranged to compress the portions together.
  • Such means may be a blanket or sheets of loose fibrous mats.
  • the enclosure comprises a forge furnace since, when the sides of such a furnace is formed of the wall panels of the invention the method of manufacture. and economies of use are seen to good advantage.
  • the furnace is lighter in weight, has a fast heat up and short cool down period, and heat leakages can be detected quickly and repaired easily from outside the furnace.
  • the heating up time can be cut by up to 50%, depending on the operating temperature.
  • the furnace may be cooled to a temperature at which an operator can do routine maintenance work four or five times faster than is otherwise the case.
  • the insulation I is held to a mesh wall W which, in the wall panel shown in Figure 1, is substantially vertical.
  • the insulation comprises a vertical stack of mats M each formed of a ceramic fibre blanket.
  • This material may be selected from a variety of commercially available blankets; flexible blankets are preferred.
  • One suitable commercially available material is DURABLANKET (Carborundum Company, New York, U.S.A.).
  • the thermal conductivity and thickness of the blanket will be selected according to use.
  • the mats M1, M3, M5 etc adjacent the wall W have one level of conductivity and those remote from the wall W, M2, M4, M6 etc. and in use the hot face exposed to heat, have a lower level of thermal conductivity.
  • Each mat is folded into generally U-shaped section having two spaced apart leg portions 1 and 2, joined by an integral bight portion 3 and separated by a space S.
  • the mats are arranged alternately so that the exterior of any bight portion 3 faces outwardly of the stack.
  • the mats of the stack are interdigitated as shown by locating the upper leg 1 of each mat M in the facing space S between the legs 1, 2 of its immediate upper neighbour and the lower leg thereof in the space between the legs of the mat next to its lower neighbour.
  • the space of the mat M5 receives a leg from each of mat M6 and mat M4.
  • the space S of one mat thus receive one leg from each of two other mats and the stack is held in continuous unbroken relation.
  • a support rod 4 is present in the gap 5 between the inner bight surface of each , of the mats adjacent the wall W and the ends of the legs received in that mat, and the rod 4 is joined to the mesh wall by tie wires 6.
  • the mats M adjacent the wall W are thus prevented from moving vertically or horizontally away from the wall W backing element.
  • the hot face mats M2, M4, M6 etc. are held to the cold face mats M1, M3, M5 etc. adjacent the wall by the interengagement of the legs, and this engagement may be enhanced by vertical compression of the mats by means shown in Figure 4.
  • the support rods 4 may be steel rods or tubes about 5 mm in diameter and the tie wires 6 may be annealed steel alloy.
  • the mats may extend about 30 cm away from the wall which may be unflattened steel sheet, about 6 to 8 mm thick.
  • the insulated wall of Figure 1 may be used in a wide variety of heat insulating situations e.g. soaking pit lids or covers. In one particularly useful form, several such walls are incorporated in a slot type forge furnace.
  • the forge furnace 10 of Figures 2 to 7 comprises an open frame including upright supports 12 ' and horizontal lower front and rear frame members 14 and 16 ( Figure 3) and lower side members 18 ( Figure 4) and 20.
  • a floor 22 supports a steel bed plate 24 which in turn supports a refractory brick 26 defining the furnace bottom.
  • the frame includes horizontal upper front and rear frame members 30 and 32, and horizontal upper side members 34 and 36.
  • extra upright supports 38 extend between lower supports members 16,18 and 20 and upper supports 32, 34 and 36 respectively.
  • a removable lid comprises top frame members .40, 42, 44 and 46 having angle iron supports 40a, 42a, 44a and 46a ( Figures 3 and 4).
  • Support plates 48 and 50 extend across the top face of the lid and the plates 50 have holes 52 so that the lid can be lifted e.g. by an overhead crane.
  • the furnace has a rear wall 54, sidewalls 56 and 58 and a topwall 60. These walls each comprise wall panels W according to Figure 1. The walls are welded to the frame members and the extra supports 38 prevent the respective wall panel being deflected out of the furnace frame.
  • the furnace chamber may be about 95 cm high, 95 cm deep and 2 to 3 metres wide.
  • a burner unit B is mounted in an opening in the sidewalls 56, 58 and the respective support rods 4 are stopped short to allow the unit B to protrude into the interior of the furnace.
  • firebricks 80 are present about the periphery of the furnace floor.
  • Figure 6 shows a corner in which adjacent mats M are cut to form vertical walls 86, 87, 88 and 89 whereby the mats interengage to form a Z-path to prevent heat leaking outside the furnace.
  • a plurality of flat sheets or blankets 82 of fibrous heat insulating material are secured within and below the lid frame by spikes 84 ( Figure 3) protruding through holes in the lid sidewalls 40 and 42.
  • the fibrous insulating material of the mats may shrink slightly during initial operation of the furnace, and the flat or folded sheets pf the insulating material will counteract this.
  • the construction of the wall assemblies with the mats compressed transverse to the planes thereof serves to compensate for shrinkage and shrinkage is further compensated for by compressing the adjacent rows of mats in the direction of the axes of the support rods 4.
  • the furnace 10 includes a heat shield 90 comprising an angle iron frame defined by top and bottom 92 and 94, and sides 96 and 98; support plates 100 are welded to the top and bottom members.
  • a sheet of open metal mesh material 102 preferably expanded sheet metal W, is welded to the heat shield frame and the underlying flanges of the angle iron.
  • One or more mats of fibrous insulating material 104 overlie the expanded metal 102, and the mats are held on the heat shield frame by an overlying open metal mesh 106 welded to the inner side of the frame.
  • the open metal mesh 106 may be an expanded sheet of metal of lighter gauge material than material 102 or a wire screen.
  • the front wall of the furnace comprises lintel blocks 108 of cast refractory supported above the furnace floor by refractory bricks 110 to define openings 112 into the furnace chamber.
  • the presence of fibrous insulating material enables the use of shorter lintels than previously required.
  • the space between the tops of blocks 108 and top wall assembly 60 is filled with mats of the invention.
  • the mats above lintel blocks 108 are retained against lateral inward displacement relative to the furnace chamber by means of spaced apart wire staves 114 clamped to the frame members 30 and 40.
  • the lintel in a furnace is generally directly exposed to heat within the furnace chamber. This, together with the massiveness of the lintel and the high heat retention characteristic thereof, directly affects the time required to heat the furnace chamber to an operating temperature upon start up and to cool the chamber upon shut down.
  • the mats of the invention reduce both the heating up and cooling down times for the furnace.
  • the lowermost mats of insulating material overlying lintel blocks 108 are U-shaped mats having parallel juxtaposed outer leg portions 116a between the upper sides of blocks 108 and the undersides of mats and the parallel juxtaposed inner legs 116b extending downwardly along the inner sides of blocks 108 and having an integral bridging portion 116c therebetween and adjacent the lower ends of the lintel blocks.
  • Legs 116b may be bonded to one another and/or to the inner sides of blocks 108, if desired, to assure retention of the inner ends of the mats againstthe lintel blocks.
  • the mats may be of low thermal conductivity.
  • openings 112 into the furnace chamber are defined by the undersides of lintel blocks 108 and the upperside of refractory brick sill plates 118.
  • Sill plates 118 extend between support bricks,110 for the lintel blocks and have corresponding outer edges 118a and inner edges 118b.
  • the furnace floor for supporting workpieces to be heated is preferably covered by a granular refractory material 120, such as dolomite, which covers refractory material 26 inwardly of inner edges 118b of the sill plates and the inner sides of support bricks 110.
  • Sill plates 118 have a vertical thickness which provides for furnace openings 112 to have a desired maximum vertical dimension, and the sills are retained against lateral outward displacement from the furnace by an angle iron retainer 122 overlying the upper flange of frame member 14.
  • Retainer 122 extends across the front of the furnace for the upright flange of the retaining member to engage outer ends 118a of the sill members.
  • Retainer 122 is removably connected with frame member 14 by bolts 124, and removal of the retainer provides access to the outer ends of sill members 118 to allow shims to be placed between the sills and the underlying refractory material 26 to elevate the sill members and thus reduce the vertical heights of openings 112.
  • the retainer 122 is remounted on flange member 14to engage the outer ends of the sill members against outward displacement relative to the furnace.
  • the vertical heights of openings 112 can of course be reduced by a dimension corresponding to the height of the upright flanges of retaining member 122 without eliminating the retention capabilities thereof. It will be appreciated too that the vertical heights of openings 112 can be reduced beyond the dimension corresponding to the upright flange of retaining member 122 by introducing spacers between the retaining member and the underlying flange of frame member 14, thus to elevate the retaining member.
  • the size of the furnace openings 112 can be thus adjusted without disturbing the positions of the lintel blocks 108.
  • the lintel blocks can be cast into position.
  • recesses 126 are present for vertical alignment of the blocks and when the blocks are in place, this is filled with a cement 128 which bonds the blocks 108 together and seals the joint.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Wärmeisolierendes Wandelement umfassend eine wärmeisolierende Auskleidung und ein Stützelement, welche Auskleidung Abschnitte aus keramischem Fasermaterial aufweist, die nebeneinander angeordnet sind, wobei jeder Abschnitt voneinander abstehende Schenkelteile und einen Raum dazwischen aufweist, sodaß ein Schenkel eines Abschnittes im Raum zwischen den Schenkeln seines benachbarten Abschnittes aufgenommen wird, und wobei die Abschnitte aus keramischem Fasermaterial an einem gitterähnlichen Bauelement befestigt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stützelement (W) von dem gitterähnlichen Bauelement gebildet ist, welches aus einem leichtgewichtigen offenen Netzwerk besteht und daß die wärmeisolierende Auskleidung an dem Stützelement (W) mittels Verbindungsdrähten (6) befestigt ist.
2. Wandelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schenkel (1, 2) derart im Raum (S) eines Abschnittes (M) aufgenommen sind, daß im Raum (S) ein Zwischenraum (5) gebildet ist, welcher ein Montageelement (4) enthält, durch welches die Auskleidung an dem Stützelement (W) haltbar ist.
3. Wandelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vom Stützelement (W) abgelegenen und im Gebrauch die heiße Seite des Wandelements bildenden Schenkelteile (M2, M4, M6, M8) eine andere thermische Leitfähigkeit aufweisen, als die am Stützelement (W) anliegenden Schenkelteile (M1, M3, M5, M7).
4. Eine Hochtemperatur-Kammer oder eine Teil davon, welche ein wärmeisolierendes Wandelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1-3 umfaßt.
5. Kammer nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschnitte (M1-M8) und die Matten (82) zur Kompensation eventueller Schrumpfungen zusammengepreßt angeordnet sind.
6. Kammer nach Anspruch 5, welche ein Schmiedeofen (10) ist, dessen Seitenwände Wandelemente nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1-3 aufweisen und dessen entfernbarer Deckel Faserfolien oder Fasermatten umfaßt, wobei die an die Seitenwände (54, 56, 58) des Ofens (10) angrenzenden Abschnitte (M1-M8) aus Fasermaterial durch jenen Deckel zusammengepreßt sind.
7. Kammer nach Anspruch 6, welche einen Türsturz (108) aufweist, der durch Matten (116) aus jenem Fasermaterial isoliert ist.
EP81305119A 1980-12-05 1981-10-29 Wärmeisolierende Auskleidungsplatte für hohe Temperaturen Expired EP0053875B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81305119T ATE24351T1 (de) 1980-12-05 1981-10-29 Waermeisolierende auskleidungsplatte fuer hohe temperaturen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21355780A 1980-12-05 1980-12-05
US213557 1988-06-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0053875A1 EP0053875A1 (de) 1982-06-16
EP0053875B1 true EP0053875B1 (de) 1986-12-17

Family

ID=22795561

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81305119A Expired EP0053875B1 (de) 1980-12-05 1981-10-29 Wärmeisolierende Auskleidungsplatte für hohe Temperaturen

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EP (1) EP0053875B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE24351T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3175727D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4802425A (en) * 1982-12-16 1989-02-07 The Babcock & Wilcox Company High temperature fiber system with controlled shrinkage and stress resistance
US4791769A (en) * 1984-04-19 1988-12-20 Eltech Systems Corporation Movable heat chamber insulating structure
JP3450798B2 (ja) 1999-04-27 2003-09-29 キヤノン株式会社 液体供給システム、該システムに用いられる液体収納容器、該システムを用いたインクジェットヘッドカートリッジ

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3990203A (en) * 1976-03-29 1976-11-09 Greaves James R Insulated ceramic fiber panels for portable high temperature chambers
GB1555459A (en) * 1976-08-19 1979-11-07 Clinother Mltd Heat insulating elemt for furnace construction
FR2388197A1 (fr) * 1977-04-21 1978-11-17 Bertin & Cie Procede et dispositifs de mise en oeuvre d'isolation de paroi
GB2004626B (en) * 1977-09-22 1982-05-06 Studweldpro Uk Ltd Insulation materials
EP0010444A1 (de) * 1978-10-20 1980-04-30 Ductile Hot Mill Limited Aufbau einer Ofenwand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0053875A1 (de) 1982-06-16
ATE24351T1 (de) 1987-01-15
DE3175727D1 (en) 1987-01-29

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