EP0050220A1 - S-triazine compounds that contain halogen, method for their preparation and their use in the flame-resistant impregnation of thermoplastics - Google Patents
S-triazine compounds that contain halogen, method for their preparation and their use in the flame-resistant impregnation of thermoplastics Download PDFInfo
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- EP0050220A1 EP0050220A1 EP81107474A EP81107474A EP0050220A1 EP 0050220 A1 EP0050220 A1 EP 0050220A1 EP 81107474 A EP81107474 A EP 81107474A EP 81107474 A EP81107474 A EP 81107474A EP 0050220 A1 EP0050220 A1 EP 0050220A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D251/30—Only oxygen atoms
- C07D251/34—Cyanuric or isocyanuric esters
Definitions
- the invention relates to halogen-containing s-triazine compounds with two or more s-triazine rings. These compounds are prepared by reacting cyanuric chloride with a phenol and a benzene derivative containing 2 OH groups in the presence of an aqueous base and using a polar solvent. The claimed compounds are used for the flame-retardant treatment of thermoplastics.
- Halogen-containing s-triazine compounds with an s-triazine ring are known from (1).
- (1) or (2) or (3) describes the tris (2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) -s-triazine and its use as a flame retardant for polyolefins, polystyrenes, ABS, PVC, etc.
- polynuclear triazine compounds can be prepared from cyanuric chloride, phenols and bisphenols.
- the preferred, easily accessible and brominatable bisphenol-A contains two phenyl rings which are linked via a -C (CH 3 ) 2 group. This aliphatic, easily flammable group introduced to link the aromatic residues is when using the known halogen n-s-triazines in the field of flame retardancy without effect and without advantages.
- the object was therefore to propose simpler compounds containing s-triazine systems and to develop a process for the preparation of these compounds which, starting from cyanuric chloride and halogenated phenols, leads to s-triazine compounds which contain as few flammable molecular groups as possible and have the highest possible halogen content.
- the object was achieved by finding s-triazine compounds of the general formula I according to claim 1, and by a process for the preparation of these compounds from cyanuric chloride, phenols (III) and double-hydroxy-substituted benzene derivatives (IV) under the action of bases.
- the invention therefore relates to halogen-containing s-triazine compounds according to claim 1.
- Phenols which are suitable for the reaction are the halogenated phenols, such as Monobromphenol, mono chlorophenol, dibromophenol, dichlorophenol, tribromophenol, trichlorophenol, pentabromophenol, pentachlorophenol, cresol, Monobromkresol, Monochlorkresol, Dibromkresol, Dichlorkresol, Tribromkresol, Trichlorkresol that Halogenalkylphenole, such as (2 -Bromethyl) dibromophenol, (2-chloroethyl) dichlorophenol, etc.
- halogenated phenols such as Monobromphenol, mono chlorophenol, dibromophenol, dichlorophenol, tribromophenol, trichlorophenol, pentabromophenol, pentachlorophenol, cresol, Monobromkresol, Monochlorkresol, Dibromkresol, Dichlorkresol, Tribromkresol, Trichlorkresol
- halogenated phenols mentioned tribromophenol, trichlorophenol, pentabromophenol and pentachlorophenol are particularly preferably used. Mixtures of two or more of the phenols mentioned can also be used for the preparation of compound I or mixtures thereof with compound II.
- Tetrabromohydroquinone, tetrabromocatechol and tetrabromorresorcinol are particularly suitable as double-hydroxy-substituted benzene derivatives of the general formula IV.
- the halogenated phenols of the general formula III are reacted with the double-hydroxy-substituted benzene derivatives of the general formula IV and with cyanuric chloride in the presence of a base, preferably using a polar organic solvent, at temperatures in the range from 0 implemented up to 100 ° c.
- a base preferably using a polar organic solvent
- the hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline earth metals such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or their carbonates, are used as acid scavengers.
- An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is particularly preferably used.
- Polar organic solvents such as halogenated hydrocarbons, in particular ethers, cyclic ethers, ketones, esters or alcohols, are preferably used for the reaction. turns. It is particularly preferred to use cyclic ethers such as 1,4-dioxane or tetrahydrofuran.
- the approach is preferably designed so that the number of hydroxyl equivalents from the phenol of general formula III and the double OH-substituted benzene derivative of general formula IV is equal to the number of chlorine equivalents of cyanuric chloride is. If 1 mol of cyanuric chloride is used, 3 mol of alkali metal hydroxide solution are accordingly required.
- the reactants cyanuric chloride, phenol of the formula III and the 2 OH group-containing benzene derivative of the general formula IV are introduced in tetrahydrofuran.
- aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added at temperatures in the range between 20 and 50 ° C. A few hours of stirring using reflux complete the reaction.
- * working up the reaction mixture it is essential that the sodium chloride formed is removed. This is easily accomplished by stirring the reaction mixture into an excess of water or a methanol-water mixture.
- the halogenated s-triazine is then isolated by filtration and dried.
- a variant for working up the reaction product is that after the reaction, the water-miscible solvent is distilled off and the residue is taken up with a chlorinated hydrocarbon as solvent. The resulting suspension is washed with water, the aqueous and organic phases are separated from one another and the organic phase is evaporated.
- Decisive for the properties of the s-triazine derivatives according to the invention is the molar ratio of cyanuric chloride to twice hydroxy-substituted benzene derivative of the general formula IV used in their preparation.
- the molar ratio of cyanuric chloride a) to benzene derivative c) should be 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 8. If a low molar ratio of 1 to 2 is used, the reaction products are crosslinked or high-melting; if the molar ratio is greater than 8 to 20, the reaction products essentially contain the tris (phenoxy) triazine compound of the general formula II.
- the reaction products consist essentially of a mixture of the s-triazine compound of the formula II and a halogen-containing s-triazine compound with 2 triazine nuclei of the general formula I on the basis of molecular weight determinations.
- the substances or mixtures according to the invention are preferably used for the flame-retardant treatment of thermoplastic materials. It has been found that with sufficient halogen - in particular bromine content of the s-triazine and the plastic - adequate flame protection according to the regulations of the Underwriter Laboratories for the purpose of classification in a of the fire classes 94 VE-0, 94 VE-1 or 94 VE-2, tested in the vertical fire test, for the flame retardant equipment the usual synergists such as Sb 2 O 3 , Sn0 2 , Fe 2 0 3 and the like are preferred. in amounts known to those skilled in the art used together with the fire retardant.
- thermoplastics for the flame-retardant finish are polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene and the copolymers of styrene with acrylonitrile, furthermore polyamides and the polyesters.
- Impact-resistant thermoplastics such as impact-resistant polystyrene, and the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (ABS resins) which have been impact-modified with rubbers, and polybutylene terephthalate from the polyesters, are particularly preferred.
- the flame retardants are used in amounts of 2 to 25 parts by weight, based on 100 parts of the thermoplastic.
- the synergists are generally effective in amounts of 1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic.
- the flame-retardant thermoplastics can contain customary additives such as stabilizers and fillers, color pigments, lubricants, plasticizers, antistatic agents or blowing agents in conventional amounts known to those skilled in the art.
- the incorporation of the flame retardant, the synergist and any additives used can be carried out using suitable and known mixing processes, for example in extruders, kneaders or rollers. In particular, concentrates of the flame retardant, the synergist, can also be produced in the desired thermoplastic.
- M means the molar ratio (a: c) of cyanuric chloride to the tetrabromohydroquinone used in particular as a representative of the general formula IV. According to the molecular weight determinations of the reaction mixture, this equation applies with good approximation to M> 2, with tribromophenol sodium serving as a further reaction partner.
- ABS which contained 24 parts by weight of polybutadiene and a matrix with a viscosity number of 55 and 80, respectively, was used for the flame-retardant treatment with the s-triazine compounds according to the invention.
- the viscosity number was determined in accordance with DIN 53 726; 0.5 g of material were dissolved in 100 ml of dimethylformamide.
- the styrene content in the matrix was 65% by weight, the acrylonitrile content was 35% by weight.
- thermoplastic ABS polymers were mixed with 5 parts by weight of a synergist (antimony trioxide) and 20 parts by weight of a flame retardant according to the present invention on a twin-screw extruder.
- press plates with dimensions of 100 ⁇ 100 ⁇ 2 mm were produced at 230 ° C.
- the heating time was 3 minutes, the pressing time at 230 ° C was 8 minutes.
- the press plates were stored in a drying cabinet at 60 ° C. After certain periods of time, a visual check was carried out to determine whether a surface covering had formed or not.
- Polybutylene terephthalate with a relative viscosity ⁇ rel of 1.67 (measured 0.5% in phenol / o-dichlorobenzene 60:40 at 25 C) was together with 10 wt .-%, based on the polymer of the brominated triazine compounds, no longer as 70% by weight of tris (tribromophenoxy) -s-triazine, and 6% by weight, based on polymer of antimony trioxide as a flame retardant synergist, melted in a twin-screw extruder. 30% by weight of glass fibers, based on the total mixture, were incorporated into the melt. The homogeneous mixture was discharged, cooled and granulated.
- cyanuric chloride x mol of tetrabromohydroquinone and y mol of tribromophenol in 400 ml of tetrahydrofuran are placed in a glass flask. Then 24.8 g of NaOH as an approximately 50% solution in water are run in at 5-10 ° C., the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature and then for 6 hours Reflux after. It is suctioned off and the filtrate falls into 5 liters of methanol, washed with water and dried at 70 ° C. under vacuum. 130 to 170 g of halogenated s-triazine are obtained as a white solid.
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft Halogen enthaltende s-Triazinverbindungen der folgenden allgemeinen Formel I <IMAGE> wobei die Reste und Indices folgende Bedeutung haben: Rn: OH, R¹, R² oder R³ <IMAGE> wobei gilt: R<4>: niedere Alkylgruppe oder niedere Halogenalkylgruppe X: Brom oder Chlor k, l: 0 oder ganze Zahlen von 1 bis 5 und ferner k + l max. 5; <IMAGE> wobei gilt: R<5>: niedere Alkylgruppe oder niedere Halogenalkylgruppe Z: Brom oder Chlor s, p: 0 oder ganze Zahlen von 1 bis 4 und ferner s + p = max. 4 <IMAGE> wobei Rn, R<5>, Z, s und p die obengenannte Bedeutung haben und ferner gilt l + p = 1. Die beanspruchten Verbindungen werden hergestellt durch Umsetzen von Cyanurchlorid mit einem Phenol der Formel <IMAGE> und Benzolderivaten der Formel <IMAGE> in Gegenwart einer Base. Die dabei erhaltenen Produkte finden für die Flammfestausrüstung von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, insbesondere von mit Kautschuk schlagfest modifizierten Styrol-Acrylnitril-Copolymerisaten (ABS-Harzen) Verwendung.The invention relates to halogen-containing s-triazine compounds of the following general formula I <IMAGE>, where the radicals and indices have the following meaning: Rn: OH, R¹, R² or R³ <IMAGE> where: R <4>: lower alkyl group or lower haloalkyl group X: bromine or chlorine k, l: 0 or integers from 1 to 5 and furthermore k + l max. 5; <IMAGE> where: R <5>: lower alkyl group or lower haloalkyl group Z: bromine or chlorine s, p: 0 or integers from 1 to 4 and also s + p = max. 4 <IMAGE> where Rn, R <5>, Z, s and p have the meaning given above and l + p = 1 also applies. The claimed compounds are prepared by reacting cyanuric chloride with a phenol of the formula <IMAGE> and benzene derivatives of Formula <IMAGE> in the presence of a base. The products obtained are used for the flame-retardant treatment of thermoplastic materials, in particular styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (ABS resins) modified to be impact-resistant with rubber.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Halogen enthaltende s-Triazinverbindungen mit zwei oder mehreren s-Triazinringen. Diese Verbindungen werden hergestellt durch Umsetzung von Cyanurchlorid mit einem Phenol und einem 2 OH-Gruppen enthaltenden Benzolderivat in Gegenwart einer wäßrigen Base und unter Verwendung eines polaren Lösungsmittels. Die beanspruchten Verbindungen werden für die Flammfestausrüstung von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen verwendet.
Die Aufgabe wurde gelöst durch Auffinden von s-Triazinverbindungen der allgemeinen Formel I gemäß Patentanspruch 1, sowie durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Verbindungen aus Cyanurchlorid, Phenolen (III) und zweifach hydroxysubstituierten Benzolderivaten (IV) unter der Einwirkung von Basen.The object was achieved by finding s-triazine compounds of the general formula I according to claim 1, and by a process for the preparation of these compounds from cyanuric chloride, phenols (III) and double-hydroxy-substituted benzene derivatives (IV) under the action of bases.
Die Erfindung betrifft daher Halogen enthaltende s-Triazinverbindungen gemäß Patentanspruch 1.The invention therefore relates to halogen-containing s-triazine compounds according to claim 1.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbindungen gemäß Formel I von Patentanspruch 1 oder Mischungen von Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel I und Halogen enthaltenden Tri(phenoxi)-s-triazinen der Formel II.The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of the formula I of claim 1 or mixtures of compounds of the general formula I and halogen-containing tri (phenoxy) s-triazines of the formula II.
Für die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen der Formel I bzw. Mischungen von Verbindungen der Formel I mit denen der Formel II kommen Phenole der allgemeinen Formel III in Betracht.
Als zweifach hydroxy-substituierte Benzolderivate der allgemeinen Formel IV kommen insbesondere Tetrabromhydrochinon, Tetrabrombrenzcatechin und Tetrabromresorcin in Frage.Tetrabromohydroquinone, tetrabromocatechol and tetrabromorresorcinol are particularly suitable as double-hydroxy-substituted benzene derivatives of the general formula IV.
Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Halogen enthaltenden s-Triazinverbindungen werden die halogenierten Phenole der allgemeinen Formel III mit den zweifach hydroxy-substituierten Benzolderivaten der allgemeinen Formel IV und mit Cyanurchlorid in Gegenwart einer Base, bevorzugt unter Verwendung eines polaren organischen Lösungsmittels, bei Temperaturen im Bereich von 0 bis 100°c umgesetzt. Als Säurefänger werden bei dieser Umsetzung die Hydroxide der Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetalle, wie Natriumhydroxid, Kaliumhydroxid, Calciumhydroxid oder deren Carbonate verwendet. Besonders bevorzugt findet eine wäßrige Lösung von Natriumhydroxid Einsatz.To produce the halogen-containing s-triazine compounds according to the invention, the halogenated phenols of the general formula III are reacted with the double-hydroxy-substituted benzene derivatives of the general formula IV and with cyanuric chloride in the presence of a base, preferably using a polar organic solvent, at temperatures in the range from 0 implemented up to 100 ° c. In this reaction, the hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or their carbonates, are used as acid scavengers. An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is particularly preferably used.
Für die Umsetzung werden bevorzugt polare organische Lösungsmittel wie Halogenkohlenwasserstoffe, insbesondere Äther, cyclische Äther, Ketone, Ester oder Alkohole ange- wendet. Es ist besonders bevorzugt, cyclische Äther wie 1,4-Dioxan oder Tetrahydrofuran zu verwenden.Polar organic solvents such as halogenated hydrocarbons, in particular ethers, cyclic ethers, ketones, esters or alcohols, are preferably used for the reaction. turns. It is particularly preferred to use cyclic ethers such as 1,4-dioxane or tetrahydrofuran.
Bei der Umsetzung der Reaktanten a, b und c gemäß Patentanspruch 2 wird der Ansatz bevorzugt so ausgelegt, daß die Zahl der Hydroxyläquivalente aus dem Phenol der allgemeinen Formel III und dem zweifach OH-substituierten Benzolderivat der allgemeinen Formel IV gleich der Zahl der Chloräquivalente des Cyanurchlorids ist. Bei Verwendung von 1 Mol Cyanurchlorid werden dementsprechend 3 Mol Alkalilauge benötigt. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen halogenhaltigen s-Triazinverbindungen werden die Reaktanten Cyanurchlorid, Phenol der Formel III und das 2 OH-Gruppen enthaltende Benzolderivat der allgemeinen Formel IV in Tetrahydrofuran vorgelegt. Danach wird die benötigte und berechnete Menge wäßriger Natronlauge bei Temperaturen im Bereich zwischen 20 und 50°C zugegeben. Einige Stunden Nachrührzeit unter Verwendung einer Rückflußkühlung vervollständigen die Umsetzung. Bei*der Aufarbeitung des Reaktionsansatzes ist es wesentlich, daß das entstandene Natriumchlorid entfernt wird. Dies gelingt auf einfache Weise durch Einrühren der Reaktionsmischung in einen Überschuß an vorgelegtem Wasser oder eines Methanol-Wasser-Gemisches. Anschließend wird das halogenierte s-Triazin durch Filtration isoliert und getrocknet. Eine Variante zur Aufarbeitung des Reaktionsproduktes besteht darin, daß nach der Reaktion das mit Wasser mischbare Lösungsmittel abdestilliert wird und der Rückstand mit einem chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoff als Lösungsmittel aufgenommen wird. Die dabei entstehende Suspension wird mit Wasser gewaschen, die wäßrige und die organische Phase werden voneinander getrennt und die organische Phase wird eingedampft. Dabei fallen die halogenierten s-Triazine als verhältnismäßig niedrigviskose, farblose bis gelbe Schmelzen an. Eine weitere Variante zur' Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen ist die Verwendung von Mischungen aus chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen und Wasser als Reaktionsmedium, wobei ein Zusatz von Phasentransferkatalysatoren zweckmäßig ist. Die Reihenfolge der Zugabe.der Reaktanten ist insofern kritisch, als das Chlor des Cyanurchlorids in Wasser, insbesondere in dem alkalischen Milieu, durch OH-Gruppen substituiert wird. Maßnahmen zur Zurückdrängung dieser weniger erwünschten Nebenreaktion, die zu halogenierten s-Triazinen mit erhöhter OH-Zahl führt, bestehen darin, daß man entweder das Cyanurchlorid erst nach Vorlage der übrigen Reaktionspartner zugibt oder mit der Zugabe des Alkalis erst nach Vorlage aller anderen Reaktionspartner beginnt. Außerdem soll die Anwendung höherer Reaktionstemperaturen, insbesondere zu Beginn der Umsetzung, vermieden werden.In the implementation of reactants a, b and c according to claim 2, the approach is preferably designed so that the number of hydroxyl equivalents from the phenol of general formula III and the double OH-substituted benzene derivative of general formula IV is equal to the number of chlorine equivalents of cyanuric chloride is. If 1 mol of cyanuric chloride is used, 3 mol of alkali metal hydroxide solution are accordingly required. In a preferred embodiment for producing the halogen-containing s-triazine compounds according to the invention, the reactants cyanuric chloride, phenol of the formula III and the 2 OH group-containing benzene derivative of the general formula IV are introduced in tetrahydrofuran. Then the required and calculated amount of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added at temperatures in the range between 20 and 50 ° C. A few hours of stirring using reflux complete the reaction. When * working up the reaction mixture, it is essential that the sodium chloride formed is removed. This is easily accomplished by stirring the reaction mixture into an excess of water or a methanol-water mixture. The halogenated s-triazine is then isolated by filtration and dried. A variant for working up the reaction product is that after the reaction, the water-miscible solvent is distilled off and the residue is taken up with a chlorinated hydrocarbon as solvent. The resulting suspension is washed with water, the aqueous and organic phases are separated from one another and the organic phase is evaporated. The halogenated s-triazines are obtained as relatively low-viscosity, colorless to yellow melts. Another variant of ' The compounds according to the invention are prepared by using mixtures of chlorinated hydrocarbons and water as the reaction medium, with the addition of phase transfer catalysts being expedient. The order of addition of the reactants is critical in that the chlorine of the cyanuric chloride in water, especially in the alkaline medium, is substituted by OH groups. Measures to suppress this less desirable side reaction, which leads to halogenated s-triazines with an increased OH number, consist either in adding the cyanuric chloride only after the other reaction partners have been introduced or in the addition of the alkali only after all other reaction partners have been introduced. In addition, the use of higher reaction temperatures, especially at the start of the reaction, should be avoided.
Maßgeblich für die Eigenschaften der erfindungsgemäßen s-Triazinderivate ist das bei ihrer Herstellung angewendete Molverhältnis von Cyanurchlorid zu zweifach hydroxysubstituiertem Benzolderivat der allgemeinen Formel IV. Das Molverhältnis von Cyanurchlorid a) zu Benzolderivat c) soll 1 bis 20, vorzugsweise 2 bis 8 betragen. Bei Anwendung eines niedrigen Molverhältnisses von 1 bis 2 sind die Reaktionsprodukte vernetzt oder hochschmelzend, bei einem Molverhältnis größer als 8 bis zu 20 enthalten die Reaktionsprodukte im wesentlichen die Tris(phenoxy)-triazinverbindung der allgemeinen Formel II. Bei Anwendung von Molverhältnissen im Bereich von größer als 2 bis zu 8 bestehen die Reaktionsprodukte aufgrund von Molgewichtsbestimmungen im wesentlichen aus einer Mischung der s-Triazinverbindung der Formel II und einer halogenhaltigen s-Triazinverbindung mit 2 Triazinkernen der allgemeinen Formel I.Decisive for the properties of the s-triazine derivatives according to the invention is the molar ratio of cyanuric chloride to twice hydroxy-substituted benzene derivative of the general formula IV used in their preparation. The molar ratio of cyanuric chloride a) to benzene derivative c) should be 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 8. If a low molar ratio of 1 to 2 is used, the reaction products are crosslinked or high-melting; if the molar ratio is greater than 8 to 20, the reaction products essentially contain the tris (phenoxy) triazine compound of the general formula II. When using molar ratios in the range from larger as 2 to 8, the reaction products consist essentially of a mixture of the s-triazine compound of the formula II and a halogen-containing s-triazine compound with 2 triazine nuclei of the general formula I on the basis of molecular weight determinations.
'"Die erfindungsgemäßen Stoffe bzw. Stoffmischungen werden bevorzugt für die Flammfestausrüstung von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen angewendet. Dabei hat sich herausgestellt, daß bei genügendem Halogen - insbesondere Bromgehalt des s-Triazins und des Kunststoffs ein ausreichender Flammschutz nach den Vorschriften der Underwriter Laboratories zwecks Einordnung in eine der Brandklassen 94 VE-0, 94 VE-1 oder 94 VE-2, geprüft im vertikalen Brandtest, erreicht wird. Für die Flammfestausrüstung werden vorzugsweise die üblichen Synergisten wie Sb2O3, Sn02, Fe203 u.dgl. in dem Fachmann bekannten Mengen zusammen mit dem Brandschutzmittel angewendet.The substances or mixtures according to the invention are preferably used for the flame-retardant treatment of thermoplastic materials. It has been found that with sufficient halogen - in particular bromine content of the s-triazine and the plastic - adequate flame protection according to the regulations of the Underwriter Laboratories for the purpose of classification in a of the fire classes 94 VE-0, 94 VE-1 or 94 VE-2, tested in the vertical fire test, for the flame retardant equipment the usual synergists such as Sb 2 O 3 , Sn0 2 , Fe 2 0 3 and the like are preferred. in amounts known to those skilled in the art used together with the fire retardant.
Als thermoplastische Kunststoffe für die Flammfestausrüstung kommen in Betracht Polyäthylen, Polypropylen, Polyisobutylen, Polystyrol sowie die Copolymerisate des Styrols mit Acrylnitril, ferner Polyamide und die Polyester. Besonders bevorzugt werden schlagfeste Thermoplaste wie schlagfestes Polystyrol, sowie die mit Kautschuken schlagfest modifizierten Styrol-Acrylnitril-Copolymerisate (ABS-Harze) und von den Polyestern das Polybutylenterephthalat. Die Flammschutzmittel werden dabei in Mengen von 2 bis 25 Gewichtsteilen, bezogen auf 100 Teile des thermoplastischen Kunststoffes, angewendet. Die Synergisten sind in Mengen von 1 bis 10 Gewichtsteilen, bezogen auf 100 Gewichtsteile thermoplastischen Kunststoff, in der Regel wirksam.Suitable thermoplastics for the flame-retardant finish are polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene and the copolymers of styrene with acrylonitrile, furthermore polyamides and the polyesters. Impact-resistant thermoplastics, such as impact-resistant polystyrene, and the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (ABS resins) which have been impact-modified with rubbers, and polybutylene terephthalate from the polyesters, are particularly preferred. The flame retardants are used in amounts of 2 to 25 parts by weight, based on 100 parts of the thermoplastic. The synergists are generally effective in amounts of 1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic.
Die flammfest auszurüstenden thermoplastischen Kunststoffe können außer dem Flammschutzmittel und Synergisten übliche Zusatzstoffe wie Stabilisatoren sowie Füllstoffe, Farbpigmente, Gleitmittel, Weichmacher, Antistatika oder Treibmittel in üblichen, dem Fachmann bekannten Mengen enthalten. Die Einarbeitung des Flammschutzmittels, des Synergisten sowie der eventuell verwendeten Zusatzstoffe kann nach geeigneten und bekannten Mischverfahren, z.B. in Extrudern, Knetern oder Walzen, erfolgen. Insbesondere können auch Konzentrate des Flammschutzmittels, des Synergisten in dem gewünschten thermoplastischen Kunststoff hergestellt werden.In addition to the flame retardant and synergists, the flame-retardant thermoplastics can contain customary additives such as stabilizers and fillers, color pigments, lubricants, plasticizers, antistatic agents or blowing agents in conventional amounts known to those skilled in the art. The incorporation of the flame retardant, the synergist and any additives used can be carried out using suitable and known mixing processes, for example in extruders, kneaders or rollers. In particular, concentrates of the flame retardant, the synergist, can also be produced in the desired thermoplastic.
Es wurde gefunden, daß Flammschutzmittelmischungen mit einem Gehalt von mehr als 53 Gew.% an Tris(tribromphen- oxy)-s-triazin der allgemeinen Formel II Migrationsprobleme bei ABS-Polymerisaten verursachen.It has been found that flame retardant mixtures containing more than 53% by weight of tris (tribromophenoxy) -s-triazine of the general formula II cause migration problems in ABS polymers.
Die Prozentgehalte an Tris(tribromphenoxy)-s-triazin (Formel II) im bromierten s-Triazingemisch lassen sich unter bestimmten Annahmen nach folgender Gleichung berechnen:
Hierbei bedeutet M das Molverhältnis (a:c) von Cyanurchlorid zu dem insbesondere verwendeten Tetrabromhydrochinon als Repräsentant der allgemeinen Formel IV. Nach Molgewichtsbestimmungen des Reaktionsgemisches gilt diese Gleichung mit guter Näherung für M > 2, wobei Tribromphenolnatrium als weiterer Reaktionspartner diente.Here M means the molar ratio (a: c) of cyanuric chloride to the tetrabromohydroquinone used in particular as a representative of the general formula IV. According to the molecular weight determinations of the reaction mixture, this equation applies with good approximation to M> 2, with tribromophenol sodium serving as a further reaction partner.
Die beanspruchten Mengenbereiche sind in diesem Sinne auch als ungefähr zu betrachten.In this sense, the claimed quantity ranges are also to be regarded as approximate.
Bei der Flammfestausrüstung von ABS-Harzen läßt sich eine besonders gute Mechanik der Formmasse bei gleichzeitiger Migrationsfreiheit dann erzielen, wenn die erfindungsgemäßen halogenhaltigen s-Triazinverbindungen der allgemeinen Formeln I und II in einer Mischung angewendet werden, die 22 bis 53 Gew.% an Verbindung der allgemeinen Formel II, bezogen auf die Summe von der Verbindung I und II, aufweist; die %-Anteile II wurden nach der Näherungsformel im letzten Absatz für M = a/c = 2,5 bis M = a/c = 4 errechnet.In the flame-retardant treatment of ABS resins, particularly good mechanical properties of the molding composition with simultaneous freedom from migration can be achieved if the halogen-containing s-triazine compounds according to the invention of the general formulas I and II are used in a mixture which comprises 22 to 53% by weight of the compound general formula II, based on the sum of the compound I and II, having; % II was calculated using the approximation formula in the last paragraph for M = a / c = 2.5 to M = a / c = 4.
Für die Flammfestausrüstung mit den erfindungsgemäßen s-Triazinverbindungen wurde ein ABS verwendet, das 24 Gewichtsteile Polybutadien und eine Matrix mit einer Viskositätszahl von 55 bzw. 80 enthielt. Die Bestimmung der Viskositätszahl erfolgte analog DIN 53 726; dabei wurden 0,5 g Material in 100 ml Dimethylformamid gelöst. Der Styrolanteil in der Matrix lag bei 65 Gew.-%, der Acrylnitrilanteil bei 35 Gew.-%.An ABS which contained 24 parts by weight of polybutadiene and a matrix with a viscosity number of 55 and 80, respectively, was used for the flame-retardant treatment with the s-triazine compounds according to the invention. The viscosity number was determined in accordance with DIN 53 726; 0.5 g of material were dissolved in 100 ml of dimethylformamide. The styrene content in the matrix was 65% by weight, the acrylonitrile content was 35% by weight.
Die thermoplastischen ABS-Polymerisatewurden mit jeweils 5 Gewichtsteilen eines Synergisten (Antimontrioxid) und 20 Gewichtsteilen eines Flammschutzmittels gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung auf einem Zweiwellenextruder gemischt.The thermoplastic ABS polymers were mixed with 5 parts by weight of a synergist (antimony trioxide) and 20 parts by weight of a flame retardant according to the present invention on a twin-screw extruder.
Zur Prüfung der mechanischen Eigenschaften des ABS, das die erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel enthält, wurden auf einer Spritzgußmaschine vom Typ Arberg Allrounder 200 bei 250°C Rundscheiben von 2 mm Dicke hergestellt. Die Schädigungsarbeit wurde nach DIN 53 443, Blatt 1, ermittelt.To test the mechanical properties of the ABS, which contains the flame retardants according to the invention, round disks of 2 mm thickness were produced at 250 ° C. on an Arberg Allrounder 200 injection molding machine. The damage work was determined according to DIN 53 443, sheet 1.
Zur Prüfung der Oberflächenbelagsbildung an Formteilen aus den erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen und an solchen aus Vergleichsversuchen wurden bei 230°C Preßplatten mit den Abmessungen 100 x 100 x 2 mm hergestellt. Die Aufheizzeit betrug 3 Minuten, die Preßzeit bei 230°C 8 Minuten. Die Preßplatten wurden bei 60°C in einem Trockenschrank gelagert. Nach bestimmten Zeitabschnitten wurde visuell kontrolliert, ob sich ein Oberflächenbelag gebildet hatte oder nicht.To test the formation of surface deposits on molded parts from the molding compositions according to the invention and on those from comparative tests, press plates with dimensions of 100 × 100 × 2 mm were produced at 230 ° C. The heating time was 3 minutes, the pressing time at 230 ° C was 8 minutes. The press plates were stored in a drying cabinet at 60 ° C. After certain periods of time, a visual check was carried out to determine whether a surface covering had formed or not.
Polybutylenterephthalat mit einer relativen Viskosität ηrel von 1,67 (gemessen 0,5 %ig in Phenol/o-Dichlorbenzol 60:40 bei 25 C) wurde zusammen mit 10 Gew.-%, bezogen auf Polymer der bromierten Triazinverbindungen, die nicht mehr als 70 Gew.-% an Tris(tribromphenoxi)-s--triazin enthalten, sowie 6 Gew.-%, bezogen auf Polymer an Antimontrioxid als Flammschutzsynergist, in einem Zweiwellenextruder aufgeschmolzen. In die Schmelze wurden 30 Gew.-% Glasfasern, bezogen auf die Gesamtmischung, eingearbeitet. Die homogene Mischung wurde ausgetragen, abgekühlt und granuliert. Aus dem Granulat wurden Flachstäbe von 1/8 und 1/16" Dicke gespritzt und nach UL 94 geprüft. Das Produkt ist in der Brandklasse V-0 nach UL 94 einzuordnen. Je 2 Prüfstäbe wurden 1, 3 und 7 Tage bei 1700C im Umlufttrockenschrank gelagert. Es wird eine leichte Farbvertiefung von hellelfenbein nach hellbeige festgestellt. Ein Belag auf der Oberfläche ist nicht festzustellen. Die Produkte zeigen bei Prüfung nach der FTZ-Vornorm 547 PV 1 vom Juni 71 keine Kontaktschädigung im Niederspannungsbereich.Polybutylene terephthalate with a relative viscosity η rel of 1.67 (measured 0.5% in phenol / o-dichlorobenzene 60:40 at 25 C) was together with 10 wt .-%, based on the polymer of the brominated triazine compounds, no longer as 70% by weight of tris (tribromophenoxy) -s-triazine, and 6% by weight, based on polymer of antimony trioxide as a flame retardant synergist, melted in a twin-screw extruder. 30% by weight of glass fibers, based on the total mixture, were incorporated into the melt. The homogeneous mixture was discharged, cooled and granulated. Flat bars were injection molded from the pellets of 1/8 and 1/16 "thickness and tested according to UL 94th The product is classified in fire class V-0 according to UL 94th 2 The test bars were 1, 3 and 7 days at 170 0 C A slight deepening of the color from light ivory to light beige is observed. There is no coating on the surface. The products show no contact damage in the low voltage range when tested according to FTZ pre-standard 547 PV 1 from June 71.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Beispielen und Vergleichsversuchen näher erläutert. Die in den Beispielen und Versuchen genannten Teile und Prozente beziehen sich, sofern nichts anderes vermerkt ist, auf das Gewicht (vgl. Tabelle 2, in der auch die Ergebnisse der Vergleichsversuche A bis D enthalten sind.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of examples and comparative experiments. Unless otherwise stated, the parts and percentages mentioned in the examples and tests relate to the weight (see Table 2, which also contains the results of the comparative tests A to D).
In einem Glaskolben werden 0,2 Mol Cyanurchlorid, x Mol Tetrabromhydrochinon und y Mol Tribromphenol in 400 ml Tetrahydrofuran vorgelegt. Dann läßt man 24,8 g NaOH als ca. 50%ige Lösung in Wasser bei 5 - 10°C zulaufen, rührt 30 Minuten bei Raumtemperatur und dann 6 Stunden unter Rückfluß nach. Man saugt ab und fällt das Filtrat in 5 Liter Methanol, wäscht mit Wasser nach und trocknet das Produkt bei 70°C unter Vakuum. Man erhält 130 bis 170 g halogeniertes s-Triazin als weißen Feststoff.0.2 mol of cyanuric chloride, x mol of tetrabromohydroquinone and y mol of tribromophenol in 400 ml of tetrahydrofuran are placed in a glass flask. Then 24.8 g of NaOH as an approximately 50% solution in water are run in at 5-10 ° C., the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature and then for 6 hours Reflux after. It is suctioned off and the filtrate falls into 5 liters of methanol, washed with water and dried at 70 ° C. under vacuum. 130 to 170 g of halogenated s-triazine are obtained as a white solid.
In einem Glaskolben werden 0,2 Mol Cyanurchlorid, 0,04 Mol Tetrabromhydrochinon und 0,52 Mol Tribromphenol in 400 ml Tetrahydrofuran vorgelegt. Dann läßt man 24,8 g Natronlauge, als ca. 50%ige Lösung in Wasser, bei +10°C zulaufen und rührt 18 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur nach. Danach destilliert man Tetrahydrofuran ab und nimmt den Rückstand in 500 ml 1,2-Dichloräthan auf. Man wäscht die organische Phase 3 mal mit je 100 ml Wasser, destilliert die Lösungsmittel ab. Es verbleiben 190 g Produktschmelze vom Bromgehalt 67,50.2 mol of cyanuric chloride, 0.04 mol of tetrabromohydroquinone and 0.52 mol of tribromophenol in 400 ml of tetrahydrofuran are placed in a glass flask. Then 24.8 g of sodium hydroxide solution, as an approximately 50% solution in water, are allowed to run in at + 10 ° C. and the mixture is subsequently stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. Thereafter, tetrahydrofuran is distilled off and the residue is taken up in 500 ml of 1,2-dichloroethane. The organic phase is washed 3 times with 100 ml of water each time and the solvents are distilled off. There remain 190 g of product melt with a bromine content of 67.5
Flammfestausrüsten von ABS (vgl. Tabelle 2) mit Mischungen von Verbindungen der Formel I und II.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3039059 | 1980-10-16 | ||
DE19803039059 DE3039059A1 (en) | 1980-10-16 | 1980-10-16 | S-TRIAZINE COMPOUNDS CONTAINING HALOGEN, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME AND THE USE THEREOF FOR THE FLAME RESISTANT EQUIPMENT OF THERMOPLASTIC PLASTICS |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0050220A1 true EP0050220A1 (en) | 1982-04-28 |
Family
ID=6114495
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP81107474A Withdrawn EP0050220A1 (en) | 1980-10-16 | 1981-09-21 | S-triazine compounds that contain halogen, method for their preparation and their use in the flame-resistant impregnation of thermoplastics |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4386203A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0050220A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5795969A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3039059A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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CN1053439C (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 2000-06-14 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Synthesis of flame-retardant monomer containing carbon-carbon unsaturated bond s-triazine |
Families Citing this family (3)
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US5271571A (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1993-12-21 | Maynard Jr Stuart T | Water driven device for agitating and fragmenting debris in a sink drain |
IL162449A (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2010-05-17 | Bromine Compounds Ltd | Fire retardant formulations and styrene polymer compositions containing them |
ATE543864T1 (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2012-02-15 | Bromine Compounds Ltd | FLAME RETARDANT COMPOSITIONS MADE OF STYRENE-CONTAINING POLYMERS |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1566675A (en) * | 1968-03-27 | 1969-05-09 | ||
DE1770387A1 (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1972-02-10 | Mini Ind Chimice | Compounds for influencing plant growth |
DE2155453A1 (en) * | 1970-11-09 | 1972-05-10 | Ciba-Geigy Ag, Basel (Schweiz) | Triazine derivatives as antioxidants |
US3843650A (en) * | 1972-06-09 | 1974-10-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Tris-(polyhalophenoxy)-s-triazine |
US3962241A (en) * | 1973-07-31 | 1976-06-08 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Light-sensitive polymeric compounds |
US4069380A (en) * | 1975-09-24 | 1978-01-17 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Triazine compositions |
DE2727650A1 (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1978-12-21 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Halogenated S-triazine cpds. for use as flame retardants - for synthetic resins and fibres, paper, wood, etc. |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2509780A1 (en) * | 1975-03-06 | 1976-09-16 | Bayer Ag | TRIS- (2-HYDROXYARYL) -CYANURIC ACID ESTER |
US4147659A (en) * | 1975-10-04 | 1979-04-03 | Akzona Incorporated | Novel antioxidant composition and process for making the same |
US4187377A (en) * | 1977-06-17 | 1980-02-05 | Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. | Halogen-containing s-triazine compound |
-
1980
- 1980-10-16 DE DE19803039059 patent/DE3039059A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1981
- 1981-09-21 EP EP81107474A patent/EP0050220A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-09-25 US US06/305,857 patent/US4386203A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-10-15 JP JP56163570A patent/JPS5795969A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1770387A1 (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1972-02-10 | Mini Ind Chimice | Compounds for influencing plant growth |
FR1566675A (en) * | 1968-03-27 | 1969-05-09 | ||
DE2155453A1 (en) * | 1970-11-09 | 1972-05-10 | Ciba-Geigy Ag, Basel (Schweiz) | Triazine derivatives as antioxidants |
US3843650A (en) * | 1972-06-09 | 1974-10-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Tris-(polyhalophenoxy)-s-triazine |
US3962241A (en) * | 1973-07-31 | 1976-06-08 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Light-sensitive polymeric compounds |
US4069380A (en) * | 1975-09-24 | 1978-01-17 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Triazine compositions |
DE2727650A1 (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1978-12-21 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Halogenated S-triazine cpds. for use as flame retardants - for synthetic resins and fibres, paper, wood, etc. |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1053439C (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 2000-06-14 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Synthesis of flame-retardant monomer containing carbon-carbon unsaturated bond s-triazine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPS5795969A (en) | 1982-06-15 |
US4386203A (en) | 1983-05-31 |
DE3039059A1 (en) | 1982-05-27 |
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