EP0041932B1 - Apparatus for spraying lining - Google Patents
Apparatus for spraying lining Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0041932B1 EP0041932B1 EP81850099A EP81850099A EP0041932B1 EP 0041932 B1 EP0041932 B1 EP 0041932B1 EP 81850099 A EP81850099 A EP 81850099A EP 81850099 A EP81850099 A EP 81850099A EP 0041932 B1 EP0041932 B1 EP 0041932B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conduit
- mixing nozzle
- lance
- lining material
- coupling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
- F27D1/1636—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining
- F27D1/1673—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining applied centrifugally
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/02—Linings
- B22D41/023—Apparatus used for making or repairing linings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for spraying lining on the inner surface of tunnels, deep vessels etc., e.g. ladles.
- a wear lining which for deep vessels such as ladles, for example, consists of a refractory material.
- tunnels there can be a need to line the interior surface with cement.
- Such sprayers are known; see for example U.S. Patent 3,797,745.
- This patent describes a sprayer for lining ladles.
- dry refractory material is conveyed to one or more mixing nozzles, in which the dry material is mixed with a wetting agent and leaves the nozzles while they rotate by means of a drive means, so that an even lining is applied to the interior surface of the ladle.
- the apparatus is assumed to be movable along or parallel to the axis of the ladle.
- the wetting agent is applied centrally in a conduit, concentrically arranged in a pipe in which the dry material is conveyed by air.
- This design comprises a generally vertically arranged pair of telescopically related counduits, these being a nozzle on the lower end of the innermost conduit.
- Granular material is supplied to the upper end of the innermost conduit and water is supplied through a member to the upper end of the outer conduit and from the lower end of the outer conduit to the mixing nozzle.
- Means is provided for rotating the conduits and hence the nozzle.
- the wetting agent to the mixing nozzle in a satisfactory manner.
- it may be necessary to add more than one wetting agent to the dry material can be eliminated and the sprayer according to the invention be used for interior painting of cisterns or pipes of relatively large diameter, for example.
- the invention relates to an apparatus for spraying lining on the inner surface of tunnels, deep containers etc., e.g. ladles comprising
- a first elongated conduit having an entrance end through which dry lining material is conveyed by a carrier gas, and terminating at its other end in one or more mixing nozzles with at least one discharge lance, through which the lining material is sprayed;
- the second conduit is arranged outside and beside said first conduit, the two ends of said second conduit are connected with each other via the second rotary coupling, comprising a fixed member arranged on the first conduit and a member arranged around the first conduit, which members are rotatable relative each other, the rotatable member being connected to the mixing nozzle(s) and said second rotary coupling is provided with one or more annular grooves on each coupling half, directlyfacing each other, and with the required sealing means between the coupling halves, said annular grooves being in communication with the entrance and outlet conduit for wetting agent.
- the sprayer is provided with a lance and one or more mixing nozzles.
- the sprayer according to the invention is provided with two lances and one or more mixing nozzles to each lance.
- the outer pipe of the first conduit is arranged to be driven by means of the drive means with a rotary movement thus driving the lance arrangement.
- the rotating coupling half of the second rotary coupling is arranged to be driven by means of the drive means with a rotational movement thus driving the lance arrangement.
- the sprayer comprises a central pipe 1, a first rotary coupling 2, a second rotary coupling 3, a drive means 4, at least one mixing nozzle 5, and at least one lance 6.
- a hose 7 is inserted in the central pipe 1, through which hose the dry material is conveyed by means of a carrier gas.
- the hose which is surrounded in the pipe 1 by suitable spacers (not shown), terminates at or slightly above the deflector plate 8, which directs the dry material into the lance 6 past the mixing nozzle 5.
- the sprayer is only provided with one lance.
- Awetting agentforthe dry material is conducted through a conduit9, 10 via the second rotary coupling 3 to the mixing nozzle 5.
- the drive means 4 includes an electric motor for example which in this embodiment drives, via a gear 11, a gear ring 12 which is fixed to the central pipe 1, whereby the lance 6 is caused to rotate.
- This is made possible by the first rotary coupling, of known design, by means of which the central pipe 1 is divided into an upper fixed portion 13 and a rotary lower portion 14.
- the second rotary coupling 3 consists of members 15 and 16, one 16 of which is fixed to the central pipe 1, by welding for example (see Fig. 3).
- each member 15 and 16 there is an annular groove 17 and 18, respectively.
- the grooves 17 and 18 are arranged directly facing each other.
- the second member 15 is mounted by means of a bearing 20 on the central pipe 1.
- the two members 15 and 16 are provided with connections 21 and 22, one the inlet and one the outlet for wetting agent.
- the connection 21 is the inlet and 22 is the outlet, which is connected to the mixing nozzle 5 via the conduit 10.
- the sprayer according to the invention functions in the following manner.
- the sprayer is suspended in a suitable suspension means (not shown).
- the hose 7 communicates with a suitable storage vessel (not shown) and by means of a carrier gas, dry lining material can be conveyed through the hose 7 to the lance 6 past the mixing nozzle 5.
- the drive means 4 sets the lance 6 in rotary motion, which means that the lower portion 14 of the central pipe 1, the lower member 16 of the second rotary coupling 3, the conduit 10 and the mixing nozzle 5 will rotate at the same speed.
- Wetting agent which is supplied through the conduit 9, can be fed in in a predetermined amount by a known measuring means (not shown) and will flow via the annular groove 17,18 in the coupling 3 to the mixing nozzle 5 and be mixed with the dry lining material and be applied to the interior walls of the vessel in question via the lance 6.
- a suitable lifting means, an overhead crane or the like can move the sprayer up and down through the vessel so that its walls are evenly coated.
- Reference numeral 23 designates a cover which is of course removable and which serves as a heat radiation protecter.
- the sprayer according to Fig. 1 appears to be quite tall, but this is not the case in practice since, as is shown in Fig. 2, the first 2 and second 3 rotary couplings and the drive means 4 can be brought together so as to shorten the length of the sprayer. It is possible, by means of suitable arrangements, to use the sprayer horizontally, i.e. with the central pipe 1 horizontal, for lining or painting tunnels or pipes of large diameter, for example.
- the drive means 4 can also be so constructed that the lance 6 (lances) is pivoted back and forth over a certain predetermined sector.
- Fig. 2 The embodiment according to Fig. 2 is similar to the one in Fig. 1 but it is intended for two lances 6 each with a mixing nozzle 5. Only one lance and one mixing nozzle are shown.
- the deflecting plate 8 in Fig. 1 has been replaced here with a conical distributing means for dry material, schematically shown here and labelled 24.
- the central pipe 1 is divided into an upper portion 13 and a lower portion 14 connected to the first rotary coupling 2, now placed near the lances 6.
- the second rotary coupling 3 as shown in Fig. 4 is turned upside down so that its member 16 is rigidly fixed to the central pipe 1 as before.
- Fig. 2 shows the drive means 4 fixed to the upper portion of the coupling 3 and driving the gear ring 12 fixed to supports 25, which rigidly join the lower member 15 of the coupling 3 to the lower portion 14 of the central pipe 1, on which the lances 6 with the mixing nozzles 5 are arranged.
- Neither the second lance, the second mixing nozzle nor the second supply conduit 10 to the second mixing nozzle are shown in Fig. 2.
- the lance 6 (lances) can suitably be inclined downwards as seen in Figs. 1 and 2 by an angle of 5-10° and a suitable rotational speed of the lances can be between 1 and 10 r.p.m. or higher when the r.p.m. is continuously variable.
- the higher speed is of course used when one desires to apply thin coats.
- a practical measure is to keep the pressure of the wetting agent in the mixing nozzles higher than the pressure of the carrier gas for the dry material.
- the construction in the present invention solves in a practically feasible manner the problem of supplying a solid dry material and at least one wetting agent to the lances 6. It has proved impossible to implement in practical operation the disclosure in U.S. Patent Specification 3,797,745 mentioned in the introduction.
- member 15 must be rotated 180° in the same manner for the outlet21 to be on the same side as the conduit 10 in Fig. 2. Furthermore it can be mentioned that the conduit 10 can be connected anywhere on the circumference of the annular groove 18 in Fig. 3 or the groove 17 in Fig. 4.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an apparatus for spraying lining on the inner surface of tunnels, deep vessels etc., e.g. ladles. There is often a need to line objects with a wear lining which for deep vessels such as ladles, for example, consists of a refractory material. In tunnels there can be a need to line the interior surface with cement.
- Such sprayers are known; see for example U.S. Patent 3,797,745. This patent describes a sprayer for lining ladles. By means of air, dry refractory material is conveyed to one or more mixing nozzles, in which the dry material is mixed with a wetting agent and leaves the nozzles while they rotate by means of a drive means, so that an even lining is applied to the interior surface of the ladle. The apparatus is assumed to be movable along or parallel to the axis of the ladle. In this design, the wetting agent is applied centrally in a conduit, concentrically arranged in a pipe in which the dry material is conveyed by air. Since the mixing nozzles rotate, it has proved difficult to get the wetting agent to them in a satisfactory manner. US-A-4,099,708 and US-A--4,163,546, the latter being an improvement of theformer apparatus, also describe an apparatus for controlled application of granular refractory material to the linings of ladles, furnaces and other open top vessels employed in the handling of molten metals.
- This design comprises a generally vertically arranged pair of telescopically related counduits, these being a nozzle on the lower end of the innermost conduit. Granular material is supplied to the upper end of the innermost conduit and water is supplied through a member to the upper end of the outer conduit and from the lower end of the outer conduit to the mixing nozzle. Means is provided for rotating the conduits and hence the nozzle. In this design it has also proved difficult to get the wetting agent to the mixing nozzle in a satisfactory manner. For certain applications, it may be necessary to add more than one wetting agent to the dry material, and this problem is solved by the present invention as well. For certain completely different areas of application, the dry material can be eliminated and the sprayer according to the invention be used for interior painting of cisterns or pipes of relatively large diameter, for example.
- The invention relates to an apparatus for spraying lining on the inner surface of tunnels, deep containers etc., e.g. ladles comprising
- a first elongated conduit having an entrance end through which dry lining material is conveyed by a carrier gas, and terminating at its other end in one or more mixing nozzles with at least one discharge lance, through which the lining material is sprayed;
- at least one second elongated conduit with an entrance end for a wetting agent for the lining material and the other end of which being connected to the mixing nozzle; a first rotary coupling intermediate the entrance end of the first conduit and the mixing nozzle;
- a second rotary coupling intermediate the entrance end of the second conduit and the mixing nozzle; and
- a drive means for driving the mixing nozzle with the discharge lance means in a rotating manner.
- According to the invention the second conduit is arranged outside and beside said first conduit, the two ends of said second conduit are connected with each other via the second rotary coupling, comprising a fixed member arranged on the first conduit and a member arranged around the first conduit, which members are rotatable relative each other, the rotatable member being connected to the mixing nozzle(s) and said second rotary coupling is provided with one or more annular grooves on each coupling half, directlyfacing each other, and with the required sealing means between the coupling halves, said annular grooves being in communication with the entrance and outlet conduit for wetting agent.
- In one embodiment of the invention, the sprayer is provided with a lance and one or more mixing nozzles.
- In another embodiment, the sprayer according to the invention is provided with two lances and one or more mixing nozzles to each lance.
- According to the invention, the outer pipe of the first conduit is arranged to be driven by means of the drive means with a rotary movement thus driving the lance arrangement.
- In an alternative embodiment, the rotating coupling half of the second rotary coupling is arranged to be driven by means of the drive means with a rotational movement thus driving the lance arrangement.
- The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, of which
- Fig. 1 shows a side view, partially in section, of a sprayer according to the invention,
- Fig. 2 shows a side view of another embodiment of a sprayer according to the invention,
- Fig. 3 shows a section of the second rotary coupling used in the embodiment according to Fig. 1, and
- Fig. 4 shows a section of the second rotary coupling used in the embodiment according to Fig. 2.
- According to Figs. 1 and 2, the sprayer according to the invention comprises a central pipe 1, a first
rotary coupling 2, a secondrotary coupling 3, a drive means 4, at least one mixingnozzle 5, and at least onelance 6. Ahose 7 is inserted in the central pipe 1, through which hose the dry material is conveyed by means of a carrier gas. The hose, which is surrounded in the pipe 1 by suitable spacers (not shown), terminates at or slightly above thedeflector plate 8, which directs the dry material into thelance 6 past themixing nozzle 5. In this embodiment the sprayer is only provided with one lance. Awetting agentforthe dry material is conducted through a conduit9, 10 via the secondrotary coupling 3 to themixing nozzle 5. The drive means 4 includes an electric motor for example which in this embodiment drives, via a gear 11, agear ring 12 which is fixed to the central pipe 1, whereby thelance 6 is caused to rotate. This is made possible by the first rotary coupling, of known design, by means of which the central pipe 1 is divided into an upper fixedportion 13 and a rotarylower portion 14. - The second
rotary coupling 3 consists ofmembers member annular groove grooves members seals 19 arranged in annular grooves. Thesecond member 15 is mounted by means of abearing 20 on the central pipe 1. The twomembers connections connection 21 is the inlet and 22 is the outlet, which is connected to themixing nozzle 5 via theconduit 10. - If supply of more than one wetting agent is desired, several pairs of annular grooves of the same type as 17 and 18 can be arranged in the rotary coupling, and then be provided with their respective connections. The outlet of such a connection is then connected to its mixing nozzle, for example 5' via a conduit 10'.
- It should be noted here that it is possible to use the sprayer according to the invention without supplying dry material, using a suitably design mixing nozzle(s) and lance(s) for interior painting of cisterns, for example.
- The sprayer according to the invention functions in the following manner. The sprayer is suspended in a suitable suspension means (not shown). The
hose 7 communicates with a suitable storage vessel (not shown) and by means of a carrier gas, dry lining material can be conveyed through thehose 7 to thelance 6 past themixing nozzle 5. The drive means 4 sets thelance 6 in rotary motion, which means that thelower portion 14 of the central pipe 1, thelower member 16 of the secondrotary coupling 3, theconduit 10 and themixing nozzle 5 will rotate at the same speed. Wetting agent, which is supplied through theconduit 9, can be fed in in a predetermined amount by a known measuring means (not shown) and will flow via theannular groove coupling 3 to the mixingnozzle 5 and be mixed with the dry lining material and be applied to the interior walls of the vessel in question via thelance 6. A suitable lifting means, an overhead crane or the like can move the sprayer up and down through the vessel so that its walls are evenly coated.Reference numeral 23 designates a cover which is of course removable and which serves as a heat radiation protecter. - The sprayer according to Fig. 1 appears to be quite tall, but this is not the case in practice since, as is shown in Fig. 2, the first 2 and second 3 rotary couplings and the drive means 4 can be brought together so as to shorten the length of the sprayer. It is possible, by means of suitable arrangements, to use the sprayer horizontally, i.e. with the central pipe 1 horizontal, for lining or painting tunnels or pipes of large diameter, for example. The drive means 4 can also be so constructed that the lance 6 (lances) is pivoted back and forth over a certain predetermined sector.
- The embodiment according to Fig. 2 is similar to the one in Fig. 1 but it is intended for two
lances 6 each with amixing nozzle 5. Only one lance and one mixing nozzle are shown. Thedeflecting plate 8 in Fig. 1 has been replaced here with a conical distributing means for dry material, schematically shown here and labelled 24. - As in Fig. 1, the central pipe 1 is divided into an
upper portion 13 and alower portion 14 connected to the firstrotary coupling 2, now placed near thelances 6. As compared to Figs. 1 and 3, the secondrotary coupling 3, as shown in Fig. 4, is turned upside down so that itsmember 16 is rigidly fixed to the central pipe 1 as before. Themember 17, which is now the bottom member as seen in Fig. 4, can rotate about the pipe 1 on thebearing 20. Fig. 2 shows the drive means 4 fixed to the upper portion of thecoupling 3 and driving thegear ring 12 fixed to supports 25, which rigidly join thelower member 15 of thecoupling 3 to thelower portion 14 of the central pipe 1, on which thelances 6 with themixing nozzles 5 are arranged. Neither the second lance, the second mixing nozzle nor thesecond supply conduit 10 to the second mixing nozzle are shown in Fig. 2. - As in the embodiment in Fig. 1, in the central pipe 1 there is a hose 7 (not shown) inserted which terminates at the conical distributor means 24.
- The lance 6 (lances) can suitably be inclined downwards as seen in Figs. 1 and 2 by an angle of 5-10° and a suitable rotational speed of the lances can be between 1 and 10 r.p.m. or higher when the r.p.m. is continuously variable. The higher speed is of course used when one desires to apply thin coats. A practical measure is to keep the pressure of the wetting agent in the mixing nozzles higher than the pressure of the carrier gas for the dry material.
- The construction in the present invention solves in a practically feasible manner the problem of supplying a solid dry material and at least one wetting agent to the
lances 6. It has proved impossible to implement in practical operation the disclosure in U.S. Patent Specification 3,797,745 mentioned in the introduction. - Through the rotary coupling shown in the present Figs. 3 and 4, the supply of the wetting agent to the
lances 6 is separate from the supply of the dry material. It should be mentioned here that in Figs. 3 and 4, theinlet 21 and theoutlet 22 in Fig. 3 and theinlet 22 and theoutlet 21 in Fig. 4 do not agree in their placements with the placement of theconduit member 15 of thecoupling 3 in Fig. 3 must be rotated 180° so that theinlet 21 will be on the same side as theconduit 9. In Fig. 4,member 15 must be rotated 180° in the same manner for the outlet21 to be on the same side as theconduit 10 in Fig. 2. Furthermore it can be mentioned that theconduit 10 can be connected anywhere on the circumference of theannular groove 18 in Fig. 3 or thegroove 17 in Fig. 4.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT81850099T ATE36192T1 (en) | 1980-06-06 | 1981-06-01 | DEVICE FOR SPRAYING A LINING. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8004257 | 1980-06-06 | ||
SE8004257A SE424816B (en) | 1980-06-06 | 1980-06-06 | SPRAY FOR SPRAYING FOOD |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0041932A1 EP0041932A1 (en) | 1981-12-16 |
EP0041932B1 true EP0041932B1 (en) | 1988-08-03 |
Family
ID=20341160
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP81850099A Expired EP0041932B1 (en) | 1980-06-06 | 1981-06-01 | Apparatus for spraying lining |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0041932B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE36192T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3176831D1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE424816B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3227034A1 (en) * | 1982-07-20 | 1984-01-26 | Kurt 4300 Essen Wolf | EJECTOR, ESPECIALLY FOR MENDING THE DELIVERY OF MELTING OVENS, COUPLERS OR THE LIKE. |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4099708A (en) * | 1977-08-03 | 1978-07-11 | Riverside Clay Company | Apparatus for applying granular refractory material to surfaces |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3797745A (en) * | 1973-01-24 | 1974-03-19 | J Haus | Apparatus for spraying refractory lining |
US3799445A (en) * | 1973-04-30 | 1974-03-26 | Pfizer | Vertical remote-controlled refractory gunning apparatus |
US3847353A (en) * | 1973-11-14 | 1974-11-12 | J Wynne | Spray device for coating the outside of pipe |
US3931959A (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-01-13 | A. P. Green Refractories Co. | Gun for applying refractory material |
US4211367A (en) * | 1977-03-23 | 1980-07-08 | Bmi, Inc. | Gunning apparatus for in situ spraying of refractory material |
US4163546A (en) * | 1978-03-06 | 1979-08-07 | Morris John C | Apparatus for applying granular refractory material to surfaces |
-
1980
- 1980-06-06 SE SE8004257A patent/SE424816B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1981
- 1981-06-01 AT AT81850099T patent/ATE36192T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-06-01 EP EP81850099A patent/EP0041932B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-06-01 DE DE8181850099T patent/DE3176831D1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4099708A (en) * | 1977-08-03 | 1978-07-11 | Riverside Clay Company | Apparatus for applying granular refractory material to surfaces |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE8004257L (en) | 1981-12-07 |
SE424816B (en) | 1982-08-16 |
ATE36192T1 (en) | 1988-08-15 |
EP0041932A1 (en) | 1981-12-16 |
DE3176831D1 (en) | 1988-09-08 |
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