EP0021589B1 - Bouchon d'étrésillon récupérable et procédé pour obturer un tubage de puits avec ce bouchon - Google Patents

Bouchon d'étrésillon récupérable et procédé pour obturer un tubage de puits avec ce bouchon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0021589B1
EP0021589B1 EP80301600A EP80301600A EP0021589B1 EP 0021589 B1 EP0021589 B1 EP 0021589B1 EP 80301600 A EP80301600 A EP 80301600A EP 80301600 A EP80301600 A EP 80301600A EP 0021589 B1 EP0021589 B1 EP 0021589B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mandrel
tool
members
casing
packing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80301600A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0021589A1 (fr
Inventor
Monty Earle Harris
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Chemical Co
Original Assignee
Dow Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Chemical Co filed Critical Dow Chemical Co
Publication of EP0021589A1 publication Critical patent/EP0021589A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0021589B1 publication Critical patent/EP0021589B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/129—Packers; Plugs with mechanical slips for hooking into the casing
    • E21B33/1291—Packers; Plugs with mechanical slips for hooking into the casing anchor set by wedge or cam in combination with frictional effect, using so-called drag-blocks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a packer-type bridge plug which is retrievable from a well casing.
  • the tools now available for plugging the well casing are not entirely satisfactory in that they are difficult to use and costly to maintain.
  • one of the commercially available plugging tools has an extremely complex structure which includes many parts. The complexity of the structure and the large number of parts makes it relatively easy to overlook a defective part during reconditioning of the tool between operations.
  • This same tool is also built with a substantial number of 0-ring seals which adds to the problem of fluid leakage in a downhole tool.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3094169 discloses a retrievable bridge plug tool for a well casing which includes the following features:
  • bridge packing tool which includes means for applying a positive downward force against the cone and for preventing the slip members from releasing and unloading the packing elements when the tool is in the set position.
  • the present invention provides a bridge plug tool capable of plugging off a well casing and thereafter being retrievable from the well casing, the tool comprising:
  • the packer-type bridge plug of this invention is particularly useful for temporarily plugging off a well casing. Following performance of a downhole operation, the bridge plug can be retrieved from the well casing and reconditioned for further use.
  • the tool of the present invention comprises an elongate mandrel, which is enclosed by a group of upper and lower components to make up the complete tool.
  • On the mandrel itself is an integral shoulder member and two separate thread segments.
  • the upper component group includes a coupling means, a cone member, and a packing elements positioned between the coupling means and the cone member.
  • the upper part of the tool has a packing sleeve which fastens into the coupling means, and a compression sleeve positioned between the packing sleeve and the mandrel.
  • the lower components enclosing the mandrel include a set of lock members, a set of control members, and a retainer means for the lock members and control members.
  • One of the thread segments on the mandrel is adapted to engage the lock members during one phase of the tool operation.
  • a second thread segment on the mandrel is adapted to engage the control members.
  • a set of slip members are mounted on the retainer means. These slip members are adapted to slide upwardly on the cone as the cone moves downwardly. Also mounted on the retainer means is a set of drag blocks. As the tool is lowered into the well casing, the drag blocks are adapted to push outwardly and drag against the inside of the well casing.
  • the present invention also provides a method for temporarily plugging of a well casing with a bridge plug tool of the above-described type which method comprising the steps of:
  • the letter T generally indicates the tool of this invention which is adapted to be lowered into a well casing 22 and which is made up of an elongate mandrel 10, which is enclosed by upper and lower components.
  • a coupling means which includes a top coupling 11, a center coupling 12, and a lower coupling 13.
  • the top coupling 11 is threaded onto the top end of center coupling 12 and the lower coupling 13 is threaded to the bottom end of the center coupling 12.
  • the center coupling 12 has at least one vent opening 14 therein. In actual practice more than one vent opening may be used which communicates with a space 15 defined between the center coupling 12 and mandrel 10. Near the center of the tool, the mandrel is enclosed by a cone 16. A group of four lengthwise slots 17 are machined into the outside surface of the cone 16.
  • a gauge ring 18 is threaded over the top end of cone 16.
  • a group of three packing elements, a top element 19, center element 20, and bottom element 21, are sandwiched between the bottom edge of lower coupling 13 and the top edge of gauge ring 18.
  • the packing elements are made of a rubber composition, with the top and bottom elements having the same resiliency and the center element having a softer or more resilient structure.
  • the center element is made of a softer structure to enable the packing elements to compress sufficiently to form a good seal against the inside surface of the well casing 22 when the tool is put into its set position.
  • the packing elements 19, 20, and 21 are held in place on the tool by a packing sleeve 23.
  • the top end of sleeve 23 is threaded into the lower coupling 13 so that the sleeve remains fixed at the top end.
  • the lower end of the packing sleeve 23 is slidable lengthwise within a space 24 defined between cone 16 and mandrel 10.
  • Figure 2 the tool is shown as it appears when in the set position. In this position the packing sleeve moves downwardly to seat against an inside shoulder 25 on cone 16.
  • a compression sleeve 26 is positioned between the packing sleeve 23 and mandrel 10.
  • the top end of sleeve 26 is defined by a head portion, similar to a piston head.
  • An 0-ring 27 in the head portion forms a seal with the inside wall of the center coupling 12.
  • Mandrel 10 Near the top end of mandrel 10 is an integral shoulder member 10a.
  • a needle bearing assembly 28 is positioned between the mandrel shoulder and an inside shoulder 12a on coupling 12. The purpose of the bearing 28 is to prevent excessive wear between the underside of the mandrel shoulder 10a and the inside shoulder 12a on coupling 12 during rotatipnal movement of the mandrel.
  • Mandrel 10 also includes two integral but separate threaded segments located at the lower part of the mandrel. The first segment 29 is a left-hand male thread and the second thread segment 30 is a right-hand male thread positioned below the left-hand thread 29.
  • One of the lower components of the bridge plug tool is a set of four control members 31, only one of which is shown in the drawing.
  • the right-hand male thread 30 engages a corresponding female thread on the control members 31.
  • Another part of the lower component structure is provided by a set of four lock members 32, ohly two of which are shown in the drawing.
  • the left-hand male thread 29 on the mandrel is adapted to engage the corresponding female threads 33 on each of the lock members 32.
  • the threads 29 are disengaged from the threads 33 on the lock members.
  • the lock members 32 are held against the mandrel 10 by a pair of garter springs 34.
  • a housing 35 which encloses and retains the lock members 32, is another part of the lower component structure.
  • a set of four slip members 36 provides means for gripping the inside of the well casing 22. Only one of the slip members is shown in the drawing. The bottom end of each slip member is secured to the lock member housing 35 by a link connector 37 which allows each of the slip members to slide up and down in the longitudinal slot 17 on the outside surface of cone 16.
  • the lower component structure also includes a drag block housing 38 and a retainer collar 39.
  • the drag block housing 38 is threadedly secured to the threaded bottom end of the lock member housing 35 while collar 39 is threadedly secured to the bottom end of the drag block housing.
  • the combined structure of the housings 35 and 38 and collar 39 provide a means for retaining the lock members 32 and control members 31 in position on the mandrel 10.
  • a coil spring 40 is fitted between the collar 39 and each control member 31 to hold the control member in contact with mandrel 10.
  • a set of four drag blocks 41 provides means for centering the tool in the well casing 22. Only one of the drag blocks is shown in the drawing. These blocks, which are always in contact with the casing wall during raising and lowering of the tool also provide a means for resisting downward movement of the tool while it is in the set position (as shown in Figure 2).
  • the drag blocks 41 are held in place on housing 38 by an upper retainer ring 42 and a lower retainer ring 43.
  • a pair of coil springs 44 and 45 are fitted between each drag block and the housing 38. These springs provide a biasing force to push the drag blocks outwardly against the well casing 22.
  • the invention can be illustrated by describing a typical operation in which the bridge plug tool is used to temporarily plug off a well casing.
  • the mandrel 10 is normally connected to a transition piece at its upper end which, in turn, is connected to a J-slot bypass, a retrieving head and a tubing string.
  • the tubing string, retrieving head, bypass and transition piece are not shown in the drawing.
  • the bridge plug tool is lowered into the well casing 22 until it reaches the point where the casing is to be plugged off.
  • the mandrel 10 During this running-in step it is critical that the mandrel 10 not be allowed to move either up or down within the tool structure. If the mandrel were allowed to shift during the running-in step, it would assume a position in which the slips and the packing elements could not be actuated to engage the inside of the well casing.
  • the mandrel is put in a locked position during the running-in step, as illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the threads 30 are in engagement with the corresponding threads on the control members 31.
  • the shoulder 10a at the top of the mandrel is positioned between the top coupling 11 and the bearing assembly 28.
  • the tool is put into a neutral or unengaged position. This is done by rotating the mandrel clockwise until the threads 30 move down far enough to disengage from the corresponding threads on the control members 31.
  • the operator on the rig floor applies a weight on the tubing string to force the mandrel downwardly until the threads 29 engage the threads 33 on the lock members 32, by a racheting action.
  • the tool of this invention is also provided with a compression sleeve 26 for applying a positive downward force against the cone 16. This downward force prevents the slip members 36 from releasing and unloading the packing elements 19, 20 and 21, when the tool is in the set position.
  • the lower end of the compression sleeve 26 is positioned above the inside shoulder 25 on cone 16.
  • the head portion at the top of compression sleeve 26 moves down only slightly within the space 15, which is defined between the center coupling 12 and lower coupling 13.
  • compression sleeve 26 The function of compression sleeve 26 is to utilize the bottom hole fluid pressure as a reserve force to prevent the cone 16 from moving upwardly and causing the slip members 36 to expand outwardly against the casing.
  • bottom hole fluid the fluid below the packing elements
  • the fluid pushes up against the lower packing element 21.
  • the fluid pushes against the packing element, it is forced through a restricted space defined between cone 16 and the mandrel 10, and between the compression sleeve 26 and the mandrel.
  • the upwardly moving fluid reaches the top of the compression sleeve, it pushes down on the top face of the compression sleeve head to force the lower end of the compression sleeve downwardly against shoulder 25 on cone 16.
  • the vent opening 14 in the center coupling 12 provides an outlet for the fluid which becomes trapped in the space 15 below the head of sleeve 26 as the compression sleeve moves downwardly.
  • the tubing string (not shown) is disconnected from the mandrel so that the desired downhole operation can be performed.
  • the tubing string is lowered into the casing until the retrieving head engages the J-slot bypass (not shown).
  • Rotation of the mandrel 10 in a clockwise direction causes the mandrel to move upwardly and disengage the left-hand threads 29 from the corresponding left-hand threads 33 on the lock members 32.
  • the right-hand threads 30 will engage the corresponding right-hand threads of the control members 31. This puts the mandrel back into its locked position so that it is secured against any longitudinal shift.
  • the tool of this invention has certain features which give it a distinct advantage over many of the tools now used to plug off a casing.
  • One of these features is that the present tool requires very few 0-ring seals.
  • the only sealing rings required with the tool of the present invention include 0-ring seals 46 and 47, positioned between the mandrel 10 and couplings 11 and 12.
  • Two other 0-ring seals, 48 and 49 are positioned between the compression sleeve 26 and coupling 13, and between the packing sleeve 23 and coupling 13.
  • the gauge ring 18 provides another improved feature which permits using packing elements of different sizes on the same bridge plug tool. This is done by providing gauge rings of different sizes, each ring being designed to accommodate packing elements of a specific size. The use of interchangeable gauge rings therefore enables the tool to be used in casings of different sizes without the inconvenience of having to assemble a "new" tool each time.
  • Another mechanical feature is a means for connecting the bridge plug tool, through the tubing string, to a weight indicator (not shown) on the rig floor.
  • the weight indicator allows the operator on the rig floor to determine at all times where the tool is located in the well casing, and whether the tool is in the set position, or the neutral position.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Outil de bouchon d'étrésillon permettant d'obturer un tubage de puits et pouvant ensuite être récupéré de ce tubage de puits, cet outil comprenant:
un mandrin allongé (10) comportant un épaulement (10a), et un premier (29) et un second (30) segments filetés, mutuellement espacés;
le mandrin étant enfermé par des composants supérieurs qui comprennent un moyen d'accouplement (11, 12, 13) une pièce conique (16), des éléments de garniture (19, 20, 21 ) qui sont portés par un manchon de garniture (23) et qui sont disposés entre le moyen d'accouplement et la pièce conique;
le mandrin étant enfermé par des composants inférieurs qui comprennent un jeu d'éléments de verrouillage (32) pouvant s'engager sur le premier segment fileté (29) du mandrin, un jeu d'éléments de commande (31) pouvant s'engager sur le second segment fileté (30) du mandrin, et des moyens de retenue (35, 39) pour maintenir les éléments de verrouillage et les éléments de commande en place sur l'outil;
un jeu de coins grippeurs (36) qui sont montés sur le moyen de retenue (35) des éléments de verrouillage et qui sont conçus pour s'engager en coulissant sur la pièce conique (16) pendant le mouvement de descente de la pièce conique;
un jeu de blocs traînants (41) qui sont montés sur les moyens de retenue et qui sont conçus pour exercer une poussée dirigée vers l'extérieur contre la paroi intérieure du tubage de puits lorsque l'on fait descendre l'outil dans ledit tubage, caractérisé en ce que
ledit manchon de garniture (23) est fixé aux moyens d'accouplement (11, 12, 13), et un manchon de compression (26) est disposé entre le manchon de garniture (23) et le mandrin (10), ledit manchon de compression pouvant être déplacé vers le bas par la pression du fluide qui se trouve au fond du forage, en empêchant ladite pièce conique (16) de se déplacer vers le haut lorsque l'outil occupe sa position fixée.
2. Outil tel qu'il est revendiqué dans la revendication 1, dans lequel l'extrémité supérieure du manchon de garniture (23) est fixée aux moyens d'accouplement (11, 12, 13) et l'extrémité inférieure dudit manchon peut coulisser dans le sens longitudinal dans un espace (24) ménagé entre la pièce conique (16) et le mandrin (10) pour comprimer les éléments de garniture (19, 21) entre le moyen d'accouplement et la pièce conique (16).
3. Outil tel qu'il est revendiqué dans la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, comportant un roulement (28) disposé entre l'épaulement du mandrin (10a) et un épaulement (12a) formé sur le moyen d'accouplement.
4. Outil tel qu'il est revendiqué dans l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le manchon de compression (26) peut coulisser dans le sens longitudinal dans un espace (24) ménagé entre le mandrin (10) et la pièce conique (16), le manchon de garniture, et le moyen d'accouplement.
5. Procédé d'obturation temporaire d'un tubage de puits à l'aide d'un outil de bouchon d'étrésillon tel qu'il est revendiqué dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, ce procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes:
faire descendre l'outil dans le tubage jusqu'à un point voulu pour l'obturation du tubage;
positionner le mandrin pendant la descente, de telle sorte que le premier segment fileté (29) se dégage des éléments de verrouillage (32) et que le second segment fileté (30) s'engage totalement sur les éléments de commande (31);
faire tourner le mandrin pour amener le mandrin à se déplacer vers le bas et dégager le mandrin des éléments de commande;
exercer une pesée sur le mandrin à partir d'un point situé au-dessus de l'outil pour amener le mandrin à se déplacer davantage vers le bas et engager le premier segment fileté du mandrin sur les éléments de verrouillage;
forcer la pièce conique (16) de l'outil à se déplacer vers le bas contre le jeu de coins grippeurs (36) pour amener les coins grippeurs à se déplacer vers l'extérieur et à s'appliquer contre la paroi intérieure du tubage;
comprimer un jeu d'éléments de garniture (19, 21 ) entre la pièce conique (16) et le moyen d'accouplement de l'outil, de façon à amener les éléments à se dilater et à s'appliquer contre la paroi intérieure de tubage;
faire tourner le mandrin pour amener le mandrin à se déplacer vers le haut et à dégager le premier segment fileté des éléments de verrouillage et à engager le second segment fileté sur les éléments de commande, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque l'outil occupe sa position fixée, un manchon de compression (26) est amené, par la pression du fluide qui se trouve au-dessous des éléments de garniture (19, 21) à appliquer une force dirigée vers le bas contre la pièce conique (16), et, lorsque l'outil doit être libéré, le manchon (23) est amené à s'engager sur la pièce conique (16) et à la tirer vers le haut;
le jeu de coins grippeurs (36) est autorisé à coulisser vers le bas sur la pièce conique (16) et à se libérer ainsi de la paroi du tubage;
le moyen d'accouplement est amené à se déplacer vers le haut du fait de son engagement sur un épaulement (10a) du mandrin pour rétracter les éléments de garniture et libérer lesdits éléments de garniture de la paroi du tubage, et
l'outil est extrait du tubage de puits.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, qui comporte l'étape suivante:
amener un manchon de garniture (23) qui est fixé à l'élément d'accouplement à venir prendre appui sur la pièce conique et à forcer cette pièce conique à se déplacer vers le bas après que les coins grippeurs et les éléments de garniture ont été appliqués contre la paroi du tubage.
7. Procédé tel qu'il est revendiqué dans la revendication 5 ou la revendication 6, dans lequel le premier segment fileté du mandrin s'engage sur des moyens filetés correspondants des éléments de verrouillage par un effet de rochet tandis que le mandrin se déplace vers le bas.
EP80301600A 1979-06-11 1980-05-16 Bouchon d'étrésillon récupérable et procédé pour obturer un tubage de puits avec ce bouchon Expired EP0021589B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/047,401 US4274489A (en) 1979-06-11 1979-06-11 Retrievable bridge plug and method of setting
US47401 1979-06-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0021589A1 EP0021589A1 (fr) 1981-01-07
EP0021589B1 true EP0021589B1 (fr) 1984-10-10

Family

ID=21948754

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80301600A Expired EP0021589B1 (fr) 1979-06-11 1980-05-16 Bouchon d'étrésillon récupérable et procédé pour obturer un tubage de puits avec ce bouchon

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4274489A (fr)
EP (1) EP0021589B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1136038A (fr)
DE (1) DE3069402D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2051183B (fr)
IE (1) IE49609B1 (fr)
SG (1) SG16483G (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4336841A (en) * 1980-11-17 1982-06-29 Camco, Incorporated Mechanical tubing anchor
US5492173A (en) * 1993-03-10 1996-02-20 Halliburton Company Plug or lock for use in oil field tubular members and an operating system therefor
US7363967B2 (en) * 2004-05-03 2008-04-29 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Downhole tool with navigation system
US20060213656A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Clifton Harold D Rotational set well packer device
CN101550815B (zh) * 2009-04-08 2012-05-30 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种封堵油管的桥塞
US8505623B2 (en) * 2009-08-11 2013-08-13 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Retrievable bridge plug
US8408290B2 (en) * 2009-10-05 2013-04-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Interchangeable drillable tool
US10253605B2 (en) * 2012-08-27 2019-04-09 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Constructed annular safety valve element package
CN102979496B (zh) * 2012-11-14 2015-06-03 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 连续油管多层压裂酸化工艺管柱及其使用方法
US20190153808A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-23 Geodynamics, Inc. Plug slip ring with retaining mechanism and method
CN108843269B (zh) * 2018-06-29 2019-05-03 门雨晴 一种便装式组合胶筒桥塞

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2831542A (en) * 1953-01-19 1958-04-22 Lynes Inc Locking assembly for treating and testing tools
US3094169A (en) * 1958-08-08 1963-06-18 Martin B Conrad Retrievable packer
US3131764A (en) * 1961-12-11 1964-05-05 Baker Oil Tools Inc High temperature packer for well bores
US3279542A (en) * 1964-02-17 1966-10-18 Cicero C Brown Anchoring means assembly
US3702634A (en) * 1970-06-10 1972-11-14 Halliburton Co Retrievable packer apparatus for use in a well bore and method of prolonging its operating life

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1136038A (fr) 1982-11-23
GB2051183A (en) 1981-01-14
IE49609B1 (en) 1985-10-30
SG16483G (en) 1983-12-16
DE3069402D1 (en) 1984-11-15
GB2051183B (en) 1982-12-22
US4274489A (en) 1981-06-23
IE801190L (en) 1980-12-11
EP0021589A1 (fr) 1981-01-07

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