EP0007725B2 - Gespinnste-ähnliches Garn mit abwechselnde Denier aufweisenden Filamenten und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Garns - Google Patents

Gespinnste-ähnliches Garn mit abwechselnde Denier aufweisenden Filamenten und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Garns Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0007725B2
EP0007725B2 EP79301304A EP79301304A EP0007725B2 EP 0007725 B2 EP0007725 B2 EP 0007725B2 EP 79301304 A EP79301304 A EP 79301304A EP 79301304 A EP79301304 A EP 79301304A EP 0007725 B2 EP0007725 B2 EP 0007725B2
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
filaments
values
streams
filament
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Expired
Application number
EP79301304A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0007725B1 (de
EP0007725A1 (de
Inventor
Lawrence Everett Blackmon
Wayne Thomas Mowe
John Robert Dees
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Fiber Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Celanese Corp
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Application filed by Celanese Corp filed Critical Celanese Corp
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/20—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with varying denier along their length
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
    • D02G1/024—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting with provision for imparting irregular effects to the yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
    • D02G1/0246—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting at least some of the filaments being simultaneously broken or cut, e.g. by stretching or abrading
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0286—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist characterised by the use of certain filaments, fibres or yarns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to novel processes for making from a yarn consisting of essentially continuous filaments a yarn simulating one spun from staple fibers.
  • Negishi et al U.S. Patent 4 059 950 described non-uniform drawing a partially oriented filament yarn, at below the natural draw ratio and at a temperature high enough to initiate crystallisation, to produce a yarn having thick and thin portions wherein the thick portions are brittle. Subsequent draw-texturing causes the thick brittle portions to break so that the resulting yarn has protruding thick broken ends. Fabrics made from the yarn have a coarse "touch".
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new broken filament yarn having improved handle in the fabric form and which can be made by a process which can be more readily controlled.”
  • the present invention comprises a yarn bundle comprising a plurality of quasi-continuous filaments, each of the plurality of filaments having a non-round cross-sectional area which varies repetitively from small values in thin regions to large values in thick regions along its length, the large values being at least 25 % greater than the small values, the thick and thin regions being out of phase from filament to filament along the length of the yarn, and the filaments being repeatedly broken primarily in the thin regions to provide broken ends protruding from the bundle.
  • the process of the invention is one for "making a spun-like yarn, comprising melt spinning a feed yarn by contacting molten polymer streams extruded at different velocities through combined orifices, the speeds and momenta of the paired streams issuing from each combined orifice and the angle at which the streams converge outside the spinneret are such that the slower streams travel in substantially straight lines after the points at which the paired streams first touch and attach, while each of the smaller and faster of the streams forms sinuous loops back and further between successive points of attachment with its associated larger stream, the feed yarn so produced comprising a plurality of continuous filaments, each of the filaments having a non-round cross-sectional area which varies repetitively from small values in thin regions to large values in thick regions along its length, the large values being at least 25 % greater than the small values, the thick and thin regions being out of phase from filament to filament due to minor spinning differences between combined orifices, and subsequently drawing the feed yarn at a draw ratio such that a plurality of the filaments are
  • quadsi-continuous is intended to reflect the fact that the filaments are not continuous throughout the length of the yarn, being repeatedly broken in the way defined, yet they are longer than "staple fibres" and otherwise behave as continuous filaments do in forming the main structure of the yarn.
  • the filaments in the yarn bundle have alternating S and Z helical crimp along their lengths.
  • the yarn is false-twisted while being drawn.
  • the yarn is false-twisted and heat-set while being drawn.
  • the average distance between consecutive thick portions along each of the filaments is between 2 centimeters and 20 meters, and preferably between 20 centimeters and 5 meters.
  • the large area values are at least 100 % greater than the small area values, and preferably are between 300 % and 500 % of the small area values.
  • polyester polymer as used herein means fiber-forming polymers at least 85 % by weight of which is formable by reacting a dihydric alcohol with terephthalic acid. Polyester typically is formed either by direct esterification of ethylene glycol with terephthalic acid, or by ester interchange between ethylene glycol and dimethyltereph thalate.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 illustrate the preferred embodiment of a spinneret design which can be employed for obtaining all aspects of the invention.
  • the spinneret includes a large counterbore 20 formed in the upper surface 21 of spinneret plate 22.
  • Small counterbore 24 is formed in the bottom of and at one side of large counterbore 20.
  • a large capillary 26 extends from the bottom of large counterbore 20 at the side opposite small counterbore 24, and connects the bottom of large counterbore 20 with the lower surface 28 of plate 22.
  • Small capillary 30 connects the bottom of counterbore 24 with surface 28.
  • Capillaries 26 and 30 are each inclined four degrees from the vertical, and thus have an included angle of eight degrees.
  • Counterbore 20 has a diameter of 0,113 inch (2,87 mm.), while counterbore 24 has a diameter of 0,052 inch (1,32 mm.).
  • capillary 26 has a diameter of 0,016 inch (0,396mm.) and a length of 0,146 inch (3,81mm.), while capillary 30 has a diameter of 0,009 inch (0,229 mm.) and a length of 0,032 inch (0,813 mm.).
  • Land 32 separates capillaries 26 and 30 as they emerge at surface 28, and has a width of 0,0043 inch (0,108 mm.).
  • Plate 22 has a thickness of 0,554 inch (14,07 mm.).
  • Capillaries 26 and 30 together with counterbore 20 and 24 constitute a combined orifice for spinning various novel and useful filaments according to the invention, as will be more particularly described hereinafter.
  • molten polyester polymer of normal textile molecular weight is metered at a temperature of 290° C through a spinneret having 34 combined orifices as above specifically disclosed.
  • the polymer throughput is adjusted to produce filaments of 8 average denier per filament at a spinning speed of 3400 yards per minute (3091 metres per minute), the molten streams being conventionally quenched into filaments by transversely directed quenching air.
  • the slower stream attenuates between the points of attachment 38 and the loops of the faster stream become straightened until the faster stream is brought into continuous contact with the slower stream.
  • the slower stream attenuates more between the points of first attachment than at the points of first attachment so that the resulting combined stream has a cross-section which is larger at the points of first attachment than in the regions between these points.
  • the resulting combined stream is then further attenuated somewhat until it is solidified into a filament 40 by the transverse quench air.
  • Each solidified filament 40 has non-round cross-sectional areas which vary repetitively along its length. As illustrated qualitatively in Figure 5, when using the above spinning conditions, the filament cross-sectional area repetitively varies at a repetition rate of about one per meter, although this can be varied by modifying the spinning conditions and the geometry of the spinneret passages.
  • a multiple orifice spinneret will typically provide somewhat different repetition rates among the several resulting streams and filaments.
  • An example of this is qualitatively shown in Figure 6, wherein is shown that various orifices produce somewhat different repetition rates as determined by stroboscopic examination of the combined streams just below the spinneret face. The repetition rate is proportional to the stroboscope frequency bringing about apparent cessation (or freezing) of movement of the thick and thin regions of the filament.
  • each filament has a crosssectional area which varies repetitively from small values in thin regions to large values in thick regions along its length, the large values being at least 25 % greater than the small values.
  • Improved spun-like effects in the ultimate textured yarn are obtained when the large values are at least 100 % greater than the small values, with optimum results when the large values are between 300 % and 500 % of the small values.
  • the above feed yarn is simultaneously draw- textured on a Barmag FK-4 texturing machine, using as the false-twist device a friction aggregate of the type disclosed in Yu U.S. Patent 3 973 383.
  • the draw ratio is set at 1,60 with a winding speed of 385 ypm (about 350 meters per minute).
  • Both heaters are set at 200° C., with an overfeed to the second heater of 10.47 % and an overfeed to the winder of 6.79 %.
  • the aggregate speed is set such that the yarn tensions just before and just after the aggregate are equal.
  • the resulting yarn has numerous filament breaks primarily in the thin regions, the broken ends protruding from the yarn bundle.
  • the filaments are broken with considerably more control than those in the patents referred to above, and because of the variable denier, fabrics made from the resulting yarns have a much more soft and luxurious hand than those made from prior art yarns with the same average denier per filament. This softness of hand is particularly evident when the cross-sectional areas of the thick portions of the filaments are at least 100 % greater than those of the thin portions, and values between 300 % and 500 % greater are particularly preferred.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Garnbündel, bestehend aus einer Anzahl von quasikontinuierlichen Filamenten, wobei jedes der Filamente eine unrunde Querschnittsfläche aufweist, die sich entlang des Filaments wiederholt von kleinen Werten in dünnen Bereichen zu großen Werten in dicken Bereichen verändert, wobei die großen Werte mindestens 25 % größer als die kleinen Werte sind, die dicken und dünnen Bereiche entlang des Garns von Filament zu Filament außer Phase sind und die Filamente wiederholt gebrochen sind, und zwar vorzugsweise in den dünnen Bereichen, derart, daß gebrochene Enden aus dem Bündel vor springen.
2. Garnbündel nach Anspruch 1, bei welchem die Filamente entlang ihrer Länge eine alternierende schraubenförmige S- und Z-Kräuselung aufweisen.
3. Garnbündel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei welchem der durchschnittliche Abstand zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden dicken Bereichen entlang eines jeden der Filamente zwischen 2 cm und 20 m liegt.
4. Garnbündel nach Anspruch 3, bei welchem der besagte durchschnittliche Abstand zwischen 20 cm und 5 m liegt.
5. Garnbündel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem die großen Werte mindestens 100 cVo größer als die kleinen Werte sind.
6. Garnbündel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem die großen Werte zwischen 300 und 500 % größer als die kleinen Werte sind.
7. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Garns, das einem gesponnenen Garn ähnelt, bei welchem ein Beschickungsgarn schmelzgesponnen wird durch Zusammenführen von mit unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit durch kombinierte Öffnungen extrudierten geschmolzenen Polymerströmen, wobei die Geschwindigkeiten und die Momente der aus jeder kombinierten Öffnung austretenden gepaarten Ströme und der Winkel, mit welchem die Ströme außerhalb der Spinndüsenplatte konvergieren, so sind, daß die langsameren Ströme nach den Punkten, an denen sich die gepaarten Ströme zuerst berühren und aneinander haften, in im wesentlichen geraden Linien laufen, während jeder der kleineren und schnelleren Ströme zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Haftpunkten am zugehörigen größeren Strom hinund hergehende sinusförmige Schlingen bildet, wobei das so hergestellte Beschickungsgarn eine Anzahl kontinuierlicher Filamente aufweist, von denen jedes eine unrunde Querschnittsfläche besitzt, die sich entlang des Filaments von kleinen Werten in dünnen Bereichen zu großen Werten in dicken Bereichen ändert, wobei die großen Werte mindestens 25 % größer sind als die kleinen Werte und wobei die dicken und dünnen Bereiche von Filament zu Filament aufgrund kleinerer Spinnunterschiede zwischen kombinierten Öffnungen außer Phase sind, worauf das Beschickungsgarn mit einem solchen Verstreckverhältnis verstreckt wird, daß eine Anzahl der Filamente gebrochen wird, und zwar vorzugsweise in den dünnen Bereichen.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei welchem das Garn während des Verstreckens falschgezwirnt wird.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei welchem das Garn während des Verstreckens falschgezwirnt und wärmefixiert wird.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, bei welchem die großen Werte mindestens 100 % größer als die kleinen Werte sind.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, bei welchem die großen Werte zwischen 300 und 500 % größer als die kleinen Werte sind.
EP79301304A 1978-07-10 1979-07-06 Gespinnste-ähnliches Garn mit abwechselnde Denier aufweisenden Filamenten und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Garns Expired EP0007725B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US92293778A 1978-07-10 1978-07-10
US922937 1978-07-10

Publications (3)

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EP0007725A1 EP0007725A1 (de) 1980-02-06
EP0007725B1 EP0007725B1 (de) 1984-08-29
EP0007725B2 true EP0007725B2 (de) 1988-11-02

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ID=25447827

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EP79301304A Expired EP0007725B2 (de) 1978-07-10 1979-07-06 Gespinnste-ähnliches Garn mit abwechselnde Denier aufweisenden Filamenten und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Garns

Country Status (8)

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EP (1) EP0007725B2 (de)
JP (1) JPS5516990A (de)
AU (1) AU528268B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1108833A (de)
DE (1) DE2967197D1 (de)
ES (1) ES482359A1 (de)
IL (1) IL57811A0 (de)
ZA (1) ZA793442B (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4562029A (en) * 1980-06-06 1985-12-31 Celanese Corporation Self-crimping polyester yarn
US4720314A (en) * 1980-06-06 1988-01-19 Celanese Corporation Process for producing self-crimping polyester yarn
US4376743A (en) * 1981-06-12 1983-03-15 Fiber Industries, Inc. Melt spinning process
US4364998A (en) * 1981-07-20 1982-12-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spunlike yarns
JPS60224808A (ja) * 1984-04-16 1985-11-09 Teijin Ltd 崇高性複合糸の製造方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB971573A (en) * 1962-08-14 1964-09-30 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of bulked yarns
US4000960A (en) * 1972-08-04 1977-01-04 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Apparatus for manufacturing synthetic tow for stretch-cut spinning process
US4084622A (en) * 1975-06-11 1978-04-18 Toray Industries Inc. Textured polyester yarns and process for the production thereof
GB1535057A (en) * 1975-12-11 1978-12-06 Toray Industries Multifilament yarn of irregular cross section filaments or fibres and method of manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES482359A1 (es) 1980-04-01
ZA793442B (en) 1980-11-26
IL57811A0 (en) 1979-11-30
AU528268B2 (en) 1983-04-21
DE2967197D1 (en) 1984-10-04
EP0007725B1 (de) 1984-08-29
CA1108833A (en) 1981-09-15
EP0007725A1 (de) 1980-02-06
AU4877679A (en) 1980-01-17
JPS5516990A (en) 1980-02-06
JPS6330403B2 (de) 1988-06-17

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