EP0011611B1 - Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011611B1
EP0011611B1 EP19790890048 EP79890048A EP0011611B1 EP 0011611 B1 EP0011611 B1 EP 0011611B1 EP 19790890048 EP19790890048 EP 19790890048 EP 79890048 A EP79890048 A EP 79890048A EP 0011611 B1 EP0011611 B1 EP 0011611B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
tappet
fuel injection
nozzle
injection system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19790890048
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0011611A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Rathmayr
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Friedmann and Maier AG
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Friedmann and Maier AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0011611A1 publication Critical patent/EP0011611A1/en
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Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M39/00—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus with respect to engines; Pump drives adapted to such arrangements
    • F02M39/02—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus to facilitate the driving of pumps; Arrangements of fuel-injection pumps; Pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/023—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive mechanical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection system for injection internal combustion engines, in which a separate injection unit (pump-nozzle unit) is provided for each engine cylinder, each having an injection nozzle and a pump piston guided in a pump piston sleeve and driven by a pump camshaft, the axis of the pump camshaft the axis of the pump-nozzle unit intersects at least approximately, and the cam of the pump camshaft acts directly on a plunger engaging the pump piston, and the pump camshaft is arranged within a tunnel-like housing fixed on the motor cylinder head and detachably connected to it.
  • a separate injection unit pump-nozzle unit
  • Such fuel injection systems have the advantage in multi-cylinder engines compared to multi-digit injection pumps that injection pressure lines are omitted and therefore the injection law is not distorted by the elastic expandability of the lines.
  • the disadvantage of such fuel injection systems, in which a pump-nozzle unit is used directly in the cylinder, is the complexity of the drive.
  • the drive of such pump-nozzle units is usually derived from cams located on the engine camshaft, the drive from the cam being effected via a tappet, a bumper and a rocker arm on the pump-nozzle unit.
  • the invention now aims to simplify the assembly and adjustment of the individual pump-nozzle units and to improve the accessibility of the pump-nozzle units in the event of a rapid exchange in the case of defective pump-nozzle units.
  • the invention essentially consists in that the pump camshaft is mounted in the tunnel-like housing fixed on the engine cylinder. Characterized in that the pump camshaft is mounted in the attachable tunnel-like housing, the pump-nozzle units are immediately accessible after removing the tunnel-like housing and a separate removal of the pump camshaft bearings with the associated risk of contamination is unnecessary.
  • the pump-nozzle units can be inserted into the engine cylinder head and the camshaft with the housing can then be attached.
  • the tappet which is designed as a roller tappet or sliding tappet, can be guided in the housing of the pump-nozzle unit.
  • the plunger is connected to the housing of the pump-nozzle unit to form a single component, which can be used as such.
  • the housing of the pump-nozzle unit is expediently supported in the region of the slide of the tappet in the cylinder head, a fastening element for fastening in the motor-cylinder head also being arranged in the region of the tappet guide on the housing of the pump-nozzle unit.
  • the guiding of the tappet which is designed as a roller or sliding tappet, can also be provided in the housing part in which the pump camshaft is mounted;
  • the camshaft in the housing seated tappet seals the camshaft-receiving cavity, so that now during assembly work, when this housing is removed, the camshaft-receiving cavity is closed and secured against the ingress of contaminants and foreign bodies.
  • the plunger in the plunger guide is expediently secured against falling out by a stop element, for example by a resilient ring that tensions to the outside.
  • a fastening element for fastening it to the engine cylinder head is expediently arranged on the housing of the pump-nozzle unit outside the region of the tappet guide between the nozzle body and control intervention, so that the pump-nozzle unit is also secured to the engine cylinder head independently of the housing part receiving the camshaft is.
  • compensating elements for compensating the manufacturing tolerances can be provided between the tappet and the pump piston.
  • these compensating elements can be formed by interchangeable and stackable platelets or by fixable screws or screw nuts.
  • Fig. 1 shows a partial cross section through the cylinder head with the pump-nozzle element used perpendicular to the camshaft.
  • Fig. 2 shows another embodiment, also in cross section through the cylinder head,
  • Fig. 3 shows a side view of the engine with attached housing for the camshaft.
  • 1 represents the cylinder head
  • 2 the combustion chamber of the cylinder
  • 3 the pump-nozzle unit inserted in the cylinder head
  • 4 is the housing of the pump-nozzle unit
  • 5 is the injection nozzle
  • 30 is a machined collar on the housing 4, through which the housing 4 is supported laterally in a bore 31 in the cylinder head 1.
  • the housing 4 has claws 32 on both sides, through which screws 33 are passed, which are screwed into the cylinder head 1. These claws 32 and screws 33 form fastening elements for clamping the pume nozzle unit 3 in the cylinder head.
  • a tunnel-shaped housing 6 is placed on the cylinder head and is screwed to the cylinder head 1 by means of screws 7.
  • a camshaft 8 is mounted, which is common to all pump-nozzle units to which a number of engine cylinders are assigned.
  • the cams are designated 9.
  • a roller tappet 10 is axially displaceably mounted, on which the cam 9 acts directly.
  • 11 is the drive wheel of the camshaft, which is driven by a toothed belt 12.
  • a space 13 which is separated from the cooling water space 34 by a wall 35.
  • 14 is a fuel line, from which lines 15 lead to each pump-nozzle unit.
  • 16 is the control rod of a unit injector.
  • levers 20 are fastened by means of screws 19, which engage the control rods 16 via connecting pieces 21, which are displaceably guided in the levers 20 .
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in that the roller tappet 22 is guided in the tunnel-shaped housing part 23 in which the camshaft is mounted.
  • the housing part 23 is equipped with a guide bore 24.
  • the housing part 23 is again clamped to the cylinder head 1 by means of screws 7.
  • 25 is the injection pump piston which protrudes from the housing 26 of the unit injector and 27 is the return spring.
  • 28 is an externally exciting spring washer which is inserted into a groove in the guide bore 24 and secures the roller tappet 22 from falling out when the housing part 23 is removed.
  • b is the distance of the bottom of the roller tappet from the center of the base circle of the cam and a is the distance of the piston 25 from the upper edge of the housing 26.
  • the dimension c is the thickness of the plate 29 and this thickness is chosen so that tolerance inaccuracies are compensated for. If necessary, a plurality of such plates 29 can also be stacked one above the other in order to achieve the correct size.
  • the space 13 and the accessories arranged in this space are designed in the same way as in FIG. 1.
  • the fastening elements for fastening the housing 26 are arranged in the space 13 between the control rod 16 and the nozzle 5 on the housing 26 .
  • These fastening elements which are not shown in FIG. 1, can be designed in an analogous manner to the claws 32 and the screws 33, only these claws being arranged between the control rod 16 and the nozzle 5 on the housing 26 and the screws into the wall 35 are screwed in.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Brennstoffeinspritzanlage für Einspritzbrennkraftmaschinen, bei welchen für jeden Motorzylinder eine gesonderte Einspritzeinheit (Pumpe-Düse-Einheit) vorgesehen ist, welche je eine Einspritzdüse und einen in einer Pumpenkolbenbüchse geführten von einer Pumpennockenwelle angetriebenen Pumpenkolben aufweist, wobei die Achse der Pumpennockenwelle die Achse der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit zumindest angenähert schneidet, und die Nocke der Pumpennockenwelle unmittelbar auf einen an dem Pumpenkolben angreifenden Stößel einwirkt, und die Pumpennockenwelle innerhalb eines auf dem Motorzylinderkopf festgelegten und mit diesem lösbar verbundenen tunnelartigen Gehäuse angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a fuel injection system for injection internal combustion engines, in which a separate injection unit (pump-nozzle unit) is provided for each engine cylinder, each having an injection nozzle and a pump piston guided in a pump piston sleeve and driven by a pump camshaft, the axis of the pump camshaft the axis of the pump-nozzle unit intersects at least approximately, and the cam of the pump camshaft acts directly on a plunger engaging the pump piston, and the pump camshaft is arranged within a tunnel-like housing fixed on the motor cylinder head and detachably connected to it.

Solche Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen haben bei Mehrzylindermotoren gegenüber mehrstelligen Einspritzpumpen den Vorteil, daß Einspritzdruckleitungen wegfallen und daher das Einspritzgesetz nicht durch die elastische Aufweitbarkeit der Leitungen verzerrt wird. Der Nachteil solcher Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen, bei welchen eine Pumpe-Düse-Einheit im Zylinder unmittelbar eingesetzt ist, besteht in der Aufwendigkeit des Antriebes. Der Antrieb solcher Pumpe-Düse-Einheiten wird üblicherweise von auf der Motornokkenwelle sitzenden Nocken abgeleitet, wobei der Antrieb vom Nocken über einen Stößel, eine Stoßstange und einen Kipphebel auf die Pumpe-Düse-Einheit erfolgt. Abgesehen davon, daß eine solche Antriebsanordnung kompliziert ist, wird auch wieder hier durch die Elastizität der einzelnen Teile des Antriebes das Einspritzgesetz verzerrt, und um einen möglichst starren Antrieb zu erreichen, müssen die Teile des Antriebes stark ausgebildet werden, wodurch wieder große Massenkräfte entstehen. Diese Massenkräfte müssen durch die Rückholfeder in der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit überwunden werden und es ist daher auch eine verhältnismäßig starke Ausbildung der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit erforderlich. Diese Nachteile lassen sich durch eine für den Antrieb der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit dienende Pumpennockenwelle im Bereich des von der Düse abgewendete Ende der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit beseitigen, wobei die Achse der Pumpennockenwelle die Achse der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit zumindest angenähert schneidet, wobei die Nocke der Pumpennockenwelle unmittelbar auf einen an dem Pumpenkolben angreifenden Stößel einwirkt. Auf diese Weise werden Kraftübertragungsteile eingespart und es wird das Gewicht der hin- und hergehenden Massen auf ein Minimum, nämlich auf das Gewicht des Stößels und des Pumpenkolbens reduziert. Es wird eine präzisere Einhaltung des Einspritzgesetzes ermöglicht. Die Rückholfeder der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit kann verhältnismäßig schwach bemessen sein, so daß sich auch kleine Baumaße für die Pumpe-Düse-Einheit ergeben. Bei in Reihe angeordneten Motorzylindern ist es vorteilhaft, eine gemeinsame Nockenwelle für alle Pumpe-Düse-Einheiten einer Motorzylinderreiche vorzusehen, deren Achse die Achsen aller dieser Pumpe-Düse-Einheiten zumindest angenähert schneidet. Aus der DE-A-2719228 ist bereits eine Brennstoffeinspritzanlage der eingangs genannten Art bekannt geworden, bei welcher die Pumpennockenwelle von einem am Motorzylinderkopf festlegbaren Gehäuse übergriffen ist. Auf diese Weise wird die Nockenwelle vor Verschmutzung gesichert und kann einwandfrei geschmiert werden, wobei gleichzeitig eine Geräuschdämmung erreicht werden kann. Bei den bekannten Ausführungen wurde jedoch dem Umstand in keiner Weise Rechnung getragen, daß bei einem Schadhaftwerden einzelner Pumpe-Düse-Einheiten ein einfacher Austausch solcher schadhafter Einheiten möglich sein soll.Such fuel injection systems have the advantage in multi-cylinder engines compared to multi-digit injection pumps that injection pressure lines are omitted and therefore the injection law is not distorted by the elastic expandability of the lines. The disadvantage of such fuel injection systems, in which a pump-nozzle unit is used directly in the cylinder, is the complexity of the drive. The drive of such pump-nozzle units is usually derived from cams located on the engine camshaft, the drive from the cam being effected via a tappet, a bumper and a rocker arm on the pump-nozzle unit. Apart from the fact that such a drive arrangement is complicated, the injection law is distorted again by the elasticity of the individual parts of the drive, and in order to achieve a drive that is as rigid as possible, the parts of the drive must be strongly trained, which again creates large inertial forces. These inertia forces have to be overcome by the return spring in the pump-nozzle unit and therefore a relatively strong design of the pump-nozzle unit is required. These disadvantages can be eliminated by a pump camshaft serving to drive the pump-nozzle unit in the region of the end of the pump-nozzle unit facing away from the nozzle, the axis of the pump camshaft intersecting the axis of the pump-nozzle unit at least approximately. wherein the cam of the pump camshaft acts directly on a plunger engaging the pump piston. In this way, power transmission parts are saved and the weight of the reciprocating masses is reduced to a minimum, namely to the weight of the tappet and the pump piston. A more precise compliance with the injection law is made possible. The return spring of the pump-nozzle unit can be relatively weak, so that there are also small dimensions for the pump-nozzle unit. In the case of engine cylinders arranged in series, it is advantageous to provide a common camshaft for all pump-injector units of an engine cylinder range, the axis of which intersects the axes of all these pump-injector units at least approximately. DE-A-2719228 has already disclosed a fuel injection system of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the pump camshaft is overlapped by a housing which can be fixed on the engine cylinder head. In this way, the camshaft is secured against contamination and can be lubricated properly, while noise insulation can be achieved at the same time. In the known designs, however, no account has been taken of the fact that a simple replacement of such defective units should be possible if individual pump-nozzle units become defective.

Die Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, die Montage und Justierung der einzelnen Pumpe-Düse-Einheiten zu vereinfachen und die Zugänglichkeit der Pumpe-Düse-Einheiten für den Fall eines raschen Austausches bei schadhaften Pumpe-Düse-Einheiten zu verbessern.The invention now aims to simplify the assembly and adjustment of the individual pump-nozzle units and to improve the accessibility of the pump-nozzle units in the event of a rapid exchange in the case of defective pump-nozzle units.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht die Erfindung im wesentlichen darin, daß die Pumpennockenwelle in dem auf dem Motorzylinder festgelegten tunnelartigen Gehäuse gelagert ist. Dadurch, daß die Pumpennockenwelle in dem aufsetzbaren tunnelartigen Gehäuse gelagert ist, sind die Pumpen-Düsen-Einheiten nach Abnahme des tunnelartigen Gehäuses unmittelbar zugänglich und es ist ein gesonderter Ausbau der Lager der Pumpennockenwelle mit der damit verbundenen Verschmutzungsgefahr entbehrlich.To achieve this object, the invention essentially consists in that the pump camshaft is mounted in the tunnel-like housing fixed on the engine cylinder. Characterized in that the pump camshaft is mounted in the attachable tunnel-like housing, the pump-nozzle units are immediately accessible after removing the tunnel-like housing and a separate removal of the pump camshaft bearings with the associated risk of contamination is unnecessary.

Die Pumpe-Düse-Einheiten können bei abgenommenen tunnelartigem Gehäuse in den Motorzylinderkopf eingesetzt werden und es kann dann die Nockenwelle mit dem Gehäuse aufgesetzt werden.With the tunnel-like housing removed, the pump-nozzle units can be inserted into the engine cylinder head and the camshaft with the housing can then be attached.

Gemäß der Erfindung kann der als Rollen- oder Gleitstößel ausgebildete Stößel im Gehäuse der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit geführt sein. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß der Stößel mit dem Gehäuse der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit zu einem einzigen Bauteil verbunden ist, wellcher als solcher eingesetzt werden kann. In diesem Fall ist zweckmäßig das Gehäuse der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit im Bereich der Gleitbahn des Stößels im Zylinderkopf abgestützt, wobei auch am Gehäuse der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit ein Befestigungselement zur Befestigung im Motorzylinderkopf im Bereich der Stößelführung angeordnet ist.According to the invention, the tappet, which is designed as a roller tappet or sliding tappet, can be guided in the housing of the pump-nozzle unit. This has the advantage that the plunger is connected to the housing of the pump-nozzle unit to form a single component, which can be used as such. In this case, the housing of the pump-nozzle unit is expediently supported in the region of the slide of the tappet in the cylinder head, a fastening element for fastening in the motor-cylinder head also being arranged in the region of the tappet guide on the housing of the pump-nozzle unit.

Gemäß der Erfindung kann aber auch die Führung des als Rollen- oder Gleitstößel ausgebildeten Stößels in jenem Gehäuseteil vorgesehen sein, in welchem die Pumpennokkenwelle gelagert ist; dies hat wieder den Vorteil, daß der im Gehäuse der Nockenwelle sitzende Stößel den die Nockenwelle aufnehmenden Hohlraum abdichtet, so daß nun bei Montagearbeiten, wenn dieses Gehäuse abgenommen ist, der die Nockenwelle aufnehmende Hohlraum geschlossen und gegen das Eindringen von Verunreinigungen und Fremdkörpern gesichert ist. Hierbei ist zweckmäßig der Stößel in der Stößelführung durch ein Anschlagelement, beispielsweise durch einen nach außen spannenden federnden Ring, gegen Herausfallen gesichert. In diesem Fall ist zweckmäßig am Gehäuse der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit ein Befestigungselement zur Befestigung desselben am Motorzylinderkopf außerhalb des Bereiches der Stößelführung zwischen Düsenkörper und Regelungseingriff angeordnet, so daß die Pumpe-Düse-Einheit auch unabhängig von dem die Nockenwelle aufnehmenden Gehäuseteil am Motorzylinderkopf gesichert ist.According to the invention, however, the guiding of the tappet, which is designed as a roller or sliding tappet, can also be provided in the housing part in which the pump camshaft is mounted; This again has the advantage that the camshaft in the housing seated tappet seals the camshaft-receiving cavity, so that now during assembly work, when this housing is removed, the camshaft-receiving cavity is closed and secured against the ingress of contaminants and foreign bodies. In this case, the plunger in the plunger guide is expediently secured against falling out by a stop element, for example by a resilient ring that tensions to the outside. In this case, a fastening element for fastening it to the engine cylinder head is expediently arranged on the housing of the pump-nozzle unit outside the region of the tappet guide between the nozzle body and control intervention, so that the pump-nozzle unit is also secured to the engine cylinder head independently of the housing part receiving the camshaft is.

In allen Fällen können gemäß der Erfindung zwischen Stößel und Pumpenkolben Ausgleichselemente für den Ausgleich der Fertigungstoleranzen vorgesehen sein. Diese Ausgleichselemente können gemäß der Erfindung von auswechselbaren und stapelbaren Plättchen gebildet oder von fixierbaren Schrauben oder Schraubenmuttern gebildet sein.In all cases, according to the invention, compensating elements for compensating the manufacturing tolerances can be provided between the tappet and the pump piston. According to the invention, these compensating elements can be formed by interchangeable and stackable platelets or by fixable screws or screw nuts.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung an Hand von Ausführungsbeispielen schematisch veranschaulicht. Fig. 1 zeigt einen Teilquerschnitt durch den Zylinderkopf mit dem eingesetzten Pumpe-Düse-Element senkrecht zur Nockenwelle. Fig. 2 zeigt eine andere Ausführungsform, gleichfalls im Querschnitt durch den Zylinderkopf, Fig. 3 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Motors mit aufgesetztem Gehäuse für die Nockenwelle.In the drawing, the invention is illustrated schematically using exemplary embodiments. Fig. 1 shows a partial cross section through the cylinder head with the pump-nozzle element used perpendicular to the camshaft. Fig. 2 shows another embodiment, also in cross section through the cylinder head, Fig. 3 shows a side view of the engine with attached housing for the camshaft.

Bei der Anordnung nach Fig. 1 stellt 1 den Zylinderkopf, 2 den Brennraum des Zylinders und 3 die in den Zylinderkopf eingesetzte Pumpe-Düse-Einheit dar. 4 ist das Gehäuse der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit und 5 ist die Einspritzdüse. 30 ist ein bearbeiteter Bund am Gehäuse 4, durch welchen das Gehäuse 4 in einer Bohrung 31 im Zylinderkopf 1 seitlich abgestützt ist. Das Gehäuse 4 weist beidseitig Pratzen 32 auf, durch welche Schrauben 33 hindurchgeführt sind, welche in den Zylinderkopf 1 eingeschraubt werden. Diese Pratzen 32 und Schrauben 33 bilden Befestigungselemente für das Festspannen der Pume-Düse-Einheit 3 im Zylinderkopf.In the arrangement according to FIG. 1, 1 represents the cylinder head, 2 the combustion chamber of the cylinder and 3 the pump-nozzle unit inserted in the cylinder head. 4 is the housing of the pump-nozzle unit and 5 is the injection nozzle. 30 is a machined collar on the housing 4, through which the housing 4 is supported laterally in a bore 31 in the cylinder head 1. The housing 4 has claws 32 on both sides, through which screws 33 are passed, which are screwed into the cylinder head 1. These claws 32 and screws 33 form fastening elements for clamping the pume nozzle unit 3 in the cylinder head.

Auf den Zylinderkopf ist ein tunnelförmiges Gehäuse 6 aufgesetzt, welches mittels Schrauben 7 mit dem Zylinderkopf 1 verschraubt ist. In diesem Gehäuse 6 ist eine Nockenwelle 8 gelagert, welche für alle Pumpe-Düse-Einheiten, welchen eine Reihe von Motorzylindern zugeordnet sind, gemeinsam ist. Die Nocken sind mit 9 bezeichnet. Im Gehäuse 4 ist ein Rollenstößel 10 axial verschiebbar gelagert, auf den der Nocken 9 unmittelbar einwirkt. 11 ist das Antriebsrad der Nockenwelle, welches durch einen Zahnriemen 12 angetrieben wird.A tunnel-shaped housing 6 is placed on the cylinder head and is screwed to the cylinder head 1 by means of screws 7. In this housing 6, a camshaft 8 is mounted, which is common to all pump-nozzle units to which a number of engine cylinders are assigned. The cams are designated 9. In the housing 4, a roller tappet 10 is axially displaceably mounted, on which the cam 9 acts directly. 11 is the drive wheel of the camshaft, which is driven by a toothed belt 12.

Innerhalb eines Raumes 13, welcher vom Kühlwasserraum 34 durch eine Wandung 35 getrennt ist, sind Zusatzeinrichtungen untergebracht. 14 ist eine Brennstoffleitung, von welcher aus Leitungen 15 zu jeder Pumpe-Düse-Einheit geführt sind. 16 ist die Regelstange einer Pumpe-Düse-Einheit. An einer Welle 17, welche vom Drehzahlregler, der in Fig.3 3 mit 18 bezeichnet ist, verdreht wird, sind mittels Schrauben 19 Hebel 20 befestigt, welche über Verbindungsstücke 21, die verschiebbar in den Hebeln 20 geführt sind, an den Regelstangen 16 angreifen.Additional devices are accommodated in a space 13, which is separated from the cooling water space 34 by a wall 35. 14 is a fuel line, from which lines 15 lead to each pump-nozzle unit. 16 is the control rod of a unit injector. On a shaft 17, which is rotated by the speed controller, which is designated by 18 in FIG. 3, levers 20 are fastened by means of screws 19, which engage the control rods 16 via connecting pieces 21, which are displaceably guided in the levers 20 .

Die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 dadurch, daß der Rollenstößel 22 in dem tunnelförmigen Gehäuseteil 23 geführt ist, in welchem die Nockenwelle gelagert ist. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Gehäuseteil 23 mit einer Führungsbohrung 24 ausgestattet. Der Gehäuseteil 23 ist wieder mittels Schrauben 7 am Zylinderkopf 1 festgespannt. 25 ist der Einspritzpumpenkolben, welcher aus dem Gehäuse 26 der Pumpe-Düse-Einheit herausragt und 27 ist die Rückholfeder. 28 ist ein nach außen spannender Federring, der in eine Nut der Führungsbohrung 24 eingesetzt ist und den Rollenstößel 22 vor dem Herausfallen sichert, wenn der Gehäuseteil 23 abgenommen wird.The embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in that the roller tappet 22 is guided in the tunnel-shaped housing part 23 in which the camshaft is mounted. For this purpose, the housing part 23 is equipped with a guide bore 24. The housing part 23 is again clamped to the cylinder head 1 by means of screws 7. 25 is the injection pump piston which protrudes from the housing 26 of the unit injector and 27 is the return spring. 28 is an externally exciting spring washer which is inserted into a groove in the guide bore 24 and secures the roller tappet 22 from falling out when the housing part 23 is removed.

29 ist ein Plättchen, welches zwischen dem Kolben 25 und dem Rollenstößel 22 eingesetzt ist, um Toleranzungenauigkeiten zu korrigieren. b ist der Abstand des Bodens des Rollenstößels vom Zentrum des Grundkreises des Nockens und a ist der Abstand des Kolbens 25 von der Oberkante des Gehäuses 26. Das Maß c ist die Stärke des Plättchens 29 und diese Stärke wird so gewählt, daß Toleranzungenauigkeiten ausgeglichen werden. Gegebenenfalls können auch mehrere solche Plättchen 29 übereinander gestapelt sein, um das richtige Maß zu erreichen.29 is a small plate which is inserted between the piston 25 and the roller tappet 22 in order to correct tolerance inaccuracies. b is the distance of the bottom of the roller tappet from the center of the base circle of the cam and a is the distance of the piston 25 from the upper edge of the housing 26. The dimension c is the thickness of the plate 29 and this thickness is chosen so that tolerance inaccuracies are compensated for. If necessary, a plurality of such plates 29 can also be stacked one above the other in order to achieve the correct size.

Der Raum 13 und die in diesem Raum angeordneten Zubehörteile sind ebenso ausgebildet wie in Fig. 1. Es besteht lediglich der Unterschied, daß die Befestigungselemente für die Befestigung des Gehäuses 26 im Raum 13 zwischen der Regelstange 16 und der Düse 5 am Gehäuse 26 angeordnet sind. Diese Befestigungselemente, welche in Fig. nicht dargestellt sind, können in analoger Weise wie die Pratzen 32 und die Schrauben 33 ausgebildet sein, wobei lediglich diese Pratzen zwischen der Regelstange 16 und der Düse 5 am Gehäuse 26 angeordnet sind und die Schrauben in die Wandung 35 eingeschraubt sind.The space 13 and the accessories arranged in this space are designed in the same way as in FIG. 1. There is only the difference that the fastening elements for fastening the housing 26 are arranged in the space 13 between the control rod 16 and the nozzle 5 on the housing 26 . These fastening elements, which are not shown in FIG. 1, can be designed in an analogous manner to the claws 32 and the screws 33, only these claws being arranged between the control rod 16 and the nozzle 5 on the housing 26 and the screws into the wall 35 are screwed in.

Claims (10)

1. Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines providing a separate fuel injector (3) (pump-nozzle-unit) for each engine cylinder, said injector being equipped with an injection nozzle (5) and a pump plunger guided in a pump plunger sleeve and driven by a pump cam shaft (8) with the axis of said pump cam shaft (8) crossing the axis of the pump-nozzle-unit (3) at least approximately and with the cam (9) of the pump cam shaft (8) acting directly onto a tappet (10, 22) abutting against the pump plunger with the pump cam shaft (8) being arranged within a tubular housing which is positioned on the engine cylinder head (1) and secured to it in a detachable connection, characterized in that the pump cam shaft (8) is journalled in the tubular housing (6, 23) positioned on the engine cylinder head (1).
2. Fuel injection system as claimed in Claim 1 in which the tappet (10) designed in the form af a roller or sliding tappet is guided in the housing (4) of the pump-nozzle-unit.
3. Fuel injection system as claimed in any of Claims 1 or 2, in which the housing (4) of the pump-nozzle-unit (3) is supported in the area of the slide way of the tappet in the cylinder head (1
4. Fuel injection system as claimed in any of Claims 1, 2 or 3, in which a fastening element (32, 33) is positioned on the housing (4) of the pump-nozzle-unit (3) for fastening in the engine cylinder head (1) in the area of the tappet guide.
5. Fuel injection system as claimed in Claim 1, in which the guideway of the tappet (22) designed as a roller or sliding tappet is provided in that part of the housing (23) in which the pump cam shaft is journalled.
6. Fuel injection system as claimed in Claim 5, in which the tappet (22) in the tappet guide (24) in secured against dropping out by a stop element, e. g., by a resilient ring (28) urging outwardly.
7. Fuel injection system as claimed in Claim 6, in which a fastening etement is positioned on the housing (4) of the pump-nozzle-unit (3) in order ro fasten said pump-nozzle-unit in the engine cylinder head outside the area of the tappet guide between the nozzle body and the control engagement.
8. Fuel injection system as claimed in any of Claims 1 through 7, in which compensating elements (29) are to be arranged between said tappet (22) and said pump plunger (25) in order to compensate the manufacturing tolerances.
9. Fuel injection system as claimed in Claim 8, in which the compensating elements consist of interchangeable and stackable platelets (29).
10. Fuel injection system as claimed in Claim 8, in which the compensation elements are fixable bolts or nuts.
EP19790890048 1978-11-10 1979-11-09 Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines Expired EP0011611B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT806678A AT364199B (en) 1978-11-10 1978-11-10 FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR INJECTION COMBUSTION ENGINES
AT8066/78 1978-11-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0011611A1 EP0011611A1 (en) 1980-05-28
EP0011611B1 true EP0011611B1 (en) 1982-05-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790890048 Expired EP0011611B1 (en) 1978-11-10 1979-11-09 Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines

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EP (1) EP0011611B1 (en)
AT (1) AT364199B (en)
DE (1) DE2962840D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3149033A1 (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-16 L'Orange GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Injection system for internal combustion engines
AT401408B (en) * 1988-12-15 1996-09-25 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech PISTON PISTON ENGINE
US5806499A (en) * 1997-03-18 1998-09-15 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Dedicated overhead cam shaft for unit injector
DE19900499A1 (en) * 1999-01-08 2000-07-13 Volkswagen Ag Drives for pump-injector elements or injection pumps for internal combustion engines
CN114198229B (en) * 2021-12-13 2024-04-26 重庆红江机械有限责任公司 Cam box assembly of large high-pressure oil pump

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB714610A (en) * 1950-12-08 1954-09-01 Daimler Benz Ag Improvements relating to fuel-injection arrangements for internal combustion engines
US2676061A (en) * 1951-04-24 1954-04-20 Fred J Arisman Fuel injector for internalcombustion engines
US3190561A (en) * 1962-06-28 1965-06-22 Bendix Corp Fuel injector
US4141329A (en) * 1976-04-30 1979-02-27 Foster-Miller Associates, Inc. Internal combustion engine fuel injection system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0011611A1 (en) 1980-05-28
ATA806678A (en) 1981-02-15
DE2962840D1 (en) 1982-07-01
AT364199B (en) 1981-09-25

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