EP0053582B1 - Modular construction system composed of joints and shafts for spatial framework structures - Google Patents

Modular construction system composed of joints and shafts for spatial framework structures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053582B1
EP0053582B1 EP81830116A EP81830116A EP0053582B1 EP 0053582 B1 EP0053582 B1 EP 0053582B1 EP 81830116 A EP81830116 A EP 81830116A EP 81830116 A EP81830116 A EP 81830116A EP 0053582 B1 EP0053582 B1 EP 0053582B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shafts
spheres
introduction
caps
converge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81830116A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0053582A1 (en
Inventor
Ettore Ventrella
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81830116T priority Critical patent/ATE32761T1/en
Priority to US06/362,971 priority patent/US4480418A/en
Publication of EP0053582A1 publication Critical patent/EP0053582A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0053582B1 publication Critical patent/EP0053582B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/1906—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor with central spherical, semispherical or polyhedral connecting element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
    • E04B2001/1966—Formlocking connections other than screw connections
    • E04B2001/1969—Ball and socket type connection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1984—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework rectangular, e.g. square, grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1987—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework triangular grid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

1. Joint for spatial framework structures in geometric module with pyramidal base and tetrahedral (fig.1) in which converge same shafts endowed with spheres at the tips directed in every direction in the space, it is composed of two parts jointed together by one central bolt, it is caracterized by two caps of changeable thickness, semispheric and hollow, in which converge twelve shafts (7) (fig. 3) endowed with one sphere (9) through one pipe (8), four horizontal and eight oblique, they are characterized by four large slits (4) orthogonal to each other, to allow the introduction of the spheric terminals of the oblique shafts, and characterized by four semicircular holes (5) to allow the introduction of spheric terminals of the four horizontal shafts, so that the central bolt (1) that cross the hole of the cap is tangent to the spheres of the shafts and at the same time all the spheres are tangent to the hemispheric inside surface of the two caps when these caps are assembled with the introduction of the terminal of the shafts in the slits (4) and (5), allowing their rotation in every direction in the space after the blockage.

Description

L'invention concerne un joint pour structures tridimensionnelles aux grillages spatiaux, de module géométrique de base pyramidale et tétraédrique, composé par deux calottes d'épaisseur variable, hémisphériques, creuses et symétriques, objet fondamental du brevet, lesquelles, unies ensemble par un boulon central qui les traverse, renferment les bouts sphériques de douze hampes, au moyen de quatre grandes fentes orthogonales entre elles et quatre trous semi-circulaires aussi disposés orthogonalement, qui sont placés dans chacune des deux calottes.The invention relates to a joint for three-dimensional structures with spatial grids, of geometric pyramidal and tetrahedral base module, composed by two caps of variable thickness, hemispherical, hollow and symmetrical, fundamental object of the patent, which, joined together by a central bolt which crosses them, enclose the spherical ends of twelve shafts, by means of four large orthogonal slits between them and four semi-circular holes also arranged orthogonally, which are placed in each of the two caps.

Les structures réticulaires spatiales à module de base pyramidale et tétraédrique sont des structures très particulières. Elles sont composées par une multiplicité de joints et de hampes et sont caractérisées par la convergence, en chacun joint, de douze hampes, quatre desquelles se trouvent sur le même plan horizontal en formant des grilles carrées, et huit oblique directes en toutes les directions, quatre pour chaque partie d'espace définie par les hampes horizontales.Spatial reticular structures with a pyramidal and tetrahedral base module are very specific structures. They are composed by a multiplicity of joints and stems and are characterized by the convergence, in each joint, of twelve stems, four of which lie on the same horizontal plane by forming square grids, and eight direct oblique in all directions, four for each part of space defined by the horizontal stems.

On connaît déjà deux types de joints où ils convergent des hampes douées de sphères aux extrémités et formés par deux parties symétriques unies ensemble par un boulon central (DE-A-2 815 243 et DE-A-2 520 510) correspondants en part au préambule de la revendication 1. Le brevet DE-A-2 815 243 est composé par deux plats plans (1) qui, au moyen des cavités (3) renferment les bouts sphériques des hampes (8), au moyen d'un boulon central (5). Ce système-ci permet l'assemblage d'un maximum de six hampes qui sont toutes disposées sur le même plan. Le plat (1) permet donc seulement la réalisation de structures planes à deux dimensions. D'une manière analogue le brevet DE-A-2520510 est formé par deux parties symmétriques (14) et par une partie centrale (12), lesquelles, au moyen d'un boulon central (24) permettent l'introduction de dix hampes convergentes, mais toutes perpendiculaires entre elles. Ce système-ci permet seulement la réalisation de structures orthogonales à module de base cubique droit. A cela s'ajoute le fait que dans les brevets cités, les rendements de traction des hampes ne sont pas suffisamment absorbés par les deux parties, et même en changeant leur épaisseur, il n'est pas possible d'équilibrer ces efforts lorsqu'ils sont élevés. En effet, en augmentant l'épaisseur des plats de DE-A-2 815 243, on n'a aucun avantage pour empêcher la sortie des sphères au dehors des cavités (3) lorsque il y a des efforts de traction plus grands. D'une manière analogue en DE-A-2520510 le rendement de traction de l'hampe est absorbé seulement des évasements (18), (20), (22) du noeud, indépendamment de l'épaisseur des éléments (14) et (12) qui composent le joint.We already know two types of joints where they converge stems endowed with spheres at the ends and formed by two symmetrical parts united together by a central bolt (DE-A-2 815 243 and DE-A-2 520 510) corresponding in part to preamble of claim 1. Patent DE-A-2 815 243 is composed by two flat plates (1) which, by means of the cavities (3) enclose the spherical ends of the stems (8), by means of a central bolt (5). This system allows the assembly of a maximum of six stems which are all arranged on the same plane. The plate (1) therefore only allows the production of two-dimensional flat structures. In an analogous manner the patent DE-A-2520510 is formed by two symmetrical parts (14) and by a central part (12), which, by means of a central bolt (24) allow the introduction of ten converging stems , but all perpendicular to each other. This system only allows the creation of orthogonal structures with a right cubic base module. Added to this is the fact that in the cited patents, the shaft traction yields are not sufficiently absorbed by the two parts, and even by changing their thickness, it is not possible to balance these forces when are high. Indeed, by increasing the thickness of the plates of DE-A-2 815 243, there is no advantage in preventing the exit of the spheres outside the cavities (3) when there are greater tensile forces. In a similar manner in DE-A-2520510 the traction efficiency of the shaft is absorbed only from the flares (18), (20), (22) of the knot, independently of the thickness of the elements (14) and ( 12) which make up the joint.

Le but de la présente invention est la réalisation de grandes structures spatiales tridimensionnelles à module de base pyramidale et tétraédrique, formées par des joints où convergent en même temps douze hampes : quatre directes selon un plan horizontal, et huit directes en toutes les directions dans l'espace. Cette configuration géométrique est impossible à réaliser par les deux brevets cités, même en leur combination. Un autre but de la présente invention est d'équilibrer les rendements de traction par la variation d'épaisseur de la calotte, de sorte que toutes les forces sont facilement absorbées par le joint.The aim of the present invention is the production of large three-dimensional spatial structures with a pyramidal and tetrahedral base module, formed by joints where twelve poles converge at the same time: four direct in a horizontal plane, and eight direct in all directions in the 'space. This geometric configuration is impossible to achieve by the two cited patents, even in their combination. Another object of the present invention is to balance the traction yields by varying the thickness of the cap, so that all the forces are easily absorbed by the joint.

La présente invention résout le problème de réaliser la convergence de douze hampes directes en toutes les directions dans l'espace, au moyen de la particulière forme de la calotte hémisphérique et creuse, et des fentes qui permettent l'introduction des hampes. En même temps les efforts de traction des hampes sont absorbés par la calotte qui peut varier sa propre épaisseur sans altérer le mécanisme intérieur du nceud.The present invention solves the problem of achieving the convergence of twelve direct rods in all directions in space, by means of the particular shape of the hemispherical and hollow cap, and of the slots which allow the introduction of the rods. At the same time the traction forces of the poles are absorbed by the cap which can vary its own thickness without altering the internal mechanism of the knot.

Les avantages obtenus grâce à cette invention consistent essentiellement à réaliser des structures réticulaires spatiales à module de base pyramidale et tétraédrique, où, dans tous les noeuds, ils convergent douze hampes, fournies d'une bille pour chacun de leurs bouts, assemblées au moyen d'un boulon central, où les efforts de traction sont absorbés par l'épaisseur de la calotte et par des nervures extérieures. Le noeud est, sous le point de vue statique, une charnière, et ça permet l'introduction de hampes de différente longueur dans la même structure, en réalisant toutes les formes soit courbes, soit planes, dans l'espace.The advantages obtained thanks to this invention essentially consist in making spatial reticular structures with a pyramidal and tetrahedral base module, where, in all the nodes, they converge twelve shafts, supplied with a ball for each of their ends, assembled by means of '' a central bolt, where the tensile forces are absorbed by the thickness of the cap and by external ribs. The knot is, from the static point of view, a hinge, and that allows the introduction of stems of different length in the same structure, by realizing all the forms either curved, or plane, in space.

L'invention est exposée ci-après plus en détail à l'aide de dessins représentant seulement un mode d'exécution.The invention is set out below in more detail with the aid of drawings representing only one embodiment.

La figure 1 représente les schémas géométriques réalisables conformément à la présente invention, et le module de base pyramidale et tétraédrique composé par des noeuds dans lesquels ils convergent douze hampes.FIG. 1 represents the geometrical diagrams achievable in accordance with the present invention, and the pyramidal and tetrahedral basic module composed by nodes in which they converge twelve shafts.

La figure 2 représente les plans et les coupes de la calotte, objet du présent brevet, dont le joint est composé.Figure 2 shows the plans and sections of the cap, object of this patent, of which the seal is composed.

La figure 3 représente les hampes qui composent le joint, conformément à la présente invention.Figure 3 shows the stems that make up the joint, in accordance with the present invention.

La figure 4 représente la vue d'ensemble en axonométrie et l'assemblage des pièces.Figure 4 shows the overview in axonometry and the assembly of parts.

Les figures représentent les schémas géométriques et un joint pour structures réticulaires spatiales à module de base pyramidal et tétraédrique. Le joint (fig. 2) assemble 12 hampes (fig. 4) et est composé essentiellement par deux calottes hémisphériques creuses et symétriques, douées de quatre grandes fentes 4 orthogonales entre elles, et quatre trous semi-circulaires 5 aussi disposés orthogonalement ; les fentes 4 servent pour l'introduction des bouts sphériques des hampes obliques, les trous semi-circulaires 5 servent pour l'introduction des bouts sphériques des hampes horizontales. Les calottes sont assemblées par le boulon 1 (fig. 4) qui, à travers un trou central 2 de la calotte, renferme douze hampes 7 liées par le raccord 8 aux sphères 9, par un écrou 10 qui peut s'introduire dans une emboi- ture 3. Soit les quatre sphères des hampes horizontales, que les sphères des hampes obliques, sont tangentes directement entre elles et au boulon central 1.The figures represent the geometrical diagrams and a joint for spatial reticular structures with pyramidal and tetrahedral basic module. The joint (fig. 2) assembles 12 stems (fig. 4) and is essentially composed by two hollow, symmetrical hemispherical caps, endowed with four large slots 4 orthogonal to each other, and four semi-circular holes 5 also arranged orthogonally; the slots 4 are used for the introduction of the spherical ends of the oblique shafts, the semi-circular holes 5 are used for the introduction of the spherical ends of the horizontal shafts. The caps are assembled by bolt 1 (fig. 4) which, through a central hole 2 in the cap, contains twelve shafts 7 linked by the fitting 8 to the spheres 9, by a nut 10 which can be inserted into a socket 3. Either the four spheres of the horizontal shafts, than the spheres of the shafts oblique, are tangent directly to each other and to the central bolt 1.

Conformément à la présente invention, les sousmentionnées fentes 4 et les trous 5, permettent une facile introduction des sphères 9, et la suivante rotation d'elles après le blocage. La calotte représentée en fig. 2 et fig. 4, est pourvue extérieurement de nervures 6 pour absorber les efforts de traction des hampes.In accordance with the present invention, the sub-mentioned slots 4 and the holes 5 allow easy introduction of the spheres 9, and the following rotation of them after blocking. The cap shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, is provided externally with ribs 6 to absorb the tensile forces of the poles.

Claims (2)

1. Joint for spatial framework structures in geometric module with pyramidal base and tetrahedral (fig. 1) in which converge same shafts endowed with spheres at the tips directed in every direction in the space, it is composed of two parts jointed together by one central bolt, it is carac- terized by two caps of changeable thickness, semispheric and hollow, in which converge twelve shafts (7) (fig. 3) endowed with one sphere (9) through one pipe (8), four horizontal and eight oblique, they are characterized by four large slits (4) orthogonal to each other, to allow the introduction of the spheric terminals of the oblique shafts, and characterized by four semicircular holes (5) to allow the introduction of spheric terminals of the four horizontal shafts, so that the central bolt (1) that cross the hole of the cap is tangent to the spheres of the shafts and at the same time all the spheres are tangent to the hemispheric inside surface of the two caps when these caps are assembled with the introduction of the terminal of the shafts in the slits (4) and (5), allowing their rotation in every direction in the space after the blockage.
2. Joint according to 1, it is characterized by the outside stiffening (6) to balance the traction efforts of the shafts (7) on the cap surface.
EP81830116A 1980-12-03 1981-07-14 Modular construction system composed of joints and shafts for spatial framework structures Expired EP0053582B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81830116T ATE32761T1 (en) 1980-12-03 1981-07-14 SYSTEM OF A MODULAR CONSTRUCTION OF JOINTS AND RODS FOR SPATIAL FRAMEWORKS.
US06/362,971 US4480418A (en) 1981-07-14 1982-03-29 Modular system for space grid structures

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8040454A IT1209778B (en) 1980-12-03 1980-12-03 MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM COMPOSED OF JOINTS AND RODS FOR SPACE RETICULAR STRUCTURES
IT4045480 1980-12-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0053582A1 EP0053582A1 (en) 1982-06-09
EP0053582B1 true EP0053582B1 (en) 1988-03-02

Family

ID=11249848

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81830116A Expired EP0053582B1 (en) 1980-12-03 1981-07-14 Modular construction system composed of joints and shafts for spatial framework structures

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0053582B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE32761T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3176669D1 (en)
IT (1) IT1209778B (en)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE8405432L (en) * 1983-11-09 1985-05-10 Dymet Dimensions CLUTCH FOR POSITIONS AND SIMILAR
GB8330122D0 (en) * 1983-11-11 1983-12-21 Stephenson C J S Connector for framework structure
FR2566851B1 (en) * 1984-06-29 1986-12-26 Technal France UNIVERSAL ASSEMBLY NODE ASSEMBLY FOR A THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE
CH668104A5 (en) * 1984-11-28 1988-11-30 Paul H Hirzel CONNECTING ARRANGEMENT FOR STRUTS.
EP0267914A4 (en) * 1985-08-16 1989-01-24 Garry Randall Hart Adjustable space frames.
DE8712119U1 (en) * 1987-09-07 1987-10-29 Luedemann & Co Werkstaetten Fuer Messestaende, 2000 Norderstedt, De
GB8825597D0 (en) * 1988-11-02 1988-12-07 Universal Components Beam clamp assembly for conservatories
HU205437B (en) * 1989-03-03 1992-04-28 Laszlo Horvath Space-limiting structure particularly for establishing exhibition premises and similars
IT1260770B (en) * 1992-12-10 1996-04-22 Ettore Ventrella JOINT FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL RETICULAR STRUCTURES
GB2300240A (en) * 1995-04-25 1996-10-30 Bailey Ralph Peter Steven Constructional system
AU6087598A (en) 1997-03-11 1998-09-29 Peter Hasler Lattice girder
ES2168982B1 (en) * 2000-08-23 2003-11-01 Riccardo Marzullo MODULAR ELEMENT FOR THE CREATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRIC STRUCTURES.
DE102007014833A1 (en) * 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Technische Universität Dresden Standing glass roof e.g. space framework, for retaining glass panel in roofing of building, has poles and bar joints that are connected by rods such that rods and glass panels have planes arranged at distance from each other in each case
CN105986620A (en) * 2016-07-01 2016-10-05 天津大学 Aluminum alloy welding hollow sphere node
CN113883337B (en) * 2021-09-26 2023-03-24 山东华尔泰建筑工程有限公司 Be applied to fire pipeline erection mechanism in spherical rack steel construction workshop of individual layer

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1459963A1 (en) * 1964-05-20 1969-10-23 Willi Herold Knots for surface or space grids
DE2520510A1 (en) * 1975-05-07 1976-11-18 Otto Baessler CONNECTING NODE
DE2815243A1 (en) * 1978-04-08 1979-10-11 Ernst Ing Grad Sander Nodal connection for hinged bar form network - prevents movement of bars in groups of six inside, and outward movement of triple groups
DE2913703A1 (en) * 1979-04-05 1980-10-16 Vki Rheinhold & Mahla Gmbh Spatial roof support lattice structure nodes - have round peripheral groove for support member socket with rounded ends

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1209778B (en) 1989-08-30
DE3176669D1 (en) 1988-04-07
EP0053582A1 (en) 1982-06-09
IT8040454A0 (en) 1980-12-03
ATE32761T1 (en) 1988-03-15

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