EP0025205A1 - Process for producing permanent gases and soot from waste materials, and cracking reactor for carrying out this process - Google Patents

Process for producing permanent gases and soot from waste materials, and cracking reactor for carrying out this process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0025205A1
EP0025205A1 EP80105223A EP80105223A EP0025205A1 EP 0025205 A1 EP0025205 A1 EP 0025205A1 EP 80105223 A EP80105223 A EP 80105223A EP 80105223 A EP80105223 A EP 80105223A EP 0025205 A1 EP0025205 A1 EP 0025205A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor
cracking
waste materials
cracking reactor
resistance heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80105223A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Erwin Dipl.-Chem. Thomanetz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HERKO PYROLYSE GmbH AND CO RECYCLING KG
Original Assignee
HERKO PYROLYSE GmbH AND CO RECYCLING KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HERKO PYROLYSE GmbH AND CO RECYCLING KG filed Critical HERKO PYROLYSE GmbH AND CO RECYCLING KG
Publication of EP0025205A1 publication Critical patent/EP0025205A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/001—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by thermal treatment
    • C10K3/003—Reducing the tar content
    • C10K3/008—Reducing the tar content by cracking
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of permanent gases and soot from waste materials, the waste materials carbonizing at a moderately high temperature in a carbonization reactor and the carbonization gases which are produced are subsequently cracked in a cracking reactor at elevated temperature.
  • the invention further relates to a cracking reactor for performing this method.
  • the electrical energy required for resistance heating is preferably obtained from the pyrolysis process itself, it being generated in particular by combustion of the cracked carbonization gases in a gas engine operating an electrical generator. This procedure is particularly advantageous because it is self-sufficient in energy and unencumbered by energy storage problems because of the simultaneous generation of energy and the energy requirement.
  • Waste materials for which this method is preferred are all water-containing waste materials or those which split off water during pyrolysis, for which purpose lacquer sludge or lignin sulfonate waste liquor from the paper industry should be mentioned in particular.
  • a cracking reactor in which an electrical resistance heating is provided to generate the cracking temperature. It is preferably designed as a flow tube and is provided as resistance heating in the interior of resistance-heated rods distributed over the flow cross section and extending in the flow direction. By distributing the bars across the cross-section, it is possible to create a large heating surface, which is not only on the edge of the reactor, whereby the carbonization gas to be cracked can be brought uniformly to the required temperature.
  • the rods are preferably ceramic rods because they have a high temperature resistance and are resistant to the gases to be prepared and prepared.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The waste materials are carbonised at moderately high temperature in a carbonisation reactor and the carbonisation gases produced in the process are then cracked at elevated temperature in a cracking reactor 1 which is heated to the cracking temperature by electrical resistance heating. The cracking reactor is preferably constructed as a flow tube and the electrical resistance heating is provided as resistance-heated rods 2 distributed in the interior over the flow cross-section and running in the flow direction.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Permanentgasen und Ruß aus Abfallstoffen, wobei die Abfallstoffe bei mäßig hoher Temperatur in einem Schwelreaktor verschwelt und die dabei entstehenden Schwelgase nachfolgend bei erhöhter Temperatur in einem Crackreaktor gecrackt werden. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen Crackreaktor zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a process for the production of permanent gases and soot from waste materials, the waste materials carbonizing at a moderately high temperature in a carbonization reactor and the carbonization gases which are produced are subsequently cracked in a cracking reactor at elevated temperature. The invention further relates to a cracking reactor for performing this method.

Bei der Abfallpyrolyse erfolgt die Verschwelung der Abfallstoffe, unter anderem zur Vermeidung von Werkstoffproblemen bei den aufgrung der zu verarbeitenden Abfallmengen notwendigerweise großen Reaktortrommeln oder Reaktorrohren, bei mäßig hohen Temperaturen von ca. 800 K oder weniger. Das dabei entstehende kohlenwasserstoffreiche Schwelgas ist hinsichtlich seiner Weiterverwendung etwa als Brenngas oder als Kondensat nicht besonders wertvoll, so daß eine Aufbereitung geboten ist. Diese kann im Hinblick auf die Gewinnung eines hochwertigen öligen Kondensats in einer Zyklisierung bzw. Aromatisierung der vohandenen Kohlenwasser-In waste pyrolysis, the waste materials are smoldered, among other things in order to avoid material problems when the amount of waste to be processed is necessarily large reactor drums or reactor tubes, at moderately high temperatures of approximately 800 K or less. The resulting carbon-rich carbonization gas is not particularly valuable with regard to its further use, for example as fuel gas or as condensate, so that treatment is necessary. With a view to obtaining a high-quality oily condensate, this can be achieved in a cyclization or aromatization of the existing hydrocarbons.

Vorzugsweise wird die für die Widerstandsbeheizung notwendige elektrische Energie aus dem PyrolyseprozeB selbst gewonnen, wobei sie insbesondere durch Verbrennung der gecrackten Schwelgase in.einem einen elektrischen Generator betreibenden Gasmotor erzeugt wird. Diese Verfahrensführung ist besonders vorteilhaft, weil sie energieautark und wegen der Gleichzeitigkeit von Energieerzeugung und Energiebedarf von Energiespeicherungsproblemen unbelastet, ist.The electrical energy required for resistance heating is preferably obtained from the pyrolysis process itself, it being generated in particular by combustion of the cracked carbonization gases in a gas engine operating an electrical generator. This procedure is particularly advantageous because it is self-sufficient in energy and unencumbered by energy storage problems because of the simultaneous generation of energy and the energy requirement.

Abfallstoffe, für die sich dieses Verfahren bevorzugt anbietet, sind alle wasserhaltigen oder bei der Pyrolyse Wasser abspaltenden Abfallstoffe, wofür insbesondere bei der Lackherstellung anfallende Lackschlämmen oder Ligninsulfonatablaugen der Papierindustrie zu nennen wären.Waste materials for which this method is preferred are all water-containing waste materials or those which split off water during pyrolysis, for which purpose lacquer sludge or lignin sulfonate waste liquor from the paper industry should be mentioned in particular.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es ferner, einen Crackreaktor zur Crackung von bei der Pyrolyse von Abfallstoffen anfallenden Schwelgasen zu schaffen, mit welchem die Schwelgase gleichmäßig und definiert auf die erforderlichen hohen Temperaturen aufgeheizt werden können.It is also an object of the invention to provide a cracking reactor for cracking carbonization gases resulting from the pyrolysis of waste materials, with which the carbonization gases can be heated uniformly and in a defined manner to the required high temperatures.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Crackreaktor gelöst, bei dem zur Erzeugung der Cracktemperatur eine elektrische Widerstandsbeheizung vorgesehen ist. Bevorzugt ist er als Strömungsrohr ausgebildet und sind als Widerstandsbeheizung im Inneren über den Strömungsquerschnitt verteilte, in Strömungsrichtung verlaufende widerstandsbeheizte Stäbe vorgesehen. Durch die Verteilung der Stäbe über den Querschnitt ist es möglich, eine große Heizfläche, die nicht nur am Rande des Reaktors liegt, zu schaffen, wodurch das zu crackende Schwelgas gleichmäßig auf die erforderliche Temperatur gebracht werden kann. Vorzugsweise sind die Stäbe Keramikstäbe, weil diese eine hohe Temperaturfestigkeit aufweisen und gegen die aufzubereitenden und aufbereiteten Gase resistent sind.This object is achieved by a cracking reactor in which an electrical resistance heating is provided to generate the cracking temperature. It is preferably designed as a flow tube and is provided as resistance heating in the interior of resistance-heated rods distributed over the flow cross section and extending in the flow direction. By distributing the bars across the cross-section, it is possible to create a large heating surface, which is not only on the edge of the reactor, whereby the carbonization gas to be cracked can be brought uniformly to the required temperature. The rods are preferably ceramic rods because they have a high temperature resistance and are resistant to the gases to be prepared and prepared.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Permanentgasen und Ruß aus Abfallstoffen, wobei die Abfallstoffe bei mäßig hoher Temperatur in einem Schwelreaktor verschwelt und die dabei entstehenden Schwelgase nachfolgend bei erhöhter Temperatur in einem Crackreaktor gecrackt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Erwärmung des-Crackreaktors auf Cracktemperatur durch elektrische Widerstandsbeheizung erfolgt.1. A process for the production of permanent gases and soot from waste materials, the waste materials carbonizing at a moderately high temperature in a smoldering reactor and the smoldering gases which are subsequently cracked at an elevated temperature in a cracking reactor, characterized in that the heating of the cracking reactor to cracking temperature is achieved by electrical resistance heating takes place. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die elektrische Leistung zur Widerstandsbeheizung thermostatisch gesteuert wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical power for resistance heating is controlled thermostatically. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die elektrische Energie aus dem Pyrolyseprozeß gewonnen wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrical energy is obtained from the pyrolysis process. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die elektrische Energie durch Verbrennung der gecrackten Schwelgase in einem einen elektischen Generator betreibenden Gasmotor erzeugt wird.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the electrical energy is generated by combustion of the cracked carbonization gases in a gas engine operating an electric generator. 5. Crackreaktor zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß zur Erzeugung der Cracktemperaturen eine elektrische Widerstandsbeheizung vorgesehen ist.5. Crack reactor for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that an electrical resistance heating is provided to generate the cracking temperatures. 6. Crackreaktor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß er als Strömungsrohr (1) ausgebildet ist und als elektrische Widerstandsbeheizung im Inneren über den Strömungsquerschnitt verteilte, in Strömungsrichtung verlaufende widerstandsbeheizte Stäbe vorgesehen sind.6. Cracking reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that it is designed as a flow tube (1) and as electrical resistance heating inside the flow cross-section, resistance-heated rods extending in the direction of flow are provided. 7. Crackreaktor nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stäbe über den Rohrquerschnitt gleichmäßig verteilt sind.7. Cracking reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that the rods are evenly distributed over the tube cross section.
EP80105223A 1979-09-04 1980-09-02 Process for producing permanent gases and soot from waste materials, and cracking reactor for carrying out this process Withdrawn EP0025205A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2935669 1979-09-04
DE19792935669 DE2935669C2 (en) 1979-09-04 1979-09-04 Resistance heated crack reactor for waste pyrolysis

Publications (1)

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EP0025205A1 true EP0025205A1 (en) 1981-03-18

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EP80105223A Withdrawn EP0025205A1 (en) 1979-09-04 1980-09-02 Process for producing permanent gases and soot from waste materials, and cracking reactor for carrying out this process

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JP (1) JPS5674184A (en)
DE (1) DE2935669C2 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2564371A1 (en) * 1984-05-16 1985-11-22 Jen Szu Jen Process for treating plastic waste
WO1994009087A1 (en) * 1992-10-19 1994-04-28 Austrian Industries Aktiengesellschaft Method for the production and purification of combustible gases
EP1077248A1 (en) * 1999-08-16 2001-02-21 Institut Francais Du Petrole Process and plant for the production of combustible gases from a feedstock rich in organic material
US11905173B2 (en) 2018-05-31 2024-02-20 Haldor Topsøe A/S Steam reforming heated by resistance heating

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3806365C1 (en) * 1988-02-27 1989-07-20 Veba Oel Entwicklungs-Gesellschaft Mbh, 4650 Gelsenkirchen, De
DE10033453B4 (en) 2000-07-10 2006-11-02 Herhof Verwaltungsgesellschaft Mbh Process and device for recycling substances and mixtures containing organic components

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1128850B (en) * 1960-04-23 1962-05-03 Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Process for the production of gas mixtures with a high content of olefins, in particular ethylene, from gaseous or vaporized hydrocarbons
DE2732418A1 (en) * 1977-07-18 1979-02-01 Linde Ag Thermal treatment of refuse - by low temp. carbonisation and passing gases through fixed ceramic bed
FR2408645A1 (en) * 1977-11-15 1979-06-08 Babcock Krauss Maffei Ind WASTE PYROLYSIS PROCESS

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DE2244753B1 (en) * 1972-09-08 1973-10-18 Mannesmann Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf Method and device for reinforcing gauze
GB1501729A (en) * 1974-05-06 1978-02-22 Redker Young Processes Inc Conversion of organic waste material
DE2432504B2 (en) * 1974-07-04 1976-12-16 Kiener, Karl, Dipl.-Ing., 7080 Goldshöfe PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING COMBUSTION GASES FROM COMPONENT DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING ETC.
US3984288A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-10-05 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method for treatment of rubber and plastic wastes
US4141794A (en) * 1976-06-25 1979-02-27 Occidental Petroleum Corporation Grid-wall pyrolysis reactor
US4030152A (en) * 1976-07-12 1977-06-21 Woodstream Corporation Automatically adjusting boat seat

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1128850B (en) * 1960-04-23 1962-05-03 Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Process for the production of gas mixtures with a high content of olefins, in particular ethylene, from gaseous or vaporized hydrocarbons
DE2732418A1 (en) * 1977-07-18 1979-02-01 Linde Ag Thermal treatment of refuse - by low temp. carbonisation and passing gases through fixed ceramic bed
FR2408645A1 (en) * 1977-11-15 1979-06-08 Babcock Krauss Maffei Ind WASTE PYROLYSIS PROCESS

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2564371A1 (en) * 1984-05-16 1985-11-22 Jen Szu Jen Process for treating plastic waste
WO1994009087A1 (en) * 1992-10-19 1994-04-28 Austrian Industries Aktiengesellschaft Method for the production and purification of combustible gases
EP1077248A1 (en) * 1999-08-16 2001-02-21 Institut Francais Du Petrole Process and plant for the production of combustible gases from a feedstock rich in organic material
FR2797642A1 (en) * 1999-08-16 2001-02-23 Inst Francais Du Petrole PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A COMBUSTIBLE GAS FROM A LOAD RICH IN ORGANIC MATTER
US11905173B2 (en) 2018-05-31 2024-02-20 Haldor Topsøe A/S Steam reforming heated by resistance heating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2935669A1 (en) 1981-03-12
JPS5674184A (en) 1981-06-19
DE2935669C2 (en) 1986-10-30

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Inventor name: THOMANETZ, ERWIN, DIPL.-CHEM.