EP0031614A1 - Réseau courbe de transducteurs ultrasoniques - Google Patents
Réseau courbe de transducteurs ultrasoniques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0031614A1 EP0031614A1 EP19800201181 EP80201181A EP0031614A1 EP 0031614 A1 EP0031614 A1 EP 0031614A1 EP 19800201181 EP19800201181 EP 19800201181 EP 80201181 A EP80201181 A EP 80201181A EP 0031614 A1 EP0031614 A1 EP 0031614A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- array
- elements
- bar
- ultrasound
- mandrel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical group [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012285 ultrasound imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
- G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
- G10K11/34—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning using electrical steering of transducer arrays, e.g. beam steering
- G10K11/341—Circuits therefor
- G10K11/345—Circuits therefor using energy switching from one active element to another
Definitions
- the invention relates to an array of ultrasound transducers which is particularly useful for medical imagirg applications. More specifically, the invention relates to a curved, linear array of ultrasound transducer elements. A group of active elements are incrementally shifted along the array to sector-scan a parallel ultrasound beam.
- Internal body organs may beimaged and otherwise characterized by apparatus which directs pulses of ultrasound energy into the body and subsequently detects echoes which originate when the energy is reflected from tissue interfaces or other discontinuities within the body.
- the ultrasound energy is directed into the body in a relatively narrow beam.
- Electric signals which describe the position and direction of the beam with respect to the body, as well as the relative arrival time and amplitude of the echos, are utilized to generate a visual display and/or mapping of the internal body structures.
- the direction of the ultrasound beam is manually controlled by a technician (generally by physical . motion of a probe head) to build up a display pattern.
- Ultrasound systems for generating real time displays of rapidly moving body organs generally utilize electromechanical or electronic means to change the position and direction of one or more beams of ultrasound energy with respect to the body.
- Motion of a beam of ultrasound energy with respect to the body may be provided by sequentially activating transducer elements in a flat linear array to effectively scan an area of the body with a sequence of substantially parallel ultrasound beams.
- Adevice of this type is described in U.S. Patent 3,013,170.
- a beam of ultrasound energy may, alternately, be scanned around a single origin point to produce a so-called "sector-scan".
- Sector-scan geometries are particularly useful since ultrasound energy may be directed between the ribs to scan the interior of the chest cavity.
- Sector-scanning has been achieved in the prior art by rapidly rotating one or more transducers about an axis, by steering energy from a fixed transducer with a rotating ultrasound reflector, or by sequencing individual transducer elements in a linear curved array.
- British patent 1,546,445 describes a curved transducer array with individual transducers which are individually activated to produce a sector-scan.
- the transverse spatial resolution which may be obtained from a sequence array of ultrasound transducers is related to dimensions of the individual transducer elements in the array. Small transducer elements are desirable for obtaining fine resolution.
- the amount of ultrasound energy produced by an individual transducer element is, however, limited by its size.
- the signal-to-noise ratio of the returned ultrasound echoes necessarily depends on the amount of ultrasound energy introduced into the body. Thus, the signal to noise ratio suffers if small transducer elements are individually activated to achieve a scanning action. Diffraction effects will furthermore, cause spreading of an ultrasound beam which originates from a single, small ultrasound transducer element.
- a concave linear array of small transducer elements is utilized to generate an ultrasound sector scan.
- a group of active elements is incrementally shifted along the array to provide a steerable beam providing high resolution and a high signal to noise ratio.
- Defocussing means which compensate for the inherent focussing effects in a curved group of adjacent transducers, are provided.
- the defocussing means may comprise a negative ultrasound lens disposed between the array and the body. Alternately, the defocussing means may delay electrical signals, which are transmitted to and received from each transducer element in the active group, in proportion to the distance between that element and the center of the active group.
- a curved array of small, high resolution transducer elements may be manufactured by first sawing the back surface of an electroded bar of piezoelectric ceramic to form a series of parallel grooves. A flexible matching window is cast on the front surface of the grooved bar. The bar and window are then bent around a convex mandrel so that the indivual elements are fractured one from the other. A foam air cell is then cast over the back of the elements to retain them in place.
- Figure 1 is a linear array of ultrasound transducers 110 which is known in the prior art.
- a series of individual transducers elements 100 are disposed along a line 101.
- Separate electrodes 102 are provided for each transducer in the array and are connected to electronic circuits (not shown) which permit sequential activation of the elements to, in effect, move the source of an ultrasound beam along the line 101.
- Figure 2 illustrates an application of the array 110 of Figure 1.
- a group of adjacent transducers 111 are simultaneously activated to produce a beam of ultrasound energy 112 which is inwardly projected into a body 113.
- the array 110 is disposed on the surfacd of a probe assembly 114 which includes switching circuits 115.
- the switching circuits act to incrementally shift the group of active transducers 111 along the array to generate a linear scan of the beam 112 with respect to the body.
- the operation of prior art imaging systems with incrementally shifted arrays is described in the articles Ultrasonic Imaging Using Arrays, Albert Macovski and Methods and Terminology for Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging Systems. Maxwell G. Maginness in the Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 67, No.
- British patent Specification 1,546,445 describes a curved linear array of transducers which are individually activated to generate a sector-scanned ultrasound beam.
- a positive (converging) lens is utilized with the transducer array to focus the beam through the spaces between the ribs. Because only one transducer element is active at a time, the array of British patent 1,546,445 suffers from relatively low spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. The performance of the array cannot, however, be improved by directly applying the incrementally shifted active group geometry of Figure 2 to the curved array configuration.
- the simultaneous activation of a group of adjacent elements on a curved array necessarily produces a sharply focussed beam which diverges in the far field and is unsuitable for medical imaging.
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a transducer array of the present invention.
- a plurality of electro- acoustic transducer elements 200 are disposed along an arc and are oriented to project and receive ultrasound energy in the direction of the center of the arc.
- the individual elements 200 in the array are provided with separate electrodes and are connected, via wires 202, and a sequencing circuit to pulse generator and receiver circuits (not shown).
- the array is contained in a housing 204 which includes an ultrasound transmissive window 206.
- the housing may be filled with an ultrasound transmissive fluid 208, for example, castor oil, which is matched to the ultrasound transmissive properties of the human body. Alternately the housing may be filled with a solid material. In general the filling should have an acoustic attenuation between those of water and human tissue and should have an acoustic impedance which is matched to the impedance of human tissue.
- a group of adjacent transducer elements (for example 220) within the array is activated for the transmission and reception of each ultrasound pulse.
- the active group of transducers is incrementally shifted along the array, one transducer at a time, on a pulse to pulse basis to provide a sector scan of ultrasound energy.
- Defocussing means are included to compensate for the strong inherent focussing of the curved array.
- the curved array, with an . incrementally shifted group of active detectors, in combination with the defocussing means, produces a finer spatial resolution and higher signal to noise ratio than curved sequenced arrays of the prior art.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the defocussing means.
- a group 220 of adjacent transducers A-K within the array is activated by sequencing switches (not shown for the sake for clarity).
- the central transducer F within the zone is connected directly to ultrasound pulse generator 240 and receiver 250 circuits via a transmit-receive (TR) switch 260.
- TR transmit-receive
- the transducer pair E and G immediately adjacent the central transducer is connected to the TR switch 260 via a first delay 270.
- the next adjacent pair of transducers D and H are connected to the TR switch through a second delay circuit 280 which provides a longer delay than the delay circuit 270.
- Each next adjacent pair of transducers within .the group i.e.
- C and I, B and J, A and K are connected to the TR switch via delay circuits (290, 300, 310) which provide, increasing delays in proportion to the distance from the center of the active group to the associated transducers.
- the magnitude of the delays are chosen, using techniques which are well known in the art and which are described, for example, in the above referenced Macovski article, to compensate for the physical focussing effects of the curved array and thus provide a more parallel beam of ultrasound energy. Alternately the beam may thus be focussed at a point deep within the body of a patient.
- Figure 5 illustrates a system for incrementally shifting the active group along the transducer array.
- Pulsers 400, receiver amplifiers 410, and associated TR isolators 420 are connected in a conventional fashion to first ends of a bank of bidirectional delay lines 430.
- the bank of delay lines 430 includes delay lines of varying time delay which are calculated to provide the defocussing compensation for the active group as described :3bove with respect to the Figure 4.
- the opposite end of each delay line in the bank 430 is connected to a row of switches in an analog switch matrix 440.Each column of switches in the switch matrix 440 is connected to a separate element 200 in the transducer array 450.
- a separate switch (which may be a MOS transistor) is provided at each cross point (that is the intersection of each row with each column) in the switch matrix.
- the switching elements are individually activated by the output lines of a read-only memory (ROM) 460.
- Input lines of the read-only memory 460 are addressed by the output of a sequencer circuit which may be a sequential counter 470 driven by a clock 480.
- the sequencer circuit addresses consecutive words in the read-only memory which establish the connection patterns between the individual transducer elements in the array and corresponding delay lines to effect incremental shifting of a defocussed, active group along the array.
- Table I illustrates the first three words of a read-only memory which shifts an active group of nine transducer elements along an array by establishing connections to four delay lines I through IV.
- bit patterns of Table I are shortened for the sake of clarity of illustration; the principles illustrated therein may be extended to active groups and arrays which include larger or smaller numbers of transducer elements.
- Figure 6 is an alternate embodiment of a transducer array wherein the defocussing means comprise a negative lens 500.
- a group of transducers is sequentially shifted across the array as in the embodiment of Figure 3 to produce a sector scan. All of the transducers in the group 200 may be simultaneously pulsed.
- the delay line defocussing means of Figure 4 may be utilized in conjunction with the lens 500.
- the lens may be constructed from metal or plastic and may advantageously comprise two negative lens elements separated by a fluid- filled cavity 510.
- FIG. 7 illustrates first steps in a preferred method for manufacturing the transducer array.
- the array is advantageously formed from a single rectangular bar 600 of piezoelectric ceramic (which may comprise Type PZT-5). Copper electrodes 605 and-610 are bonded to the front 601 and rear 602 major surfaces of the bar with a silver bearing epoxy resin.
- a flexible matching window 615 is then cast directly on the front electrode.
- the matching window may be advantageously cast from a mixture of two parts of a Stycast 1264 resin binder and one part tungsten powder. The window is cast by pouring the mixture directly onto the surface of the front electrode and allowing the tungsten powder to settle. After the resin i.s cured, the windows is machined to a thickness of one quarter acoustic wavelength at the operating frequency of the array. For example, a window designed for operation at 3.5 MHz is machined to approximately 0.09 mm thickness.
- a series of parallel grooves 620 are then cut through the rear electrode 610 and into the upper surface of the bar to segregate individual transducer elements 630 with their associated rear electrodes.
- the grooves are approximately 0.13 mm wide and penetrate to 75% of the thickness of the ceramic bar.
- the ceramic bar is approximately 80.5 millimeters long, 12.5 millimeters wide, and 2.0 millimeters thick.
- the bar is divided by 71 saw cuts to form 72 transducer elements.
- the rear electrodes on the endmost transducer elements are grounded to the front electrode so that the array comprises 70 functional transducer elements.
- Figures 8 and 9 illustrate the further construction of the array.
- the grooved ceramic bar 600 with attached electrodes 605 and 610 and window 615 is formed around a semicylindrical mandrel 650, the grooves in the bar being parallel to the axis of the cylinder.
- the bar cracks under each groove 620 to produce a curved array of separate, electroded transducer elements 630 which are retained in place by the front electrode 605 and window 615.
- a supporting foam air cell 660 is then cast between the elements 630 and around the rear surface of the curved transducer array.
- the air cell retains the transducer elements in place and further provides a low acoustic impedance backing for the individual elements.
- the air cell may typically comprise glass micro-balloons in an epoxy resin binder.
- the upper electrodes 610 are wider than the ceramic bar and are folded back along the edges of the air cell to provide electrical connections to the individual elements.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10451679A | 1979-12-17 | 1979-12-17 | |
US104516 | 1979-12-17 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0031614A1 true EP0031614A1 (fr) | 1981-07-08 |
EP0031614B1 EP0031614B1 (fr) | 1984-10-24 |
EP0031614B2 EP0031614B2 (fr) | 1990-07-18 |
Family
ID=22300906
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19800201181 Expired EP0031614B2 (fr) | 1979-12-17 | 1980-12-09 | Réseau courbe de transducteurs ultrasoniques |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0031614B2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS56103598A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1152729A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3069525D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES497752A0 (fr) |
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0128049A2 (fr) * | 1983-06-07 | 1984-12-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Sonde ultrasonore muni d'un support absorbant |
EP0119855A3 (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1985-06-19 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic transducers having improved acoustic impedance matching layers |
FR2580286A1 (fr) * | 1985-04-12 | 1986-10-17 | Sintra | Materiau anechoique allege |
WO1993014417A1 (fr) * | 1992-01-17 | 1993-07-22 | Reson System A/S | Sonar pour milieux marins |
EP0739656A2 (fr) * | 1993-01-29 | 1996-10-30 | Parallel Design, Inc. | Réseau de transducteurs ultrasonores et méthode de fabrication |
GB2310563A (en) * | 1996-02-26 | 1997-08-27 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Vibration detecting sensor |
WO2003012777A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-13 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Systeme d'imagerie acoustique a lentille non focalisante |
WO2004103472A1 (fr) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-02 | Insightec - Image Guided Treatment Ltd | Formation de faisceaux acoustiques en reseaux phases comprenant de nombreux elements transducteurs |
US6979937B2 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2005-12-27 | Mide Technology Corporation | Laser machining of electroactive ceramics |
EP1829620A2 (fr) * | 2006-03-04 | 2007-09-05 | intelligeNDT Systems & Services GmbH & Co. KG | Procédé de fabrication d'une tête de vérification par ultrasons avec un agencement de convertisseur à ultrasons doté d'une bouteille de réception et d'émission incurvée |
US8235901B2 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2012-08-07 | Insightec, Ltd. | Focused ultrasound system with far field tail suppression |
USRE43901E1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2013-01-01 | Insightec Ltd. | Apparatus for controlling thermal dosing in a thermal treatment system |
US20130079621A1 (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2013-03-28 | Technion Research & Development Foundation Ltd. | Method and system of operating a multi focused acoustic wave source |
US8409099B2 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2013-04-02 | Insightec Ltd. | Focused ultrasound system for surrounding a body tissue mass and treatment method |
EP1526757A4 (fr) * | 2002-04-26 | 2013-06-19 | Tayca Corp | Vibrateur piezoelectrique composite |
US8852103B2 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2014-10-07 | Butterfly Network, Inc. | Transmissive imaging and related apparatus and methods |
WO2014202332A1 (fr) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-12-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Convertisseur électroacoustique |
EP3015177A1 (fr) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-04 | Imasonic | Transducteur ultrasonore à couche de microballons |
US9412357B2 (en) | 2009-10-14 | 2016-08-09 | Insightec Ltd. | Mapping ultrasound transducers |
US9667889B2 (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2017-05-30 | Butterfly Network, Inc. | Portable electronic devices with integrated imaging capabilities |
US9852727B2 (en) | 2010-04-28 | 2017-12-26 | Insightec, Ltd. | Multi-segment ultrasound transducers |
US9981148B2 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2018-05-29 | Insightec, Ltd. | Adaptive active cooling during focused ultrasound treatment |
US10130828B2 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2018-11-20 | Insightec Ltd. | Controlled, non-linear focused ultrasound treatment |
GB2565159A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-02-06 | Bae Systems Plc | Electroacoustic transducer |
CN110646802A (zh) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-03 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 一种水听器镜像对称弧型阵及其布置方法 |
US11800295B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2023-10-24 | Bae Systems Plc | Electroacoustic transducer |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57113596U (fr) * | 1980-12-30 | 1982-07-14 | ||
JPS5887998A (ja) * | 1981-11-20 | 1983-05-25 | Hitachi Ltd | 超音波探触子の製造方法 |
JPS5996999U (ja) * | 1982-12-21 | 1984-06-30 | 横河電機株式会社 | 超音波アレイトランスデユ−サ |
JPS59202058A (ja) * | 1983-05-02 | 1984-11-15 | Hitachi Medical Corp | 超音波検査装置用探触子の製造方法 |
JPS60114239A (ja) * | 1983-11-28 | 1985-06-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 超音波探触子の製造方法 |
JPS60192500A (ja) * | 1984-03-14 | 1985-09-30 | Nippon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd | マトリツクス・アレ−型超音波探触子及びその製造方法 |
FR2614747B1 (fr) * | 1987-04-28 | 1989-07-28 | Dory Jacques | Generateur d'impulsions elastiques ayant une forme d'onde predeterminee desiree et son application au traitement ou au diagnostic medical |
US9224938B2 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2015-12-29 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Piezoelectric element and method to remove extraneous vibration modes |
WO2024112570A1 (fr) * | 2022-11-22 | 2024-05-30 | Provisio Medical, Inc. | Systèmes et procédés de mesure ultrasonore multifréquence |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1553933A (en) * | 1976-04-27 | 1979-10-17 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Probe for ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus |
-
1980
- 1980-12-09 EP EP19800201181 patent/EP0031614B2/fr not_active Expired
- 1980-12-09 DE DE8080201181T patent/DE3069525D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-12-13 JP JP17527380A patent/JPS56103598A/ja active Granted
- 1980-12-15 ES ES497752A patent/ES497752A0/es active Granted
- 1980-12-16 CA CA000366878A patent/CA1152729A/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1553933A (en) * | 1976-04-27 | 1979-10-17 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Probe for ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
ULTRASONICS, Vol. 14, No. 1, January 1976 GUILDFORD (GB) WHITTINGHAM: "A hand-held electronically switched array for rapid ultrasonic scanning" pages 29-33 * page 29, right-hand column, chapter: "Probe design and construction" to page 30, right-hand column, paragraph 3; figures 1-3 * * |
ULTRASONICS, Vol. 16, No. 5, September 1978 GUILDFORD (GB) Industrial News" "Transducers for Control Applications" pages 197-198 * the whole article * * |
Cited By (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0119855A3 (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1985-06-19 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic transducers having improved acoustic impedance matching layers |
EP0128049A3 (en) * | 1983-06-07 | 1986-03-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic probe having a backing member |
EP0128049A2 (fr) * | 1983-06-07 | 1984-12-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Sonde ultrasonore muni d'un support absorbant |
FR2580286A1 (fr) * | 1985-04-12 | 1986-10-17 | Sintra | Materiau anechoique allege |
WO1993014417A1 (fr) * | 1992-01-17 | 1993-07-22 | Reson System A/S | Sonar pour milieux marins |
EP0739656A2 (fr) * | 1993-01-29 | 1996-10-30 | Parallel Design, Inc. | Réseau de transducteurs ultrasonores et méthode de fabrication |
EP0739656A3 (fr) * | 1993-01-29 | 1998-05-06 | Parallel Design, Inc. | Réseau de transducteurs ultrasonores et méthode de fabrication |
GB2310563A (en) * | 1996-02-26 | 1997-08-27 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Vibration detecting sensor |
US5864066A (en) * | 1996-02-26 | 1999-01-26 | Samsung Electronics, Co., Ltd. | Vibration detecting sensor with temperature compensating piezoelectric element |
GB2310563B (en) * | 1996-02-26 | 2000-04-12 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Vibration detecting sensor |
US6979937B2 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2005-12-27 | Mide Technology Corporation | Laser machining of electroactive ceramics |
USRE43901E1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2013-01-01 | Insightec Ltd. | Apparatus for controlling thermal dosing in a thermal treatment system |
WO2003012777A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-13 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Systeme d'imagerie acoustique a lentille non focalisante |
EP1526757A4 (fr) * | 2002-04-26 | 2013-06-19 | Tayca Corp | Vibrateur piezoelectrique composite |
US7611462B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2009-11-03 | Insightec-Image Guided Treatment Ltd. | Acoustic beam forming in phased arrays including large numbers of transducer elements |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1152729A (fr) | 1983-08-30 |
JPH0452040B2 (fr) | 1992-08-20 |
EP0031614B2 (fr) | 1990-07-18 |
EP0031614B1 (fr) | 1984-10-24 |
DE3069525D1 (en) | 1984-11-29 |
ES8107014A1 (es) | 1981-09-16 |
ES497752A0 (es) | 1981-09-16 |
JPS56103598A (en) | 1981-08-18 |
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