EP0015849A1 - Aero-hydraulischer Umkehr-Generator - Google Patents

Aero-hydraulischer Umkehr-Generator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0015849A1
EP0015849A1 EP80400312A EP80400312A EP0015849A1 EP 0015849 A1 EP0015849 A1 EP 0015849A1 EP 80400312 A EP80400312 A EP 80400312A EP 80400312 A EP80400312 A EP 80400312A EP 0015849 A1 EP0015849 A1 EP 0015849A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine
hydraulic
aero
reversible
module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP80400312A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Edmond Girard
Robert Rey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messier SA
Original Assignee
Messier SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messier SA filed Critical Messier SA
Publication of EP0015849A1 publication Critical patent/EP0015849A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B21/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
    • F01B21/04—Combinations of two or more machines or engines the machines or engines being not all of reciprocating-piston type, e.g. of reciprocating steam engine with steam turbine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a particularly advantageous alternative embodiment of the reversible aero-hydraulic generator which was the subject of French patent application no. 2 416 341. It will be recalled that in this previous application, the aim which we proposed to '' was to design an assembly called a reversible aero-hydraulic generator, capable of operating in a turbopump or a motor-compressor, and particularly intended for energy recovery from heat energy at low temperature.
  • This generator is made up of two elements: a hydraulic pump crossed by a hydraulic flow and an axial turbine crossed by an aerolic flow.
  • the pump and the turbine are joined in the extension of one another and coupled by their respective shafts in order to drive inside a single sleeve capable of being inserted, by means of end flanges , on a pipe of a primary fluid, in the gaseous state or in the vapor phase, the sleeve being crossed in the radial direction, by an inlet and outlet pipe of a secondary fluid in the liquid or vapor phase, supplying the pump.
  • the turbine of the generator according to this previous application comprises at least one pair of paddle wheels, one wheel or stator, disposed on the side of the pump, is secured by its periphery to the sleeve and carries a sealed ball bearing constituting a bearing for the 'turbine shaft, and the other wheel, or rotor, is integral with the shaft, the blades of the rotors and stators having an identical profile but an inverted timing.
  • the generator according to the previous application has the advantage of not allowing any leakage to the outside due to the single sleeve in which the pump and turbine are housed.
  • such a generator In its application to energy recovery, taken from the change of state of a refrigerant with low boiling point, such a generator allows, by a suitable combination of the number of stages of the turbine, the height of the blades and their profile, to carry out this recovery from a low temperature steam, having a small temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the turbine.
  • the above-mentioned prior application also relates to installations for recovering the heat energy dissipated by a hot source and collected, in a boiler or evaporator, by a primary fluid, the vapor of which passes through at least one aero-hydraulic generator according to this same previous request, will drive the turbine, which itself will drive the hydraulic pump in order to supply, under pressurized hydraulic fluid, at least one hydraulic receiver which will deliver, in mechanical form, recovered energy.
  • the primary fluid of the installation will advantageously be a refrigerant with low boiling point.
  • the aforementioned previous application also relates to heat energy recovery installations, comprising at least one heat pump, and in which the aero-hydraulic generator according to this same previous application, operating in a motor-compressor group, will ensure the role of the compressor.
  • the heat pump driven by the hydraulic motor supplied with pressurized hydraulic fluid from a pump external to the generator.
  • the object which it is proposed to achieve by the present invention is to increase the power capable of being delivered by an aero-hydraulic generator of this type, recovered from heat energy, by using for this a series of turbines mounted in series. Indeed, if the fluid inlet temperature is increased while maintaining the outlet temperature, it is advantageous to group several turbines in series to improve the power delivered by the generator from the heat energy transported in the primary fluid .
  • the generator according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises several sleeves mounted in series, each of these sleeves enveloping a module consisting of a hydraulic pump and an axial turbine coupled and coupled by their respective shafts inside of their common sleeve, and in that each module is independent of any other module.
  • each sleeve consists of two parts capable of being joined to one another: a part corresponding to a divergent which envelops the turbine and the other part, formed into a body of revolution, surrounding the hydraulic pump.
  • the various sleeves can be mounted in series as an extension of each other, around a common axis, the body of revolution of each of the sleeves, with the exception of the first, being directly connected to the diverging portion of the adjacent sleeve upstream, but it is also possible that the sleeves mounted in series are not in line with one another, at least one connecting elbow being disposed between the body of revolution of at least one of the sleeves, with the exception of the first, and of the divergence of the adjacent sleeve upstream, so that the generator can be installed following a particular contour.
  • a ring is placed axially between two turbines and radially between the pump and the body of revolution so as to channel the fluid from one turbine to the other, thus avoiding any turbulence that the fluid could have.
  • the first fixed wheel of each turbine is constructed of a material having higher mechanical characteristics so as to withstand the axial forces of the shaft, transmitted by a bearing.
  • the generator is also characterized in that the body of revolution of the first assembly as well as a body of revolution located behind the last sleeve, but positioned in reverse, are shaped as a connection with, on the one hand, the inlet pipe primary fluid and, on the other hand, the outlet pipe, to which the generator is connected.
  • the speed of rotation of the shafts of the different turbines increases from the first to the last module, so that the generator can be given a cylindrical external shape, although the divergences are increasing, the increase in the volume flow rate of the primary fluid from one assembly to another being compensated by a simultaneous increase in the cross-sections and in the rotational speeds.
  • the generator essentially consists of three assemblies mounted in series, joined to one another, and each consisting of a sleeve 1, enveloping a module comprising a hydraulic pump 2 of the type gear, and an axial turbine 3.
  • Each sleeve 1 is itself composed of two parts capable of being secured at the end of one another, one of these parts, shaped as a body of revolution 4, surrounding the pump 2 of the corresponding module, and the other part, of cylindrical external shape, being internally shaped as a divergent and surrounding the turbine 3, this second part consisting of a divergent 5 surrounded by a cylindrical casing 6, as it appears - would be detailed in FIG.
  • the body of revolution 4 of the first sleeve 1 is shaped as a connection fitting to the fluid supply pipe motor, and the three assemblies are joined to one another so that, for each of them, the pump 2 is upstream and the turbine 3 is downstream. Downstream of the last assembly, the generator finally comprises an additional body of revolution 4, shaped as a connection to the engine fluid delivery pipe.
  • the bodies of revolution 4, acting as an upstream and downstream connection can be of cylindrical shape, if the supply and discharge pipes are cylindrical and have substantially the same diameter as the diverging parts of the generator which, themselves , as will appear below, are of the same external diameter. However, generally, the external diameter of the diverging points of the generator being different from the diameter of the pipes between which the generator is installed, the bodies of revolution 4 acting as upstream and downstream connections have a generally frustoconical shape, and are arranged in opposite direction to each other.
  • Figure 1 there is shown a generator to be installed on a line of working fluid with a diameter smaller than that of the cylindrical central part of the generator.
  • the body 4 acting as an upstream connection is installed in divergence, in the direction of flow, while the body 4 acting as a downstream connection is installed in a convergent manner.
  • the upstream and downstream connections are cylindrical, divergent or convergent, they each surround a warhead 7, the downstream warhead, disposed at the rear of the turbine of the last set, and secured by lugs radial 8 at the connection which surrounds it, being arranged in the opposite direction to the upstream warhead, which envelops the pump 2 of the first assembly, so that the upstream connection defines with the warhead 7 upstream a converging inlet vein of the working fluid towards the first turbine 3, in order to increase the speed of the working fluid, the convergence of this inlet duct being able to be reinforced at the end downstream of the upstream fitting, itself shaped as a converging 9 and that the downstream fitting defines with the downstream warhead 7 a divergent outlet stream of the working fluid, the presence of the warheads 7 preventing
  • the bodies of revolution 4 other than those acting as upstream and downstream connections have a cylindrical outer shape, with a diameter close to that of the diverging lines 5, and are internally shaped as a converging shape.
  • Each turbine stage consists of two paddle wheels, one of which, the stator, is fixed e relative to the divergent, and the other, the rotor, is rotated inside the divergent 5, the stators being disposed on the side of the pump 2 relative to the rotors.
  • Each of the stators 16, 17 and 18, belonging respectively on the first, second and third stage, is secured by its periphery to the divergent 5 by means of screws 19.
  • the first fixed wheel 16 of each turbine 3 is made of a material with higher mechanical characteristics due to the fact that the shoulder of the wheel 16 receives the axial forces from the shaft 20 of the turbine 3.
  • the wheels 16 and 18 are mounted on ball bearings 21 and 22 respectively, and the rotors 23, 24 and 25 are keyed onto the shaft 20 of the turbine 3 and are interposed with the stators 16, 17 and 18; stators and rotors being positioned axially on the shaft 20 by means of the shoulder 26 of the shaft 20, of the spacer 27 of the bearings 21 and 22, as well as the elements 28 and 29 screwed onto the ends of the shaft 20.
  • the profile internal of the sleeve 1 vis-à-vis the stages of the turbine 3 being a divergent 5, the blade wheels 16, 23, 17, 24, 18, 25, have a correspondingly increasing diameter.
  • the stators 16, 17, 18, and the rotors, 23, 24, 25, are respectively provided with blades 31 and 32 having an identical profile but an inverted wedging.
  • the shaft 20 of the turbine 3 is directly coupled to the shaft 33 of the pump 2, so that each module consisting of a pump 2 and a turbine 3 is independent of any other module, the common shaft being able to take up operation a rotation speed specific to this module.
  • a ring 34, bearing on the spacer 30 of the hydraulic pump 2 is arranged axia Lement between the last wheel of the turbine 3 of the adjacent assembly upstream and the first wheel 16 of the turbine 3 of the assembly considered, and, radially, between the body of revolution 4 and the pump 2 of this assembly; this ring 34 delimiting with the converging internal profile of the body of revolution 4 a convergent flow stream of the fluid leaving the turbine of the adjacent assembly upstream towards the inlet of the turbine of the assembly considered, in order to increase the speed of the working fluid, and avoiding the development of turbulence around each of the pumps 2 located between two turbines 3.
  • the diverging lines 5 are arranged so that they have an angle of divergence which increases from the first to last diverging 5 of the generator, while the bodies of revolution 4, of cylindrical external shape, internally have an angle of convergence which is decreasing from one to the other and from upstream to downstream.
  • the generator operates in the following manner: the working fluid, entering the generator through the converging vein defined between the first body 4 and the warhead 7 which it surrounds, successively drives the rotors of the first , second then third turbines 3, gradually expanding, its speed being increased between two consecutive turbines 3 due to the converging veins defined by the bodies 4 and the rings 34.
  • the rotation of the rotors of each of the turbines 3 independent of the other two, is transmitted by the shaft 20 to the shaft 33 of the corresponding pump 2, which will discharge under pressure via the outlet pipe 35 a secondary fluid supplied by the supply pipe 36, the two pipes 35 and 36 tra pouring the ring 34 radially as well as the body 4 surrounding the pump 2.
  • a generator according to FIG. 1 can deliver a power of the order of 10 KW by the third turbine, driven at around 6000 rpm, a power of around 6 KW by the second turbine, driven at around 5500 rpm, and a power of around 3 KW by the first turbine, driven at around 4000 rpm, the working fluid leaving the generator at a temperature of the order of 26 ° C.
  • the generator can operate in a motor-compressor group, the pump 2 operating as a motor driving the rotors of the turbine 3 which then acts as a compressor.
  • Such an aero-hydraulic generator can advantageously equip all the installations envisaged in French patent application No. 2,416,341, as well as the installation described in patent application No. 79/02482 in the name of the Applicant, in which the generator according to the present invention will take the place of the engine of the steam engine at low temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
EP80400312A 1979-03-09 1980-03-07 Aero-hydraulischer Umkehr-Generator Ceased EP0015849A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7906051 1979-03-09
FR7906051A FR2450943A2 (fr) 1979-03-09 1979-03-09 Generateur aero-hydraulique reversible et installations de recuperation de chaleur comprenant un tel generateur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0015849A1 true EP0015849A1 (de) 1980-09-17

Family

ID=9222939

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80400312A Ceased EP0015849A1 (de) 1979-03-09 1980-03-07 Aero-hydraulischer Umkehr-Generator

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0015849A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2450943A2 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR710516A (fr) * 1930-01-27 1931-08-24 Ljungstroms Angturbin Ab Groupe compresseur à commande par turbine
US2022781A (en) * 1934-08-07 1935-12-03 Gulf Res & Dev Corp Deep well pumping and pumps
US2739756A (en) * 1952-03-07 1956-03-27 Worthington Corp Turbo-compressor
DE1021552B (de) * 1954-04-24 1957-12-27 Ottensener Eisenwerk Ag Turbo-Lufterhitzer
US3910728A (en) * 1973-11-15 1975-10-07 Albert H Sloan Dewatering pump apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR710516A (fr) * 1930-01-27 1931-08-24 Ljungstroms Angturbin Ab Groupe compresseur à commande par turbine
US2022781A (en) * 1934-08-07 1935-12-03 Gulf Res & Dev Corp Deep well pumping and pumps
US2739756A (en) * 1952-03-07 1956-03-27 Worthington Corp Turbo-compressor
DE1021552B (de) * 1954-04-24 1957-12-27 Ottensener Eisenwerk Ag Turbo-Lufterhitzer
US3910728A (en) * 1973-11-15 1975-10-07 Albert H Sloan Dewatering pump apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2450943B2 (de) 1983-11-18
FR2450943A2 (fr) 1980-10-03

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE CH DE GB IT

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19801216

18R Application refused

Effective date: 19820426

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: GIRARD, EDMOND

Inventor name: REY, ROBERT