EP0011219B1 - Jonction d'éléments définissant un passage d'écoulement de fluid pour marteau perforateur mis en oeuvre au fond d'un trou de forage - Google Patents

Jonction d'éléments définissant un passage d'écoulement de fluid pour marteau perforateur mis en oeuvre au fond d'un trou de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011219B1
EP0011219B1 EP79104336A EP79104336A EP0011219B1 EP 0011219 B1 EP0011219 B1 EP 0011219B1 EP 79104336 A EP79104336 A EP 79104336A EP 79104336 A EP79104336 A EP 79104336A EP 0011219 B1 EP0011219 B1 EP 0011219B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hammer drill
tube
components
drill according
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79104336A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0011219A1 (fr
Inventor
Nigel Bruce Cox
Christopher Green
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Halco Directional Drilling Products Ltd
Original Assignee
Halco Directional Drilling Products Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Halco Directional Drilling Products Ltd filed Critical Halco Directional Drilling Products Ltd
Priority to AT79104336T priority Critical patent/ATE3574T1/de
Publication of EP0011219A1 publication Critical patent/EP0011219A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0011219B1 publication Critical patent/EP0011219B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/07—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers

Definitions

  • This invention concerns the connection of fluid flow path-defining components in fluid-powered, free piston, down-the-hole hammer drills.
  • the invention is especially concerned with the establishment of reliable fluid-tight connections between such components, notwithstanding the high stress and vibration levels to which the components are subject in operation of the drill.
  • a piston In a down-the-hole rock drill hammer unit, a piston is caused to reciprocate within a cylinder and to deliver blows to an anvil surface on a bit shank.
  • the reciprocation of the piston is accomplished by alternately admitting pressure fluid such as compressed air to working chambers at opposite ends of the cylinder, this admission of pressure fluid to the working chambers, and the exhaust of fluid from these chambers, being controlled at least partly by the motion of the piston within the cylinder and relative to ports formed in the cylinder wall and/or in the piston or in a tube extending therein or therethrough.
  • pressure fluid such as compressed air
  • certain of the fluid flow paths involve tubes that extend within the device and that are connected to or closely associated with components subject to high levels of stress and/or vibration.
  • the piston may carry a tube that extends from one or other end thereof so as to reciprocate with the piston and enter passages in a related component to accomplish a fluid control function during parts of the travel of the piston within the cylinder.
  • the piston reciprocates relatively to a central tube that is fixed at one or other of its ends and has ports that communicate with the working chambers in accordance with the position of the piston relatively to the tube.
  • a tube is fixed within one or other of the working chambers to enter a passage in the piston for part of the cycle of motion of the latter: a typical instance of this latter arrangement is the so- called foot valve that comprises a tube fixed to a central exhaust passage in the bit shank of a hammer drill and that co-operates with the piston to control the exhaust of pressure fluid from the working chambers.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide an interconnection system that avoids the difficulties experienced hitherto in the above discussed situations and that is simple and economical to manufacture.
  • a fluid-powered free piston down-the-hole hammer drill comprising fluid flow path-defining components including inner and outer components having adjacent overlapping surfaces is characterised in that each of said overlapping surfaces is formed with at least one circumferential recess, the recesses in the respective components being opposed and together defining an annular space within which an elastomeric sealing/retaining ring is accommodated.
  • the overlapping surfaces of the two components are a close fit one within the other and the or each said recess in one such surface is of greater depth than the corresponding recess in the other surface, whereby the or each sealing/ retaining ring is accommodated mainly in the deeper recess so as to facilitate assembly of the connection by telescopic movement of the components relative to one another.
  • the over- lappping surfaces may be dimensioned to have an interference fit, but in preferred embodiments they are dimensioned to have a sliding fit.
  • each component is formed with a plurality of said recesses so that there are a plurality of spaced-apart annular spaces each accommodating an elastomeric sealing/retaining ring, the plurality of sealing/retaining rings thus providing both a plural seal structure for preventing flow of fluid between the overlapping surfaces, and spaced-apart resilient connections that distribute stresses between the components and also serve to maintain alignment thereof.
  • the elastomeric sealing/retaining rings are 0- rings, but rings of other configuration may be employed: in particular, rings of non-circular section may be employed in recesses shaped to co-operate with such rings to provide enhanced sealing performance.
  • each elastomeric sealing/retaining ring may be a free element fixed to neither of the components.
  • such a ring may be fixed, e.g. by adhesive bonding, in the accommodating recess of one of om the components prior to assembly of the interconnection.
  • the components may be formed of any desired materials and may be of the same or of different materials.
  • One or the other or both of the components may be of composite construction to provide required properties of structural strength and flexibility or resilience.
  • the inner component may have a tapered lead-in to its surface formed with the or each said recess therein. That surface may itself initially be tapered, or the component may be formed to permit such surface to distort to tapered form in the course of assembly, provision being made to distort or restore the shape of the surface after assembly, to a configuration matching the complementary overlapping surface of the outer component.
  • the inner component comprises a tube one extremity of which is formed with circumferential recesses and a tapered lead-in, the wall thickness of the tube in the region of this end being such as to enable the tube to distort upon assembly to permit the tube end satisfactorily to enter the outer component having its recesses fitted with elastomeric sealing/ retaining rings.
  • a plug for instance, a screw-threaded plug, into the tube end following assembly may then serve to restore the tube end to its initial configuration so that its external surface matches that of the outer component into which is has been so fitted.
  • the sealing/retaining ring or rings may be placed under substantial radial compression in the fully assembled interconnection, to achieve a required sealing and/or retaining performance.
  • An exhaust tube 7 is fitted to the bore of the valve bottom 5 by an interconnection embodying the present invention and consisting of circumferential recesses in the overlapping surfaces of the bore of the valve bottom 5 and of the exhaust tube 7, respectively, the recesses in these components together defining a series of five annular spaces that accommodate elastomeric sealing/retaining rings 8.
  • valve bottom 5 is best seen in Figures 2 and 3 that show the bore to be of untapered cylindrical configuration formed with recesses 9 of rectangular cross-section. The internal corners of the recess cross-section are radiussed and the edges at the bore surface are relieved to avoid sharp corners and edges.
  • This valve bottom 5 is formed of steel, case-hardened after all machining operations have been completed.
  • FIG 4 shows the form of the exhaust tube 7 prior to assembly.
  • This tube is formed of a high strength plastics material such as carbon fibre or glass fibre reinforced plastic, or of a material such as the acetal plastics material sold by DuPont under the Trade Mark “Delrin”.
  • the tube has an end portion 10 formed with five part-circular section circumferential recesses 11 at intervals corresponding with the spacing of the recesses 9 in the bore of the valve bottom 5.
  • the recesses 9 in the bore of the valve bottom 5 are of substantially greater depth than the recesses 11 on the exhaust tube 7.
  • the elastomeric sealing/ retaining rings 8 are mainly accommodated in the recesses 9 and will be reliably retained in their respective recesses during assembly of the interconnection by endwise introduction of the exhaust tube 7 into the bore of the valve bottom.
  • the different shapes of the cross- sections of the respective recesses also ensure retention of the sealing/retaining rings 8 during assembly, and ease the assembly operation.
  • the end portion 10 of the tube 7, apart from the lead-in 12, is of untapered cylindrical form with an overall diameter such as to provide a sliding fit with the bore of the valve bottom 5.
  • the elastomeric sealing/ retaining rings 8, suitably O-rings are fitted to the recesses 9 of the valve bottom bore whereafter the exhaust tube 7 is forced endwise into position in the bore.
  • a suitable lubricant is applied to the tube and to the sealing ring-fitted valve bottom bore: the lubricant may be a light oil or a soap or like solution.
  • the sealing/retaining rings 8 in the assembled condition of the parts as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 provide multiple stress paths between the inner component constituted by the exhaust tube 7 and the outer component constituted by the valve bottom 5. These rings also provide multiple seals against leakage between these components and thus reliably hold the tube 7 in place in the valve bottom, notwithstanding high levels of vibration to which the components are subjected during operation, while preventing leakage of pressure fluid from the region of the valve 4 along the outer wall of the tube 7.
  • Figure 5 illustrates schematically and in axial section part of the leading end of a down-the-hole hammer drill unit of the valveless type and having a foot valve arrangement involving an interconnection embodying the invention.
  • the bit shank 22 is formed with an exhaust passage 25 that extends to outlets in the bit head (not shown) and that is fitted with a foot valve tube 26 that enters a bore in the piston 21 as this approaches its illustrated power stroke-end position, so as to cut off the exhaust flow path for air in the adjacent working chamber of the cylinder whilst providing a flow path for exhaust of air through the piston from the working chamber at the other end of the cylinder defined by the casing 20.
  • the foot valve 26, because it is fixed to the bit shank and protrudes from the anvil surface thereof, experiences intense shock and vibration loading in the region of its connection to the bit shank.
  • the interconnection arrangement of the invention is therefore well suited to securing the foot valve tube 26 in the bit shank.
  • Figure 6 illustrates one constructional form of this interconnection and it will be seen that in this case the foot valve tube 26 is formed with rectangular cross-section circumferential recesses that oppose part-circular section circumferential recesses in an enlarged portion of the bore 25 of the bit shank, the opposed recesses together defining a series of spaced-apart annular spaces each accommodating an elastomeric sealing/retaining ring 27.
  • the tube 26 may be made of any suitable material and if desired may be fitted, after assembly, with a pressed-in sleeve to remove any inwards distortion of the tube caused during assembly and to ensure a required fit between the tube and the bore of the bit shank.
  • Figure 7 illustrates another construction in which the foot valve tube is of composite configuration, having an end portion 26a formed of one material, for instance metal, and constituting the inner component of the interconnection, and an extension portion 26b formed of a different material (e.g. a plastics material) and suitably attached to the end portion 26a, before or after fitment of the latter to the bit shank 22.
  • the composite construction of the foot valve tube in Figure 7 enables the respective portions thereof to be formed of materials chosen to provide the required properties in those portions of the tube.
  • the end portion 26a may be formed of metal to provide appropriate rigidity to withstand stresses transmitted through the sealing/retaining rings 27, whereas the portion 26b may be of a material chosen to provide appropriate resilience to seal within the piston bore and to tolerate slight misalignments between the bit and the piston, and/or to be of low mass.
  • the portion 26a might be made of a plastics material and the portion 26b of metal, to provide appropriate properties to meet certain performance requirements: for instance to enable the components to withstand the erosion effects that result from water injection.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Marteau perforateur fond du trou à pistons libres, actionné par un fluide, comprenant des composants définissant un chemin d'écoulement pour le fluide incluant des composants internes et externes (7, 5; 26, 22) possédant des surfaces adjacentes se recouvrant, caractérisé en ce que chaque surface se recouvrant est formée avec au moins un évidement périphérique (9, 11), les évidements, dans les composants respectifs, étant opposés et définissant ensemble un espace annulaire à l'intérieur duquel est logée une bague d'étanchéité/de retenu (8, 27) en élastomère.
2. Marteau perforateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces ser recouvrant sont à adjustement serré l'une dans l'autre, l'évidement, ou chaque évidement de l'une de ces surfaces ayant une profondeur plus grande que l'évidement correspondant de l'autre surface.
3. Marteau perforateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque composant interne et externe est formé avec une pluralité d'évidements (9, 1 1 ), créant une pluralité d'espaces annulaires espacés, chacun recevant une bague d'étan- chéite/de retenue (8) et élastomère.
4. Marteau perforateur selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque bague d'étanchéité/de retenue (8) est und joint torique.
5. Marteau perforateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque bague d'étan- chéité/de retenue (8) est en élément libre qui n'est fixé à aucun des composants.
6. Marteau perforateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le composant interne et le composant externe sont formés en des matériaux différents.
7. Marteau perforateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le composant interne (7) possède une entrée conique (12) à sa surface formée avec l'évidement ou chaque évidement (11).
8. Marteau perforateur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le composant interne est une tube (7) possédant une surface évidée formée à l'une de ses extrémités, en arrière de l'entrée conique (12), l'épaisseur de la paroi du tube dans la zone de ladite extrémité (10) étant choisie de façon à se déformer lors du montage du composant interne dans le composant externe (5), et en ce qu'un bouchon est adapté pour être introduit dans ladite extrémité du tube, après son montage dans le composant externe, de façon à redonner à l'extrémité du tube une configuration, adaptée à la surface .évidée du composant externe.
9. Marteau perforateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le composant externe est un fond de soupape (5) et le composant interne est un tube d'échappement central (7) s'étendant à travers le piston (2) du marteau perforateur.
10. Marteau perforateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le composant externe est une queue de trépan de perforateur (22), et le composant interne est un tube (26) de clapet de pied.
EP79104336A 1978-11-10 1979-11-06 Jonction d'éléments définissant un passage d'écoulement de fluid pour marteau perforateur mis en oeuvre au fond d'un trou de forage Expired EP0011219B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79104336T ATE3574T1 (de) 1978-11-10 1979-11-06 Verbindung der fluessigkeitsaufnehmenden teile von tieflochbohrhaemmern.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4412878 1978-11-10
GB7844128 1978-11-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0011219A1 EP0011219A1 (fr) 1980-05-28
EP0011219B1 true EP0011219B1 (fr) 1983-05-25

Family

ID=10500973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79104336A Expired EP0011219B1 (fr) 1978-11-10 1979-11-06 Jonction d'éléments définissant un passage d'écoulement de fluid pour marteau perforateur mis en oeuvre au fond d'un trou de forage

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0011219B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5575092A (fr)
AT (1) ATE3574T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2965531D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES485775A0 (fr)
IN (1) IN152190B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA795944B (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080099218A1 (en) * 2006-10-26 2008-05-01 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Air actuated down-the-hole hammer for rock drilling, a drill bit and a foot valve to be used in the down-the-hole hammer
AU2014202538B2 (en) * 2013-05-10 2018-03-08 Tricon Drilling Solutions Pty Ltd Percussive Down-The-Hole Drill
EP2873799B1 (fr) * 2013-11-18 2017-06-14 Sandvik Intellectual Property AB Ensemble de trépan de marteau fond-de-trou

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1278127A (en) * 1968-08-15 1972-06-14 Mission Mfg Co Improvements relating to percussion tools
US3791462A (en) * 1972-03-29 1974-02-12 A Curington Percussion anvil bits
US3866746A (en) * 1973-08-27 1975-02-18 Bakerdrill Inc Rotary bore hole air hammer drive mechanism
US3871486A (en) * 1973-08-29 1975-03-18 Bakerdrill Inc Continuous coring system and apparatus
DE2551292C3 (de) * 1975-11-14 1980-03-27 Institut Gornogo Dela Sibirskogo Otdelenija Akademii Nauk Ssr, Nowosibirsk (Sowjetunion) Druckluftbetriebene Tiefloch-Schlagbohrmaschine
DE2609376C3 (de) * 1976-03-06 1978-09-07 H.P. Walter Gmbh + Co Drucklufttechnik Kg, 3570 Stadt Allendorf Tieflochbohrhammer
DE2816737C3 (de) * 1978-04-18 1981-03-19 Hans Philipp 3570 Stadtallendorf Walter Bohrhammer, Insbesondere Tieflochhammer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8100418A1 (es) 1980-11-01
JPS5575092A (en) 1980-06-06
ZA795944B (en) 1980-11-26
IN152190B (fr) 1983-11-12
ES485775A0 (es) 1980-11-01
EP0011219A1 (fr) 1980-05-28
DE2965531D1 (en) 1983-07-07
ATE3574T1 (de) 1983-06-15

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