EP0042244A1 - Dispositif de guidage d'une scie - Google Patents
Dispositif de guidage d'une scie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0042244A1 EP0042244A1 EP81302539A EP81302539A EP0042244A1 EP 0042244 A1 EP0042244 A1 EP 0042244A1 EP 81302539 A EP81302539 A EP 81302539A EP 81302539 A EP81302539 A EP 81302539A EP 0042244 A1 EP0042244 A1 EP 0042244A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- saw guide
- bearer
- saw
- workpiece
- face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
- B27G5/00—Machines or devices for working mitre joints with even abutting ends
- B27G5/02—Machines or devices for working mitre joints with even abutting ends for sawing mitre joints; Mitre boxes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27F—DOVETAILED WORK; TENONS; SLOTTING MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES
- B27F1/00—Dovetailed work; Tenons; Making tongues or grooves; Groove- and- tongue jointed work; Finger- joints
- B27F1/02—Making tongues or grooves, of indefinite length
- B27F1/04—Making tongues or grooves, of indefinite length along only one edge of a board
Definitions
- This invention relates to saw guide apparatus for use with handsaws of various kinds.
- the conventional mitre box for example, is often employed for preparing mitre joints of frames but is limited in its applications and also in the size of workpiece that it will accept. It is still widely used because of its robust nature, but even when attempts have been made to make more versatile forms of apparatus in which a workpiece can be placed for sawing, the incorporation of further facilities can make them cumbersome, and they remain extremely limited as regards the maximum size of workpiece that can be accommodated.
- saw guide apparatus comprising bearer means arranged to be placed upon a workpiece and having faces defining location planes for mutually transverse faces of the workpiece, and saw guide means on said bearer means providing a forwardly facing guide face defining the orientation of a saw guide plane relative to said workpiece faces, the bearer means comprising at least two members that are adjustably secured together, the saw guide means being secured to or forming a part of a first of the bearer members, a second of said bearer members being adjustably securable to said first member to provide a location plane rearwards of the saw guide means at an adjustable distance from the saw guide plane.
- the bearer members By providing longitudinal displacement between the bearer members they can alternatively be used for location and/or gauging the longitudinal position of a saw cut made transversely of the workpiece. Moreover,by arranging that the members are relatively rotatable to adjust the angular orientation of said one member relative to the saw guide plane and are relatively displaceable in their rotated positions, it is possible to provide for a mode of use in which the apparatus can guide a saw cut parallel to a planar face of a workpiece over any length. Additionally or alternatively the saw guide means may be pivotably secured to the first bearer member for angular adjustment relative to said mutually transverse faces of the workpiece.
- said first bearer member has a bottom face capable of defining a top face location plane perpendicular to a workpiece location plane defined by a side face of another member of the bearer means. That is to say a bottom face is planar, or is otherwise able to form a stable locating face in a plane perpendicular to a second locating face provided by a further member of the bearer means.
- a bottom face is planar, or is otherwise able to form a stable locating face in a plane perpendicular to a second locating face provided by a further member of the bearer means.
- Such an arrangement can be adapted for use either right-handed or left-handed.
- saw guide apparatus comprising bearer means carrying saw guide means and being adapted to be placed upon a workpiece to locate the apparatus against the workpiece for said saw guide means to define the orientation of a saw guide plane relative to the workpiece, said saw guide means comprising a planar element mounted on a carrier member to present an upwardly extending saw guide face, the element being provided with location means for mounting it in the saw guide means in different positions relative to the bearer means.
- saw guide apparatus comprising bearer means carrying saw guide means and being adapted to be placed upon a workpiece to locate the apparatus against the workpiece for said saw guide means to define the orientation of a saw guide plane relative to the workpiece, said saw guide means comprising a planar element mounted on a carrier member to present an upwardly extending saw guide face, and the saw guide means is provided with a U-form resilient member for urging the saw blade against the saw guide face, said member being mounted in the saw guide means to be adjustable vertically of the saw guide face.
- the apparatus there comprises a two-member bearing means 2, this having a lower angle-section member 4 and an upper shallow channel-section member 6.
- the members are secured together by a clamping screw 8 that passes through a longitudinal slot 10 in the member 6 to engage a tapped hole 12 in the lower member.
- the slot 10 is enlarged at its rear end to allow the members to be separated without removing the screw.
- the screw can be used to hold the members parallel, with the flanges 14 of the channel-section member seating in longitudinal recesses 16 in the top face of the member 4.
- the guide device comprises a right-angle bracket 22, with a horizontal limb 24 held by the screw and nut fixing and a vertical limb 26 on which a saw guide element 28 is secured by a screw 32 having its head recessed into the element to be clear of a planar front guide face 30 of the element that defines a saw guide plane.
- the vertical limb 26 has front flanges 26a that seat in a recess 34 in the rear face of the element 28 to locate the bottom edge of that element horizontally.
- the screw 32 passes through an elongate slot 26b in the limb 26 allowing the element to be adjusted upwardly and downwardly on the limb before it is secured by a nut on the screw.
- a guide spring 38 provided to hold a saw blade (not shown) against the guide face 30.
- the guide spring is formed by stainless steel or aluminium alloy strip in the form of an inverted narrow "U” with a bifurcated rear leg 40 received in the slot between the limb 26 and the element 28.
- the spring 38 is adjustable upwardly and downwardly and is secured by a further screw 33, recessed into the front face 30, like the screw 32.
- a nut 33a retaining the screw 33 is disposed in the top recess 27 in the limb 26 and the spring is therefore not clamped directly to the limb 26 although the sides of the flanges 26awill prevent the spring element rocking about the screw 33.
- the manner of attachment of the spring allows its height to be adjusted relative to the saw guide element and it can also be inserted into its slot from above or from below.
- the forward leg 42 of the spring overlies the front guide face 30 and the free end of the forward leg is formed in a shallow "V" to bear resiliently against the guide face.
- Fig. 1 illustrates the use of the apparatus to make a saw cut in an elongate workpiece W at 90° to its main faces.
- the user holds the bearer means with one hand against the workpiece so that horizontal and vertical limbs 4a, 4b of the angle-section member 4 bears firmly against the abutting workpiece top and side faces respectively, and with the blade of a handsaw (not shown) retained against the saw guide face by the spring 38, the 90° saw cut is made.
- Angular adjustment is possible about the axes of the screw and nut fixings of the saw guide device 20 to the upper bearer member 6 and of the upper bearer member 6 to the lower bearer member 4.
- location means are provided whereby specific angular orientations can be obtained.
- additional grooves can be formed in the upper face of the member 4 to receive the flanges 14 of the upper bearer member, and Fig. 1 shows a pair of such grooves 48 directed at right-angles to the angle member.
- the bottom edge of the saw guide element 28 can also engage the workpiece top face to assist in supporting the apparatus stably.
- the element 28 In the different modes of use shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the element 28 must be at different levels relative to the bearer means to do this, but the elongation of the slot 26b permits the necessary adjustment.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example, in which the same upper bearer member 6 is employed with a lower bearer member 54 that now takes the form of an I-section strip bent to a right-angled "S": a screw and nut fixing 56 is provided, with a plurality of alternative receiving holes 58 in the lower member horizontal limbs.
- the lower S-form member 54 the workpiece W, and the I-section of the lower member is disposed symmetrically between the flanges 14 of the upper channel-section member 6 so that the bottom face of one of those flanges locates on the top face of the workpiece.
- the increased depth of the S-section member gives substantially greater stability when the apparatus is held against a workpiece, which may be particularly important when making saw cuts on members with a relatively narrow top face, such as the moulding illustrated in Fig. 4.
- the lower member there extends below the workpiece, for firmer location it can be used as a bench stop or can be gripped in a vice on which the workpiece rests.
- the location of the apparatus may be assisted by the provision of transverse projections such as pins 60 on the forward limb of the S-form member having their bottom face in the same plane as the bottom faces of the upper member channel flanges.
- the forward limb 62 projects upwards to above the level of the upper bearer member 6, and thus has its rear face directly opposed to the saw guide face 30.
- a saw cut can be made at a required distance from that datum.
- the displaceability of the spring 38 allows it to be moved clear of the saw guide face to facilitate setting the spacing.
- Fig. 4 also illustrates how the relatively deep lower bearer member may depend below a workpiece and be used as a bench stop, or may have its bottom portions held in a vice.
- Fig. 5 shows the S-form member reversed as compared with Fig. 4, so that top face of a workpiece W is engaged by the upper bearer member 6 and/or the lower edge of the saw guide element, and the workpiece side face by end face 65 of the shorter end limb 64 of the lower member 54, now located rearwards of the saw guide plane.
- the apparatus held by clamping the end limb 64 against the workpiece side face this is suitable for making a saw cut vertically or nearly vertically in the end face of an elongate member in a position spaced forwards from the locating side face.
- Fig. 5 shows the S-form member reversed as compared with Fig. 4, so that top face of a workpiece W is engaged by the upper bearer member 6 and/or the lower edge of the saw guide element, and the workpiece side face by end face 65 of the shorter end limb 64 of the lower member 54, now located rearwards of the saw guide plane.
- the position of the vertical saw cut in the other part of the joint can be gauged using the vertical cut face in the workpiece W after the waste has been removed at one side of the first saw cut.
- the spacing between the limb 64 and the saw guide face 30 is set at the distance between the first saw cut and the opposite face of the workpiece to that with which the limb 64 is shown in contact in Fig. 5.
- Fig. 2 When sawing wide workpieces, it will be understood that the mode of operation shown in Fig. 2 may be employed using the modified form of the apparatus of Figs. 4 and 5, with the S-form member 54 turned at right-angles to the upper member. Slots can be provided in either or both horizontal limbs of the S-form member, like the grooves 48 in the bearer member 4, to give a positive angular setting.
- the saw guide device is then turned through 90°, so that the saw guide face 30 is directed parallel to the upper bearer member, and that member is abutted against the side face of a batten or like straight-edge clamped to the workpiece, the saw guide face will then define a plane parallel to the abutment face and the apparatus can be used to make a saw cut at a predetermined and fixed spacing from that face.
- this also illustrates a modification of the saw guide device in that a guide element 28a is provided with grooves in its rear face for two spaced guide springs 38, both vertically adjustable and reversible (as will be described below). Furthermore, to increase wear resistance a facing sheet 30a, e.g. of a plastics laminate, can be adhered to the front face of the saw guide element in this and other embodiments. If required, interchangeable saw guide elements may be provided for specialised functions, e.g. for hacksaws for coping saws, for tile cutters etc.
- a guide face element 70 is provided having an oblique front face.
- the rear face is still located vertically by the bracket but the element has a tapered thickness so that the front face is inclined at a small angle to allow it to be used for cutting the pins and slots of dovetail joints.
- an inclination of 8° is provided, a conventional angle for dovetails.
- the guide element is shown in position for cutting the sides of dovetail pins that must have their faces inclined to the longitudinal (vertical) axis from the joint end face of the workpiece W. To cut the opposite sides of the dovetail pins the element 70 is turned through 180°.
- the element is turned through 90° and 270°.
- Mutually transverse grooves 34 allow the guide spring 38 to be inserted from the uppermost edge of the guide element 70 as it is turned to each new position: preferably in each case the bottoms of the spring grooves are at a uniform distance from the guide face.
- Fig. 6 shows a further possible modification of the apparatus to incorporate two saw guide devices at opposite ends of the bearer means.
- the upper bearer member 72 otherwise similar to the member 6, is cranked at its rear end to form an integral saw guide bracket 74 on which the additional saw guide element 28 is mounted, with a guide spring 38 if required.
- This may be of particular advantage when it is required to make saw cuts at two different settings (as in the case of dovetail pins and slots) and it is then possible to preserve the settings while all the cuts are being made.
- this second saw guide device may be mounted on a pivotable bracket also if required. It is alternatively possible to form the saw guide bracket in the previously described embodiments as an integral part of the upper bearer member. Although some modes of adjustment may not be possible this will be a more economical construction.
- Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate an alternative modification for use in cutting dovetail joints.
- a modified lower bearer member 76 is of inverted U-form with dependent limbs 78a, 78b one of which is perpendicular to the horizontal intermediate section and the other of which is at an angle of 8° to the vertical.
- the limb 78a can be used in the same way as the l;imb 64 (Fig. 5).
- the limb 78b can be set against a side face of a workpiece W, as illustrated in Fig. 7, to locate the saw guide plane at 8° to that side face.
- the figure shown one side of a dovetail pin being cut and the oppositely inclined other side is cut after reversing the .
- the lower member has two pairs of grooves 80a, 80b oppositely inclined at 8 0 to the longitudinal axis, so that the saw guide face can be located at an oblique position to the vertical side face of the workpiece W for the mating part of the joint.
- Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate another saw guide element 82 that can be assembled in different positions for different uses.
- the guide element has an elongate rectangular form with a pattern of projections on its rear face formed by ribs running parallel to its side edges and interrupted by similarly directed recesses. Along its longer dimension the rear face has a single central pair of interrupted ribs 84 while along its shorter dimension the rear face has three similar pairs of interrupted ribs 86 symmetrically spaced.
- a series of three apertures 88 are formed through the element at the intersections of the centre-lines of the pairs of ribs, each with hexagonal sockets 90 for holding a hexagonal screw head.
- sockets for the fixing screw that attaches the element 82 to a supporting bracket 22, with the flanges 26a of the bracket embracing a pair of ribs 84 or 86, as indicated in Fig. 10.
- the guide element can be mounted with either of its longer edges uppermost, because alternative apertures with hexagon sockets 92a are provided above and below each socket 90 for the guide spring attaching screw 33.
- the guide element can be mounted with either of its shorter edges uppermost, the lowermost of the sockets 88 being used in either instance for the fixing screw 32 and the adjacent socket 92b above it holding the guide spring attaching screw 33.
- All four edges of the guide elements can thus be used as a lowermost edge, where wear from the saw teeth is most likely to occur, and because of the three pairs of ribs 86 the guide element can also be placed asymetrically relative to the mounting bracket, e.g., so that the major part of its width extends over the workpiece for better stability of the apparatus and increased clearance for the saw handle.
- a pair of ribs such as the ribs 86 adjacent an edge of the guide element, it can be mounted on its bracket 20 without that edge extending beyond the width of the bearer upper member.
- the guide element 30 does not project past the location plane formed by the side edges of the S-form member 54 it can be mounted in a position in which it depends below the upper bearer member and thus below the top face of the workpiece. The element can thus guide the saw blade through a greater depth of cut.
- the guide element above the workpiece should have a recessed lower edge, as illustrated at 92 in Fig. 7, so that the laterally projecting tips of the teeth do not contact the saw guide element. Generally, however, it is unnecessary to try to avoid this source of minor inaccuracy.
- the saw guide device may incorporate means acting as a depth stop to limit the depth of saw cut.
- the saw guide element may be so adjustable in height so that the saw movement downwards is limited by engagement of the spine of the saw with the upper edge of the element.
- the guide spring 38 can be used as a depth stop by reversing it from the illustrated position so that it is upwardly open. Near their junction the two vertical limbs of the spring are joined by a screw bolt 94 (Fig. 1) that forms an axle for a hard plastics roller 96 and when the saw teeth engage the roller further downwards movement of the saw is prevented. The roller rotates freely and therefore little or no damage is caused to it or the saw teeth.
- the screw bolt 94 can help to draw the two limbs of the guide spring together and so be used to adjust the spring pressure with which a saw blade is held against the guide element.
- Fig. 11 shows a further modified apparatus according to the invention.
- the upper bearer member 6 and saw guide device 20 are as described before but a longitudinally and rotatably adjustable intermediate box frame member 102, is clamped to the upper member by the screw 8, and to a planar bottom element 102a of the member 102 a lower L-shaped member is secured to be longitudinally adjustable.
- Location against a workpiece top face is provided by the upper bearer member 6, and side face location by the side edges 102b of the intermediate member 102 together with the lower member 104 if this is present.
- the upper member is held in longitudinal alignment with the intermediate member by grooves (as in the previously described embodiments).
- Auxiliary grooves 110 are illustrated for receiving the channel section flanges of the upper member to locate the upper and intermediate members at right angles to each other and there may of course be similar pairs of grooves for other angular orientations.
- the lower member 104 is slidable longitudinally on the intermediate member and is secured by a further clamping screw 112. It is therefore adjustable independently of the relative positions of the upper and intermediate members, and its upright terminal limb 104a can be employed in the same way as the limb 62 shown in Fig. 4. With the lower member 104 removed, the forward end face 102c of the intermediate member can be employed in the same way as the shorter vertical limb 64 shown in Fig. 5.
- the intermediate member With the lower member removed, if the intermediate member is inverted, as shown in broken lines in Fig. 11, its lugs 108 depend a short distance below the upper member to function as a side location for the workpiece.
- the apparatus can be used for, e.g. a workpiece held in a bench vice, where there is not enough clearance for the lugs of the intermediate member.
- Fig. 12 illustrates this modification applied to the apparatus of Figs. 1 to 3.
- the lower bearer member 4 has been turned at right angles to the upper member 6 and the saw guide bracket has been replaced by a horizontal drill plate 122.
- Replaceable drill bushes 124 in prepared holes in the plate permit a series of holes to be drilled at a constant distance from the edge of a workpiece abutted by the flange of the lower member.
- the drill plate illustrated is itself formed by a saw guide element, identical to the previously described element 28 except for the added drill bush holes.
- the bearer means comprises a member having an upright limb disposed forwardly beyond the saw guide plane
- means can be provided for attaching a selector head, as is described in UK patent specification 1 502 596, for assisting the location of a saw cut relative to an existing cut or end face as described in that earlier patent specification.
- the saw guide elements have been illustrated with retaining springs to hold the saw blades against the guide faces, it is possible to use other saw retaining means known in the art, such as inset magnets, or fixed or sprung rollers, but it is generally desirable to provide means that allow the user to use the apparatus with the entire guide face unobstructed if desired.
- Other modifications are also possible within the scope of the invention: for example the saw guide carrier and planar element can be a single member and the guide element if detachable can also be reversible.
- the parts of the apparatus can also be adapted for more effective co-operation with other apparatus: for example special guide springs may be provided for engagement of a hacksaw blade.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Sawing (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT81302539T ATE19020T1 (de) | 1980-06-07 | 1981-06-08 | Saegefuehrungsvorrichtung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8018707 | 1980-06-07 | ||
GB8018707 | 1980-06-07 | ||
GB8102933 | 1981-01-30 | ||
GB8102933 | 1981-01-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0042244A1 true EP0042244A1 (fr) | 1981-12-23 |
EP0042244B1 EP0042244B1 (fr) | 1986-04-09 |
Family
ID=26275762
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP81302539A Expired EP0042244B1 (fr) | 1980-06-07 | 1981-06-08 | Dispositif de guidage d'une scie |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0042244B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3174301D1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1983002084A1 (fr) * | 1981-12-15 | 1983-06-23 | Wynn, Gordon, Williams | Appareil de guidage d'une scie |
GB2137930A (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1984-10-17 | Marion L Glasgo | A tool device for guiding saw cuts in the end edges of boards to be joined by dovetail elements |
GB2162123A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1986-01-29 | Wynn Ltd G W | Saw guide apparatus |
US4632159A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1986-12-30 | Glasgo Marion L | Clamp-on marking template and saw guide for making dovetail joints |
DE102006020203B3 (de) * | 2006-05-02 | 2008-01-10 | Venjakob Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von Werkstücken während eines Reinigungsvorgangs |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1442265A (en) * | 1922-01-21 | 1923-01-16 | James W Grandle | Miter gauge |
US1520615A (en) * | 1923-05-02 | 1924-12-23 | Joseph H Thompson | Saw guide |
US1535042A (en) * | 1924-01-16 | 1925-04-21 | Sadler Thomas Dudley | Handsaw guide |
US1999239A (en) * | 1934-05-22 | 1935-04-30 | Ernest G Jaques | Collapsible saw guide |
US2070735A (en) * | 1935-10-28 | 1937-02-16 | Ernest G Jaques | Hacksaw support and guide |
US2942634A (en) * | 1958-08-26 | 1960-06-28 | Joseph D Gathercoal | Mitering device |
GB1508236A (en) * | 1976-08-19 | 1978-04-19 | Hoyle V | Guides for power saws |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU5605080A (en) * | 1979-03-01 | 1980-09-04 | Cornelis Johannes Maria Beerens | Hand saw guide |
-
1981
- 1981-06-08 EP EP81302539A patent/EP0042244B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-06-08 DE DE8181302539T patent/DE3174301D1/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1442265A (en) * | 1922-01-21 | 1923-01-16 | James W Grandle | Miter gauge |
US1520615A (en) * | 1923-05-02 | 1924-12-23 | Joseph H Thompson | Saw guide |
US1535042A (en) * | 1924-01-16 | 1925-04-21 | Sadler Thomas Dudley | Handsaw guide |
US1999239A (en) * | 1934-05-22 | 1935-04-30 | Ernest G Jaques | Collapsible saw guide |
US2070735A (en) * | 1935-10-28 | 1937-02-16 | Ernest G Jaques | Hacksaw support and guide |
US2942634A (en) * | 1958-08-26 | 1960-06-28 | Joseph D Gathercoal | Mitering device |
GB1508236A (en) * | 1976-08-19 | 1978-04-19 | Hoyle V | Guides for power saws |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1983002084A1 (fr) * | 1981-12-15 | 1983-06-23 | Wynn, Gordon, Williams | Appareil de guidage d'une scie |
GB2137930A (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1984-10-17 | Marion L Glasgo | A tool device for guiding saw cuts in the end edges of boards to be joined by dovetail elements |
US4632159A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1986-12-30 | Glasgo Marion L | Clamp-on marking template and saw guide for making dovetail joints |
GB2162123A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1986-01-29 | Wynn Ltd G W | Saw guide apparatus |
DE102006020203B3 (de) * | 2006-05-02 | 2008-01-10 | Venjakob Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von Werkstücken während eines Reinigungsvorgangs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3174301D1 (en) | 1986-05-15 |
EP0042244B1 (fr) | 1986-04-09 |
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