EP0017434A1 - Cup-shaped containers and method and apparatus for manufacturing them - Google Patents
Cup-shaped containers and method and apparatus for manufacturing them Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0017434A1 EP0017434A1 EP80300961A EP80300961A EP0017434A1 EP 0017434 A1 EP0017434 A1 EP 0017434A1 EP 80300961 A EP80300961 A EP 80300961A EP 80300961 A EP80300961 A EP 80300961A EP 0017434 A1 EP0017434 A1 EP 0017434A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- cylindrical wall
- ironing
- mandrel
- bead
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/28—Deep-drawing of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/30—Deep-drawing to finish articles formed by deep-drawing
Definitions
- a two-piece can sometimes referred to as a "seamless" can, wherein the body and the base are integrally formed by drawing and wall-ironing from a blank of metal, to form a one-piece cup-shaped container, which is trimmed at the rim and finally capped after filling. It is usual for such a cup-shaped container to be made in three operations. A shallow cup-shaped blank is formed in a first operation from a flat blank. This shaped blank is then subjected to drawing and wall-ironing and the third operation is cutting off the rim margin with a knife to form a cup - shaped container of standard length.
- Such cans have the advantages that leakage and consequent food contamination are less likely to occur, since seams are considerably reduced as compared with the traditional can.
- the two-piece cans are more aesthetically pleasing to the eye and are easier to stack end to end.
- the apparatus preferably includes trimming means provided near the groove co-operable with the wall ironing die for trimming the rim of the extended cylindrical wall.
- the trimming means advantageously, has a trimming edge radially aligned with an edge of the groove, so that the bead immediately adjoins the free end of the trimmed cylindrical wall.
- the mandrel 50 is advanced together with the sleeve 54 towards and into engagement with a blank 13 held in the cradle 42.
- the sleeve and the mandrel enter _ the open end of the blank and the sleeve deforms the cylindrical wall 15 of the blank and urges it against the rebated wall of the drawing die 21.
- the mandrel 50 continues to move relative to the sleeve 54 and pushes the blank through the drawing die, so that the blank is reshaped to the mandrel with a base of reduced diameter a cylindrical wall of increased length. This process is illustrated in Figure lb.
- the mandrel 50 continues to advance and forces the re-shaped blank 13 through the first wall-ironing die 22. This process thins and lengthens the cylindrical wall of the blank along the mandrel, as is apparent from Figure lc.
- the mandrel continues to force the blank through the second wall-ironing die 23, as shown in Figure ld, and this further thins and lengthens the cylindrical wall to its final length.
- the invention may be applied to cans of materials other than tin coated steel, such as aluminium or aluminium alloy.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a cup-shaped container, a method of making such a container and apparatus for carrying out the method.
- Cup-shaped containers made of metal are commonly used to make cans for containing and storing foods and liquids. There are two main types of such cans. Firstly, there is the traditional three-piece can comprising a cylindrical body rolled from a sheet of metal and seamed down the side. This body is capped at one end by a separate disc-shaped base, made of sheet metal and crimped and seamed to the cylindrical body, to form a cup-shaped container. After filling of the container, the opposite end of the body is similarly capped.
- In recent years there has been developed a two-piece can, sometimes referred to as a "seamless" can, wherein the body and the base are integrally formed by drawing and wall-ironing from a blank of metal, to form a one-piece cup-shaped container, which is trimmed at the rim and finally capped after filling. It is usual for such a cup-shaped container to be made in three operations. A shallow cup-shaped blank is formed in a first operation from a flat blank. This shaped blank is then subjected to drawing and wall-ironing and the third operation is cutting off the rim margin with a knife to form a cup - shaped container of standard length. Such cans have the advantages that leakage and consequent food contamination are less likely to occur, since seams are considerably reduced as compared with the traditional can. In addition, the two-piece cans are more aesthetically pleasing to the eye and are easier to stack end to end.
- A problem that arises in the manufacture of the one-piece cup-shaped containers is that longitudinal splits occasionally develop in the cylindrical wall of the container. Such splits, if not detected, may result in a can which is liable to leakage and contamination of the contents. Variation occurs in quality of the metal used for making cans and this problem manifests itself particularly with poorer quality metal.
- It has now been found that these splits begin at the rim and spread along the body wall of the cup-shaped container and it has surprisingly been discovered that the incidence of splitting can be very considerably reduced by forming an area of increased strength adjacent the rim.
- The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a one-piece cup-shaped container, comprising wall-ironing a blank having a base and a cylindrical wall, so as to extend the length of the cylindrical wall, forming an integral inner circumferential bead on the cylindrical wall towards the end of the wall-ironing operation, and trimming the rim of the cylindrical wall near the bead. Preferably, the trimming step is effected by continuing the wall-ironing operation past a cutting edge.
- It has been found that the formation of this bead, which may project by only 0.06 mm for example, strengthens the rim sufficiently to reduce very considerably the incidence of splitting of the cylindrical wall.
- It is preferred that the trimming step is carried out immediately adjoining the bead. This reduces the risk of the trimming step inducing splits in the rim of the container.
- Preferably the drawing, wall-ironing and trimming steps are carried out sequentially by means of a punch which forces the blank through drawing, wall-ironing and trimming dies and serves as a mandrel. This permits very rapid manufacture of the cup-shaped container.
- The forming of the bead is preferably effected by the wall-ironing step causing material of the cylindrical wall to flow into a groove around the mandrel.
- The invention also resides in wall-ironing apparatus for use in manufacturing a one-piece, cup-shaped, metal container from a pre-shaped blank having a base and a cylindrical wall, the apparatus comprising a mandrel insertable within the cylindrical wall and an annular wall-ironing die for ironing the cylindrical wall along the mandrel to extend the length of the cylindrical wall, characterised in that a circumferential groove is provided around the mandrel near the rim-forming portion of the mandrel, whereby an integral inner circumferential bead is formed on the cylindrical wall near the rim by relative movement of the mandrel and the ironing die.
- The apparatus preferably includes trimming means provided near the groove co-operable with the wall ironing die for trimming the rim of the extended cylindrical wall. The trimming means, advantageously, has a trimming edge radially aligned with an edge of the groove, so that the bead immediately adjoins the free end of the trimmed cylindrical wall.
- The invention also resides in a one-piece metal, cup-shaped container having a base and an integral elongate cylindrical wall, in which the cylindrical wall has been extended by wall-ironing and trimmed to provide a container of predetermined length, the cylindrical wall having an integral inner circumferential bead formed near the rim.
- Reference is now made to the accompanying drawings, wherein :-
- Figure la to le are sectional views of parts of apparatus for manufacturing a cup-shaped container, showing various steps during such manufacture;
- Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a part of the apparatus in the position shown in Figure le; and
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of the apparatus showing the input of blanks and output of up-shaped containers.
- The apparatus shown in the Figures is for manufacture of a one-piece, cup-shaped, steel container suitable for making a can. The
container 10, as shown in Figure le and 3 comprises abase 11 and an integralcylindrical wall 12. To make a can, the container is further processed to form an outstanding flange at the rim and, after filling, a lid is sealed to the rim. - The container is made from a dish-shaped blank 13, as shown in Figures la, and 3, which is preformed by a drawing step from a flat blank of low-carbon, cold rolled, tin- coated steel in known manner. This blank has a base 14 and a shallow
cylindrical wall 15. The apparatus carries out a series of forming steps in rapid succession to form acontainer 10. - The apparatus comprises a body 20 (Figure 3), which mounts in fixed, spaced locations, a drawing die 21, a first wall-ironing die 22, a second wall-ironing die 23 and an impression die 24 (Figure la).
- The
drawing die 21 is annular and formed with an inner circumferential radiussed rebate 25, which snugly receives the base 14 of a blank 13, as shown in Figure la. The drawing die 21 is supported by an outer ring 26 of complementary form. - The first wall-
ironing die 22 is annular and has a frusto-conical inner surface 28-leading to a cylindrical, inner surface 29 of slightly smaller diameter than that of thedrawing die 21. The die 22 is supported by anouter ring 30. - The second wall-
ironing die 23 is similarly annular and has a frusto-conicalinner surface 31 leading to a cylindrical,inner surface 32 of slightly smaller diameter than that of the first wall-ironingdie 22. The die 23 is supported by anouter ring 33. - The impression die is a block held in a recess in a
cup 34 and formed withcircular depressions 35. Thecup 34 is slidable in ahousing 37 under pneumatic pressure. Therings housing 37 are fixed in the body 20 (figure 3) which has aninlet 40 forblanks 13 and an outlet (not shown but located beneath the gap between the second wall-ironing die and the block 35) for thecontainers 10. - Beneath the outlet is a conveyor 41 for removing the containers. Beneath the inlet (as shown in Figure la) is a
cradle 42 into which theblanks 13 are fed gravitationally and individually. Aguide 44 receives the blanks and means (not shown) is provided in known manner for catching the blanks and releasing them individually. - The apparatus includes a mandrel (or punch) 50 of cylindrical form and fixed to a
hollow piston rod 55 which may be reciprocated by a hydraulic ram (or mechanical ;crank). The mandrel has anend face 52 formed complementary to theformations 35 on the impression die 24. The mandrel is received within asleeve 54, there being an annular gap between the mandrel and the sleeve. The sleeve is slidable on a piston (not shown) to which the piston rod is secured. The outer surface of thepiston rod 55 supports a severingdie 56. The severing die has a sharp edge formed adjacent anannular groove 57 around the mandrel. The groove is defined by a rebate in the mandrel and an end wall of thepiston rod 55 supporting the severingdie 56, so that the sharp edge thereof is radially aligned with an edge of the groove. - The
sleeve 54 is complementary to the rebate 25 in the drawing die 21 and is advanceable to engage in this rebate. The sleeve may, in known manner, have a resilient connection with the piston (not shown), so that on advancement of the piston to advance the mandrel, the sleeve is advanced until it is stopped by engagement with the drawing die, when the resilient connection permits continued movement of the mandrel. - In operation, the
mandrel 50 is advanced together with thesleeve 54 towards and into engagement with a blank 13 held in thecradle 42. The sleeve and the mandrel enter _ the open end of the blank and the sleeve deforms thecylindrical wall 15 of the blank and urges it against the rebated wall of thedrawing die 21. Themandrel 50 continues to move relative to thesleeve 54 and pushes the blank through the drawing die, so that the blank is reshaped to the mandrel with a base of reduced diameter a cylindrical wall of increased length. This process is illustrated in Figure lb. - The
mandrel 50 continues to advance and forces the re-shaped blank 13 through the first wall-ironingdie 22. This process thins and lengthens the cylindrical wall of the blank along the mandrel, as is apparent from Figure lc. The mandrel continues to force the blank through the second wall-ironingdie 23, as shown in Figure ld, and this further thins and lengthens the cylindrical wall to its final length. - Finally the
cup 34 is pneumatically moved in thehousing 37 to urge the impression die 24 against theend 52 of the mandrel (as shown in Figure le), to form circular ridges in the base. - As the
mandrel 50 comes to the end of its movement, the frusto-conical surface 31 of the second wall-ironing die co-operates with the sharp edge of the severing die 56 to trim a rim portion of the cylindrical wall, so that the wall is cut to a predetermined length. - Before the severing step occurs, the second wall-ironing die causes the metal of the
cylindrical wall 12 of the container to flow into thegroove 57, so that an inner bead is formed around the rim of the container. The cylindrical wall is severed immediately adjacent the bead. Figure 2 more clearly shows the formation of thisbead 60 and the severing step, which removes a trim 61. - The
mandrel 50 is then retracted and the inherent resilience of thecontainer 10 causes the cylindrical wall to open out slightly, so that thebead 60 is retracted from thegroove 57 and the rim engages theend face 62 of the second wall-ironing die, thereby preventing retraction of the container. The container falls through the outlet onto the conveyor 41 and the trim 61 also falls away into a collection bin. - The depth of the
groove 57 is, preferably,sufficient to permit formation of abead 60, which stands proud of thecylindrical wall 12 by 0.06 to 0.07 mm. The width (i.e. the dimension parallel to the container axis) of the groove and of the bead is between 0.7 and 1.5 mm and preferably about 1 mm. - The severing, or trimming step may be carried out in a separate operation on a separate trimming machine.
- The provision of the bead is extremely important in preventing the container from beginning to split longitudinally from the rim. The bead significantly increases the rim strength without noticeably increasing the weight of the container. It is possible, therefore, for a container to be made with thinner walls than is usual without any greater risk of splitting.
- A number of containers made according to the above process were tested for splitting by placing the open end of each on a 600 cone and applying an increasing compressive force to the can until the can split at the rim. Comparative tests were carried out on a similar number of similar cans which were not provided with beads at their rims. The means and standard deviations of the tests are tabulated below :
- The invention may be applied to cans of materials other than tin coated steel, such as aluminium or aluminium alloy.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB7912327 | 1979-04-07 | ||
GB7912327 | 1979-04-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0017434A1 true EP0017434A1 (en) | 1980-10-15 |
EP0017434B1 EP0017434B1 (en) | 1983-03-23 |
Family
ID=10504428
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80300961A Expired EP0017434B1 (en) | 1979-04-07 | 1980-03-27 | Cup-shaped containers and method and apparatus for manufacturing them |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0017434B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5715980A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3062402D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES490321A0 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2510916A1 (en) * | 1981-08-07 | 1983-02-11 | American Can Co | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING PIECES BY STAMPING |
GB2258834A (en) * | 1991-08-05 | 1993-02-24 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for ironing and trimming cylindrical portion of workpiece, using stepped punch and die |
GB2259880A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-31 | Decorpart Ltd | Apparatus and method for press forming of articles |
US8661686B2 (en) | 2003-09-16 | 2014-03-04 | Ntn Corporation | Method of manufacturing a shell type needle roller bearing including drawing and ironing operations |
CN113490557A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-10-08 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | Redraw and ironing system |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE582448C (en) * | 1930-07-16 | 1933-08-15 | Epos Aluminium Werk E Pfaendle | Cold drawing process for aluminum sheet for the production of containers or the like with an upper reinforcement edge |
DE1602538A1 (en) * | 1967-06-16 | 1970-03-05 | Rasselstein Ag | Device for trimming deep-drawn and then ironed hollow bodies |
US3610018A (en) * | 1969-01-31 | 1971-10-05 | Nat Steel Corp | Reinforced wall-ironed container and manufacture |
DE2256334A1 (en) * | 1972-11-16 | 1974-05-22 | Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren | PROCESS FOR STRETCH-SLIDING HOLLOW BODIES |
CH550620A (en) * | 1972-02-11 | 1974-06-28 | Km Engineering Ag | PROCESS FOR THE CHANDELESS MANUFACTURING OF CONTAINERS FROM A DEEP DRAWABLE METAL. |
DE2508828A1 (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1975-10-02 | Yoshizaki Kozo | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DEEP-DRAWING A CUP-SHAPED OBJECT |
GB1467707A (en) * | 1973-10-31 | 1977-03-23 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | Process and apparatus for preparation of thin walled cylindrical vessels |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2503828C3 (en) * | 1975-01-30 | 1983-04-21 | Friedrich Reiner Telefonfabrik | Permanent dynamic electroacoustic transducer capsule |
-
1980
- 1980-03-27 DE DE8080300961T patent/DE3062402D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-27 EP EP80300961A patent/EP0017434B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-04-03 AU AU57159/80A patent/AU5715980A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1980-04-07 ES ES490321A patent/ES490321A0/en active Granted
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE582448C (en) * | 1930-07-16 | 1933-08-15 | Epos Aluminium Werk E Pfaendle | Cold drawing process for aluminum sheet for the production of containers or the like with an upper reinforcement edge |
DE1602538A1 (en) * | 1967-06-16 | 1970-03-05 | Rasselstein Ag | Device for trimming deep-drawn and then ironed hollow bodies |
US3610018A (en) * | 1969-01-31 | 1971-10-05 | Nat Steel Corp | Reinforced wall-ironed container and manufacture |
CH550620A (en) * | 1972-02-11 | 1974-06-28 | Km Engineering Ag | PROCESS FOR THE CHANDELESS MANUFACTURING OF CONTAINERS FROM A DEEP DRAWABLE METAL. |
DE2256334A1 (en) * | 1972-11-16 | 1974-05-22 | Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren | PROCESS FOR STRETCH-SLIDING HOLLOW BODIES |
GB1467707A (en) * | 1973-10-31 | 1977-03-23 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | Process and apparatus for preparation of thin walled cylindrical vessels |
DE2508828A1 (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1975-10-02 | Yoshizaki Kozo | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DEEP-DRAWING A CUP-SHAPED OBJECT |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2510916A1 (en) * | 1981-08-07 | 1983-02-11 | American Can Co | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING PIECES BY STAMPING |
GB2258834A (en) * | 1991-08-05 | 1993-02-24 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for ironing and trimming cylindrical portion of workpiece, using stepped punch and die |
US5287713A (en) * | 1991-08-05 | 1994-02-22 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for ironing and trimming cylindrical portion of workpiece, using stepped punch and die having tapered die hole |
GB2258834B (en) * | 1991-08-05 | 1994-04-27 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for ironing and trimming cylindrical portion of workpiece,using stepped punch and die having tapered die hole |
GB2259880A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-31 | Decorpart Ltd | Apparatus and method for press forming of articles |
GB2259880B (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1994-12-21 | Decorpart Ltd | Apparatus and methods for press forming of articles |
US8661686B2 (en) | 2003-09-16 | 2014-03-04 | Ntn Corporation | Method of manufacturing a shell type needle roller bearing including drawing and ironing operations |
CN113490557A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-10-08 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | Redraw and ironing system |
CN113490557B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2024-01-02 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | Redraw and ironing system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES8104733A1 (en) | 1981-04-16 |
DE3062402D1 (en) | 1983-04-28 |
ES490321A0 (en) | 1981-04-16 |
AU5715980A (en) | 1980-10-09 |
EP0017434B1 (en) | 1983-03-23 |
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