EP0052584A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en acier comprenant des éléments en métal dur - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en acier comprenant des éléments en métal dur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0052584A1
EP0052584A1 EP81850192A EP81850192A EP0052584A1 EP 0052584 A1 EP0052584 A1 EP 0052584A1 EP 81850192 A EP81850192 A EP 81850192A EP 81850192 A EP81850192 A EP 81850192A EP 0052584 A1 EP0052584 A1 EP 0052584A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
inserts
hard material
steel powder
material inserts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81850192A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Raybould Derek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institut Cerac SA
Original Assignee
Institut Cerac SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institut Cerac SA filed Critical Institut Cerac SA
Publication of EP0052584A1 publication Critical patent/EP0052584A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of producing a steel body com prising hard material inserts, e.g. producing drill bits for rock drilling.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a steel body comprising hard material inserts which method avoids machining to close tolerances and where the strength of the final product is not limited by the strength of a soft material between the steel body and the hard material inserts.
  • no machining marks are present on the inside of the steel hole to act as stress raisers and fatigue initiators.
  • the invention also guarantees full support of the bottom of the buttons. The invention also makes it possible to reduce the amount of hard metal inside the steel, resulting in improved economy.
  • the invention which is defined by the subsequent claims, fulfills the above mentioned object by prescribing that steel powder is compacted from a cold state to a high density preform comprising the hard material inserts and that the composition of the steel powder is chosen such that it undergoes substantial shrinkage during the subsequent sintering.
  • the steel powder is compacted by the impact of a high velocity punch, whereby a considerably higher and more uniform density is obtained than with conventional pressing techniques. This applies especially to the regions nearest to the hard material inserts where an adequate powder flow is not obtained with conventional techniques.
  • the hard material inserts may, furthermore, be advantageously provided with surface irregularities, e.g. being rough as compacted and sintered, or otherwise such shaped that they become mechanically locked in the steel body through the compaction.
  • a layer of metal e.g. electro-plated nickel, iron or cobalt
  • the metal layer may be deposited on the hard material inserts in any suitable way.
  • a further advantage with the present invention is obtained if the composition of the steel powder is varied so that a sub-surface layer of lower hardness is obtained. Such a layer would be rapidly removed during operation after the surface layer of normal hardness has been worn down, whereby the self-sharpening of the drill bit is improved.
  • This lower hardness may be obtained through decreasing the copper or carbon content of the alloy, or increasing the nickel content. Variation in hardness may also be used to increase resistance to gauge wear.
  • hard material in the present application mostly refers to hard metals, e.g. various metal carbides
  • the term also includes other suitable hard materials e.g. other carbides or diamonds.
  • hard material inserts which comprise hard metal discs having a surface layer of sintered diamonds. This diamond layer is protected during sintering by nickel plating of the hard metal and the diamonds. Alternatively, the sintering temperature may be reduced.
  • a further advantage obtained with the present invention is that the hard material inserts can have almost any form. This means that they can be given a form which is optimized for a particular application. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a steel body comprising hard material inserts with an overall strength which up to now has been believed to be unobtainable with powder metallurgy.
  • the method according to the present invention is performed in the following way.
  • the preformed hard material inserts are placed on a conventional die in the desired pattern.
  • the die is then placed in a compaction chamber.
  • Steel powder preferably with the above mentioned composition, is then added around the inserts. Normally the lowermost part of the inserts will extend outside the volume of powder.
  • the steel powder is covered by another die or a thin disc. After this the powder is compacted from a cold state to a high density preform. This is preferably performed by means of a high velocity punch, which impacts the powder. Experiments have shown that good results are obtainable in the speed range 100-600 m/s. After compaction the preform is sintered.
  • Sintering should take place at a temperature in the range 1100 to 1250°C and last for 1/2-3 hours. These values depend somewhat on the composition of the alloy and the type of fixation required. A steel powder with the above mentioned composition will, during sintering, undergo a substantial shrinkage, 0.5-2 %. In order to improve the fixation of the inserts a chemical bond between the hard material and the steel may be produced by the use of a flux on the interface of the two materials. After sintering the compact may be either furnace cooled or air cooled or quenched in an oil bath or similar.
  • the back face is machined flat and then friction welded to a steel tube. No special techniques are required for the friction welding. Good results have been obtained with a rotation speed of 1500 rpm, a welding time of 10 seconds and a contact pressure of 20 bar. After this the part is machined to get rid of the weld burr and to obtain the flushing holes.
  • the part is also provided with a thread or other suitable fitment for connection to a drill r od . It is desirable, although not necessary, to temper the finished bit at a temperature of about 200°C.
  • fig. 1 shows a drill bit for rock drilling produced according to the invention.
  • Figs . 2-5 show different embodiments of the drill bit from below.
  • Figs. 6-11 show a number of alternative shapes of hard material inserts for drill bits.
  • the drill bit according to Fig. 1 comprises a head portion 1 comprising a number of hard metal inserts 2. This part of the drill bit has been manufactured with the method according to the invention. Head portion 1 has been connected with a steel tube 3 by friction welding. The drill has further been provided with a thread 4 for the connection with a drill string and a channel 5 for flushing fluid. As can be seen in figs. 2-5 virtually any cross-sectional form can be used for the inserts. In addition to the forms shown almost any prior art form may be used. In figs. 6-11 a number of alternative inserts are shown. These inserts, which are only a few examples of possible forms, have circular cross-sectional areas although they may have other cross-sectional forms, e.g.
  • Fig. 6 shows an insert having negative taper.
  • Fig. 7 shows an insert having a rough surface.
  • fig. 8 the insert is provided with a neck or waist.
  • fig. 9 the insert is provided with several necks.
  • the insert in fig. 10 has a form similar to that of a human tooth.
  • the insert shown in fig. 11 is additionally provided with a neck.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP81850192A 1980-11-13 1981-10-19 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en acier comprenant des éléments en métal dur Withdrawn EP0052584A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8007961 1980-11-13
SE8007961A SE423562B (sv) 1980-11-13 1980-11-13 Forfarande for framstellning av en stalkropp innefattande insatser av hart material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0052584A1 true EP0052584A1 (fr) 1982-05-26

Family

ID=20342228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81850192A Withdrawn EP0052584A1 (fr) 1980-11-13 1981-10-19 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en acier comprenant des éléments en métal dur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0052584A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57101602A (fr)
BR (1) BR8107342A (fr)
SE (1) SE423562B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA817340B (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0111600A1 (fr) * 1982-12-13 1984-06-27 Reed Rock Bit Company Outils de coupe
FR2542649A1 (fr) * 1983-03-19 1984-09-21 Krupp Gmbh Procede de fabrication d'un corps composite expose a une usure, notamment par abrasion
EP0142941A1 (fr) * 1983-10-24 1985-05-29 Smith International, Inc. Outil conique de coupe pour roches à pièces rapportées à liaison métallique
EP0157625A2 (fr) * 1984-04-03 1985-10-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Outil composite
EP0169718A2 (fr) * 1984-07-23 1986-01-29 CDP, Ltd. Outil de coupe conique pour trépan de forage et son procédé de fabrication
US4593776A (en) * 1984-03-28 1986-06-10 Smith International, Inc. Rock bits having metallurgically bonded cutter inserts
EP0194504A2 (fr) * 1985-02-26 1986-09-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Corps composite et son procédé de fabrication
EP0260850A2 (fr) * 1986-09-18 1988-03-23 The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. Matériau composite à gradient de composition
WO2000056487A1 (fr) * 1999-03-20 2000-09-28 Karl Simon Gmbh & Co. Kg Procede pour produire un disque de fraise, et disque de fraise ainsi obtenu
WO2011146955A3 (fr) * 2010-05-26 2012-05-03 Dywidag-Systems International Gmbh Couronne de forage

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6311788A (ja) * 1986-07-01 1988-01-19 川崎重工業株式会社 ロツクビツトコ−ン及びその製造方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB530639A (en) * 1938-06-16 1940-12-17 Meutsch Voigtlaender & Co Process for the production of articles provided with coatings or insets of hard metal
US3673676A (en) * 1970-05-13 1972-07-04 Exxon Production Research Co Method for forming tool assembly
US3837068A (en) * 1971-06-14 1974-09-24 Federal Mogul Corp Method of making a composite high-strength sleeve
FR2384574A1 (fr) * 1977-03-25 1978-10-20 Skf Ind Trading & Dev Procede pour la fabrication d'une tete de forage pourvue d'elements durs et resistant a l'usure, et tete de forage obtenue a l'aide de ce procede
US4164527A (en) * 1974-11-01 1979-08-14 Bakul Valentin N Method of making superhard articles
GB2017153A (en) * 1978-03-13 1979-10-03 Krupp Gmbh Method of Producing Composite Hard Metal Bodies

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB530639A (en) * 1938-06-16 1940-12-17 Meutsch Voigtlaender & Co Process for the production of articles provided with coatings or insets of hard metal
US3673676A (en) * 1970-05-13 1972-07-04 Exxon Production Research Co Method for forming tool assembly
US3837068A (en) * 1971-06-14 1974-09-24 Federal Mogul Corp Method of making a composite high-strength sleeve
US4164527A (en) * 1974-11-01 1979-08-14 Bakul Valentin N Method of making superhard articles
FR2384574A1 (fr) * 1977-03-25 1978-10-20 Skf Ind Trading & Dev Procede pour la fabrication d'une tete de forage pourvue d'elements durs et resistant a l'usure, et tete de forage obtenue a l'aide de ce procede
GB2017153A (en) * 1978-03-13 1979-10-03 Krupp Gmbh Method of Producing Composite Hard Metal Bodies

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0111600A1 (fr) * 1982-12-13 1984-06-27 Reed Rock Bit Company Outils de coupe
FR2542649A1 (fr) * 1983-03-19 1984-09-21 Krupp Gmbh Procede de fabrication d'un corps composite expose a une usure, notamment par abrasion
EP0142941A1 (fr) * 1983-10-24 1985-05-29 Smith International, Inc. Outil conique de coupe pour roches à pièces rapportées à liaison métallique
US4593776A (en) * 1984-03-28 1986-06-10 Smith International, Inc. Rock bits having metallurgically bonded cutter inserts
US4950557A (en) * 1984-04-03 1990-08-21 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Composite tool and a process for the production of the same
EP0157625A3 (en) * 1984-04-03 1986-06-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Composite tool
EP0157625A2 (fr) * 1984-04-03 1985-10-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Outil composite
US4890782A (en) * 1984-04-03 1990-01-02 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Process for the production of a composite tool
EP0169718A2 (fr) * 1984-07-23 1986-01-29 CDP, Ltd. Outil de coupe conique pour trépan de forage et son procédé de fabrication
EP0169718A3 (en) * 1984-07-23 1987-01-21 Cdp, Ltd. Conical cutters for drill bits and processes to produce same
EP0194504A2 (fr) * 1985-02-26 1986-09-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Corps composite et son procédé de fabrication
EP0194504A3 (en) * 1985-02-26 1987-02-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Composite body and method of manufacturing the same
US4857411A (en) * 1985-02-26 1989-08-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Composite body and method of manufacturing the same
US4859542A (en) * 1986-09-18 1989-08-22 The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Graded structure composites
EP0260850A3 (en) * 1986-09-18 1988-12-14 The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Graded structure composites
EP0260850A2 (fr) * 1986-09-18 1988-03-23 The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. Matériau composite à gradient de composition
AU601764B2 (en) * 1986-09-18 1990-09-20 Dresser Industries Inc. Graded structure composites
WO2000056487A1 (fr) * 1999-03-20 2000-09-28 Karl Simon Gmbh & Co. Kg Procede pour produire un disque de fraise, et disque de fraise ainsi obtenu
GB2366297A (en) * 1999-03-20 2002-03-06 Simon Karl Gmbh & Co Kg Method for producing a milling disc and milling disc produced according to the inventive method
GB2366297B (en) * 1999-03-20 2003-08-27 Simon Karl Gmbh & Co Kg Method for manufacturing a milling disc and milling disc manufactured according to the method
US6723277B1 (en) 1999-03-20 2004-04-20 Karl Simon Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for producing a milling disc and milling disc produced according to the inventive method
WO2011146955A3 (fr) * 2010-05-26 2012-05-03 Dywidag-Systems International Gmbh Couronne de forage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE423562B (sv) 1982-05-10
ZA817340B (en) 1982-10-27
BR8107342A (pt) 1982-08-03
JPS57101602A (en) 1982-06-24

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LU NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19821020

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19840424

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: DEREK, RAYBOULD