EP0034376B1

EP0034376B1 - Thermosensitive stereo recording method

Info

Publication number: EP0034376B1
Application number: EP19810101180
Authority: EP
Inventors: Kenji Yabuta; Senji Tosa; Yasuhiko Oiri; Chihaya Tanaka
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd; Nippon Hoso Kyokai NHK
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd; Japan Broadcasting Corp
Priority date: 1980-02-19
Filing date: 1981-02-19
Publication date: 1985-01-09
Also published as: EP0034376A3; JPS56115294A; EP0034376A2; JPH0134799B2; DE3168093D1

Description

This invention relates to a thermosensitive stereo recording method in which selected regions of a thermosensitive stereo recording surface prepared by coating a support with thermo-expandable material are provided with an ink coating which has a greater tendency to absorb radiant heat than have uncoated portions of said surface, and said surface is exposed to radiant heat in order to cause differential expansion of said surface to generate a concavo-convex image.
Thermosensitive recording, which is a recording method devised to form the images by making use of the physical or chemical changes of a substance by means of thermal energy, has prevailed widely in the field of information science. For instance, it has been applied to output recording in electronic computing machines and signal receiving and recording by facsimiles, as well as to the copying of documents, owing to its various advantageous features such as no noise during recording and adoption of a color forming system which requires no development and fixing. Particularly, an amazing advancement has been seen lately in its adaptation to the printers, plotters, facsimiles and such in order to meet the needs of society in recent years for treatment of a huge volume of information as hard copies at the highest possible output performance.
A variety of methods have been devised for the preparation and application of thermo- sensitive material. There is known, for example, a thermosensitive material prepared by applying a color pigment or dye or powder of other like material such as carbon on a substrate and further applying thereon a white opaque thermofusible substance. There are also known a color-developing method by formation of a complex compound of an electron donor and an acceptor and a color recording method in which a crystal violet lactone and a phenolic acidic material are dispersed in a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol and the dispersion is heated to develop color.
However, any of the heretofore proposed thermosensitive recording means such as mentioned above is ineffective for recording of concavo-convex stereo information.
German Auslegeschrift DE-B-1 1 22 555 discloses a stereo recording method utilising a solid puffing agent layer which chemically decomposes at elevated temperatures to yield a gas or sublimes to yield a gas. The puffing effect which can thereby be produced is however relatively small.
Furthermore, ink must be applied to the puffing agent in a separate printing operation for which the puffing agent is affixed to a printing drum.
The method does not lend itself to automation and is in any case insufficiently sensitive to be applied in a printer or facsimile machine converting electrical information to image information.
The present invention has for its object to provide a thermosensitive stereo recording method which is capable of receiving and reproducing concavo-convex stereo information, such as braille for the blind, which is highly sensitive and is therefore suitable for use together with a device such as a printer or facsimile machine which is capable of converting electrical information into thermal information.
Other and further objects, features and advantages of the invention will appear more fully from the following description.
The said object of this invention can be accomplished by a thermosensitive stereo recording method in which selected regions of a thermosensitive stereo recording surface prepared by coating a support with thermo-expandable material are provided with an ink coating which has a greater tendency to absorb radiant heat than have uncoated portions of said surface, and said surface is exposed to radiant heat in order to cause differential expansion of said surface to generate a concavo-convex image, characterised in that said thermo-expandable material is principally composed of thermo-expandable microspheres obtained by encapsulating a volatile low boiling point fluid with a thermoplastic material and in that said ink coating is selectively applied by forming a thermo-recording medium from a thermoplastic ink coating on a substrate, attaching said ink coating to said thermo-expandable material, transferring selected portions of said ink coating to said thermo-expandable material by a thermal recording device, and stripping off said thermo-recording medium.
For a better understanding of the invention, and to show how the same may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic enlarged partial sectional view showing a condition in which a thermosensitive stereo recording material formed by coating the surface of a support with a layer principally composed of heat-expandable microspheres and a thermo-recording medium formed by coating the surface of a substrate with a thermoplastic ink layer are placed one upon the other such that their respective coating layers contact each other;
Figure 2 is a schematic view illustrating a condition in which the thermoplastic ink coating layer has been transferred onto the coating layer principally composed of heat-expandable microspheres according to a thermal information pattern by a thermal recording head;
Figure 3 is a schematic view illustrating a condition in which the thermo-recording medium is being stripped off from the thermo- sensitive stereo recording material in the condition of Figure 2; and
Figure 4 is a schematic view illustrating a condition in which the image portion alone has been selectively expanded and raised by an exposure device.

The thermosensitive stereo recording method according to this invention is described hereinbelow with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 shows a condition in which a thermosensitive stereo recording material, prepared by providing on the surface of a support 1 a coating layer principally composed of thermo-expandable microspheres, and a thermo-recording medium, prepared by forming a thermoplastic ink coating layer on the surface of a substrate 4, are placed in contact with each other such that the respective coating layers 2 and 3 are adjacent each other. Figure 2 shows a condition where while maintaining said thermo- sensitive stereo recording material and said thermo-recording medium in said contacted state, or if necessary, after they had been further press-bonded integral to each other by a press roll device such as a calendar or laminator, portions 5 of the thermoplastic ink coating layer 3 have been selectively transferred to the coating layer 2 principally composed of heat-expandable microspheres according to a thermal information pattern by heating said thermoplastic ink coating layer 3 of the substrate 4 from the rear side thereof by a thermal recording head 6 of a thermosensitive recording facsimile or other like device. Figure 3 shows a condition in which said thermo-recording medium is being separated away from said thermosensitive stereo recording material, and Figure 4 shows a condition where the entire surface of the coating layer 2 (principally composed of heat-expandable microspheres) of said thermosensitive stereo recording material has been subjected to uniform strong light irradiation by an exposure means 3 to effect selective heating and expansion of the image portions 9 by dint of difference in heat absorption.
Both support 1 and substrate 4 are not subject to any specific restrictions in their material except for the requirement that the material used therefor should have a certain degree of strength, and for example, papers such as common paper, synthetic paper, laminate paper, etc., or resin films such as polyethylene, polystyrene or polypropylene films may be favorably used. As for the substrate, however, a thin-leaf paper such as condenser paper, glassine paper, tracing paper, etc., is most suited for the purpose of this invention as such paper has relatively good heat conductivity because of high density and minimized amount of air trapped in the paper layer. The thermo-expandable coating layer 2 is principally composed of heat-expandable microspheres and a binder for bonding such microspheres to the support 1. Said "heat-expandable microspheres" are the microspheres expanded upon heating, which are commercially available under the tradenames of Saran Microspheres (Dow Chemical), Micropearl (Matsumoto Yushi Seiyaku), etc. Such a heat-expandable microspere is a hollow particle having a diameter of approximately 3 to 200 microns, with its capsule wall being formed from a thermoplastic material such as a vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer. This microsphere is substantially spherical in shape and contains in its hollow portion about 5 to 50% by weight of a volatile foaming agent such as n-butane, isobutane, neopentane, etc. Expanding temperature of said heat-expandable microspheres is 50 to 200°C, preferably 100 to 150°C.
The essential requirements for the binder used in this invention are that it has sufficient flexibility or strechability to form concavo- convexities of a proper height without affecting the expanding property of the microspheres, that it has good adhesion to the support and it has excellent restoring ability against compression, and if these requirements are met, any type of binders, whether water-soluble type or organic solvent-soluble type, may be used in this invention. Examples of the water-soluble binders usable for the purpose of this invention include the natural or synthetic high-molecular compounds such as gelatin, polyvinyl alcohols, polyethylene glycol, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methoxy cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, etc., and the aqueous polymer emulsions such as polyvinyl acetate emulsion, vinyl acetate-vinyl chloride copolymer emulsion, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, styrene-butadiene copolymer emulsion, etc.
The organic solvent-soluble type binders usable in this invention include, for example, polyvinyl butylate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-butadiene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate-vinyl chloride copolymer, polyvinylidene chloride, vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, ethyl cellulose nitrocellulose, polyvinyl acetate, saturated polyester resin, epoxy resin, silicon resin, alkyd resin, etc.
The essential ingredients of the composition of this invention are those named above. Among them, the heat-expandable microspheres are used in an amount of approximately 10-300 parts by weight, preferably approximately 70-200 parts by weight, for every 100 parts by weight of the binder composition. The binder may contain, beside said heat-expandable microspheres, a suitable additive or additives, for example a viscosity modifier (such as starch, natural gum, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc.). It is also possible to blend an inorganic filler such as talc, kaolin, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, etc., for improving whiteness.
The most preferred build-up of the heat-expandable microspheres is within the range of 5 to 50 g/m² for the reasons of sensory perceptibility of the concavo-convex images and wear resistance against rubbing by the finger, etc.
The thermo-recording medium obtained by providing a thermoplastic ink coating layer 3 on a substrate 4 is of the known type in which, as for example shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 43787/1976 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 115229/1977 and 84735/1978, the ink coating layer of said recording medium is fused by thermal energy of a thermosensitive recording facsimile, printer, etc., and transferred onto a recording paper placed in opposition to said ink coating layer to thereby effect recording.
A salient advantage of this invention resides in the fact that the device is capable of high-speed transmittance and recording of concavo-convex stereo information by using only a simple exposure means beside an ordinary thermosensitive recording facsimile that allows high-speed transmittance of a large volume of information, owing to use of a specific recording material consisting of said thermo-recording medium and a thermosensitive stereo recording material formed by providing a coating layer principally composed of heat-expandable microspheres on the surface of a support, said both recording members being attached to each other with their respective coating layers opposing to each other and, if necessary, press-bonded integral to each other by using a press roll device such as a calender or laminator.
In order to facilitate better understanding of the effect of this invention, the device of this invention is further described hereinbelow by way of the embodiments thereof.

Example 1

(A) Preparation of thermosensitive stereo recording material

1 kg of an emulsion containing a vinyl acetate-acrylic ester copolymer resin (50% by weight) was put into a stainless beaker, and then net 500 g solids of Micropearl F-30 (10-30 p encapsulized fine particles made by en- capsulizing isobutane-based low-boiling hydrocarbon with a vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer resin) mfd. by Matsumoto Yushi Seiyaku KK was added portionwise as the thermo-expandable microspheres into said emulsion under stirring to form a uniform slurry.
This slurry was then added with 1 g of methyl cellulose as thickener and stirred well. The thus prepared thermosensitive composition was applied on a fine-quality paper by a wire bar and then dried to obtain a recording paper. The coating weight after drying was 46 g/m2.

(B) Formation of light absorption pattern

A thermosensitive stereo recording material prepared according to the above-said method (A) and a thermo-recording medium prepared by coating a fine-quality paper with carbon black and a thermoplastic ink layer by hot-melt coating were attached to each other such that their respective coated surfaces opposed to each other, then the laminate was heated from the opposite side of the coated surface of said thermo-recording medium by a thermal recording head such as a thin-film head using a thin-film resistor of tantalum nitride, which is commercially sold as a unit for thermosensitive recording facsimiles, and said thermo-recording medium was stripped off from said thermo- sensitive stereo recording material to thereby form a light absorption pattern principally composed of carbon black and a thermoplastic wax on a thermo-expandable layer applied on the surface of said thermosensitive stereo recording material.

(C) Formation of concavo-convex stereo image

The surface of said thermosensitive stereo recording material was subjected to uniform and strong infrared irradiation to selectively heat and expand the image portion owing to the difference in light absorption to obtain a concavo-convex image corresponding to the light absorption pattern. The height of the concavo-convexities measured by a surface roughness meter (mfd. by Tokyo Seimitsu) was 0.31 mm.

Example 2

Transmittance and recording of braille information, etc., by facsimile

Images such as writings in braille are drawn in black on a common paper as the original of information to be transmitted and the drawing is converted into an electrical scanning signal (facsimile signal) and transmitted by a facsimile transmitter. The signal is received by a thermo- sensitive recording type facsimile receiver and scanned by adding a thermal signal corresponding to the facsimile signal on the thermo-recording medium side of a facsimile recording paper composed of said thermo-recording medium and thermosensitive stereo recording material, thereby developing the received image. Then the thermo-recording medium is separated from the thermosensitive stereo recording material to transfer the image onto said thermo-sensitive stereo recording material. Then uniform heat rays are applied to the thermosensitive stereo recording material to which said image has been transferred, whereupon the image portion is heated and expanded to rise up owing to difference in light absorption between the colored (black) image portion and the ground (white) and is thereby recorded as a concave-convex braille writing.
As described above, the present invention has enabled easy transmission and recording of concave-convex stereo information like braille for the blind by the electrical communication means by making use of a heat-expandable thermosensitive recording paper, a thermo- sensitive recording facsimile and a simple exposure means.

Claims

1. A thermosensitive stereo recording method in which selected regions of a thermo- sensitive stereo recording surface prepared by coating a support (1) with thermo-expandable material (2) are provided with an ink coating which has a greater tendency to absorb radiant heat than have uncoated portions of said surface, and said surface is exposed to radiant heat in order to cause differential expansion of said surface to generate a concavo-convex image, characterised in that said thermo-expandable material (2) is principally composed of thermo-expandable microspheres obtained by encapsulating a volatile low boiling point fluid with a thermoplastic material and in that said ink coating is selectively applied by forming a thermo-recording medium from a thermoplastic ink coating (3) on a substrate (4), attaching said ink coating (3) to said thermo-expandable material (2), transferring selected portions (5) of said ink coating (3) to said thermo-expandable material (2) by a thermal recording device, and stripping off said thermo-recording medium.

2. A method according to claim 1 characterised in that before said portions (5) are transferred to said thermo-expandable material (2) said ink coating (3) is press-bonded integrally to said thermo-expandable material (2) using a press roll device.

3. A method according to claim 2 characterised in that said press roll device is a calender or laminator.

4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the thermoplastic material is a vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer.

5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the volatile low-boiling point substance is n-butane, isobutane, neopentane or petroleum ether.

6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the thermoplastic ink coating layer is a layer formed from a color pigment or color dye and a thermoplastic binder or the like, and the thermo-expandable microspheres are heated and expanded as said color pigment or dye absorbs light to generate heat under strong light irradiation.

7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the thermal recording device is a thermal recording facsimile.