Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
  • C11D1/528—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where at least one of the chains R1, R2 or R3 is interrupted by a functional group, e.g. a -NH-, -NR-, -CO-, or -CON- group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
  • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
  • D06M13/405—Acylated polyalkylene polyamines

Definitions

• This invention relates to novel fabric softeners, compositions containing them and the use thereof for the treatment of fabrics.
• the five most commonly found active softening agents in consumer products purchased in the U.S.A. are all quaternary nitrogen compounds:-(I) a methyl chloride quaternised tertiary amine,(II)adimethylsulphate quaternised tertiary amine,(II) a dimethyl sulphate quaternised polyethoxylated di amido amine, (IV) a diittethyl sulphate quaternised polypropoxylated diamido amine and(V) a diemthyl sulphate quaternised alkyl amido alkyl imidazoline.
• German Patent Application No. 2520150 (Brit. Pat. 1,483,984) for example describes the preparation of a quaternised mixture of a diamido diethylenetriamine and an imidazoline.
• the presence of the quaternised diamido diethylenetriamine is said to lower the softening effect of the mixture compared with the quaternised imidazoline alone but to improve the rewettability of the fabric after washing, which most known fabric softeners reduce.
• the patent implies that quaternised diamido diethylenetriamines alone are not effective fabric softeners.
• unquatermsed diamido amines, their salts and partial salts tend to be intractable solids at room temperature, which even on dilution with a suitable solvent e.g. 25% of a lower alkanol such as isopropanol, hexylene glycol, propylene glycol or mixtures thereof, are still too viscous for convenient handling.
• a suitable solvent e.g. 25% of a lower alkanol such as isopropanol, hexylene glycol, propylene glycol or mixtures thereof
• novel unquaternised hydroxyalkyl diamido amine salts can be obtained as mobile pastes in the presence of the aforesaid solvents, and exhibit much improved handling characteristics, while retaining the desirable softening properties which we have found to be characteristic of the unquaternised diamido amines.
• the novel salts also perform well in rewettability tests, which is unusual for such effective softeners.
• Our invention therefore provides a novel composition which comprises a water dispersible amido amine of the average formula: wherein an average of from 20% to 80% of the R groups per molecule are acyl groups having an average of from 12 to 22 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms, at least 20% of the R groups are -CH 2 CH 2 0H or -CH 2 CH(OH)CH 3 or mixtures of these groups and any other R group is hydrogen, n is 2 or 3 and m is an integer from 2 to 5.
• R groups are acyl they can be saturated, e.g. stearoyl, monounsaturated, e.g. oleoyl, polyunsaturated or may be mixtures of these types.
• the preferred compounds are those wherein n and m are each 2.
• the acyl groups are derived from tallow or lard.
• the products of our invention optionally but preferably contain a compatible amount, up to 70%, preferably 10 to 50%, e.g. 25% by weight, of a fluid, water miscible hydroxyaliphatic solvent.
• any water miscible hydroxy-, or polyhydroxy-, alkane or alkylether having a viscosity of less than 30 centipoises at 20°C may be used.
• Preferred examples include isopropanol, hexylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethylether and mixtures thereof.
• the hydroxyalkyl amido amine is partially (e.g. from 10% to 80%, preferably 20 to 60%) neutralised with a lower carboxylic or hydroxycarboxylic acid, e.g. acetic, formic, propionic, lactic or glycollic acid.
• the product may additionally contain a minor proportion of salts of inorganic acids especially sulphites, which help to stabilise the product against oxidation.
• the novel amido amines of our invention may be obtained by controlled alkoxylation of an amido amine prepared by amidating a polyalkylene polyamine, e.g. by heating it with the necessary amount of a glyceryl ester to provide the desired alkyl groups in the correct proportions.
• the polyamine may be heated with a fatty acid or methyl ester thereof while distilling off water or methanol respectively.
• the heating is carried out at temperatures above 100°C but not sufficiently high to decompose any glycerol formed.
• the temperature should be maintained below 180°C and preferably at 120 to 160°C, e.g. 140°C.
• Heating is preferably carried in an inert atmosphere to prevent colour degradations, e.g. under nitrogen for from 2 to 6, preferably 4 hours.
• the product may then be reacted with ethylene or propylene oxide at a temperature between 100 and 200°C.
• the presence of a catalyst should generally be avoided in order to prevent formation of polyoxyalkylene chains.
• the solvent may be added after alkoxylation to facilitate dispersion of the product in water.
• the invention provides softening compositions comprising the novel amido amine, any glycerol remaining from the preparation of the diamide and the added solvent.
• the novel products of our invention maybe used in conventional manner, e.g. as a post-rinse after washing.
• substantially monoethoxylated products of our invention are significantly more fluid in the presence of organic solvent than corresponding non-ethoxylated diamidoamines.
• the vessel was evacuated and flushed with nitrogen to displace most of the air.
• the reactor charge was then cooled to 120°C and 132 kg of ethylene oxide fed in slowly cooling to maintain 120°C.
• the product is a hazy, mobile, pumpable liquid at 20°C.
• the above preparation was repeated but without the addition of solvents.
• the product was a waxy solid which was fluid at 40 to 45°C. On dilution to 75% with isopropanol the product became pourable at 20 C.
• Domestic fabric softener formulations normally consist of concentrated fabric softener solutions as prepared in examples 1 and 2 dispersed into water to yeild translucent liquids containing normally 2% to 8% "active" softener.
• active we mean the non solvent component in a fabric softener concentrate.
• Example 3 the appearance and stability of the aqueous dispersion of the concentrates is important for consumer acceptability. Products which yield stable dispersions with viscosities in the range 100 to 500 centipoise as measured by a "Brookfield" viscometer, model LVT, find ready consumer acceptability. Products which give dispersions which change viscosity on storage are obviously undesirable.
• types II, III, IV and V give dispersions at 6% "active" with viscosities in the range 10 to 30 cp and are often formulated with other additives to increase their viscosity. Water hardness 300 ppm.
• Dispersions prepared from products of examples 1 and 2 are stable to extended storage.
• the weight of active material used was in the range 0.1 to 0.3% of the napkin weight.
• the napkins were then wrung out by hand and dried on a clothes line under the same conditions.
• Example 2 shows better rewettability properties than type I which has a similar softening ability.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (2)

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (18)

Citations (5)

• 1979
  • 1979-08-03 DE DE7979301558T patent/DE2966608D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1979-08-03 EP EP19790301558 patent/EP0038862B1/fr not_active Expired

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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