EP0038315A1 - Wobbling rotary-piston machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Within a fixed crank case (1), a working space (2) is delimited by an oblique surface fixed to the crank case (10) by a front surface (7) mounted on the rotor (4) and by the inner face of the crank case (23). The guiding surface (7) of the rotor (4) is contiguous to the oblique surface (10). Within the oblique surface (10) there is provided a slot (1) which extends on both sides on the wall of the crank case (23). In the groove (11) there is provided a wall (6) which bears against the guiding surface (7) and which is inclined for setting the rotor (4) in motion. The wall (6) divides the working field (2) into two chambers of which the volumes vary due to the motion of the rotor. Within the wall of the crank case (23) there are provided two openings (3) of which one of them is an inlet port into the first chamber and the other one is the exhaust port for the second chamber. For the flow of the working medium from one chamber into the other chamber, there is provided a connecting channel comprised for example of a port (13) provided into the wall (6). The port (13) is alternately closed with the opening (3) due to the pivoting motion of the wall (6), thereby alleviating the need for valves.

Description

The invention relates to a rotary piston machine with a housing, which has a working space through which a working medium flows, with a rotor arranged in the housing, on which a control surface lying at an angle to the rotor axis is formed, the working space being controlled by the control surface, by a control surface arranged opposite the control surface. rotationally symmetrical surface of the housing base plate, in particular by a conical surface, and is delimited by part of a cylindrical surface of the housing wall which is coaxial to the rotor axis, with a partition dividing the working space into two equal chambers with variable volumes and interacting with the rotor, on the oblique control surface of the rotor abuts, and, during the rotation of the rotor, is pivoted about an axis normal to the rotor axis in a concentric groove, which is embedded in the rotationally symmetrical surface of the base plate and the cylindrical surface of the housing wall, and per chamber with one opening for the working medium in the cylinder surface of the housing wall.

Characteristic of the known prior art

Such a rotary piston machine is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,438,331. An obliquely cut cylindrical rotor is rotatably mounted in a cylindrical housing, on the end face of which is perpendicular to the rotor axis, a drive shaft is formed which projects outwards through the cover plate of the housing. The second end surface, which is at an angle to the rotor axis, forms the control surface for the adjacent one, approximately half circular disc-forming partition, which is circumferentially supported in the grooves of the base plate and the housing wall.

Each of the two chambers of the working space formed by the partition is provided with an opening in the housing wall, each of which serves as an outlet opening from the respective chamber for the working medium and is closed by a one-way valve. The inflow of the working medium takes place through the rotor, which has an inlet opening in the control surface, which opens alternately into the two chambers of the working space due to the rotation of the rotor. When a chamber is enlarged by the rotor rotation, the working medium is sucked in by the rotor, since the one-way valve prevents backflow through the outlet opening. The simultaneous reduction in size of the second chamber causes the medium contained to be displaced through the second outlet opening, since the path into the rotor is blocked.

In this known embodiment, a one-way valve is required per chamber of the working space in order to ensure the flow of the working medium in only one direction, since two chambers which are completely separate from one another are formed.

Another known version, which avoids the use of valves, shows the _U S-PS 3,438,333. Here, the single-line components are interchanged in that the oblique control surface is formed on the base plate and the partition is mounted in a groove of the cylindrical rotor, which therefore rotates with the rotor. Two openings are let into the control surface fixed to the housing, one of which forms the inlet and the other the outlet opening. Here too, the working medium is sucked in when a chamber is enlarged. As soon as the largest chamber volume is reached, the displacement piston exceeds the on lassöffnung and releases the Aßöffrung through which the working medium is expelled from the now shrinking chamber during further rotation.

The center of gravity of the partition wall driven by the rotor constantly changes its position in relation to the rotor axis. The rotor is therefore always unbalanced and a mere static balancing is practically impossible. The constant imbalance adversely affects both the smooth running of the rotary piston machine and the service life. In addition, the part of the partition projecting into the work space is exposed to alternating pressure loads, which increase with the extent of the eccentric shift of the center of gravity of the partition; this increases the wear of the parts moving relative to one another and reduces the sealing along the contact lines with increasing operating time.

Object of the invention

The invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a rotary piston machine of the type mentioned, in which the partition is mounted in the housing-fixed base plate, in which the use of valves is unnecessary and the rotor can be balanced, so that their running and Operating properties can be influenced favorably.

State the nature of the invention

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that one of the two openings represents the inlet opening into the working space and the other represents the outlet opening from the working space, and that an overflow channel is provided between the two chambers of the working space, the rotating rotor alternately changing the inlet , the Outlet opening and the two openings of the overflow channel closed.

According to the solution according to the invention, in which both the inlet and outlet opening and the partition are and remain fixed to the housing, an overflow channel is thus provided between the two chambers, through which the working medium can overflow from the first chamber into the second chamber if the volume of the first chamber is reduced with a reciprocal increase in the volume of the second chamber. The tapered rotor alternately closes the inlet opening into the first chamber, the outlet opening from the second chamber and the opening of the overflow channel, so that the flow of the working medium through the rotary piston machine always from one chamber to the other inevitably only in one direction, depending on the one Direction of rotation of the rotor must be done without one-way or check valves are required.

The rotor, since it neither receives the inflow channel nor the dividing wall, consists exclusively of an obliquely cut cylinder which forms the control surface and which, at least statically, can be easily balanced. The partition therefore does not affect the running properties of the rotor.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that the overflow channel is formed by an opening in the partition wall cooperating with the rotor in its region protruding into the working space on the side opposite the openings.

The workflow of this embodiment of the rotary piston machine according to the invention is as follows: With the greatest ratio of the two chamber volumes, the line of contact between the partition and the control surface runs perpendicular to the rotor axis, and the pivoting angle of the partition is therefore O °. Both the inlet opening into the small chamber and the outlet opening from the large chamber - the difference in volume is caused by the slope of the control surface - are open, and the opening of the partition is still partially or slightly free, depending on the shape and arrangement. Rotation of the rotor enlarges the smaller chamber and the partition is pivoted. The opening is further reduced or is completed, since this area of the partition disappears in the groove of the base plate, and the working medium is sucked in. After rotating the rotor by 90 °, the largest pivoting angle of the partition is reached, its opening is closed, and both chambers have the same volume. A further rotation increases the volume of the smaller chamber in the initial position and working medium is still sucked in. In this case, the partition wall moves back, and the range with the opening occurs again from the groove in the base plate slightly or partially of, once the rotor is thus again rotated through 90 ⁰ Total 180 °. The volume of the chamber sucking in the working medium is then largest and the swivel angle of the displacement piston is again 0 ^0. The further rotation causes the opening to increase and the chamber to be made smaller, the working medium contained not being compressed or pushed back into the inflow line, but instead can pass through the passage opening into the second, enlarging chamber. Finally, the passage opening is completely cleared as the partition is pivoted to the other side, and the rotor closes the outlet opening. At an angle of rotation of 270 °, both chambers are again the same size, the partition has the largest swivel angle in the opposite direction and the inlet and outlet openings are closed. On further rotation, the medium continuously passes from the first chamber, which continues to decrease, into the enlarging chamber until the greatest volume ratio is reached, whereby the partition is pivoted back again. As soon as the angle of rotation of the rotor exceeds 360 °, the volume of the second, large chamber is reduced and the working medium is forced out through the outlet opening. The suction phase starts again in the first, small chamber.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the overflow channel is formed by an external line, the openings of which are each arranged diametrically opposite the openings in the cylindrical surface of the housing side wall.

The working medium passes from one chamber to the other in this version, not through an opening in the partition, but through the other openings in the housing wall via the external connecting line. These further openings are also alternately cleared by the rotor for the inlet and outlet openings. If necessary, a combination of an opening in the partition with the openings for the external connecting line is also conceivable.

The rotary piston machine according to the invention has the typical properties of a displacement piston machine, but with a suitable arrangement and cross-sectional design of all openings, the intermittent flow of the working medium can be dampened due to the displacement effect. This applies in particular to the cross-sectional shape and arrangement of the openings of the overflow channel, so that damping can also be achieved by a slight backflow between the chambers in certain positions of the rotor.

The arrangement of the openings for the inlet and outlet of the working medium, the opening in the partition or the further openings for the external connecting line, furthermore their cross-sectional dimensions and their Cross-sectional shape and the angle of the control surface of the rotor, which determines the pivoting angle of the partition, are also dependent on the type of working medium, its viscosity and the external operating conditions under which the rotary piston machine according to the invention is used. The angle between the inlet and outlet opening or between the two further openings can therefore be between 10 ° and 170. These openings can also be arranged symmetrically to the partition. For example, they are circular; for certain applications, however, it may be desirable to design them in a different cross-sectional shape in order to achieve an accelerated or delayed release of the full cross-sectional area by the rotor.

It can therefore be provided in a further embodiment of the invention that each of the openings in the housing wall is arranged in an insert part which is displaceable peripherally in the housing wall. It is also possible to provide interchangeable insert parts with different opening cross sections. In particular, however, the cross-sectional shape of the passage opening can also be designed according to the requirements.

The. Rotary piston machine according to the invention is therefore also suitable for conveying media which must be treated particularly gently. This includes, for example, beer, in which the pump must not release the C0 ₂ contained in the taste, wine, milk, blood, etc.

The invention will now be described in more detail below with reference to the figures in the accompanying drawings, without being limited thereto.

Description of the drawing figures

• Fig. 1 bis 3 schematische Darstellungen des Arbeitsraumes in drei verschiedenen Stellungen des Rotors und des Verdrängerkolbens;
• Fig. 4 einen Längsschnitt durch eine erste Ausführung;
• Fig. 5 einen Schnitt nach der Linie V - V der Fig. 4 ohne den zugehörigen Rotorteil;
• Fig. 6 einen Schnitt nach der Linie VI - VI der Fig. 4, wobei der Rotor um 180° verdreht ist;
• Fig. 7 vergrößert den Ausschnitt I der Fig. 6;
• Fig. 8 einen Längsschnitt.durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel;
• Fig. 9 einen Schnitt nach der Linie IX - IX der Fig. 8 ohne den zugehörigen Rotorteil;
• Fig. 10 einen Querschnitt durch den Seitenteil nach der Linie X - X der Fig. 5 in einer modifizierten Ausbildung und
• Fig. 11 einen Schnitt nach der Linie XI - XI der Fig. 10.

Show it:

• Figures 1 to 3 are schematic representations of the working space in three different positions of the rotor and the displacer.
• 4 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment;
• 5 shows a section along the line V - V of FIG. 4 without the associated rotor part;
• 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI of FIG. 4, the rotor being rotated through 180 °;
• FIG. 7 enlarges section I of FIG. 6;
• 8 shows a longitudinal section through a second embodiment;
• 9 shows a section along the line IX-IX of FIG. 8 without the associated rotor part;
• Fig. 10 shows a cross section through the side part along the line X - X of Fig. 5 in a modified embodiment and
• 11 shows a section along the line XI-XI of FIG. 10.

Description of preferred embodiments

1 to 3 schematically show essential features of the rotary piston machine. The work area 2 is inclined to the axis. A of the rotor lying, for the sake of clarity shown dashed control surface 7 with the axis B, by part of a coaxial to the rotor axis A cylindrical surface 8 and by an oblique control surface 7 opposite rotationally symmetrical surface 10, in the embodiment a conical surface, limited. The work space 2 is divided into two chambers 17, 18 by a partition 6. The partition 6 is designed as a semicircular, flat disc and is pivotably guided in a groove 11 which is embedded in the rotationally symmetrical surface 10. The partition 6 contacts the oblique control surface 7 along the line of contact 9, which lies both in an axial plane of the rotor axis A and in an axial plane of the axis B. The end face of the partition 6, in which the touch line 9 is rounded; in the embodiment shown a cylindrical surface, the remaining end face a spherical surface.

An opening 3 per chamber 17, 18 serves for the inlet and outlet of the working medium through the housing wall 23, an overflow channel in the form of an opening 13 being provided in the region of the partition 6, which is opposite the openings 3. When the rotor rotates, the openings 3 are opened or closed, as is the opening 13 in the partition 6 when it is pivoted. The rotary piston machine is therefore self-controlling and does not require any valves.

As mentioned, the partition 6 divides the working space 2 into two equally large chambers 17, 18, of which the chamber 17 becomes smaller and the chamber 18 becomes larger when the control surface 7 rotates in the direction of arrow E. The largest volume ratio is shown in Fig. 3 (rotation by 90). When the end face 7 rotates in the direction of the arrow E, the partition wall is pivoted about the axis C. The pivot axis C of the partition is normal to axis A, but with a changing angle to axis B.

The first embodiment shown in FIGS. 4-6 corresponds essentially to the schematic representation according to FIGS. 1 to 3. The housing 1 consists of the base plate 22 on which the rotationally symmetrical surface 10, in this embodiment a conical surface, is formed, which Housing wall 23, which forms the coaxial cylindrical surface 8, and an upper part 24, in which a drive shaft 5 connected to the rotor 4 is mounted in roller bearings 19. The individual parts of the housing 1 are penetrated by threaded bolts 25 and are clamped with nuts 20. Sealing rings 14 are provided in corresponding ring grooves between the housing parts. A groove 11 is formed in the base plate 22, which continues on both sides in the housing wall 23, in which it forms two sections 26. In the groove, the partition 6 is pivotally mounted and its pivot axis C lies, since this is provided as a semicircular disk, in the control surface 7. The control surface 7 of the rotor 4, which is designed as an obliquely cut cylinder and which by means of a circumferential sealing lip 21 opposite the Upper part 24 of the housing 1 is sealed, the rotationally symmetrical surface 10, which is designed as a conical surface, is in constant contact along its generatrix. The rotation of the rotor 4 and thus the control surface 7 about the axis A inevitably pivots the partition 6 about the axis C.

The openings 3 for the inlet and outlet of the working medium are provided in the housing wall 23 on both sides of the partition 6. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 5, the openings 3 and the feed channels 27, 28 are provided symmetrically to the groove 11 for the partition 6 and form an angle α with the plane of symmetry, which depends on the type and properties of the working medium and the desired operating conditions . The angle α is shown at 45 °. The cross-sectional shape of the openings 3 is, for example, circular, but can also be different.

4, the opening 3 behind the plane of the drawing is covered by the rotor 4. Since the partition 6 does not rotate about the rotor axis A and the transfer of the working medium from one chamber to the other must be possible, an opening 13 is provided as an overflow channel in the area 12 of the partition 6 projecting into the working space 2, which is triangular in cross section is trained. This cross-sectional shape can also vary. The area 12 with the opening 13 lies on the side of the partition 6 facing away from the openings 3, so that, as can be seen from FIG. 4, the openings 3 are closed by the rotor 4 when the opening 13 is completely free, and vice versa.

In FIG. 6, an offset to 90u longitudinal section through this embodiment, the rotor 4 is shown rotated 180 ^0th This clears the view of the openings 3 in the housing wall 23. The seal between the partition 6 and the control surface 7 is achieved according to FIG. 6 or after the enlarged representation of the detail I in FIG. 7 in that a sliding block 16 is inserted into the end face of the partition 6. For this purpose, the end face has a groove 15, in which a partially cylindrical extension of the slide shoe 16 is rotatably mounted. The edges of the groove 11 of the base plate are chamfered in order to create the necessary freedom of movement for the sliding shoe 16.

A second embodiment is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the same parts as in FIGS. 4-7 being designated. In this embodiment, however, the overflow channel is not formed by an opening in the partition 6, but the passage of the working medium from one chamber into the other is made possible by two further openings 30 in the housing wall 23, which are connected externally by a line 31. The openings 30 are each formed approximately diametrically to the openings 3 and are also alternately closed or released by the rotor 4.

gebracht werden. Der Einsatzteil 32 kann auch austauschbar ausgebildet sein. Die Bohrungen 34, die die Verbindung der Ausnehmung 33 mit dem Arbeitsraum herstellen, können, wie strichliert dargestellt, an einem in die Innenseite des Seitenteiles 23 einsetzbaren Fenster 36 ausgebildet sein, das gegen Fenster mit anderen Querschnittsformen der Bohrungen 34 austauschbar sein kann.As already mentioned, the angle .alpha. (FIG. 5) between the opening 3 and the axial plane in which the partition wall 6 is located depends in particular on the type and properties of the working medium. It may therefore be desirable for rotary piston machines that are used for different media to change the angle α. 10 and 11 show a section along the line X - X of FIG. 5 a solution for changing the angle. The opening 3 of the feed channel 27, 28 is provided in an insert part 32 which can be displaced peripherally in the housing wall 23 and can be provided with bores 34 on the inside of the housing wall 23 in

to be brought. The one set part 32 can also be designed to be interchangeable. The bores 34, which connect the recess 33 to the working space, can, as shown in dashed lines, be formed on a window 36 which can be inserted into the inside of the side part 23 and which can be exchanged for windows with other cross-sectional shapes of the bores 34.

The rotation of the rotor 4 can preferably be transmitted to the outside via the drive shaft 5. However, this can also be omitted and instead a contactless drive with magnetic force transmission between an external magnetic field and magnetizable components arranged in the rotor 4 can be provided.

Claims (5)

1. Rotary piston machine with a housing, which has a working space through which a working medium flows, with a rotor arranged in the housing, on which a control surface lying at an angle to the rotor axis is formed, the working space through the control surface, through a rotationally symmetrical surface arranged opposite the control surface the housing base plate, in particular by a conical surface, and is delimited by part of a cylindrical surface of the housing wall which is coaxial to the rotor axis, with a partition dividing the working space into two equal chambers with variable volumes and interacting with the rotor, which abuts the oblique control surface of the rotor, and, during the rotation of the rotor, is pivoted about an axis normal to the rotor axis in a groove concentric therewith, which is embedded in the rotationally symmetrical surface of the base plate and the cylindrical surface of the housing wall, and per chamber with an opening for the working medium in the cylindrical surface of the housing wall, characterized in that one of the two openings (3) represents the inlet opening into the working space (2) and the other the outlet opening from the working space (2), and that between the two chambers of the working space (2) Overflow channel is provided, wherein the rotating rotor (4) alternately closes the inlet, the outlet opening (3) and the two openings of the overflow channel. 2. Rotary piston machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the two openings (3) in the cylinder surface (8) of the housing wall (23) at an angle (α) of a maximum of 85 ° on either side of one of the two in the cylinder surface (8) recessed sections (26) of the groove (11) are arranged. 3. Rotary piston machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the overflow channel through an opening (13) in the cooperating with the rotor (4) cooperating partition (6) in its in the working space (2) on the side opposite the openings (3) Area (12) is formed. 4. Rotary piston machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the overflow channel is formed by an external line (31), the openings (30) of which the openings (3) are arranged diametrically opposite in the cylindrical surface (8) of the housing side wall (23) are. 5. Rotary piston machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each of the openings (3, 30) in the cylindrical surface (8) of the housing wall (23) is arranged in a peripherally displaceable insert part (32) in the housing wall (23) .

Images