EP0011215A1 - Foamed plastic particles serving as packing material - Google Patents
Foamed plastic particles serving as packing material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0011215A1 EP0011215A1 EP79104322A EP79104322A EP0011215A1 EP 0011215 A1 EP0011215 A1 EP 0011215A1 EP 79104322 A EP79104322 A EP 79104322A EP 79104322 A EP79104322 A EP 79104322A EP 0011215 A1 EP0011215 A1 EP 0011215A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- particle
- height
- foamed plastic
- foamed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
- B65D81/05—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents
- B65D81/09—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents using flowable discrete elements of shock-absorbing material, e.g. pellets or popcorn
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S206/00—Special receptacle or package
- Y10S206/814—Space filler
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a packaging material made of loose foamed plastic particles, which due to their shape and dimensions combine a very good flowability and at the same time a very good packing effect in terms of pressure and impact stress and in particular the so-called "wandering" of the packaged item through the Prevent packaging material.
- Packing or filling material made of loose foamed plastic particles are known and are used in large quantities. Decisive for this are their freedom from dust, the resistance to moisture and mold, the abrasion resistance and their inert behavior. compared to the packaged goods with low weight.
- Such packaging material particles are usually made available as compact, blowing agent-containing, non-foamed granules and are only foamed to the final shape by known methods in the packaging plant.
- the effect of the foamed plastic particles as packaging material is based on the fact that they interlock or interlock with one another after the packaging goods have been embedded and thereby forming a kind of "resilient shell” around the good. This mutual interlocking is particularly important in order to prevent the packaged article from "wandering" through the packaging particles as a result of the transporter vibrations.
- the packaging particles should also have good flow properties.
- the light, foamed plastic particles are usually brought into storage containers in free fall from storage silos. To do this, the particles must be able to flow freely, since otherwise the particles become “bridged” in the storage bunker and the uniform outflow and thus the quantity of the particles is prevented or disturbed. In the case of fully automatic packaging systems in particular, this leads to sensitive faults.
- Most of the particles thus shaped either have good free-flowing properties with moderate entanglement properties or very good interlocking properties with low pourability.
- the object of the present invention was to produce foamable plastic particles which, after foaming, give a packaging material which has good flow properties and at the same time has good toothing properties.
- star-shaped particles of very specific dimensional ratios in height, thickness and width meet the requirement for flowability and toothing ability particularly well.
- incombustible propellants e.g. Trichlorofluoromethane
- substances containing non-flammable gases e.g. Carbon dioxide, as a blowing agent, is also met in the particles according to the invention for the lowest fire risk.
- a free-flowing packaging material made of foamed plastic particles which has a star shape with three legs lying in one plane and which are characterized in that they have a ratio of the particle thickness (D) to the particle height (H) of 1: 2.75 to 1: 3 , 3 and have a ratio of leg width (B) to particle height (H) of 1: 2.2 to 1: 2.5, the height (H) being 10 to 60 mm.
- the area which is fully visible here corresponds to the position of the cut surface of the non-foamed particle and is perpendicular to the strand withdrawal direction (R).
- the length of the particle in the strand withdrawal direction is referred to as the thickness (D).
- the height of the foamed particles according to the invention is 10 to 60 mm, preferably 20 to 50 mm.
- thermoplastics for the particles according to the invention are the thermoplastics usually used for foamed packaging material particles, preferably polystyrene.
- the packaging material first of all by melting the plastic in an extrusion press, metering in a suitable blowing agent, preferably an incombustible, e.g. Trichlorofluoromethane or octafluorocyclobutane, under pressure in the plastic melt and squeezing out the blowing agent-containing melt through a corresponding mold opening and granulating a compact, blowing agent-containing, not foamed granulate.
- a suitable blowing agent preferably an incombustible, e.g. Trichlorofluoromethane or octafluorocyclobutane
- the strands emerging from the extruder are cooled rapidly, expediently by a water bath.
- the cooled strands are then cut perpendicularly to the draw-off direction into particles of such a thickness that, after the foaming, the ratio of D to H given above is satisfied.
- the expandable particles so formed can be heated to above their softening point, e.g. by steam to be foamed into the packaging material according to the invention. This foaming is usually only carried out at the consumer.
- a plastic blowing agent can be added to the plastic before the extrusion process. Water vapor, carbonic acid or nitrogen is split off, mixed in.
- an incombustible propellant has the advantage that the incombustible gas escaping upon contact with an ignition source acts as a protective gas. Even during storage, no explosive gas-air mixture can arise, e.g. if pentane is used as a blowing agent, and even if the foamed particles are exposed to fire, there may be a residual portion remaining in the cells. of the blowing agent one. develop a certain protective gas effect.
- Table 1 below shows the superiority of the particles according to the invention in the flow and packing behavior compared to particles of other dimensional ratios.
- a container with vertical wall surfaces and a square base with an edge length of 0.5 m was filled with packing material particles up to a height of 0.3 m.
- the material was then pre-compacted by shaking for 1 second.
- a steel cylinder with a diameter of 32 mm, a length of 100 mm and a weight of 0.64 kg was then placed in the center of the container as a test specimen so that its longitudinal axis was horizontal. The time it took for the steel cylinder to lie on the bottom of the container after the vibrating table was switched on was determined. Five trials were carried out in each of the trickle and pack tests. The values thus obtained are listed in Table 1, the “packing group 1” containing the particles according to the invention.
- the "packing groups" 2, 3 and 4 show the values for particles of other dimensional ratios.
- the table shows that the particles according to the invention are clearly superior to particles of other dimensions in the combination of flowability and packing behavior.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Packmaterial aus losen aufgeschäumten Kunststoffteilchen, die aufgrund ihrer Gestalt und Abmessungen eine sehr gute Rieselfähigkeit und gleichzeitig eine sehr gute Packwirkung in bezug auf Druck-und Stoßbeanspruchung in sich vereinen und insbesondere das sogenannte "Wandern" des verpackten Gegenstandes durch das Packmaterial verhindern.The invention relates to a packaging material made of loose foamed plastic particles, which due to their shape and dimensions combine a very good flowability and at the same time a very good packing effect in terms of pressure and impact stress and in particular the so-called "wandering" of the packaged item through the Prevent packaging material.
Pack- oder Füllmaterial aus losen aufgeschäumten Kunststoffteilchen sind bekannt und werden in großen Mengen eingesetzt. Maßgebend dafür sind ihre Staubfreiheit, die Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Feuchtigkeit und Schimmelbildung, die Abriebfestigkeit und ihr inertes Verhalten. gegenüber dem Verpackungsgut bei geringem Gewicht. üblicherweise werden solche Packmaterialteilchen als kompakte, treibmittelhaltige, nichtaufgeschäumte Granulate zur Verfügung gestellt und erst im Verpackungsbetrieb nach bekannten Verfahren zur endgültigen Form aufgeschäumt.Packing or filling material made of loose foamed plastic particles are known and are used in large quantities. Decisive for this are their freedom from dust, the resistance to moisture and mold, the abrasion resistance and their inert behavior. compared to the packaged goods with low weight. Such packaging material particles are usually made available as compact, blowing agent-containing, non-foamed granules and are only foamed to the final shape by known methods in the packaging plant.
Die.Wirkung der geschäumten Kunststoffteilchen als Packmaterial beruht darauf, daß sie nach dem Einbetten des Verpackungsgutes sich gegenseitig verhaken oder verzahnen und dadurch eine Art "federnde Hülle" um das Gut bilden. Diese gegenseitige Verzahnung ist besonders wichtig, um das "Wandern" des verpackten Gegenstandes durch die Packmittelteilchen infolge der Transporterschütterungen zu verhindern.The effect of the foamed plastic particles as packaging material is based on the fact that they interlock or interlock with one another after the packaging goods have been embedded and thereby forming a kind of "resilient shell" around the good. This mutual interlocking is particularly important in order to prevent the packaged article from "wandering" through the packaging particles as a result of the transporter vibrations.
Im Gegensatz zu der Forderung nach Verzahnung sollen die Packmittelteilchen gleichzeitig eine gute Rieselfähigkeit aufweisen. Die leichten, geschäumten Kunststoffteilchen werden üblicherweise aus Vorratsilos in freiem Fall in die jeweiligen Packbehältnisse eingebracht. Dazu ist eine einwandfreie Rieselfähigkeit der Teilchen Voraussetzung, da andernfalls durch Verhaken der Teilchen eine "Brückenbildung" im Vorratsbunker stattfindet und das gleichmäßige Ausfließen und damit die Mengendosierung der Teilchen gestört'öder verhindert wird. Besonders bei vollautomatischen Verpackungsanlagen führt dies zu empfindlichen Störungen.In contrast to the requirement for gearing, the packaging particles should also have good flow properties. The light, foamed plastic particles are usually brought into storage containers in free fall from storage silos. To do this, the particles must be able to flow freely, since otherwise the particles become "bridged" in the storage bunker and the uniform outflow and thus the quantity of the particles is prevented or disturbed. In the case of fully automatic packaging systems in particular, this leads to sensitive faults.
Man hat nun versucht, durch bestimmte Formgebung der geschäumten Kunststoffteilchen diese sich widersprechenden Anforderungen an das Packmaterial zu erfüllen, um bei guter Verhakung oder Verzahnung der Teilchen im Verpackungsbehältnis gleichzeitig. eine gute Rieselfähigkeit bei der Entnahme aus dem Vorratsbehälter zu erreichen. Neben diesen mechanischen Anforderungen an das Packmaterial steht die Forderung nach geringstem Brandrisiko beim Lagern und Aufschäumen der Teilchen.Attempts have now been made to meet these contradicting requirements for the packaging material by means of a specific shape of the foamed plastic particles, in order at the same time with good interlocking or meshing of the particles in the packaging container. to achieve good flowability when removing from the storage container. In addition to these mechanical requirements for the packaging material, there is also the requirement for the lowest fire risk when storing and foaming the particles.
Als Beispiele für die Form solcher Teilchen seien genannt:Examples of the shape of such particles are:
S-Form, Y-Form, gewellte längliche oder runde Blättchen, Ringe, aufgeschlitzte Ringe, 8-förmige Hohlkörper, spiralige Körper, Teilchen in der Form von Kartoffel-Chips, Halbkugeln, sattelförmige Teilchen, hantelförmige Teilchen, 5 und Flocken.S-shape, Y-shape, wavy oblong or round leaflets, rings, slit rings, 8-shaped hollow bodies, spiral bodies, particles in the form of potato chips, hemispheres, saddle-shaped particles, dumbbell-shaped particles, 5 and flakes.
Die meisten dieser so geformten Teilchen haben entweder gute Rieselfähigkeit mit mäßiger Verhakungseigenschaft oder sehr gute Verhakungseigenschaft bei geringer Rieselfähigkeit.Most of the particles thus shaped either have good free-flowing properties with moderate entanglement properties or very good interlocking properties with low pourability.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es, aufschäumbare Kunststoffteilchen herzustellen, die nach dem Aufschäumen ein Packmaterial ergeben, das gute Rieselfähigkeit und gleichzeitig gute Verzahnungseigenschaft aufweist.The object of the present invention was to produce foamable plastic particles which, after foaming, give a packaging material which has good flow properties and at the same time has good toothing properties.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß überraschenderweise sternförmige Teilchen ganz bestimmter Abmessungsverhältnisse in Höhe, Dicke und Breite die Forderung nach Rieselfähigkeit und Verzahnungsfähigkeit besonders gut erfüllen. Durch die vorzugsweise Verwendung von unbrennbaren Treibmitteln, z.B. Trichlorfluormethan, oder Stoffen, die unbrennbare Gase, z.B. Kohlendioxyd, als Treibmittel abspalten, wird bei den erfindungsgemäßen Teilchen auch die Forderung nach geringstem Brandrisiko erfüllt.It has now been found that, surprisingly, star-shaped particles of very specific dimensional ratios in height, thickness and width meet the requirement for flowability and toothing ability particularly well. By preferably using incombustible propellants, e.g. Trichlorofluoromethane, or substances containing non-flammable gases, e.g. Carbon dioxide, as a blowing agent, is also met in the particles according to the invention for the lowest fire risk.
Gefunden wurde ein freifließendes Packmaterial aus geschäumten Kunststoffteilchen, die eine Sternform mit drei in einer Ebene liegenden Schenkeln aufweisen und die dadurch gekennzeichnet sind, daß sie ein Verhältnis der Teilchendicke (D) zur Teilchenhöhe (H) von 1 : 2,75 bis 1 : 3,3 und ein Verhältnis von Schenkelbreite (B) zur Teilchenhöhe (H) von 1 : 2,2 bis 1 : 2,5 aufweisen, wobei die Höhe (H) 10 bis 60 mm beträgt.A free-flowing packaging material made of foamed plastic particles was found which has a star shape with three legs lying in one plane and which are characterized in that they have a ratio of the particle thickness (D) to the particle height (H) of 1: 2.75 to 1: 3 , 3 and have a ratio of leg width (B) to particle height (H) of 1: 2.2 to 1: 2.5, the height (H) being 10 to 60 mm.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Diese stellt ein aufgeschäumtes Packteilchen dar. Die hier voll sichtbare Fläche stimmt mit der Lage der Schnittfläche des nicht aufgeschäumten Teilchens überein und liegt senkrecht zur Strangabzugrichtung (R) . Die Länge des Teilchens in Strangabzugrichtung wird als Dicke (D) bezeichnet.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. This represents a foamed packing particle. The area which is fully visible here corresponds to the position of the cut surface of the non-foamed particle and is perpendicular to the strand withdrawal direction (R). The length of the particle in the strand withdrawal direction is referred to as the thickness (D).
Stellt man das Teil in der so dargestellten Form auf eine ebene Fläche, so gibt der Abstand von der Fläche bis zum höchsten Punkt des Teilchens seine Höhe (H) an. Jeweils zwei der drei Schenkel des Teilchens haben eine Linie (Knicklinie) (1,2,3) gemeinsam. Der Abstand dieser Linien voneinander wird als Breite (B) der Schenkel bezeichnet.If you place the part in the shape shown on a flat surface, the distance from the surface to to the highest point of the particle its height (H). Two of the three legs of the particle have a line (fold line) (1,2,3) in common. The distance between these lines is called the width (B) of the legs.
Liegen die Verhältnisse von Teilchendicke bzw. Schenkelbreite zur Teilchenhöhe außerhalb der beanspruchten Bereiche, so ist, wie die Vergleichsbeispiele zeigen, nur eine der geforderten Eigenschaften, Fließverhalten oder Packwirkung, gut, während die andere unbefriedigend ist. So zeigen dünne, hohe Teilchen oder Teilchen mit schmalen, langen Schenkeln zwar eine sehr gute Packwirkung, sie rieseln aber so schlecht, daß sie nicht ohne Stockungen eingefüllt werden können. Andererseits rieseln Teilchen, bei denen Höhe und Dicke annähernd gleich sind, bzw. bei denen die Schenkelbreite so groß ist, daß sich die Teilchen der Dreiecksform nähern, zwar ausgezeichnet, die Packwirkung ist aber unzureichend, da das Packgut durch sein Gewicht nach unten wandert.If the ratios of particle thickness or leg width to particle height are outside the claimed ranges, then, as the comparative examples show, only one of the required properties, flow behavior or packing effect is good, while the other is unsatisfactory. Thus, thin, tall particles or particles with narrow, long legs have a very good packing effect, but they trickle so badly that they cannot be filled in without stagnation. On the other hand, particles trickle in which the height and thickness are approximately the same, or in which the leg width is so large that the particles approach the triangular shape, although excellent, but the packing effect is inadequate because the packaged goods migrate downward due to their weight.
Die Höhe der erfindungsgemäßen geschäumten Teilchen beträgt 10 bis 60 mm, vorzugsweise 20 bis 50 mm.The height of the foamed particles according to the invention is 10 to 60 mm, preferably 20 to 50 mm.
Als Kunststoffe für die erfindungsgemäßen Teilchen eignen sich die üblicherweise für geschäumte Packmaterialteilchen verwendeten Thermoplasten, vorzugsweise wird Polystyrol eingesetzt.Suitable thermoplastics for the particles according to the invention are the thermoplastics usually used for foamed packaging material particles, preferably polystyrene.
Zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verpackungsmaterials wird zunächst durch Aufschmelzen des Kunststoffes in einer Strangpresse, Eindosieren eines geeigneten Treibmittels, vorzugsweise eines unbrennbaren, z.B. Trichlorfluormethan oder Octafluorcyclobutan, unter Druck in die Kunststoffschmelze und Auspressen der treibmittelhaltigen Schmelze durch eine entsprechende Formöffnung und Granulieren ein kompaktes, treibmittelhaltiges, nicht aufgeschäumtes Granulat hergestellt. Um ein AufschäumenTo produce the packaging material according to the invention, first of all by melting the plastic in an extrusion press, metering in a suitable blowing agent, preferably an incombustible, e.g. Trichlorofluoromethane or octafluorocyclobutane, under pressure in the plastic melt and squeezing out the blowing agent-containing melt through a corresponding mold opening and granulating a compact, blowing agent-containing, not foamed granulate. Foaming
bei der Extrusion zu verhindern, werden die aus der Strangpresse austretenden Stränge rasch, zweckmäßigerweise durch ein Wasserbad, abgekühlt. Anschließend werden die gekühlten Stränge senkrecht zur Abzugsrichtungin Teilchen einer solchen Dicke geschnitten, daß nach dem Aufschäumen bei den Teilchen das oben angegebene Verhältnis von D zu H erfüllt ist.To prevent extrusion, the strands emerging from the extruder are cooled rapidly, expediently by a water bath. The cooled strands are then cut perpendicularly to the draw-off direction into particles of such a thickness that, after the foaming, the ratio of D to H given above is satisfied.
Die so entstandenen expandierbaren Teilchen können durch Erwärmen über ihren Erweichungspunkt, z.B. durch Wasserdampf, zu dem erfindungsgemäßen Packmaterial aufgeschäumt werden. Üblicherweise wird.diese Verschäumung erst beim Verbraucher ausgeführt. Anstelle eines physikalischen Treibmittels kann dem Kunststoff auch vor der Extrusion ein chemisches Treibmittel, das beim Erwärmen Gase, z.B. Wasserdampf, Kohlensäure oder Stickstoff abspaltet, eingemischt werden.The expandable particles so formed can be heated to above their softening point, e.g. by steam to be foamed into the packaging material according to the invention. This foaming is usually only carried out at the consumer. Instead of a physical blowing agent, a plastic blowing agent can be added to the plastic before the extrusion process. Water vapor, carbonic acid or nitrogen is split off, mixed in.
Die Verwendung eines unbrennbaren Treibmittels hat den Vorteil, daß das bei Berührung mit einer Zündquelle austretende unbrennbare Gas als Schutzgas wirkt. Es kann auch bei der Lagerung kein explosives Gas-Luft-Gemisch entstehen wie es z.B. bei Verwendung von Pentan als Treibmittel der Fall ist und selbst bei eventueller Brandbelastung der geschäumten Teilchen kann ein in den Zellen verbleibender Restanteil. des Treibmittels eine . gewisse Schutzgaswirkung entfalten.The use of an incombustible propellant has the advantage that the incombustible gas escaping upon contact with an ignition source acts as a protective gas. Even during storage, no explosive gas-air mixture can arise, e.g. if pentane is used as a blowing agent, and even if the foamed particles are exposed to fire, there may be a residual portion remaining in the cells. of the blowing agent one. develop a certain protective gas effect.
In der folgenden Tabelle 1 wird die Überlegenheit der erfindungsgemäßen Teilchen im Riesel-und Packverhalten gegenüber Teilchen anderer Abmessungsverhältnisse dargestellt.,Table 1 below shows the superiority of the particles according to the invention in the flow and packing behavior compared to particles of other dimensional ratios.
Vier Gruppen von sternförmigen Packmaterialteilchen aus geschäumtem Polystyrol mit unterschiedlichen Abmessungen wurden hergestellt und geprüft. Die Abmessun - gen wurden an jeweils zehn Teilchen einer Gruppe gemessen und der Mittelwert aus diesen Messungen angegeben.Four groups of star-shaped packing material particles made of foamed polystyrene with different dimensions were produced and tested. The dimensions were measured on ten particles from each group and the mean value from these measurements was given.
Zur Bestimmung der Rieselfähigkeit wurde folgende Prüfung durchgeführt:
- Ein Behälter mit senkrechten Wandflächen und einer quadratischen Grundfläche von 0,5 m Kantenlänge wurde mit Packmittelteilchen gefüllt, die ein Schüttvolumen von 80 Litern einnahmen. Die Bodenfläche des Behälters war zur Mitte unter 45 Grad geneigt und wies dort eine quadratische Öffnung von 0,15 m Kantenlänge auf. Die Zeit, die das Packmaterial zum Ausfließen aus diesem Behälter benötigte, wurde als Maß für die Rieselfähigkeit genommen.
- A container with vertical wall surfaces and a square base with an edge length of 0.5 m was filled with packaging particles that had a bulk volume of 80 liters. The bottom surface of the container was inclined to the center at 45 degrees and had a square opening there with an edge length of 0.15 m. The time it took for the packaging material to flow out of this container was taken as a measure of the flowability.
Das Packverhalten wurde auf einem Rütteltisch ermittelt. Zum Einsatz kam ein Rütteltisch mit folgenden technischen Daten:
- Frequenz 50 Hertz: Amplituden: 40 bzw. 50 mm horizontal 50 mm vertikal
- Horizontale Beschleunigung: 15 g (147,15 m/sec2) bzw. 9,5 g (93,195 m/sec2)
- Vertikale Beschleunigung: 16 g (156,96 m/sec2).
- Frequency 50 Hertz: Amplitudes: 40 or 50 mm horizontally 50 mm vertically
- Horizontal acceleration: 15 g (147.15 m / sec 2 ) or 9.5 g (93.195 m / sec2)
- Vertical acceleration: 16 g (156.96 m / sec 2 ).
Ein Behälter mit senkrechten Wandflächen und einer quadratischen Grundfläche von 0,5 m Kantenlänge wurde bis zur Höhe von 0,3 m mit Packmaterialteilchen gefüllt. Das Material wurde dann 1 Sekunde durch Rütteln vorverdichtet. Anschließend wurde als Probekörper ein Stahlzylinder mit 32 mm Durchmesser, 100 mm Länge und 0,64 kg Gewicht in der Mitte des Behälters so aufgelegt, daß seine Längsachse horizontal lag. Es wurde die Zeit bestimmt, die der Stahlzylinder nach Einschalten des Rütteltisches benötigte, um auf dem Boden des Behälters aufzuliegen. Bei der Riesel- und Packprüfung wurden jeweils fünf Versuche durchgeführt. Die so erhaltenen Werte sind in der Tabelle 1 aufgeführt, wobei die "Packkörpergruppe 1" die erfindungsgemäßen Teilchen beinhaltet. Die "Packkörpergruppen" 2, 3 und 4 zeigen die Werte für Teilchen anderer Abmessungsverhältnisse.A container with vertical wall surfaces and a square base with an edge length of 0.5 m was filled with packing material particles up to a height of 0.3 m. The material was then pre-compacted by shaking for 1 second. A steel cylinder with a diameter of 32 mm, a length of 100 mm and a weight of 0.64 kg was then placed in the center of the container as a test specimen so that its longitudinal axis was horizontal. The time it took for the steel cylinder to lie on the bottom of the container after the vibrating table was switched on was determined. Five trials were carried out in each of the trickle and pack tests. The values thus obtained are listed in Table 1, the “packing group 1” containing the particles according to the invention. The "packing groups" 2, 3 and 4 show the values for particles of other dimensional ratios.
Aus der Tabelle geht hervor, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Teilchen gegenüber Teilchen anderer Abmessungen in der Kombination von Rieselfähigkeit und Packverhalten eindeutig überlegen sind.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT79104322T ATE6048T1 (en) | 1978-11-08 | 1979-11-06 | FOAMED PLASTIC PARTICLES SERVING AS PACKING MATERIAL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2848338 | 1978-11-08 | ||
| DE19782848338 DE2848338A1 (en) | 1978-11-08 | 1978-11-08 | FREE-FLOWING PACKING MATERIAL MADE OF FOAMED PLASTIC |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0011215A1 true EP0011215A1 (en) | 1980-05-28 |
| EP0011215B1 EP0011215B1 (en) | 1984-02-01 |
Family
ID=6054091
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP79104322A Expired EP0011215B1 (en) | 1978-11-08 | 1979-11-06 | Foamed plastic particles serving as packing material |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4269895A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0011215B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5571278A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE6048T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1122926A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE2848338A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK146295C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES485663A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3435440A1 (en) * | 1983-12-10 | 1985-06-20 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | FOAMABLE PLASTIC GRANULES AND PACKAGING MATERIAL MADE THEREOF |
| EP0162306A2 (en) * | 1984-04-26 | 1985-11-27 | The Dow Chemical Company | Improved dunnage material |
| EP0189843A2 (en) * | 1985-01-30 | 1986-08-06 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Granular foamable plastic material and packaging material made therefrom |
| WO2017202435A1 (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-30 | Quilts Of Denmark A/S | A comfort item comprising foam filling elements |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4360339A (en) * | 1981-02-02 | 1982-11-23 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Fluidized boiler |
| US4606965A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1986-08-19 | Harry Bussey | Loose fill packing element |
| US5145742A (en) * | 1990-08-03 | 1992-09-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Polymer pellet configuration for solid-state polymerization |
| US5288740A (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-02-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for making alkenyl aromatic foam packing bodies with carbon dioxide and/or ethane blowing agent systems |
| USD383066S (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1997-09-02 | Free-Flow Packaging Corporation | Loose fill packing material |
| US8672584B2 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2014-03-18 | Rapac | Drainage beads |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3188264A (en) * | 1962-12-21 | 1965-06-08 | Tektronix Inc | Loose fill packing material |
| GB1262346A (en) * | 1969-02-04 | 1972-02-02 | Free Flow Packaging Corp | Free flow packing material of low bulk density |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3481455A (en) * | 1968-10-10 | 1969-12-02 | Free Flow Packaging Corp | Free-flowing packing material of low bulk density |
| US4042658A (en) * | 1975-11-14 | 1977-08-16 | Valcour Imprinted Papers, Inc. | Method for making packaging particles and resulting product |
-
1978
- 1978-11-08 DE DE19782848338 patent/DE2848338A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1979
- 1979-11-02 ES ES485663A patent/ES485663A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-06 DE DE7979104322T patent/DE2966625D1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-06 EP EP79104322A patent/EP0011215B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-06 US US06/091,779 patent/US4269895A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1979-11-06 AT AT79104322T patent/ATE6048T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-07 CA CA339,341A patent/CA1122926A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-07 DK DK472079A patent/DK146295C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-07 JP JP14343279A patent/JPS5571278A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3188264A (en) * | 1962-12-21 | 1965-06-08 | Tektronix Inc | Loose fill packing material |
| GB1262346A (en) * | 1969-02-04 | 1972-02-02 | Free Flow Packaging Corp | Free flow packing material of low bulk density |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3435440A1 (en) * | 1983-12-10 | 1985-06-20 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | FOAMABLE PLASTIC GRANULES AND PACKAGING MATERIAL MADE THEREOF |
| EP0144961A3 (en) * | 1983-12-10 | 1985-12-18 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Foamable resin granules and packing material using them |
| EP0144961B1 (en) * | 1983-12-10 | 1991-09-04 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Foamable resin granules and packing material using them |
| EP0162306A2 (en) * | 1984-04-26 | 1985-11-27 | The Dow Chemical Company | Improved dunnage material |
| EP0162306A3 (en) * | 1984-04-26 | 1987-09-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Improved dunnage material |
| EP0189843A2 (en) * | 1985-01-30 | 1986-08-06 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Granular foamable plastic material and packaging material made therefrom |
| EP0189843A3 (en) * | 1985-01-30 | 1988-01-13 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Granular foamable plastic material and packaging material made therefrom |
| WO2017202435A1 (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-30 | Quilts Of Denmark A/S | A comfort item comprising foam filling elements |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6344636B2 (en) | 1988-09-06 |
| DK146295C (en) | 1984-02-06 |
| ES485663A1 (en) | 1980-05-16 |
| DK472079A (en) | 1980-05-09 |
| ATE6048T1 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
| CA1122926A (en) | 1982-05-04 |
| DE2848338A1 (en) | 1980-05-22 |
| DK146295B (en) | 1983-08-29 |
| EP0011215B1 (en) | 1984-02-01 |
| JPS5571278A (en) | 1980-05-29 |
| DE2966625D1 (en) | 1984-03-08 |
| US4269895A (en) | 1981-05-26 |
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