EP0042647A1 - Particulate, soap-containing detergent composition - Google Patents

Particulate, soap-containing detergent composition Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0042647A1
EP0042647A1 EP81200668A EP81200668A EP0042647A1 EP 0042647 A1 EP0042647 A1 EP 0042647A1 EP 81200668 A EP81200668 A EP 81200668A EP 81200668 A EP81200668 A EP 81200668A EP 0042647 A1 EP0042647 A1 EP 0042647A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soap
sodium
fatty acids
weight
compositions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81200668A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hendrik Willem Brouwer
Simon Nico Hemmes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever PLC, Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever PLC
Publication of EP0042647A1 publication Critical patent/EP0042647A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
    • C11D9/02—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap on alkali or ammonium soaps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a particulate, soap-containing detergent composition.
  • compositions are well known in the art; they are either based on soap as the sole detergent-active material, or they contain soap in admixture with non-soap synthetic detergents, such as anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic or amphoteric synthetic detergents and mixtures thereof.
  • the soap component used in these compositions is a soap derived from palm oil, tallow, coconut oil and the like, as well as mixtures thereof.
  • part of these soaps, especially of sodium coconut soap does not effectively contribute to the water-softening and detergency of the soap component; the major part of sodium coconut soap serves only a solubilization purpose, but does not itself contribute effectively to the overall detergency of the soap component.
  • the soap component in particulate, soap-based detergent compositions is substantially free (i.e. less than 5%, preferably less than 3%) of a sodium soap of a C 12 or C 14 saturated fatty acid, and contains a certain level (hereafter to be more precisely defined) of a sodium soap of linoleic acid, the overall detergency performance of such soap-based compositions is_ improved, as well as the solubility of the soap component.
  • the present invention therefore in its broadest sense relates to a particulate, soap-containing detergent composition in which the soap is substantially free from sodium soaps of C 12 or C 14 saturated fatty acids, and in which the soap is or comprises a sodium linoleate.
  • the soap component in the detergent composition may consist solely of sodium linoleate, or it may contain, besides the sodium linoleate, a soap of C 16 -C 24 monounsaturated fatty acid, such as e.g. sodium oleate.
  • the sodium linoleate improves the solubility of such soap blends,
  • These soap blends may further contain up to 30 , e.g. up to 25% by weight of a sodium soap of saturated C 16 -C 24 fatty acids, without impairment of the benefits of the invention.
  • the soap component therefore consists of 10-100% sodium linoleate, 0-90% sodium soap of C 16 -C 24 monounsaturated fatty acids, and 0-30% of C 16 -C 24 saturated fatty acids, the total of the three types of soao being 100%.
  • the soap component may be prepared by admixing the separately prepared soap constituents, or by neutralizing a mixture of the respective fatty acids.
  • a mixture may be made up separately, or it may be obtained from a natural source which contains these respective fatty acids.
  • sources are e.g. soapstock fatty acids, tall oil fatty acids, and several natural fats and oils, such asgroundnut oil, grapeseed oil,.mustard oil, maize oil, soybean oil, chufa oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil etc.
  • sodium soaps of rapeseed oil, tall oil fatty acids, soybean and sunflower oil are preferred sources of the required fatty acids to obtain the maximum benefit of the invention.
  • the soap component of the invention is used in a particulate composition in an amount of 0.5-99% by weight.
  • the higher part of this range i.e. from 30-70% relates to compositions wherein the soap is used as the sole detergent active material, e.g. in soap powders, together with adjuvants such as builders, bleaching agents, alkaline salts, sequestering agents and the like.
  • the range from 70-99% relates to compositions primarily consisting of the soap, e.g.in flake, ribbon, noodle and similar discrete-shaped form, in powder form, etc, with minor amounts of adjuvants.
  • the lower range of 1-30% relates to compositions in which the soap is used together with other, synthetic detergent active materials in particulate detergent compositions.
  • compositions normally include from about 2% to about 30%, preferably about 10% to about 25%, by weight of a synthetic anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compound or mixture thereof.
  • a synthetic anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compound or mixture thereof is commercially available and are' fully described in the literature, for example in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents", Volumes I and II, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch.
  • the preferred detergent compounds which can be used are synthetic anionic and nonionic compounds.
  • the former are usually watersoluble alkali metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates having alkyl groups containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
  • suitable synthetic anionic detergent compounds are sodium and potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphating higher (C 8 -C 18 ) alcohols produced for example from tallow or coconut oil; sodium and potassium alkyl (C 9 -C 20 ) benzene sulphonates, particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C 10 -C 15 ) benzene sulphonates; sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulphates, especially those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum; sodium coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulphates and sulphonates; sulphonated fatty acids and esters thereof; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric acid esters of higher (C 9 -C 18 ) fatty alcohol-alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide, reaction products; the reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralised with sodium hydroxide; sodium
  • nonionic detergent compounds examples include in particular the reaction products of alkylene oxides, usually ethylene oxide, with alkyl (C 6 -C 22 ) phenols, generally 5 to 25 E0, i.e. 5 to 25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule; the condensation products of aliphatic (C 8 -C 18 ) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, generally 6 to 30 E0, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine.
  • alkylene oxides usually ethylene oxide
  • alkyl (C 6 -C 22 ) phenols generally 5 to 25 E0, i.e. 5 to 25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule
  • condensation products of aliphatic (C 8 -C 18 ) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide generally 6 to 30 E0
  • nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialky
  • detergent compounds for example mixed anionic or mixed anionic (anionic-including,soaps)and nonionic compounds may be used in the detergent compositions, particularly in the latter case to provide controlled low sudsing properties. This is beneficial for compositions intended for use in suds-intolerant automatic washing machines.
  • Amounts of amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compounds can also be used in the compositions of the invention instead of part or all of the nonionics, such as sulphobetaines, amidobetaines, alkylamino acids and the like.
  • Cationics may also be used, such as cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide.
  • the detergent compositions of the invention can contain any of the conventional additives in the amounts in which such materials are normally employed in fabric-washing detergent compositions.
  • these additives include lather boosters such as alkanolamides, particularly the monoethanolamides derived from palm kernel fatty acids and coconut fatty acids, lather depressants such as alkyl phosphates and silicones, anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, per-acid bleach precursors such as TAED, chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as trichloroisocyanuric acid and alkali metal salts of dichloroisocyanuric acid, fabric- softening agents, inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate and magnesium silicate, and, usually present in very minor amounts, fluorescent agents, perfumes, enzymes such as proteas.es and amylases, germicides,
  • anti-deposition agents in the detergent compositions of the invention, to decrease any tendency to form inorganic deposits on washed fabrics.
  • the amount of any such anti-deposition agents is normally from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight, preferably from about 0.2% to about 2% by weight of the compositions.
  • the preferred anti-deposition agents are homo- and co-polymers of acrylic acid or substituted acrylic acids, such as sodium polyacrylate, the sodium salt of copolymethylacrylamide/acrylic acid and sodium poly-alpha-hydroxyacrylate, salts of copolymers of maleic anhydride with ethylene, vinylmethylether or styrene, especially 1:1 cooolymers, and optionally with partial e'ster- ification of the carboxyl groups especially in the case of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers.
  • Such copolymers preferably have relatively low molecular weights, e.g. in the range of about 5,000 to 50,000.
  • anti-deposition agents include the sodium salts of polymaleic acid and polyitaconic acid, phosphate esters of ethylated aliphatic alcohols, polyethylene glycol phosphate esters, and certain phosphonates such as sodium ethane-l-hydroxy-l,l-diphosphonate, sodium ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphonate, and sodium 2-phosphonobutane tricarboxylate. Mixtures of organic phosphonic acids or substituted acrylic acids or their salts with protective colloids such as gelatin as described in our Netherlands application 7602082 may also be used.
  • the most preferred anti-deposition agent is sodium polyacrylate having a MW of about 10,000 to 50,000, for example about 27,000.
  • compositions of the invention may also contain builder salts, such as alkali metal ortho-, pyro- and polyphosphates, alkali metal carbonates, carboxymethyloxysuccinates, alkali metal citrates in amounts of up to 50%.
  • builder salts such as alkali metal ortho-, pyro- and polyphosphates, alkali metal carbonates, carboxymethyloxysuccinates, alkali metal citrates in amounts of up to 50%.
  • non-phosphate detergency builders such as amine carboxylates, e.g. sodium nitrilotriacetate, sodium aluminosilicate ion-exchange materials, sodium carbonate and sodium citrate are preferred.
  • builder materials are not essential and it is a particular benefit of the compositions of the invention that satisfactory detergency and-water-softening properties can be achieved with the presence of the particular soap component of the invention.
  • an amount of an alkali metal silicate particularly sodium ortho-, meta- or preferably neutral or alkaline silicate.
  • alkali metal silicates at levels of at least about 5%, and preferably from about 15% to about 30% by weight of the composition, is advantageous in decreasing the corrosion of metal parts in washing machines, as well as giving processing benefits and generally improved powder properties.
  • non-phosphate builders there is the additional benefit of improved magnesium inactivation.
  • silicates can be included, e.g. up to 90% of meta-silicate.
  • sodium carbonate can also be included (up to 50%) as further source of alkalinity in industrial laundering products.
  • compositions of the invention may be prepared by any suitable process for preparing particulate compositions, such as spray- drying, spray-cooling, dry-mixing, granulation, flaking, noodling and the like, the soap being added direct or via the slurry.
  • Two soap-based powders were prepared, having the following compositions: Tests were carried out in a Tergotometer at 80°C, at a water hardness of 26° French hardness, at 4, 5.5 and 7 g/l product concentration, using three different standard soiled test-pieces. The following ⁇ R results were obtained.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
EP81200668A 1980-06-20 1981-06-16 Particulate, soap-containing detergent composition Withdrawn EP0042647A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8020258 1980-06-20
GB8020258 1980-06-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0042647A1 true EP0042647A1 (en) 1981-12-30

Family

ID=10514209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81200668A Withdrawn EP0042647A1 (en) 1980-06-20 1981-06-16 Particulate, soap-containing detergent composition

Country Status (13)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0042647A1 (en)van)
JP (1) JPS5730799A (en)van)
AR (1) AR227192A1 (en)van)
AU (1) AU536774B2 (en)van)
BR (1) BR8103900A (en)van)
CA (1) CA1151494A (en)van)
DK (1) DK268181A (en)van)
GR (1) GR74506B (en)van)
IN (1) IN155097B (en)van)
NO (1) NO812097L (en)van)
PH (1) PH17692A (en)van)
PT (1) PT73229B (en)van)
ZA (1) ZA814123B (en)van)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0328190A3 (en) * 1988-02-12 1990-10-24 Unilever Nv Particulate laundry detergent composition
EP0534100A1 (en) * 1991-09-25 1993-03-31 Mira Lanza S.P.A. Cold water soluble soap composition transformable into particles or flakes
CN1058988C (zh) * 1997-01-22 2000-11-29 何选明 无磷无铝型皂粉
CN1069920C (zh) * 1997-10-14 2001-08-22 成都市瑞泰技术研究所 一种无磷消毒洗衣粉

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9012613D0 (en) * 1990-06-06 1990-07-25 Unilever Plc Soap powder compositions

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR835274A (fr) * 1937-03-24 1938-12-16 Unilever Ltd Savons ou produits savonneux, et leur procédé de fabrication
FR1077641A (fr) * 1952-10-23 1954-11-10 Unilever Nv Perfectionnements aux compositions à base de savon
US4065398A (en) * 1973-03-12 1977-12-27 Lever Brothers Company Liquid soap composition

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR835274A (fr) * 1937-03-24 1938-12-16 Unilever Ltd Savons ou produits savonneux, et leur procédé de fabrication
FR1077641A (fr) * 1952-10-23 1954-11-10 Unilever Nv Perfectionnements aux compositions à base de savon
US4065398A (en) * 1973-03-12 1977-12-27 Lever Brothers Company Liquid soap composition

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0328190A3 (en) * 1988-02-12 1990-10-24 Unilever Nv Particulate laundry detergent composition
EP0534100A1 (en) * 1991-09-25 1993-03-31 Mira Lanza S.P.A. Cold water soluble soap composition transformable into particles or flakes
CN1058988C (zh) * 1997-01-22 2000-11-29 何选明 无磷无铝型皂粉
CN1069920C (zh) * 1997-10-14 2001-08-22 成都市瑞泰技术研究所 一种无磷消毒洗衣粉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1151494A (en) 1983-08-09
BR8103900A (pt) 1982-03-09
IN155097B (en)van) 1984-12-29
DK268181A (da) 1981-12-21
AU7190381A (en) 1981-12-24
PT73229B (en) 1983-05-11
AU536774B2 (en) 1984-05-24
AR227192A1 (es) 1982-09-30
PT73229A (en) 1981-07-01
PH17692A (en) 1984-11-02
NO812097L (no) 1981-12-21
ZA814123B (en) 1983-01-26
JPS5730799A (en) 1982-02-19
GR74506B (en)van) 1984-06-28

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19810616

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: UNILEVER PLC

Owner name: UNILEVER NV

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18W Application withdrawn

Withdrawal date: 19840317

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: HEMMES, SIMON NICO

Inventor name: BROUWER, HENDRIK WILLEM