EP0024217A1 - Process for producing a compacted powder metal part - Google Patents
Process for producing a compacted powder metal part Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0024217A1 EP0024217A1 EP80302885A EP80302885A EP0024217A1 EP 0024217 A1 EP0024217 A1 EP 0024217A1 EP 80302885 A EP80302885 A EP 80302885A EP 80302885 A EP80302885 A EP 80302885A EP 0024217 A1 EP0024217 A1 EP 0024217A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- process according
- composition
- powder metal
- range
- sintered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
Definitions
- This invention relates to a process for producing compacted powder metal parts from an Fe-Ni-Mn-Mo powder composition.
- a process for producing a powder metal part involving the steps of compacting a powder metal composition substantially comprising 1.0 - 2.5% Ni, 0.3 - 0.7% Mo, 0.15 - 0.30% Mn, 0.3 - 0.7% C, and 0.5 - 1.0% zinc stearate, the balance being Fe; and is characterised in that the composition additionally comprises substantially 0.5 to 1.5% Cu and in that the compressed part is sintered at a temperature ranging from about 2000°F to about 2150°F for about 15 to about 30 minutes in a furnace having a dew point ranging from about 20°F to about 61°F and under an endothermic atmosphere.
- the powder be compacted under sufficient pressure to form a part having a density ranging from about 6.4 g/cc to about 7.1 g/cc. Furthermore, a sintering temperature of about 2050°F with a dew point of about 30 - 35°F has been found to be very well suited for this process. Although many of the known endothermic type atmospheres can be used, it has been found that an atmosphere comprising nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon monoxide is preferred.
- the copper content is preferably substantially 0.75 - 1.0%.
- the carbon content is preferably 0.45 - 0.55%.
- the part may be cooled after sintering substantially at a cooling rate of 1.5 to 10OF per second.
- the compaction step may be carried out substantially at a pressure in the range of 28 to 50 t.s.i.
- a 1.25" x 0.5" x .25" transverse rupture bar was compacted at 50 tsi (tons per square inch) and sintered at 2050°F for 15 - 30 minutes, with a dew point of 35 0 - 55°F and under endothermic atmosphere. There was only 0.0006" shrinkage in length. After carbonitriding at 1550°F for 30 minutes, the bar was oil quenched and tempered at 350°F for one hour. There was only 0.0008" expansion.
- the samples of the disclosed composition resulting from Example I were found to have a transverse rupture strength of approximately 160,000 psi after sintering and a transverse rapture strength of approximately 200,000 psi after heat treating. This compares with a transverse rupture strength of approximately 141,000 psi for the known composition in the sintered condition and approximately 196,000 psi in the heated treated condition.
- the disclosed composition was found to have a fracture toughness as sintered of approximately 21,000 psi-in 1/2 and 23, 0 00 psi-in 1/2 in the heat treated condition. This compares with the known composition having a sintered fractured toughness of approximately 21,000 psi-in 1/2 both in the sintered and heat treated condition.
- the tensile strengths of samples made from the disclosed composition were measured and found to be 81,000 psi sintered and 125,000 psi heat treated whereas samples made from the known composition were found to be 75,000 psi and 110,000 psi respectively.
- composition was prepared having the following ingredients:
- composition was sintered in a moving belt sintering furnace under the following conditions:
- the properties of the sintered composition were as follows:
- composition was prepared having the following ingredients :
- the composition was sintered in a moving belt sintering rnace under the following conditions.
- the properties of the sintered composition were as follows :
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a process for producing compacted powder metal parts from an Fe-Ni-Mn-Mo powder composition.
- Many commercial powder metals are available for fabrication of metal parts by compacting, sintering, and heat treating. One of the more frequently used and readily available metal powders is manufactured and marketed by Hoeganaes Corp. of U.S.A. under the trade name 'Ancorsteel 4.600V. Although this metal powder when used in the fabrication of parts has shown good results, it has certain shortcomings which would be advantageous to eliminate. The specific composition of Ancorsteel 4600V is 1.8% Ni, 0.25% Mn, 0.5% Mo and the balance being Fe. This composition with appropriate amounts of carbon and zinc stearate will hereinafter be referred to as the known composition. It has been found that using this composition results in too much shrinkage during the sintering stage and the parts are generally difficult to machine. Obviously, it would be advantageous if these shortcomings could be eliminated without sacrificing the generally high strength and ductility possessed in parts made from such a metal powder composition.
- In accordance with the present invention, it has been found unusually advantageous to add a small quantity (i.e. 0.5 to 1.5% by weight) of copper to the known composition when metal parts are to be fabricated. Including the small quantity of copper to the known composition and processing parts made from these compositions in accordance with the process described hereinbelow has not only resulted in better machinability and reduction of shrinkage of the parts, but surprisingly has yielded parts with higher tensile strengths and higher toughness. The known composition having a small amount of copper added thereto will hereinafter be referred to as the disclosed composition. Furthermore, all percent composition figures mentioned herein are percent by weight unless stated otherwise.
- In accordance with this invention, there is provided a process for producing a powder metal part involving the steps of compacting a powder metal composition substantially comprising 1.0 - 2.5% Ni, 0.3 - 0.7% Mo, 0.15 - 0.30% Mn, 0.3 - 0.7% C, and 0.5 - 1.0% zinc stearate, the balance being Fe; and is characterised in that the composition additionally comprises substantially 0.5 to 1.5% Cu and in that the compressed part is sintered at a temperature ranging from about 2000°F to about 2150°F for about 15 to about 30 minutes in a furnace having a dew point ranging from about 20°F to about 61°F and under an endothermic atmosphere.
- It is preferred that the powder be compacted under sufficient pressure to form a part having a density ranging from about 6.4 g/cc to about 7.1 g/cc. Furthermore, a sintering temperature of about 2050°F with a dew point of about 30 - 35°F has been found to be very well suited for this process. Although many of the known endothermic type atmospheres can be used, it has been found that an atmosphere comprising nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon monoxide is preferred.
- The copper content is preferably substantially 0.75 - 1.0%. The carbon content is preferably 0.45 - 0.55%. The part may be cooled after sintering substantially at a cooling rate of 1.5 to 10OF per second. The compaction step may be carried out substantially at a pressure in the range of 28 to 50 t.s.i.
- Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described.
- It has been found that adding an amount in the range 0.5 - 1.5% copper to known metal powder mixtures of 1.0 - 2.5% Ni, 0.15 - 0.30% Mn, 0.3 - 0.7% Mo, 0.3 - 0.7% C and 0.5 - 1.0% zinc stearate, the balance being iron, has resulted in a metal powder which, when compacted, sintered and heat treated, results in a metal part having unusually and surprisingly good properties. This is particularly true of the metal part that results from the sintering stage. As is known, it is advantageous to have a sintered piece with high strength as the same may be subjected to stresses during the heat treat stage.
- In adding the copper to the known composition and sintering in accordance with the process described herein, it was found that the tensile strength increased after heat treating and the fracture toughness increased after heat treating. With regard to machineability, it was found that drill bits used to machine the heat treated products made in accordance with this invention lasted from 50 - 100% longer than those used to machine products made in like manner but from the known composition.
- A 1.25" x 0.5" x .25" transverse rupture bar was compacted at 50 tsi (tons per square inch) and sintered at 2050°F for 15 - 30 minutes, with a dew point of 350 - 55°F and under endothermic atmosphere. There was only 0.0006" shrinkage in length. After carbonitriding at 1550°F for 30 minutes, the bar was oil quenched and tempered at 350°F for one hour. There was only 0.0008" expansion.
- In addition to maintaining stable dimensions, high strength and touchness was also achieved.
- A number of samples having the above dimensions from both the known and the disclosed compositions were made by the process described above. In one series of tests the percentages of ingredients (except copper) as stated above were kept constant and the amount of copper was varied from 0.77 to 1.22%. In another series of tests the percentages of ingedients (except carbon) were kept constant as stated above and the carbon content was varied from 0.35 to 0.55%. All such samples of the disclosed composition were found to give superior results.
- The samples of the disclosed composition resulting from Example I were found to have a transverse rupture strength of approximately 160,000 psi after sintering and a transverse rapture strength of approximately 200,000 psi after heat treating. This compares with a transverse rupture strength of approximately 141,000 psi for the known composition in the sintered condition and approximately 196,000 psi in the heated treated condition. The disclosed composition was found to have a fracture toughness as sintered of approximately 21,000 psi-in1/2 and 23,000 psi-in1/2 in the heat treated condition. This compares with the known composition having a sintered fractured toughness of approximately 21,000 psi-in1/2 both in the sintered and heat treated condition.
- With respect to machineability, a test was run wherein a drill bit with a load of 24 lbs. was applied to the above samples and rotated at a speed of 1,000 RPM. These loads were applied to samples which had a thickness of approximately 1/4". For the disclosed composition it was found that approximately 11 seconds .were required to drill through a sample and for the known composition approximately 15 seconds were required. Even more significant was that the drill bit showed considerably more wear after drilling through the known composition than it did after drilling through the disclosed composition.
- The tensile strengths of samples made from the disclosed composition were measured and found to be 81,000 psi sintered and 125,000 psi heat treated whereas samples made from the known composition were found to be 75,000 psi and 110,000 psi respectively.
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- It will be seen from the foregoing disclosure that substantially better results are achieved by making parts using the composition having 0.5 - 1.5% of copper added thereto, and by employing the sintering process as disclosed. These findings have been unexpected and gratifying, in that desirable increased physical properties have been obtained without undue complexity or expense of processing.
- In the second and third paragraph of this specification, reference is made to the known composition. Said known composition is the subject of European Patent Application No. 79-302280.7 published under number 10442 on 30th April, 1980.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US6824879A | 1979-08-20 | 1979-08-20 | |
US68248 | 1979-08-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0024217A1 true EP0024217A1 (en) | 1981-02-25 |
EP0024217B1 EP0024217B1 (en) | 1984-07-11 |
Family
ID=22081348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80302885A Expired EP0024217B1 (en) | 1979-08-20 | 1980-08-20 | Process for producing a compacted powder metal part |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0024217B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5669351A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6137380A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8005201A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1166043A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3068524D1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4101292A1 (en) * | 1990-01-17 | 1991-07-18 | Quebec Metal Powders Ltd | DETACH-FREE METALLURGICAL POWDER MIXTURES USING A POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE BINDING AGENT |
WO1992022395A1 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-23 | Höganäs Ab | Iron-based powder composition having good dimensional stability after sintering |
WO2008153499A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-18 | Höganäs Ab (Publ) | Iron-based powder and composition thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MY153686A (en) * | 2009-08-17 | 2015-03-13 | Univ Sains Malaysia | A process for producing a metal-matrix composite of significant ?cte between the hard base-metal and the soft matrix |
CN107419186A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-12-01 | 张家港振江粉末冶金制品有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of helical gear |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1492601A (en) * | 1966-09-13 | 1967-08-18 | Hoganas Billesholms Ab | Process for manufacturing low alloy powder and powder thus obtained |
FR2331406A1 (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1977-06-10 | Bsa Sintered Components Ltd | MIXTURE OF METAL POWDERS |
DE2752484A1 (en) * | 1976-12-30 | 1978-07-06 | Textron Inc | FLANGE BEARING CARTRIDGE OR BEARING FLANGE |
FR2392134A1 (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1978-12-22 | British Steel Corp | ALLIED STEEL POWDERS |
FR2397904A1 (en) * | 1977-07-20 | 1979-02-16 | Brico Eng | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF ARTICLES FROM SINED METAL AND ARTICLES THEREFORE OBTAINED |
US4170474A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1979-10-09 | Pitney-Bowes | Powder metal composition |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE7828214U1 (en) * | 1978-09-22 | 1979-01-04 | Britax (Wingard) Ltd., Chichester, Sussex (Grossbritannien) | LATCH FOR CONNECTING SEAT BELTS |
-
1980
- 1980-08-08 CA CA000357866A patent/CA1166043A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-12 AU AU61373/80A patent/AU6137380A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1980-08-18 BR BR8005201A patent/BR8005201A/en unknown
- 1980-08-19 JP JP11393680A patent/JPS5669351A/en active Pending
- 1980-08-20 EP EP80302885A patent/EP0024217B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-20 DE DE8080302885T patent/DE3068524D1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1492601A (en) * | 1966-09-13 | 1967-08-18 | Hoganas Billesholms Ab | Process for manufacturing low alloy powder and powder thus obtained |
FR2331406A1 (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1977-06-10 | Bsa Sintered Components Ltd | MIXTURE OF METAL POWDERS |
FR2392134A1 (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1978-12-22 | British Steel Corp | ALLIED STEEL POWDERS |
DE2752484A1 (en) * | 1976-12-30 | 1978-07-06 | Textron Inc | FLANGE BEARING CARTRIDGE OR BEARING FLANGE |
FR2397904A1 (en) * | 1977-07-20 | 1979-02-16 | Brico Eng | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF ARTICLES FROM SINED METAL AND ARTICLES THEREFORE OBTAINED |
US4170474A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1979-10-09 | Pitney-Bowes | Powder metal composition |
EP0010442A1 (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-04-30 | Pitney Bowes, Inc. | Powder metal composition |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4101292A1 (en) * | 1990-01-17 | 1991-07-18 | Quebec Metal Powders Ltd | DETACH-FREE METALLURGICAL POWDER MIXTURES USING A POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE BINDING AGENT |
WO1992022395A1 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-23 | Höganäs Ab | Iron-based powder composition having good dimensional stability after sintering |
US5567890A (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1996-10-22 | Hoganas Ab | Iron-based powder composition having good dimensional stability after sintering |
WO2008153499A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-18 | Höganäs Ab (Publ) | Iron-based powder and composition thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3068524D1 (en) | 1984-08-16 |
EP0024217B1 (en) | 1984-07-11 |
BR8005201A (en) | 1981-03-04 |
JPS5669351A (en) | 1981-06-10 |
CA1166043A (en) | 1984-04-24 |
AU6137380A (en) | 1981-02-26 |
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