EP0009883B1 - Fil se frisant, procédé pour sa fabrication et fil texturé ayant le toucher de la laine - Google Patents

Fil se frisant, procédé pour sa fabrication et fil texturé ayant le toucher de la laine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0009883B1
EP0009883B1 EP79301790A EP79301790A EP0009883B1 EP 0009883 B1 EP0009883 B1 EP 0009883B1 EP 79301790 A EP79301790 A EP 79301790A EP 79301790 A EP79301790 A EP 79301790A EP 0009883 B1 EP0009883 B1 EP 0009883B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filaments
yarn
class
denier
filament
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79301790A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0009883A1 (fr
Inventor
Lawrence Everett Blackmon
John Robert Dees
Darrell Albert Kelly
Wayne Thomas Mowe
Jing-Peir Yu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Celanese Corp
Original Assignee
Monsanto Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Monsanto Co filed Critical Monsanto Co
Publication of EP0009883A1 publication Critical patent/EP0009883A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0009883B1 publication Critical patent/EP0009883B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/18—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by combining fibres, filaments, or yarns, having different shrinkage characteristics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the art of melt-spun synthetic yarns and processes for their production, and more particularly to such yarns which combine high bulk with a wool-like hand.
  • a process for producing a self-crimping yarn comprising first and second types of filaments of different shrinkages, the process comprising spinning the first type of filaments by generating first and second individual streams of molten polymer of fiber-forming molecular weight, the individual streams travelling at different velocities; converting the individual streams side-by-side to form a combined stream; and quenching the combined stream to form a combined filament; spinning the second type of filaments by extruding a third stream of molten polymer of fiber-forming molecular weight from an orifice selected to give a filament with lower shrinkage than said combined filament, at a given common spinning speed; and quenching the third stream into a filament; withdrawing the filaments from the streams at the given common spinning speed in excess of 2200 meters per minute; and combining the filaments into a yarn.
  • each of the streams is of polyester polymer.
  • the spinning speed is selected such that the yarn has a shrinkage below 20%.
  • the spinning speed is selected such that the yarn has a shrinkage below 8%.
  • a multifilament yarn comprising first and second classes of filaments of different shrinkages, each of the first class of filaments having a periodic variation in denier of greater than ⁇ 10% about a mean value and possessing latent crimp; each of the second class of filaments having lower shrinkage than the shrinkage of the filaments of the first class.
  • each of the second class of filaments has a denier larger than the average denier of the first class of filaments.
  • a multifilament yarn comprising first and second classes of filaments; each of the filaments of the first class having a periodic variation in denier of greater than ⁇ 1096 about a mean value amd possessing developed crimp; each of the filaments of the second class being longer than the filaments of the first class whereby the filaments of the second class protrude from the yarn in loops.
  • each of the second class of filaments has a denier larger than the average denier of the first class of filaments.
  • polyester polymer as used herein means fiber-forming polymers at least 85% by weight of which is formable by reacting a dihydric alcohol with terephthalic acid. Polyester typically is formed either by direct esterification of ethylene glycol with terephthalic acid, or by ester interchange between ethylene glycol and dimethylterephthalate.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 illustrate the preferred embodiment of a spinneret design which can be employed for obtaining the first type of filaments according to the invention.
  • the spinneret includes a large counterbore 20 formed in the upper surface 21 of spinneret plate 22.
  • Small counterbore 24 is formed in the bottom of and at one side of large counterbore 20.
  • a large capillary 26 extends from the bottom of large counterbore 20 at the side opposite small coungerbore 24, and connects the bottom of large counterbore 20 with the lower surface 28 of plate 22.
  • Small capillary 30 connects the bottom of counterbore 24 with surface 28.
  • Capillaries 26 and 30 are each inclined four degrees from the vertical, and thus have an included angle of eight degrees.
  • Counterbore 20 has a diameter of 0.113 inch (2.87 mm), while counterbore 24 has a diameter of 0.052 inch (1.32. mm).
  • Capillary 26 has a diameter of 0.016 inch (0.406 mm) and a length of 0.146 inch (3.71 mm), while capillary 30 has a diameter of 0.009 inch (0.229 mm) and a length of 0.032 inch (0.813 mm).
  • Land 32 separates capillaries 26 and 30 as they emerge at surface 28, and has a width of 0.0043 inch (0.109 mm).
  • Plate 22 has a thickness of 0.554 inch (14.07 mm).
  • Capillaries 26 and 30 together with counterbores 20 and 24 constitute a combined orifice for spinning various novel and useful filaments according to the invention, as will be more particularly described hereinafter.
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing how polyester filament shrinkage varies with spinning speed for two illustrative cases of jet stretch.
  • the curve in dotted lines shows that the shrinkage falls from about 65% at 3400 ypm (about 3100 mpm) to about 5% at 5000 ypm (about 4500 mpm) when using spinneret capillaries having diameters of 0.063 inch (1.6 mm) and when simultaneously spinning 34 such filaments to be false-twist draw-textured to yield a textured yarn having 150 denier.
  • the solid curve shows that the shrinkage drops off at higher speeds when using spinneret capillaries having diameters of 0.015 inch (0.38 mm) when similarly simultaneously spinning 34 such fiia- ments to be false-twist draw-textured to yield a textured yarn having 150 denier.
  • Using different capillary diameters produces a family of curves between, to the left, and to the right of those illustrated.
  • the curves also can be shifted (for a given capillary diameter) by varying the polymer throughput. In other words, the curves can be shifted by varying the jet stretch, which is the ratio of yarn speed just after solidification to average speed of molten polymer in the capillary.
  • the spinneret is so designed that one of the individual streams has a velocity in its capillary between 2.0 and 7 times (preferably between 3.5 and 5.5 times) the velocity of the other of the streams in its capillary. Further advantages are obtained when the faster of the two streams has a smaller cross-sectional area than the slower of the streams, particularly in degree of crimp and spinning stability. Productivity is increased when the spinning speed is selected such that the combined filament has a shrinkage less than 30%, and is maximized when the shrinkage is less than 10%.
  • melt-spinnable polymers as a class, are achievable by use of spinnerets wherein the streams intersect outside the spinneret.
  • molten polyester polymer of normal textile molecular weight is metered at a temperature of 290°C through a spinneret having 34 combined orifices as above specifically disclosed.
  • the polymer throughput is adjusted to produce filaments of 4 average denier per filament at a spinning speed of 5200 yards per minute (4755 mpm), the molten streams being conventionally quenched into filaments by transversely directed quenching air.
  • Each solidified filament 40 has non-round cross-sectional areas which vary repetitively along its length, and, after being heated while under low tension, has variable pitch S-twisted and Z-twisted helically coiled sections, the sections being less tightly coiled in regions of large cross-sectional area than in regions of small cross-sectional area.
  • the filament cross-sectional area repetitively varies at a repetition rate of about one per meter, although this can be varied by modifying the spinning conditions and the geometry of the spinneret passages.
  • a multiple orifice spinneret will typically provide somewhat different repetition rates among the several resulting streams and filaments.
  • An example of this is qualitatively shown in Figure 7, wherein is shown that various orifices produce somewhat different repetition rates as determined by stroboscopic examination of the combined streams just below the spinneret face. The repetition rate is proportional to the stroboscope frequency bringing about apparent cessation (or freezing) of movement of the thick and thin regions of the filament.
  • the filaments have non-round cross-sections which vary by more than ⁇ 10% along the length of the filaments, and alternating S-twisted and Z-twisted helically crimped sections being out of phase from filament to filament.
  • the filaments vary repetitively along their lengths by more than ⁇ 2596 (preferably more than ⁇ 30%) in cross-sectional area.
  • the effects are particularly pronounced when the yarn has a Uster unevenness of at least 2.5%U.
  • the Uster measurement is made using the Uster Evenness Tester, Model C, together with integrator ltg-101 for this instrument.
  • the yarn speed is 182.8 meters per minute (200 ypm), the service selector is set on normal, and the sensitivity selector is set to 12.5%.
  • the % U is read from the integrator after a sample run time of 5 minutes.
  • Shrinkage is determined by the method disclosed in this paragraph. Generally speaking, a sample yarn's initial length Lo is determined while the yarn is under a tension of 0.1 grams per denier. The yarn is then subjected to a tension of 0.0025 grams per denier and placed in an oven at 120°C for five minutes. The yam is then removed from the oven, again subjected to a tension of 0.1 grams per denier and its length L 2 determined. Shrinkage percentage equals
  • the second class of filaments may be spun from spinneret orifices selected such that, at the given common spinning speed, the filaments of the first class will have a higher shrinkage than those of the second class.
  • molten polyethylene terephthalate polymer of normal molecular weight of textile apparel yarns is extruded simultaneously through two spinnerets, one of which contains 34 combined orifices as above described and the other of which contains 34 round orifices having diameters of 0.009 inch (0.229 mm).
  • the extrusion rates are selected such that each resulting class of 34 filaments has a denier of 77 at a winding or spinning speed of 5600 ypm (about 5100 meters per minute).
  • the 68 molten streams are quenched into filaments by transversely directed moving air, and the 68 filaments are converged into a common yarn bundle and wound on a bobbin at 5600 ypm as a yarn having a denier of 154.
  • the yarn is heated to 150°C while under low tension to develop the latent crimp in those filaments of the first class and to develop the shrinkage differences between the two classes of filaments.
  • Those filaments of the first class collected separately, have a shrinkage of 10.6%, while those of the second class, collected separately, have a shrinkage of 4.5%.
  • the combined yarn has a shrinkage of 6.3%.
  • Each filament of the first class has a periodic variation in denier from approximately one denier to approximately four denier, while the filament of the second class protrude in relatively large loops from the yarn bundle.
  • the denier per filament of the filaments of the second class can be increased, the range of about 5-9 dpf being particularly suitable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Procédé de fabrication d'un filé à auto- frisage, comprenant des premier et second types de filaments de rétrécissements différents, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes:
a. le filage du premier type de filaments en
(1) générant des premier et second courants individuels de polymère à l'état fondu d'un poids moléculaire apte à former des fibres, les courants, individuels se déplaçant à des vitesses différentes,
(2) faisant converger les courants individuels côte à côte, de façon à former un courant combiné, et
(3) refroidissant le courant combiné de façon à former un filament combiné,
b. le filage du second type de filaments en
(1) extrudant un troisième courant de polymère à l'état fondu d'un poids moléculaire apte à former des fibres à partir d'un orifice choisi de façon à donner un filament ayant un rétrécissement inférieur à celui du filament combiné pour une vitesse de filage commune donnée, et
(2) refroidissant le troisième courant pour constituer un filament,
c. l'extraction des filaments des courants à la vitesse de filage commune donnée supérieure à 2200 mètres par minute, et
d. la combinaison des filaments pour constituer un filé.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chacun des courants est en polymère de polyester.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de filage est choisie de façon que le filé ait un rétrécissement inférieur à 20%.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de filage est choisie de façon que le filé ait un rétrécissement inférieur à 8%.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de filage est comprise entre environ 4572 et 5486 mètres par minute, et en ce que chacun des filaments du premier type de filament est en polyester.
6. Filé à multifilaments comprenant des première et seconde classes de filaments de rétrécissements différents, caractérisé en ce que:
a. chaque filament de la première classe de filaments a une variation périodique en denier supérieure à ±10% autour d'une valeur moyenne et possède un frisage latent,
b. chaque filament de la seconde classe de filaments a un rétrécissement inférieur à celui des filaments de la première classe.
7. Filé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque filament de la seconde classe a un denier supérieur au denier moyen de la première classe de filaments.
8. Filé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la première classe de filaments est en polyester.
9. Filé à multifilaments comprenant des première et seconde classes de filaments, caractérisé en ce que:
a. chaque filament de la première classe a une variation périodique en denier supérieure à ±10% autour d'une valeur moyenne et possède un frisage développé;
b. chaque filament de la seconde classe est plus long que les filaments de la première classe, d'où il résulte que les filaments de la seconde classe débordent du filé en formant des boucles.
10. Filé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque filament de la seconde classe a un denier supérieur au denier moyen de la première classe de filaments.
11. Filé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les filaments de la première classe sont en polyester.
EP79301790A 1978-10-02 1979-08-31 Fil se frisant, procédé pour sa fabrication et fil texturé ayant le toucher de la laine Expired EP0009883B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US94768778A 1978-10-02 1978-10-02
US947687 1978-10-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0009883A1 EP0009883A1 (fr) 1980-04-16
EP0009883B1 true EP0009883B1 (fr) 1982-07-28

Family

ID=25486581

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79301790A Expired EP0009883B1 (fr) 1978-10-02 1979-08-31 Fil se frisant, procédé pour sa fabrication et fil texturé ayant le toucher de la laine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0009883B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5551809A (fr)
KR (1) KR840000347B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1123280A (fr)
DE (1) DE2963420D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0013498B1 (fr) * 1978-12-21 1982-09-22 Monsanto Company Procédé de fabrication de fils autofrisants, fils multifilaments contenant des filaments à frisure latente et fils multifilaments contenant des fils à frisure développée
US4720314A (en) * 1980-06-06 1988-01-19 Celanese Corporation Process for producing self-crimping polyester yarn
DE3164556D1 (en) * 1980-06-06 1984-08-09 Celanese Corp Process for production of self-crimping polyester yarn
US4661404A (en) * 1980-06-06 1987-04-28 Celanese Corporation Self-crimping polyester yarn
US4562029A (en) * 1980-06-06 1985-12-31 Celanese Corporation Self-crimping polyester yarn
US4376743A (en) * 1981-06-12 1983-03-15 Fiber Industries, Inc. Melt spinning process
US4600644A (en) * 1982-06-10 1986-07-15 Monsanto Company Polyester yarn, self-texturing in fabric form
US4522773A (en) * 1983-02-24 1985-06-11 Celanese Corporation Process for producing self-crimping polyester yarn
JPS59163428A (ja) * 1983-03-01 1984-09-14 モンサント・コンパニ− ステ−プルおよびステ−プルの製造方法
JPS62147619U (fr) * 1985-11-07 1987-09-18
FR2925072B1 (fr) * 2007-12-14 2010-09-10 Promiles Procede de fabrication d'un filament, filiere d'extrusion pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede de fabrication et filament obtenu
SE544982C2 (en) * 2020-07-02 2023-02-14 Ikea Supply Ag A carpet, a carpet pile yarn, and a method for producing the same

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3297783A (en) * 1962-11-16 1967-01-10 Union Carbide Corp Vinyl halide resin plasticized with a linear copolymer of a diepoxide with a 1, 2-alkylene oxide
FR2327265A1 (fr) * 1973-01-11 1977-05-06 Basf Ag Procede de preparation de copolymeres en blocs d'oxydes de polyalkylene
FR2374409A1 (fr) * 1976-12-16 1978-07-13 Akzo Nv Lubrifiants pour l'operation de mise en forme des matieres synthetiques

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3297783A (en) * 1962-11-16 1967-01-10 Union Carbide Corp Vinyl halide resin plasticized with a linear copolymer of a diepoxide with a 1, 2-alkylene oxide
FR2327265A1 (fr) * 1973-01-11 1977-05-06 Basf Ag Procede de preparation de copolymeres en blocs d'oxydes de polyalkylene
FR2374409A1 (fr) * 1976-12-16 1978-07-13 Akzo Nv Lubrifiants pour l'operation de mise en forme des matieres synthetiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS648730B2 (fr) 1989-02-15
CA1123280A (fr) 1982-05-11
JPS5551809A (en) 1980-04-15
KR830001425A (ko) 1983-04-30
EP0009883A1 (fr) 1980-04-16
DE2963420D1 (en) 1982-09-16
KR840000347B1 (ko) 1984-03-26

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