EP0038043A1 - Signal generator for obtaining an acoustic signal - Google Patents

Signal generator for obtaining an acoustic signal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0038043A1
EP0038043A1 EP81102766A EP81102766A EP0038043A1 EP 0038043 A1 EP0038043 A1 EP 0038043A1 EP 81102766 A EP81102766 A EP 81102766A EP 81102766 A EP81102766 A EP 81102766A EP 0038043 A1 EP0038043 A1 EP 0038043A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
assignment
signal generator
generator according
feedback
piezoceramic
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EP81102766A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0038043B1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Koslar
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • H04R17/10—Resonant transducers, i.e. adapted to produce maximum output at a predetermined frequency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a signal generator for generating an acoustic signal, comprising a piezoelectric ceramic disk which is used as an electromechanical transducer and is provided with metal coatings and has a unimodal or bimorph oscillating vibration, the main coating of which covers one of its two large sides practically over the entire surface with the output of an active component (transistor ), whose counter-assignment, which only covers part of the other large-area side, is connected to a potential reference point and whose feedback assignment, which covers the other part of this side while leaving an insulation distance, are connected to the input (base) of the active component (transistor), so that this circuit acts as a feedback amplifier (emitter follower).
  • a signal generator for generating an acoustic signal comprising a piezoelectric ceramic disk which is used as an electromechanical transducer and is provided with metal coatings and has a unimodal or bimorph oscillating vibration, the main coating of which covers one of its two large sides practically over the entire surface with the output of
  • Unimorphic or bimorphic piezoelectric transducers are known from the catalogs BFE 78-004 A with the title: "TDK unimorph type transducer for electronic buzzer” and BFE 87 -006 A (7/1978) with the title: “TDK piezoelectric buzzers”.
  • the piezoelectric element is attached to a metal plate, which also acts as the main assignment.
  • the piezoelectric element in these known transducers consists of piezoceramic material and is circular disk-shaped. The assignment is also plotted as a circular area on this disc.
  • bimorph transducers whose piezoelectric element consists of two interconnected ones Piezoelectric, ceramic disks exist, in which the assignment on one side covers the entire area of the circular disk (main assignment), while on the other side there are two assignments separated by an insulating section, one of which serves as counter assignment and the other as feedback assignment.
  • the feedback assignment is connected to the base of a transistor, while the main assignment is connected to the output of this transistor and the counter assignment, which covers only part of the end face of the piezoceramic disk, is connected to a potential reference point.
  • the arrangement of the assignments in the known transducers means that, for example, unimorph transducers must have a diameter of approximately 35 mm in order to produce a perceptible sound in the range of audible vibrations (approx. 3.0 kHz) together with a Helmholtz resonator arranged above the piezoelectric bending vibrator surrender.
  • Bimorphic piezoelectric transducers of the known type still have a diameter between 16.5 mm and 30 mm in order to give an audio frequency of approximately 3.0 kHz.
  • transducer elements are too large to use these transducer elements as signal generators for generating an acoustic signal if, for example, this signal generator is to be used in a device for measuring or determining a voltage consisting of two handles, as described, for example, in GB-PS1 1,562 578 (VPA 77 P 8011) is described.
  • an acoustic 'display means' is also to be used, for those cases in which, for example, the light-emitting diodes are not visible due to bright sunlight and the test person is nevertheless to receive a warning signal.
  • US Pat. No. 2,635,199 describes a piezoelectric crystal device in which electrodes are attached to both sides of a piezoelectric crystal plate made of quartz, which is generally single crystal.
  • the quartz crystal plate can be circular or rectangular.
  • the electrodes are applied to the entire surface on one side of such a quartz single crystal wafer and on the other side the entire surface is divided into two electrodes. An inner part of this counterelectrode is occupied on the same side by a surface part of another electrode that extends around it.
  • Such piezoelectric crystal devices are used to be used in the MHz range.
  • the arrangement of the electrodes serves the. To suppress interference from undesired types of vibration.
  • the present invention is not suggested by this known device because the types of oscillation of a quartz single crystal in the MHz range are different than the types of oscillation in the kHz range for a piezoceramic body, that is to say a polycrystalline body.
  • the latter are bending vibrations, but not any kind of thickness shear vibrations or longitudinal vibrations of the piezoelectric quartz body.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a signal generator for generating an acoustic signal, the electromechanical converter from one Piezoceramic disk exists, the dimensions being as small as possible, even in the clearly audible audio frequency range of the order of about 3 kHz; this converter is to be used in a circuit as a feedback amplifier.
  • the signal transmitter of the type specified at the outset is characterized in that the piezoceramic disk is rectangular in shape, that the counter-assignment, with the exception of a free area provided in its center, covers the large opposite side to the main assignment of the piezoceramic disk, that the feedback assignment is arranged in the free area and that the piezoceramic disk is elastically fastened transversely to its longitudinal extent in the axes of the so-called vibration knot for non-lockable vibration-capable mounting.
  • the free area and feedback assignment are preferably rectangular in shape with rounded narrow sides, circular or elliptical.
  • the open area can also protrude from the narrow side of the rectangular piezoceramic disk into the counter-assignment in strips and contain the feedback assignment in it.
  • the piezoceramic disk is preferably elastically fastened by means of rubber rings, which snap around the piezoceramic disk in notches arranged on the longitudinal edges.
  • the rectangular piezoceramic disk is advantageously fastened to a metal plate that exceeds its dimensions, the elastic fastening being carried out on this metal plate (unimorph element).
  • the rubber rings contain in the places that with the Be Layings come into contact, preferably electrically conductive segments and thus result in the current supply to the assignments acting as electrodes.
  • the ceramic disc is advantageously held in such a way that the rubber rings are mounted in V-shaped guide rails.
  • V-shaped guide rails advantageously also serve as a power supply to the conductive segments of the rubber rings.
  • the present invention surprisingly achieves that the dimensions of the rectangular ceramic disk are of the order L ⁇ W ⁇ D of about 20mm ⁇ 7mm ⁇ 0.4mm, whereby an acoustic signal with a frequency of about 3 kHz is generated. It is known that it is favorable to amplify the volume of a source generating an audio frequency (here the flexural oscillator) with a Helmholtz resonator which is tuned to the generated audio frequency.
  • Fig. 1 denotes the bimorph transducer consisting of two rectangular piezoceramic disks.
  • the lower ceramic disk is provided with the main covering 9 practically over the entire surface.
  • the counter assignment 2 extends over the entire side of the bimorph converter 1 opposite the main assignment 9.
  • the feedback assignment 4 is arranged within the free space 3 while leaving a distance which serves for isolation.
  • the piezoceramic disk 1 is on a metal plate 8 which exceeds its dimensions and which, e.g. is made of brass and is well sprung.
  • the metal plate 8 serves as the main assignment.
  • the counter assignment 2 is provided with a free area 3 on the entire large area of the ceramic disk 1.
  • the feedback assignment 4 is plotted inside the free area.
  • the free area within the counter-assignment 2 is circular, as is the feedback assignment 4 arranged therein.
  • Such a rectangular ceramic disk can be stored along its narrow sides because the geometric dimensions are chosen such that the vibration nodes 5 run along the narrow sides.
  • the free area 3 is elliptical within the counter assignment 2, as is the feedback assignment 4 arranged therein.
  • the free surface 3 projects approximately from a narrow side 10 of the rectangular piezoceramic disk 1 the middle of the surface into the counter assignment 2.
  • the feedback assignment 4 is arranged within this free area.
  • Fig. 5 there are notches 7 on the long sides.
  • the ceramic disc 1 is shown, which are attached according to the selected geometric arrangements so that the vibration nodes 5 of the piezoceramic disc 1 are detected.
  • the distances a from the two narrow sides of the rectangular ceramic disk 1 to the vibration nodes 5 each amount to about a quarter of the entire length of this disk, while the distance b between the vibration nodes 5 makes up about 0.5 to 0.55 the length of the piezoceramic disk.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show how the piezoceramic disk 1 can advantageously be held along its vibration node planes (see FIG. 5).
  • the contacts can be made by means of wires, as indicated in FIG. 8 by the power supply wires 21 and 22.
  • the rubber rings 6 can also be equipped with conductive segments 11 and 12. Rubber rings with parts made conductive are known per se and are commercially available. The conductivity is determined by storing e.g. Metal particles causes.
  • the rubber rings lie in V-shaped guide rails 13 which, by extending them from the piezoceramic disc 1, form the required Helmholtz resonator above the bending vibrator.
  • the guide rails 13 may also serve at the same time as current leads to the conductive segments 11 and 12 of the rubber rings 6.
  • the guide rails 13 are provided with pins 15 and 16 which are connected to the conductor tracks of the printed circuit board are soldered (not shown in detail here).
  • FIG. Die.Piezokeramikin 1 which is attached to a metal plate 8 acting as the main electrode and is provided on the opposite side with the counter electrode 2 and the feedback electrode 4, is on the metal plate 8 in resilient, rail-shaped guides 17 and 18, for example made of silicone Rubber, held.
  • the power supply to the metal plate 8 and thus to the ceramic disk 1 is: a power supply wire 23.
  • the guides 17 and 18 are held by blocks 19 and 20 which, for example. consist of insulating material and can be part of the housing. This type of mounting of the plate is useful if the vibration node coincides with the edge area of the metal plate 8, as shown in FIG. 3. Blocks 19 and 20 together form the required Helmholtz resonator.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

Device for generating acoustic signals using as an electromechanical transducer element a piezoelectric quadrangular ceramic plate (1) which is covered on the face opposite to the main layer (9) with a layer having on its center an opening (3) provided for the reactive coupling layer (4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Signalgeber zur Erzeugung eines akustischen Signals, enthaltend eine als elektromechanischer Wandler dienende, mit Metallbelegungen versehene uni- oder bimorphe schwingfähig gelagerte Piezokeramikscheibe, deren Hauptbelegung, die eine ihrer beiden großflächigen Seiten praktisch ganzflächig bedeckt, mit dem Ausgang eines aktiven Bauelements (Transistors), deren Gegenbelegung, die nur einen Teil der anderen großflächigen Seite bedeckt, mit einem Potentialbezugspunkt und deren Rückkopplungsbelegung, die den anderen Teil dieser Seite unter Freilassen eines Isolationsabstandes bedeckt, mit dem Eingang (Basis) des aktiven Bauelements (Transistors) verbunden sind, so daß diese Schaltung als rückgekoppelter Verstärker (Emitterfolger) wirkt.The invention relates to a signal generator for generating an acoustic signal, comprising a piezoelectric ceramic disk which is used as an electromechanical transducer and is provided with metal coatings and has a unimodal or bimorph oscillating vibration, the main coating of which covers one of its two large sides practically over the entire surface with the output of an active component (transistor ), whose counter-assignment, which only covers part of the other large-area side, is connected to a potential reference point and whose feedback assignment, which covers the other part of this side while leaving an insulation distance, are connected to the input (base) of the active component (transistor), so that this circuit acts as a feedback amplifier (emitter follower).

Unimorphe bzw. bimorphe piezoelektrische Wandler sind aus den Katalogen BFE 78-004 A mit dem Titel: "TDK unimorph type transducer for electronic buzzer" und BFE 87 -006 A (7/1978) mit dem Titel: "TDK piezoelectric buzzers" bekannt.Unimorphic or bimorphic piezoelectric transducers are known from the catalogs BFE 78-004 A with the title: "TDK unimorph type transducer for electronic buzzer" and BFE 87 -006 A (7/1978) with the title: "TDK piezoelectric buzzers".

Bei einem unimorphen Wandler ist das piezoelektrische Element auf einer Metallplatte befestigt, die auch als Hauptbelegung wirkt. Das piezoelektrisde Element bei diesen bekannten Wandlern besteht aus piezokeramischem Material und ist kreisscheibenförmig. Die Belegung ist ebenfalls als kreisförmige Fläche auf dieser Scheibe aufgetragen.In a unimorph transducer, the piezoelectric element is attached to a metal plate, which also acts as the main assignment. The piezoelectric element in these known transducers consists of piezoceramic material and is circular disk-shaped. The assignment is also plotted as a circular area on this disc.

Entsprechendes gilt für bimorphe Wandler, deren piezoelektrisches Element jedoch aus zwei miteinander verbundenen piezoelektrischen,Keramikscheiben besteht, bei denen die Belegung auf der einen Seite die gesamte Fläche der Kreisscheibe bedeckt (Hauptbelegung), während auf der anderen Seite zwei voneinander durch eine Isolierstrecke getrennte Belegungen vorhanden sind, von denen eine als Gegenbelegung und die andere als Rückkopplungsbelegung dienen.The same applies to bimorph transducers, whose piezoelectric element consists of two interconnected ones Piezoelectric, ceramic disks exist, in which the assignment on one side covers the entire area of the circular disk (main assignment), while on the other side there are two assignments separated by an insulating section, one of which serves as counter assignment and the other as feedback assignment.

Die Rückkopplungsbelegung ist mit der Basis eines Transistors verbunden, während die Hauptbelegung mit dem Ausgang dieses Transistors und die Gegenbelegung, die nur einen Teil der Stirnseite der Piezokeramikscheibe bedeckt, mit einem Potentialbezugspunkt verbunden ist.The feedback assignment is connected to the base of a transistor, while the main assignment is connected to the output of this transistor and the counter assignment, which covers only part of the end face of the piezoceramic disk, is connected to a potential reference point.

Die Schaltung mit einem solchen Signalgeber als rückgekoppelter Verstärker (Emitterfolger) ist aus den oben genannten Schriften ebenfalls bekannt.The circuit with such a signal generator as a feedback amplifier (emitter follower) is also known from the abovementioned documents.

Die Anordnung der Belegungen bei den bekannten Wandlern führt dazu, daß beispielsweise unimorphe Wandler einen Durchmesser von etwa 35mm aufweisen müssen, um im Bereich hörbarer Schwingungen (ca.3,0 kHz) einen gutwahrnehmbaren Ton zusammen mit einem oberhalb des piezoelektrischen Biegeschwingers angeordneten Helmholtzschen Resonators zu ergeben. ,The arrangement of the assignments in the known transducers means that, for example, unimorph transducers must have a diameter of approximately 35 mm in order to produce a perceptible sound in the range of audible vibrations (approx. 3.0 kHz) together with a Helmholtz resonator arranged above the piezoelectric bending vibrator surrender. ,

Bimorphe piezoelektrische Wandler der bekannten Art weisen immerhin noch einen Durchmesser zwischen 16,5mm bis 30mm auf, um dabei eine Tonfrequenz von etwa 3,0 kHz zu ergeben.Bimorphic piezoelectric transducers of the known type still have a diameter between 16.5 mm and 30 mm in order to give an audio frequency of approximately 3.0 kHz.

Diese Abmessungen sind zu groß, um diese Wandlerelemente als Signalgeber zur Erzeugung eines akustischen Signals zu verwenden, wenn dieser Signalgeber beispielsweise in einer aus zwei Griffen bestehenden Vorrichtung zum Messen oder Bestimmen einer Spannung verwendet werden soll, wie sie beispielsweise in der GB-PS1 1 562 578 (VPA 77 P 8011) beschrieben ist.These dimensions are too large to use these transducer elements as signal generators for generating an acoustic signal if, for example, this signal generator is to be used in a device for measuring or determining a voltage consisting of two handles, as described, for example, in GB-PS1 1,562 578 (VPA 77 P 8011) is described.

Bei solchen Spannungsprüfgeräten soll neben einer optischen Anzeige durch Leuchtdioden auch ein akustisches 'Anzeigemittel' verwendet werden, und zwar für die Fälle, wenn beispielsweise durch helle Sonneneinstrahlung das Aufleuchten der Leuchtdioden nicht sichtbar ist und die Prüfperson dennoch ein Warnsignal erhalten soll.In the case of such voltage testers, in addition to an optical display by means of light-emitting diodes, an acoustic 'display means' is also to be used, for those cases in which, for example, the light-emitting diodes are not visible due to bright sunlight and the test person is nevertheless to receive a warning signal.

In der US-PS 2,635,199 ist eine piezoelektrische Kristallvorrichtung beschrieben, bei der auf einer piezoelektrischen Kristallplatte aus Quarz, die in aller Regel einkristallin ist, auf beiden Seiten Elektroden angebracht sind Die Quarzkristallplatte kann dabei kreisförmig oder rechteckig sein. Die Elektroden sind auf einer Seite einer solchen Quarz-Einkristallscheibe die gesamte Fläche bedeckend und auf der anderen Seite die gesamte Fläche in zwei Elektroden aufteilend aufgetragen. Dabei ist ein innerer Teil dieser Gegenelektrode auf der gleichen Seite von einem um ihn herum reichenden Flächenteil einer anderen Elektrode belegt. Derartige piezoelektrische Kristall-Einrichtungen werden benutzt, um im MHz-Bereich verwendet zu werden. Die Anordnung der Elektroden dient dazu, die . Interferenz von ungewünschten Schwingungsarten zu unterdrücken. Die vorliegende Erfindung wird durch diese bekannte Einrichtung nicht nahegelegt, weil die Schwingungsarten eines Quarz-Einkristalls im MHz-Bereich anders sind als die Schwingungsarten im kHz-Bereich bei einem piezokeramischen Körper, also einem polykristallinen Körper. Bei letzterem handelt es sich um Biegeschwingungen, nicht aber um irgendwelche Arten von Dickenscherungsschwingungen oder longitudinalen Schwingungen des piezoelektrischen Quarzkörpers.US Pat. No. 2,635,199 describes a piezoelectric crystal device in which electrodes are attached to both sides of a piezoelectric crystal plate made of quartz, which is generally single crystal. The quartz crystal plate can be circular or rectangular. The electrodes are applied to the entire surface on one side of such a quartz single crystal wafer and on the other side the entire surface is divided into two electrodes. An inner part of this counterelectrode is occupied on the same side by a surface part of another electrode that extends around it. Such piezoelectric crystal devices are used to be used in the MHz range. The arrangement of the electrodes serves the. To suppress interference from undesired types of vibration. The present invention is not suggested by this known device because the types of oscillation of a quartz single crystal in the MHz range are different than the types of oscillation in the kHz range for a piezoceramic body, that is to say a polycrystalline body. The latter are bending vibrations, but not any kind of thickness shear vibrations or longitudinal vibrations of the piezoelectric quartz body.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Signalgeber zur Erzeugung eines akustischen Signals anzugeben, dessen elektromechanischer Wandler aus einer Piezokeramikscheibe besteht, wobei die Abmessungen auch im gut hörbaren Tonfrequenzbereich in der Größenordnung von etwa 3 kHz so klein wie möglich sind; dieser Wandler soll in einer Schaltung als rückgekoppelter Verstärker verwendet werden.The present invention has for its object to provide a signal generator for generating an acoustic signal, the electromechanical converter from one Piezoceramic disk exists, the dimensions being as small as possible, even in the clearly audible audio frequency range of the order of about 3 kHz; this converter is to be used in a circuit as a feedback amplifier.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist der Signalgeber der eingangs angegebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Piezokeramikscheibe rechteckförmig ausgestaltet ist, daß die Gegenbelegung mit Ausnahme einer in ihrer Mitte vorgesehenen Freifläche die großflächige Gegenseite zur Hauptbelegung der Piezokeramikscheibe bedeckt, daßin der Freifläche die Rückkopplungsbelegung angeordnet ist und daß die Piezokeramikscheibe zur unverrüokbaren schwjngungsfähigen Lagerung quer zu ihrer Längsausdehnung in den Achsen der Sohwingungsknoten elastisch befestigt ist.To achieve this object, the signal transmitter of the type specified at the outset is characterized in that the piezoceramic disk is rectangular in shape, that the counter-assignment, with the exception of a free area provided in its center, covers the large opposite side to the main assignment of the piezoceramic disk, that the feedback assignment is arranged in the free area and that the piezoceramic disk is elastically fastened transversely to its longitudinal extent in the axes of the so-called vibration knot for non-lockable vibration-capable mounting.

Vorzugsweise sind Freifläche und Rückkopplungsbelegung rechteckförmig mit abgerundeten schmalen Seiten, kreisrund oder elliptisch ausgebildet.The free area and feedback assignment are preferably rectangular in shape with rounded narrow sides, circular or elliptical.

Die Freifläche kann auch von einer Schmalseite der rechteckförmigen Piezokeramikscheibe in die Gegenbelegung streifenförmig hineinragen und in ihr die Rückkopplungsbelegung enthalten.The open area can also protrude from the narrow side of the rectangular piezoceramic disk into the counter-assignment in strips and contain the feedback assignment in it.

Die elastische Befestigung der Piezokeramikscheibe erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Gummiringe, die in an den Längskanten angeordneten Kerben rastend die Piezokeramikscheibe umschlingen.The piezoceramic disk is preferably elastically fastened by means of rubber rings, which snap around the piezoceramic disk in notches arranged on the longitudinal edges.

Die rechteckförmige Piezokeramikscheibe ist mit Vorteil auf einer ihre Abmessungen überschreitenden Metallplatte befestigt, wobei die elastische Befestigung an dieser Metallplatte erfolgt (unimorphes Element).The rectangular piezoceramic disk is advantageously fastened to a metal plate that exceeds its dimensions, the elastic fastening being carried out on this metal plate (unimorph element).

Die Gummiringe enthalten an den Stellen, die mit den Belegungen in Berührung kommen, vorzugsweise elektrisch leitfähige Segmente und ergeben damit die Stromzuführung zu den als Elektroden wirkenden Belegungen.The rubber rings contain in the places that with the Be Layings come into contact, preferably electrically conductive segments and thus result in the current supply to the assignments acting as electrodes.

Die Keramikscheibe wird mit Vorteil in der Weise gehalten, daß die Gummiringe in V-förmigen Führungsschienen gelagert sind.The ceramic disc is advantageously held in such a way that the rubber rings are mounted in V-shaped guide rails.

Diese V-förmigen Führungsschienen dienen vorteilh&fterweise auch als Stromzuführung zu den leitenden Segmenten der Gummiringe.These V-shaped guide rails advantageously also serve as a power supply to the conductive segments of the rubber rings.

Durch die vorliegende Erfindung wird in überraschender Weise erreicht, daß die Abmessungen der rechteckförmigen Keramikscheibe in der Größenordnung L·B·D von etwa 20mm·7mm·0,4mm liegen, wobei dennoch ein auch bei Nebengeräuschen gut hörbares akustisches Signal mit einer Frequenz von etwa 3 kHz erzeugt wird. Es ist bekannt, daß es günstig ist, eine Tonfrequenz erzeugende Quelle (hier der Biegeschwinger) mit einem Helmholtz-Resonator, der auf die erzeugte Tonfrequenz abgestimmt.ist, in ihrer Lautstärke erheblich zu verstärken.The present invention surprisingly achieves that the dimensions of the rectangular ceramic disk are of the order L · W · D of about 20mm · 7mm · 0.4mm, whereby an acoustic signal with a frequency of about 3 kHz is generated. It is known that it is favorable to amplify the volume of a source generating an audio frequency (here the flexural oscillator) with a Helmholtz resonator which is tuned to the generated audio frequency.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 einen bimorphen piezoelektrischen Wandler;
  • Fig. 2 einen unimorphen Wandler;
  • Fig. 3 in Draufsicht einen rechteckförmigen Wandler, wobei die Schwingungsknoten gezeigt sind;
  • Fig. 4 einen rechteckförmigen Wandler mit anders geformter Freifläche;
  • Fig. 5 einen rechteckförmigen Wandler mit einer weiteren anderen Ausgestaltung der Freifläche;
  • Fig. 6 die Befestigung des erfindungsgemäßen Wandlers;
  • Fig. 7 die Befestigung des erfindungsgemäßen_Wandlers gemäß Schnitt VII-VII in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 eine andere Ausführungsform der Befestigung des rechteckförmigen Wandlers.
The invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it
  • Figure 1 shows a bimorph piezoelectric transducer.
  • Figure 2 shows a unimorph converter.
  • 3 shows a plan view of a rectangular transducer, the vibration nodes being shown;
  • 4 shows a rectangular converter with a differently shaped free area;
  • 5 shows a rectangular converter with a further different configuration of the free area;
  • 6 shows the attachment of the transducer according to the invention;
  • 7 shows the fastening of the transducer according to the invention in section VII-VII in FIG. 6;
  • Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of the attachment of the rectangular converter.

In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 der aus zwei rechteckförmigen Piezokeramikscheiben bestehende bimorphe Wandler bezeichnet. Zur Zeichenebene hin ist die untere Keramikscheibe praktisch ganzflächig mit der Hauptbelegung 9 versehen. Die Gegenbelegung 2 erstreckt sich mit Ausnahme der Freifläche 3 auf der gesamten, der Hauptbelegung 9 gegenüberliegenden Seite des bimorphen Wandlers 1. Innerhalb des Freiraumes 3 ist - unter Freilassung eines der Isolation dienenden Abstandes - die Rückkopplungsbelegung 4 angeordnet.In Fig. 1, 1 denotes the bimorph transducer consisting of two rectangular piezoceramic disks. Towards the drawing level, the lower ceramic disk is provided with the main covering 9 practically over the entire surface. With the exception of the free area 3, the counter assignment 2 extends over the entire side of the bimorph converter 1 opposite the main assignment 9. The feedback assignment 4 is arranged within the free space 3 while leaving a distance which serves for isolation.

Gemäß Fig. 2 ist die Piezokeramikscheibe 1 auf einer sie in ihren Abmessungen überragenden Metallplatte 8, die z.B. aus Messing besteht und gut federnd ist, befestigt. Die Metallplatte 8 dient als Hauptbelegung. Auch hier ist die Gegenbelegung 2 mit einer Freifläche 3 auf der gesamten großen Fläche der Keramikscheibe 1 angebracht. Innerhalb der Freifläche ist die Rückkopplungsbelegung 4 aufgetragen.According to FIG. 2, the piezoceramic disk 1 is on a metal plate 8 which exceeds its dimensions and which, e.g. is made of brass and is well sprung. The metal plate 8 serves as the main assignment. Here too, the counter assignment 2 is provided with a free area 3 on the entire large area of the ceramic disk 1. The feedback assignment 4 is plotted inside the free area.

Gemäß Fig. 3 ist die Freifläche innerhalb der Gegenbelegung 2 kreisförmig, ebenso wie die darin angeordnete Rückkopplungsbelegung 4. Die Lagerung einer solchen rechteckigen Keramikscheibe kann längs ihrer Schmalseiten erfolgen, weil die geometrischen Abmessungen so gewählt sind, daß die Schwingungsknoten 5 längs den Schmalseiten verlaufen.According to FIG. 3, the free area within the counter-assignment 2 is circular, as is the feedback assignment 4 arranged therein. Such a rectangular ceramic disk can be stored along its narrow sides because the geometric dimensions are chosen such that the vibration nodes 5 run along the narrow sides.

Gemäß Fig. 4 ist die Freifläche 3 innerhalb der Gegenbelegung 2 elliptisch, ebenso wie die darin angeordnete Rückkopplungsbelegung 4.According to FIG. 4, the free area 3 is elliptical within the counter assignment 2, as is the feedback assignment 4 arranged therein.

Gemäß Fig. 5 ragt die Freifläche 3 von einer Schmalseite 10 der rechteckförmigen Piezokeramikscheibe 1 etwa in der Mitte der Fläche in die Gegenbelegung 2 hinein. Innerhalb dieser Freifläche ist die Rückkopplungsbelegung 4 angeordnet. In Fig. 5 sind Kerben 7 an den langen Seiten. der Keramikscheibe 1 gezeigt, die entsprechend der gewählten geometrischen Anordnungen so angebracht sind, daß die Schwingungsknoten 5 der Piezokeramikscheibe 1 erfaßt sind. Die Abstände a von den beiden Schmalseiten der rechteckförmigen Keramikscheibe 1 bis zu den Schwingungsknoten 5 betragen etwa je bis ein Viertel der gesamten Länge dieser Scheibe, während der Abstand b zwischen den Schwingungsknoten 5 etwa 0,5 bis 0,55 der Länge der Piezokeramikscheibe ausmacht.5, the free surface 3 projects approximately from a narrow side 10 of the rectangular piezoceramic disk 1 the middle of the surface into the counter assignment 2. The feedback assignment 4 is arranged within this free area. In Fig. 5 there are notches 7 on the long sides. the ceramic disc 1 is shown, which are attached according to the selected geometric arrangements so that the vibration nodes 5 of the piezoceramic disc 1 are detected. The distances a from the two narrow sides of the rectangular ceramic disk 1 to the vibration nodes 5 each amount to about a quarter of the entire length of this disk, while the distance b between the vibration nodes 5 makes up about 0.5 to 0.55 the length of the piezoceramic disk.

In den Figuren 6 und 7 ist gezeigt, wie die Piezokeramikscheibe 1 längs ihrer Schwingungsknotenebenen (vgl.Fig.5) vorteilhafterweise gehalten werden kann.FIGS. 6 and 7 show how the piezoceramic disk 1 can advantageously be held along its vibration node planes (see FIG. 5).

Um die Keramikscheibe 1 herum und in die Kerben,7 (Fig.5) eingelegt sind Gummiringe 6 vorhanden. Die Kontaktierung der Belegungen kann mittels Drähten erfolgen, wie in Fig.8 durch die Stromzuführungsdrahte 21 und 22 angedeutet. Zur Kontaktierung mit den Belegungen 4 und 9 können die Gummiringe 6 aber auch mit leitfähigen Segmenten 11 und 12 ausgestattet sein. Gummiringe mit leitfähig gemachten Teilen sind an sich bekannt und im Handel erhältlich. Die Leitfähigkeit wird durch Einlagerung von z.B. Metallpartikeln bewirkt. Die Gummiringe liegen in V-förmigen Führungsschienen 13, die durch ihre Verlängerung von der Piezokeramikscheibe 1 weg den erforderlichen Helmholtz-Resonator oberhalb des Biegeschwingers bilden. Die Führungssohienen 13 dienen ggf. gleichzeitig auch als Stromzuführungen zu den leitenden Segmenten 11 und 12 der Gummiringe 6. Für ihre Verbindung und mechanische Halterung an einer gedruckten Schaltungsplatte 14 sind die Führungsschienen 13 mit Zapfen 15 und 16 versehen, die mit den Leiterbahnen der gedruckten Sohaltung verlötet sind (hier nicht im einzelnen gezeigt).There are rubber rings 6 around the ceramic disc 1 and in the notches 7 (FIG. 5). The contacts can be made by means of wires, as indicated in FIG. 8 by the power supply wires 21 and 22. For contacting the assignments 4 and 9, the rubber rings 6 can also be equipped with conductive segments 11 and 12. Rubber rings with parts made conductive are known per se and are commercially available. The conductivity is determined by storing e.g. Metal particles causes. The rubber rings lie in V-shaped guide rails 13 which, by extending them from the piezoceramic disc 1, form the required Helmholtz resonator above the bending vibrator. The guide rails 13 may also serve at the same time as current leads to the conductive segments 11 and 12 of the rubber rings 6. For their connection and mechanical mounting on a printed circuit board 14, the guide rails 13 are provided with pins 15 and 16 which are connected to the conductor tracks of the printed circuit board are soldered (not shown in detail here).

In Fig. 8 ist eine andere Art der Halterung des Piezoschwingers gezeigt. Die.Piezokeramikscheibe 1, die auf einer als Hauptelektrode wirkenden Metallplatte 8 befestigt ist und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite mit der Gegenelektrode 2 und der Rückkopplungselektrode 4 versehen ist, ist über die Metallplatte 8 in federnden, schienenförmigen Führungen 17 und 18, die beispielsweise aus Silikon-Gummi bestehen, gehalten. Als Stromzuführung zur Metallplatte 8 und damit zur Keramikscheibe 1 dient: ein Stromzuführungsdraht 23. Die Führungen 17 und 18 werden von Blöcken 19 und 20 gehalten, die z..B. aus Isoliermaterial bestehen und ein Teil des Gehäuses sein können. Diese Art der Halterung der Platte ist sinnvoll, wenn der Schwingungsknoten mit dem Randbereich der Metallplatte 8 zusammenfällt, wie dies in Fig. 3 gezeigt ist. Die Blöcke 19 und 20 bilden zusammen den erforderlichen Helmholtzschen Resonator.Another type of mounting of the piezo oscillator is shown in FIG. Die.Piezokeramikscheibe 1, which is attached to a metal plate 8 acting as the main electrode and is provided on the opposite side with the counter electrode 2 and the feedback electrode 4, is on the metal plate 8 in resilient, rail-shaped guides 17 and 18, for example made of silicone Rubber, held. The power supply to the metal plate 8 and thus to the ceramic disk 1 is: a power supply wire 23. The guides 17 and 18 are held by blocks 19 and 20 which, for example. consist of insulating material and can be part of the housing. This type of mounting of the plate is useful if the vibration node coincides with the edge area of the metal plate 8, as shown in FIG. 3. Blocks 19 and 20 together form the required Helmholtz resonator.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

  • 1 Piezokeramikscheibe1 piezoceramic disc
  • 2 Gegenbelegung2 counter-allocation
  • 3 Freifläche in der Gegenbelegung3 open spaces in the counter occupancy
  • 4 Rückkopplungsbelegung4 feedback assignment
  • 5 (Achsen der) Schwingungsknoten5 (axes of) vibration nodes
  • 6 Gummiringe6 rubber rings
  • 7 Kerben zur Aufnahme der Gummiringe7 notches for the rubber rings
  • 8 Metallplatte8 metal plate
  • 9 Hauptbelegung9 main occupancy
  • 10 Schmalseite der Piezokeramikscheibe10 Narrow side of the piezoceramic disc
  • 11 Leitfähige Segmente der Gummiringe 6 für Kontakt mit Hauptbelegung 911 Conductive segments of the rubber rings 6 for contact with the main assignment 9
  • 12 Leitfähige Segmente der Gummiringe 6 für Kontakt mit Rückkopplungsbelegung 412 conductive segments of rubber rings 6 for contact with feedback assignment 4
  • 13 V-förmige Führungsschienen13 V-shaped guide rails
  • 14 Gedruckte Schaltung14 Printed circuit
  • 15 gedruckter Schaltung 16 apfen für Verbindung mit gedruckter Schaltung15 printed circuit 16 caps for connection to printed circuit
  • 17 18 Führungen17 18 guided tours
  • 19 20 Halteblöcke19 20 holding blocks
  • 21 22 Stromzuführungsdrähte 2321 22 power supply wires 23

Claims (10)

1. Signalgeber zur Erzeugung eines akustischen Signals, enthaltend eine als elektromechanischer Wandler dienende, mit Metallbelegungen versehene uni- oder bimorphe schwing fähig gelagerte Piezokeramikscheibe, deren Hauptbelegung, die eine ihrer beiden großflächigen Seiten praktisch ganzflächig bedeckt, mit dem Ausgang eines aktiven Bauelements (Transistors), deren Gegenbelegung, die nur einen Teil der anderen großflächigen Seite bedeckt, mit einem Potentialbezugspunkt und deren Rückkopplungsbelegung, die den anderen Teil dieser Seite unter Freilassen eines Isolationsabstandes bedeckt, mit dem Eingang (Basis) des aktiven Bauelements (Transistors) verbunden sind, so daß diese Schaltung als rückgekoppelter Verstärker (Emitterfolger) wirkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Piezokeramikscheibe (1) rechteckförmig ausgestaltet ist, daß die Gegenbelegung (2) mit Ausnahme einer in ihrer Mitte vorgesehenen Freifläche (3) die großflächige Gegenseite zur Hauptbelegung (9) der Piezokeramikscheibe (1) bedeckt, daß in der Freifläche (3) die Rückkopplungsbelegung (4) angeordnet ist und daß die Piezokeramikscheibe (1) zur unverrückbaren schwingungs-. fähigen Lagerung quer zu ihrer Längsausdehnung in den Achsen der Schwingungsknoten (5) elastisch befestigt ist.1. Signal generator for generating an acoustic signal, containing a single-layer or bimorph-vibrating piezo-ceramic disk which serves as an electromechanical transducer and is provided with metal coatings, the main coating of which covers one of its two large sides practically over the entire surface with the output of an active component (transistor) , whose counter-assignment, which only covers part of the other large-area side, is connected to a potential reference point and whose feedback assignment, which covers the other part of this side while leaving an insulation distance, are connected to the input (base) of the active component (transistor), so that this circuit acts as a feedback amplifier (emitter follower), characterized in that the piezoceramic disc (1) is rectangular in shape, that the counter-assignment (2), with the exception of a free area (3) provided in its center, the large opposite side to the main assignment (9) of the piezoceramic disc (1 ) covered that in the open area (3) the feedback assignment (4) is arranged and that the piezoceramic disc (1) for immovable vibration. capable storage transversely to its longitudinal extent in the axes of the vibration node (5) is elastically attached. 2. Signalgeber nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Freifläche (3) und Rückkopplungsbelegung (4) rechteckförmig mit abgerundeten schmalen Seiten ausgebildet sind (Fig. 1, 2).2. Signal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the free area (3) and feedback assignment (4) are rectangular with rounded narrow sides (Fig. 1, 2). 3. Signalgeber nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Freifläche (3) und Rückkapplungsbelegung (4). kreisrund ausgestaltet sind (Fig.3).3. Signal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that free space (3) and feedback arrangement (4). are circular (Fig.3). 4. Signalgeber nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Freifläche (3) und Rückkopplungsbelegung (4) elliptisch ausgestaltet sind (Fig. 4).4. Signal generator according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that the free area (3) and the feedback assignment (4) are elliptical (Fig. 4). 5. Signalgeber nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Freifläche (3) von einer Schmalseite (10) der rechteckförmigen Piezokeramikscheibe (1) in die Gegenbelegung (2) streifenförmig hineinragt und in ihr die Rückkopplungsbelegung (4) enthält (Fig.5).5. Signal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the free surface (3) from a narrow side (10) of the rectangular piezoceramic disk (1) protrudes into strips in the counter-assignment (2) and contains the feedback assignment (4) in it (Fig. 5) . 6. Signalgeber nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elastische Befestigung durch Gummiringe (6) erfolgt, die in an den Längskanten der Piezokeramikscheibe (1) angebrachten Kerben (7) rastend die Piezokeramikscheibe (1) umschlingen (Fig. 6, 7).6. Signal generator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the elastic fastening is carried out by rubber rings (6) which loop around the piezoceramic disc (1) in notches (7) provided on the longitudinal edges of the piezoceramic disc (1) (Fig. 6, 7). Signalgeber nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die rechteckförmige Piezokeramikscheibe (1) auf einer ihre Abmessungen überschreitenden Metallplatte (8) befestigt ist und daß die elastische Befestigung an dieser Metallplatte (8) erfolgt (Fig. 2, 8).Signal generator according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rectangular piezoceramic disc (1) is fastened to a metal plate (8) which exceeds its dimensions and that the elastic fastening is carried out on this metal plate (8) (Fig. 2, 8). 8. Signalgeber nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gummiringe (6) an den Stellen, die mit den Belegungen (3, 4, 9) in Berührung kommen, elektrisch leitfähige Segmente (11, 12) enthalten und damit die Stromzuführung zu den als Elektroden wirkenden Belegungen (3, 4, 9) als Druckkontakt ergeben (Fig. 7).8. Signal generator according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rubber rings (6) contain electrically conductive segments (11, 12) at the points which come into contact with the occupancies (3, 4, 9) and thus the current supply to the coatings (3, 4, 9) acting as electrodes result as a pressure contact (FIG. 7). 9. Signalgeber nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Keramikscheibe (1) mit den Gummiringen (6) in V-förmigen 'Führungsschienen (13) gelagert sind (Fig. 6).9. Signal generator according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the ceramic disc (1) with the rubber rings (6) in V-shaped 'guide rails (13) are mounted (Fig. 6). 10. Signalgeber nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die V-förmigen Führungsschienen (13) als Stromzuführungen zu den leitenden Segmenten (11, 12) der Gummiringe (6) dienen (Fig. 6, 7).10. Signal generator according to claim 9, characterized in that the V-shaped guide rails (13) serve as power supplies to the conductive segments (11, 12) of the rubber rings (6) (Fig. 6, 7).
EP81102766A 1980-04-10 1981-04-10 Signal generator for obtaining an acoustic signal Expired EP0038043B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81102766T ATE7096T1 (en) 1980-04-10 1981-04-10 SIGNALING DEVICES TO GENERATE AN ACOUSTIC SIGNAL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3013788A DE3013788C2 (en) 1980-04-10 1980-04-10 Piezoceramic disc for a signal generator to generate an acoustic signal
DE3013788 1980-04-10

Publications (2)

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EP0038043A1 true EP0038043A1 (en) 1981-10-21
EP0038043B1 EP0038043B1 (en) 1984-04-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81102766A Expired EP0038043B1 (en) 1980-04-10 1981-04-10 Signal generator for obtaining an acoustic signal

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EP (1) EP0038043B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57500494A (en)
AT (1) ATE7096T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3013788C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1981002963A1 (en)

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WO1998040857A1 (en) * 1997-03-10 1998-09-17 Dreamco Enterprises Inc. Quick charge capacitor powered non-interruptible wearable personal security alarm

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DE3230060C2 (en) * 1981-07-31 1986-07-31 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., Osaka Piezoelectric buzzer
JPS63314997A (en) * 1987-06-18 1988-12-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Piezo-electric sounding body
DE19902875C1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2000-07-20 Ideal Standard Piezoelectric sound transducer for stimulating bathtub wall to radiate sound has housing with thin-walled base that is liable to vibrate, carries piezoelectric element and faces bathtub wall
JP4203899B2 (en) * 2002-06-13 2009-01-07 オムロンヘルスケア株式会社 Electronic thermometer
JP2007028469A (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-02-01 Nec Tokin Corp Acoustic vibration generating element, manufacturing method thereof, and acoustic vibration generating apparatus

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US5881021A (en) * 1997-03-10 1999-03-09 Dreamco Enterprises Inc. Quick charge capacitor powered non-interruptible wearable personal security alarm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0038043B1 (en) 1984-04-11
DE3013788A1 (en) 1981-10-15
JPS57500494A (en) 1982-03-18
ATE7096T1 (en) 1984-04-15
WO1981002963A1 (en) 1981-10-15
DE3013788C2 (en) 1982-11-25

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