EP0005862A1 - Exhaust gas converter for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents
Exhaust gas converter for internal-combustion engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0005862A1 EP0005862A1 EP79101766A EP79101766A EP0005862A1 EP 0005862 A1 EP0005862 A1 EP 0005862A1 EP 79101766 A EP79101766 A EP 79101766A EP 79101766 A EP79101766 A EP 79101766A EP 0005862 A1 EP0005862 A1 EP 0005862A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- converter according
- housing
- gas converter
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2846—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for granular supports, e.g. pellets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
- F01N2310/02—Mineral wool, e.g. glass wool, rock wool, asbestos or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2530/00—Selection of materials for tubes, chambers or housings
- F01N2530/02—Corrosion resistive metals
- F01N2530/04—Steel alloys, e.g. stainless steel
Definitions
- the present patent application relates to an exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines, which consists of a housing with a thermal barrier coating, a gas inlet connector and gas outlet connector located on the housing, and a container, which is provided on the top and underside with exhaust gas passage openings and is located in the interior of the housing and which is formed with a granular catalyst a catalyst bed can be filled.
- a catalytic exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines which consists of a housing that is thermally insulated from the outside, the housing consisting of an upper and a lower housing half-shell. Inside the space formed by the two housing half-shells are an upper and lower container shell, which are provided with exhaust gas passage openings. The distance between the two container shells is determined by vertical supports, the end pieces of which also penetrate the upper and lower housing shells and are rigidly connected to them.
- a disadvantage of the flat-bed reactor according to DE-AS 2 239 873 is that, owing to the lack of space in the engine compartment, it can only be installed in the area remote from the engine (underfloor arrangement) and therefore the exhaust gases only appear on the catalyst bed at low or medium temperatures, which causes the catalyst bed to run in time is heated up to the light-off temperature of the catalyst.
- the housing consists of a double jacket, the outer jacket and the inner jacket of which are arranged at a distance from one another and are mounted so as to slide against one another; that the thermal barrier coating is arranged between the outer jacket and the inner jacket, and that the container is mounted in a sliding manner.
- the gas flow is always supplied from the side, the gas flow then being deflected towards the catalyst bed through channels formed between the inner jacket or the gas baffle and the top of the associated container.
- the gas discharge takes place essentially laterally through similar channels.
- the catalyst is avoided the catalyst by the Ausgestal- u t n g the gas-permeable surfaces of the container.
- the thickness of which can be 0.7 to 2 mm
- the fine-mesh wire fabric which has a wire thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm and a mesh size of 0.5 to Can have 2 mm and the opening widths can be 10 to 90% of the opening widths of the perforated plate, is arranged between the perforated plate and the catalyst grains.
- the compact arrangement in the converter according to the invention achieves a higher temperature level in the catalyst beds and limited heat radiation in the engine compartment.
- thermal expansion compensation takes place for the parts subjected to high temperatures. Furthermore, a considerable thermal stress on the housing, which has to absorb the forces, is avoided.
- the converter according to the invention can be arranged either directly after the exhaust manifold of the internal combustion engine or instead of the exhaust manifold directly on its block.
- the outer jacket which has to absorb the forces (tension, bending, pressure, vibration), can be manufactured inexpensively from conventional steels or cast iron. This is possible because of this component. thanks to the internal thermal insulation layer, which can consist of Al 2 O 3 or ZrO 2 threads, stays cold.
- the inner jacket as well as the containers and gas baffles are to be made from heat-resistant steels or alloys, e.g. INCONEL, but can be kept thin-walled because the outer jacket takes on the supporting function.
- expansion compensation of the components exposed to the high temperature is possible such that the hot inner jacket can move freely against the cold outer jacket over the space filled with a thermal insulation layer between the two jackets (sliding fit), while the containers containing the catalyst move as Parcel gliding supported on at least one bolt on the outer jacket - move freely or stretch and contract inside the housing below the breaking point.
- the housing 1 of the converter which has a gas inlet connector 2 and a gas outlet connector 3, consists of an outer jacket 4 and an inner jacket 5, which are arranged at a distance from one another and only slide in the end region of the gas inlet connector 2 and the gas outlet connector 3.
- a heat insulation layer 6 is arranged between the outer jacket 4 and the inner jacket 5.
- At least two containers 7 are arranged one above the other within the housing 1, the upper and lower sides of which are gas-permeable.
- the containers 7 are filled with granular catalyst to form a catalyst bed 8.
- the upper and lower walls of each container 7 consist of high-temperature-resistant perforated sheet 9 with large hole diameters or slot dimensions, on the sides of which facing the catalyst grains there is a close-meshed wire mesh 10.
- At least one vertically arranged bolt 11 extends through the housing 1, the upper and lower ends of which penetrate the inner casing 5 and are rigidly connected to it.
- a plurality of sleeves 12, which are provided on both sides with a collar or washers, are pushed onto the bolt 11, by means of which the distance between the top and bottom of each container 7 and, on the other hand, the distance between the individual containers 7 and the container 7 from the inner jacket 5 are determined becomes.
- a stepped gas baffle 13 is arranged, the horizontal part of which is penetrated by the bolt 11 and is mounted between the collars of two sleeves, while its vertical parts are aligned with the outer wall of each container 7 and are tightly connected to them.
- the containers 7 can be filled with granular catalyst from the outside via filler neck 14.
- the gas-permeable surfaces of the containers 7 are supported by a plurality of spacers 15 running perpendicular to them (FIG. 2).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Ein Abgaskonverter für Brennkrafumaschinen besteht aus einem Gehäuse (1) mit Wärmedämmschicht (6). je einem am Gehäuse (1) befindlichen Gaseintrinsstutzen (2) und Gasaustrinsstutzen (3) sowie mindestens einem an seiner Ober- und Unterseite mit Gasdurchtrittsöffnungen versehenen, im Innern des Gehäuses (1) befindlichen Behälter (7). Der Behälter (7) ist mit körnigem Katalysator unter Ausbildung eines Katalysatorbettes (8) befüllbar. Das Gehäuse (1) besteht aus einem Doppelmantel. dessen Außenmantel (4) und dessen Innenmantel (5) mit Abstand voneinander angeordnet und gegeneinander gleitend gelagert sind. Dabei ist die Wärmedämmschicht (6) zwischen dem Außenmantel (4) und dem Innenmantel (5) angeordnet. Die Behälter (7) sind gleitend gelagert. An exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines consists of a housing (1) with a thermal barrier coating (6). One gas inlet connection (2) and one gas outlet connection (3) located on the housing (1) and at least one container (7) provided on the top and bottom with gas through openings in the interior of the housing (1). The container (7) can be filled with granular catalyst to form a catalyst bed (8). The housing (1) consists of a double jacket. the outer casing (4) and the inner casing (5) of which are arranged at a distance from one another and are mounted so as to slide against one another. The heat insulation layer (6) is arranged between the outer jacket (4) and the inner jacket (5). The containers (7) are slidably mounted.
Description
Die vorliegende Patentanmeldung betrifft einen Abgaskonverter für Brennkraftmaschinen, welcher aus einen Gehäuse mit Wärmedämmschicht, je einen am Gehäuse befindlichen Gaseintrittsstutzen und Gasaustrittsstutzen und einem mit an seiner Ober- und Unterseite mit Abgasdurchtrittsöffnungen versehenen, im Innern des Gehäuses befindlichen Behälter, welcher mit körnigem Katalysator unter Ausbildung eines Katalysatorbettes befüllbar ist, besteht.The present patent application relates to an exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines, which consists of a housing with a thermal barrier coating, a gas inlet connector and gas outlet connector located on the housing, and a container, which is provided on the top and underside with exhaust gas passage openings and is located in the interior of the housing and which is formed with a granular catalyst a catalyst bed can be filled.
Aus der DE-AS 2.239 873 ist ein katalytischer Abgaskonverter für Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, welcher aus einem Gehäuse besteht, das nach außen wärmeisoliert ist, wobei das Gehäuse aus einer oberen und einer unteren Gehäusehalbschale besteht. Innerhalb des von den beiden Gehäusehalbschalen gebildeten Raumes befinden sich eine obere und untere Behälterschale, welche mit Abgasdurchtrittsöffnungen versehen sind. Der Abstand zwischen den beiden Behälterschalen ist durch vertikale Stützen festgelegt, deren Endstücke auch die obere und die untere Gehäuseschale durchdringen und mit ihnen starr verbunden sind.From DE-AS 2.239 873 a catalytic exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines is known, which consists of a housing that is thermally insulated from the outside, the housing consisting of an upper and a lower housing half-shell. Inside the space formed by the two housing half-shells are an upper and lower container shell, which are provided with exhaust gas passage openings. The distance between the two container shells is determined by vertical supports, the end pieces of which also penetrate the upper and lower housing shells and are rigidly connected to them.
Der von den beiden Behälterschalen gebildete Behälter ist mit teilchenförmigem Katalysator'unter Ausbildung eines Katalysatorbettes gefüllt. Das Gehäuse ist von einem Gaseintrittsstutzen und einem Gasaustrittsstutzen durchdrungen, wobei der Gaseintrittsstutzen strömungsmäßig mit dem Behälter und der Gasaustrittsstuzten strömungsmäßig mit dem zwischen dem Behälter und einer Gehäusehalbschale gebildeten Raum verbunden ist.The container formed by the two container shells is filled with particulate catalyst to form a catalyst bed. The housing is penetrated by a gas inlet connector and a gas outlet connector, the gas inlet connector being fluidly connected to the container and the gas outlet connector being fluidly connected to the space formed between the container and a housing half-shell.
Die mit Hilfe der Stützen zusammengesetzten Behälter- und Gehäusehalbschalen sind durch eine einzige durchgehende Umfangsschweißnaht nach außen und innen abgedichtet. Nachteilig ist bei dem Flachbettreaktor gemäß DE-AS 2 239 873, daß er wegen des fehlenden Platzangebotes im Motorraum nur im motorfernen Bereich eingebaut werden kann (Unterfluranordnung) und daher die Abgase nur mit niederen oder mittleren Temperaturen auf das Katalysatorbett auftreten, wodurch das Katalysatorbett zeitlich verzögert auf die Anspringtemperatur des Katalysators aufgeheizt wird.The container and housing half-shells assembled with the help of the supports are sealed to the outside and inside by a single continuous circumferential weld seam. A disadvantage of the flat-bed reactor according to DE-AS 2 239 873 is that, owing to the lack of space in the engine compartment, it can only be installed in the area remote from the engine (underfloor arrangement) and therefore the exhaust gases only appear on the catalyst bed at low or medium temperatures, which causes the catalyst bed to run in time is heated up to the light-off temperature of the catalyst.
Von Nachteil ist ferner, daß der Konverter auch nur im Bereich niederer oder mittlerer Temperaturen einsetzbar ist, da das Fehlen eines Wärmedehnungsausgleiches zwischen den mit hohen Temperaturen beaufschlagten Konverterteilen sowie die Temperaturbeanspruchung des die Kräfte aufnehmenden Gehäuses zum Bruch des Konverters führen kann.Another disadvantage is that the converter can also be used only in the range of low or medium temperatures, since the lack of thermal expansion compensation between the converter parts subjected to high temperatures and the thermal stress on the housing which absorbs the forces can lead to the converter breaking.
Die Mängel des bekannten Konverters (großflächige Bauform, fehlender Wärmedehnungsausgleich, ungünstige Gasanströmung des Katalysatorbettes) verursachen einen unzulässig hohen Katalysatorabrieb.The shortcomings of the known converter (large-scale design, lack of thermal expansion compensation, unfavorable gas flow to the catalyst bed) cause an inadmissibly high catalyst abrasion.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Abgaskonverter für Brennkraftmaschinen zu schaffen, bei welchem Relativbewegungen der Katalysatorkörner gegeneinander durch gleichen statischen und dynamischen Gasdruck in der Katalysatorschüttung vermieden werden und welcher wegen des für verschiedene Katalysatorarten vorteilhaften Einbaus in Motornähe durch kompakte Bauweise unter ausreichender Bemessung von Katalysatorvolumen und Katalysatoranströmfläche schmale, hohe oder unsymmetrische Raumangebote im Motorraum auszunutzen erlaubt.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines, in which relative movements of the catalyst grains against one another other be avoided by the same static and dynamic gas pressure in the catalyst bed and which allows to use narrow, high or asymmetrical space in the engine compartment due to the advantageous installation for different types of catalyst near the engine through compact design with sufficient dimensioning of catalyst volume and catalyst inflow area.
Das wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß das Gehäuse aus einem Doppelmantel besteht, dessen Außenmantel und dessen Innenmantel mit Abstand voneinander angeordnet und gegeneinander gleitend gelagert sind; daß zwischen dem Außenmantel und dem Innenmantel die Wärmedämmschicht angeordnet ist, und daß der Behälter gleitend gelagert ist.This is achieved according to the invention in that the housing consists of a double jacket, the outer jacket and the inner jacket of which are arranged at a distance from one another and are mounted so as to slide against one another; that the thermal barrier coating is arranged between the outer jacket and the inner jacket, and that the container is mounted in a sliding manner.
Der Konverter gemäß der Erfindung kann wahlweise auch noch dadurch ausgestaltet sein, daß .
- a) mindestens zwei Behälter mit Abstand übereinander angeordnet sind;
- b) mindestens drei Behälter angeordnet sind; 1
- c) sich zwischen zwei benachbarten Behältern ein treppenartig gestaltetes Gasleitblech befindet;
- d) sich durch das Gehäuse mindestens ein vertikal angeordneter Bolzen erstreckt, dessen oberes und unteres Ende den Innenmantel durchdringt, mit ihm starr verbunden ist und auf dem Außenmantel gleitet; daß der Bolzen die Behälter und das Gasleitblech durchdringen, und daß auf den Bolzen mehrere Hülsen aufgeschoben sind, durch welche die Abstände zwischen der Ober- und Unterseite jedes Behälters bzw. zwischen den einzelnen Behälter bzw. zwischen dem Gasleitblech und den Behältern festgelegt sind;
- e) der Außenmantel aus ferritischem Stahl oder Gußeisen besteht;
- f) der Innenmantel aus dünnwandigen warmfesten Stählen oder Legierungen geringer Wärmekapazität besteht;
- g) der Innenmantel eine Wandstärke von 0,8 bis 1,8 mm aufweist;
- h) die Behälter gasundurchlässige Stirnseiten aufweisen, während ihre Ober- und Unterseiten aus Lochblech bestehen, an deren dem Katalysator zugewandten Seite engmaschiges Drahtgewebe anliegt;
- i) sich durch das Gehäuse mindestens zwei Bolzen erstrecken;
- j) sich durch das Gehäuse drei Bolzen erstrecken;
- k) das Gasleitblech aus einem horizontalen und zwei vertikalen Teilen besteht, wobei die vertikalen Teile - mit der Stirnseite je eines Behälters fluchten und mit ihnen dichtschließend verbunden sind;
- 1) die Hülsen an mindestens einem Ende mit einem Kragen versehen sind.
- a) at least two containers are spaced one above the other;
- b) at least three containers are arranged; 1
- c) there is a stair-shaped gas baffle between two adjacent containers;
- d) at least one vertically arranged bolt extends through the housing, the upper and lower ends of which penetrate the inner casing, are rigidly connected to it and slide on the outer casing; that the bolt penetrate the container and the gas baffle, and that a plurality of sleeves are pushed onto the bolt, by means of which the distances between the top and bottom of each container or between the individual containers or between the gas baffle and the containers are determined;
- e) the outer jacket is made of ferritic steel or cast iron;
- f) the inner jacket consists of thin-walled heat-resistant steels or alloys with low heat capacity;
- g) the inner jacket has a wall thickness of 0.8 to 1.8 mm;
- h) the containers have gas-impermeable end faces, while their upper and lower sides consist of perforated sheet metal, on the side facing the catalyst, close-meshed wire mesh is present;
- i) at least two bolts extend through the housing;
- j) three bolts extend through the housing;
- k) the gas baffle consists of a horizontal and two vertical parts, the vertical parts being aligned with the end face of a container and being tightly connected to them;
- 1) the sleeves are provided with a collar on at least one end.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Konverter werden Verwerfungen des Konverters durch seine kleinflächige kompakte Bauform sowie wegen des vorhandenen-Wärmedehnungsausgleiches ver-mieden.In the converter according to the invention, distortions of the converter are avoided due to its compact, compact design and because of the existing thermal expansion compensation.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Konverter erfolgt die Zuführung des Gasstromes stets von der Seite, wobei der Gasstrom anschließend durch zwischen dem Innenmantel bzw. dem Gasleitblech und der Oberseite des zugehörigen Behälters gebildete Kanäle in Richtung auf das Katalysatorbett umgelenkt wird. Die Gasabführung erfolgt durch ähnliche Kanäle im wesentlichen seitlich. Durch diese Art der Gasführung wird das Katalysatorbett gleichmäßig durchströmt und dadurch Abrieb des Katalysators vermieden.In the converter according to the invention, the gas flow is always supplied from the side, the gas flow then being deflected towards the catalyst bed through channels formed between the inner jacket or the gas baffle and the top of the associated container. The gas discharge takes place essentially laterally through similar channels. Through this type of gas flow, the catalyst bed is flowed through uniformly and thereby abrasion of the catalyst is avoided.
Weiterhin wird Abrieb des Katalysators durch die Ausgestal- tung der gasdurchlässigen Flächen der Behälter vermieden. An den scharfen Kanten des Lochbleches, dessen Stärke 0,7 bis 2 mm betragen kann, gibt es keinen Abrieb von Katalysator, da das feinmaschige Drahtgewebe, welches eine Drahtstärke von 0,5 bis 1,5 mm sowie eine Maschenweite von 0,5 bis 2 mm aufweisen kann und dessen Öffnungsweiten 10 bis 90 % der 0ffnungsweiten des Lochbleches betragen können, zwischen Lochblech und Katalysatorkörnern angeordnet ist.Furthermore, abrasion is avoided the catalyst by the Ausgestal- u t n g the gas-permeable surfaces of the container. There is no abrasion of catalyst on the sharp edges of the perforated plate, the thickness of which can be 0.7 to 2 mm, since the fine-mesh wire fabric, which has a wire thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm and a mesh size of 0.5 to Can have 2 mm and the opening widths can be 10 to 90% of the opening widths of the perforated plate, is arranged between the perforated plate and the catalyst grains.
Beim Konverter nach der Erfindung können mehrere,in der Regel 2 bis 4 Katalysatorbetten im Parallelstrom von oben nach unten durchströmt werden, wodurch infolge der Bereitstellung großer Gasanströmflächen die Gasströmung einen geringen Druckverlust erfährt.In the converter according to the invention, several, usually 2 to 4 catalyst beds can be flowed through in parallel from top to bottom, as a result of which the gas flow experiences a small pressure loss as a result of the provision of large gas inflow surfaces.
Durch die kompakte Anordnung im erfindungsgemäßen Konverter wird ein höheres Temperaturniveau in den Katalysatorbetten und eine begrenzte Wärmeabstrahlung im Motorraum erzielt.The compact arrangement in the converter according to the invention achieves a higher temperature level in the catalyst beds and limited heat radiation in the engine compartment.
Beim Konverter gemäß der Erfindung erfolgt ein Wärmedehnungsausgleich der mit hohen Temperaturen beanspruchten Teile. Weiterhin wird eine erhebliche Wärmebeanspruchung des Gehäuses, welches die Kräfte aufzunehmen hat, vermieden.In the converter according to the invention, thermal expansion compensation takes place for the parts subjected to high temperatures. Furthermore, a considerable thermal stress on the housing, which has to absorb the forces, is avoided.
Der erfindungsgemäße Konverter kann entweder im Anschluß an das Abgassammelrohr der Brennkraftmaschine oder anstelle des Abgassammelrohres direkt an ihrem Block angeordnet sein.The converter according to the invention can be arranged either directly after the exhaust manifold of the internal combustion engine or instead of the exhaust manifold directly on its block.
Beim Konverter gemäß der Erfindung ist der Außenmantel, welcher die Kräfte (Zug, Biegung, Druck, Schwingung) aufzunehmen hat, preisgünstig aus üblichen Stählen oder Gußeisen zu fertigen. Dies ist möglich, da dieses Bauteil . durch die innenliegende Wärmedämmschicht, wel che aus Al2O3-oder ZrO2-Fäden bestehen kann, kalt bleibt. Der Innenmantel sowie die Behälter und Gasleitbleche sind aus warmfesten Stählen bzw. Legierungen, beispielsweise INCONEL, zu fertigen, können aber, da der Außenmantel die Tragfunktion übernimmt,dünnwandig gehalten werden.In the converter according to the invention, the outer jacket, which has to absorb the forces (tension, bending, pressure, vibration), can be manufactured inexpensively from conventional steels or cast iron. This is possible because of this component. thanks to the internal thermal insulation layer, which can consist of Al 2 O 3 or ZrO 2 threads, stays cold. The inner jacket as well as the containers and gas baffles are to be made from heat-resistant steels or alloys, e.g. INCONEL, but can be kept thin-walled because the outer jacket takes on the supporting function.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Konverter ist ein Dehnungsausgleich der der hohen Temperatur ausgesetzten Bauteile derartig möglich, daß sich der heiße Innenmantel gegen den kalten Außenmantel über den mit einer Wärmedämmschicht gefüllten Raum zwischen beiden Mänteln frei bewegen kann (Gleitsitz), während sich die den Katalysator enthaltenden Behälter - als Paket gleitend abgestützt über mindestens einen Bolzen auf dem Außenmantel - frei bewegen bzw. im Innern des Gehäuses unterhalb der Bruchgrenze dehnen und zusammenziehen können.In the converter according to the invention, expansion compensation of the components exposed to the high temperature is possible such that the hot inner jacket can move freely against the cold outer jacket over the space filled with a thermal insulation layer between the two jackets (sliding fit), while the containers containing the catalyst move as Parcel gliding supported on at least one bolt on the outer jacket - move freely or stretch and contract inside the housing below the breaking point.
In der beigefügten Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele des Gegenstandes der Erfindung schematisch und teilweise im Schnitt dargestellt.In the accompanying drawing, exemplary embodiments of the object of the invention are shown schematically and partially in section.
Dabei zeigen:
- Figur 1 eine Seitenansicht auf eine Ausführungsform des Konverters mit einem Detail eines Gleitsitzes;
Figur 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie II - II in Figur 1.,- Figur 3 eine Seitenansicht auf eine andere Ausführungsform des Konverters mit den Details zweier Gleitsitze.
- Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the converter with a detail of a sliding seat;
- FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,
- Figure 3 is a side view of another embodiment of the converter with the details of two sliding seats.
Das Gehäuse 1 des Konverters, welches einen Gaseintrittsstutzen 2 und einen Gasaustrittsstutzen 3 aufweist, besteht aus einem Außenmantel 4 und aus einem Innenmantel 5, welche mit Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind und sich lediglich im Endbereich des Gaseintrittsstutzens 2 und des Gasaustrittsstutzens 3 gleitend berühren. Zwischen dem Außenmantel 4 und dem Innenmantel 5 ist eine Wärmedämmschicht 6 angeordnet. Innerhalb des Gehäuses.1 sind mindestens zwei Behälter 7 mit Abstand übereinander angeordnet, deren Ober- und Unterseite gasdurchlässig gestaltet sind. Die Behälter 7 sind mit körnigem Katalysator unter Ausbildung eines Katalysatorbettes 8 gefüllt. Dabei bestehen die obere und die untere Wand jedes Behälters 7 aus hochtemperaturbeständigem Lochblech 9 mit großen Lochdurchmessern oder Schlitzabmes- sungen,an dessen den Katalysatorkörnern zugewandten Seiten engmaschiges Drahtgewebe 10 anliegt. Durch das Gehäuse 1 erstreckt sich mindestens ein vertikal angeordneter Bolzen 11, dessen oberes und unteres Ende den Innenmantel 5 durchdringt und mit ihm starr verbunden ist. Auf den Bolzen 11 sind mehrere, beidseitig mit Kragen oder Scheiben versehene Hülsen 12 aufgeschoben, durch welche einerseits der Abstand zwischen der Ober- und Unterseite jedes Behälters 7 sowie andererseits der Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Behältern 7 bzw. der Behälter 7 von dem Innenmantel 5 festgelegt wird. Zwischen zwei benachbarten Behältern 7 ist jeweils ein treppenartig gestaltetes Gasleitblech 13 angeordnet, dessen horizontaler Teil von dem Bolzen 11 durchdrungen und zwischen den Kragen zweier Hülsen gelagert ist, während seine vertikalen Teile mit der Außenwand je eines Behälters 7 fluchten und mit ihnen dichtschließend verbunden sind.The housing 1 of the converter, which has a
Die Behälter 7 sind von außen her über Füllstutzen 14 mit körnigem Katalysator befüllbar.The
Die gasdurchlässigen Flächen der Behälter 7 sind durch mehrere, senkrecht zu ihnen verlaufende Abstandshalter 15 abgestützt (Fig. 2).The gas-permeable surfaces of the
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19782824567 DE2824567A1 (en) | 1978-06-05 | 1978-06-05 | EXHAUST GAS CONVERTER FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES |
DE2824567 | 1978-06-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0005862A1 true EP0005862A1 (en) | 1979-12-12 |
EP0005862B1 EP0005862B1 (en) | 1982-03-10 |
Family
ID=6041051
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP79101766A Expired EP0005862B1 (en) | 1978-06-05 | 1979-06-05 | Exhaust gas converter for internal-combustion engines |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4264561A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0005862B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS54159522A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1127542A (en) |
DE (2) | DE2824567A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK232979A (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3228325A1 (en) * | 1982-07-29 | 1984-02-02 | Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen | FILTER AND AFTER COMBUSTION DEVICE |
ATE44582T1 (en) * | 1985-07-25 | 1989-07-15 | Interatom | BRACKET FOR A METALLIC EXHAUST CATALYST SUPPORT BODY AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE. |
JPS62138812U (en) * | 1986-02-26 | 1987-09-01 | ||
DE3700070A1 (en) * | 1987-01-02 | 1988-07-14 | Eberspaecher J | DEVICE FOR CATALYTIC CLEANING OF VEHICLE ENGINE EXHAUST GAS |
FI921889A (en) * | 1991-05-02 | 1992-11-03 | Scambia Ind Dev Ag | KATALYSATOR FOER KATALYTISK BEHANDLING AV AVGASER |
JP2580353Y2 (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1998-09-10 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | Automotive catalytic converter |
DE4408130A1 (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1995-09-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Device for exhaust gas purification in internal combustion engines |
US8309032B2 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2012-11-13 | Vida Holdings Ltd. | Catalytic converter apparatus |
KR20150139968A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2015-12-14 | 테네코 오토모티브 오퍼레이팅 컴파니 인코포레이티드 | Engine exhaust after-treatment system |
US9551266B2 (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2017-01-24 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | External exhaust guiding flow chambers for multiple catalyst architecture |
US10598068B2 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2020-03-24 | Emissol, Llc | Catalytic converters having non-linear flow channels |
JP6797152B2 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-12-09 | マレリ株式会社 | Exhaust purification device |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2909415A (en) * | 1954-06-22 | 1959-10-20 | Oxy Catalyst Inc | Catalytic exhaust purifier |
FR1268668A (en) * | 1959-07-31 | 1961-08-04 | Auto Union Gmbh | Device for the complementary catalytic combustion of unburned or partially burned fuel constituents in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines |
US3090677A (en) * | 1961-03-09 | 1963-05-21 | Arvin Ind Inc | Catalytic converter |
US3146073A (en) * | 1960-08-12 | 1964-08-25 | Gen Motors Corp | Catalytic converter apparatus |
US3186806A (en) * | 1961-11-20 | 1965-06-01 | Du Pont | Catalytic exhaust converter |
DE2239873A1 (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1973-03-15 | Gen Motors Corp | Exhaust gas catalytic convertor - with cross flow catalyst enclosure and tapering plenum chambers |
US3879944A (en) * | 1974-03-20 | 1975-04-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Catalytic converter |
FR2252486A1 (en) * | 1973-11-23 | 1975-06-20 | Universal Oil Prod Co | |
FR2292862A1 (en) * | 1974-11-26 | 1976-06-25 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | THERMAL INSULATION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE EXHAUST TUBING |
FR2292860A1 (en) * | 1974-11-28 | 1976-06-25 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | INTERNAL COMBUSTION GASOLINE ENGINE |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3771969A (en) * | 1971-05-10 | 1973-11-13 | Arvin Ind Inc | Catalytic converter |
US3852041A (en) * | 1971-12-23 | 1974-12-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Low profile catalytic converter |
DE2216644A1 (en) * | 1972-04-07 | 1973-10-11 | Kali Chemie Ag | ELASTIC MOUNT FOR CERAMIC MONOLITHIC CATALYST BODY |
US3853483A (en) * | 1972-10-18 | 1974-12-10 | Air Prod & Chem | Exhaust gas catalytic treatment system |
-
1978
- 1978-06-05 DE DE19782824567 patent/DE2824567A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1979
- 1979-06-01 DK DK232979A patent/DK232979A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-06-04 CA CA329,035A patent/CA1127542A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-04 US US06/045,073 patent/US4264561A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1979-06-05 JP JP6951179A patent/JPS54159522A/en active Pending
- 1979-06-05 EP EP79101766A patent/EP0005862B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-05 DE DE7979101766T patent/DE2962251D1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2909415A (en) * | 1954-06-22 | 1959-10-20 | Oxy Catalyst Inc | Catalytic exhaust purifier |
FR1268668A (en) * | 1959-07-31 | 1961-08-04 | Auto Union Gmbh | Device for the complementary catalytic combustion of unburned or partially burned fuel constituents in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines |
US3146073A (en) * | 1960-08-12 | 1964-08-25 | Gen Motors Corp | Catalytic converter apparatus |
US3090677A (en) * | 1961-03-09 | 1963-05-21 | Arvin Ind Inc | Catalytic converter |
US3186806A (en) * | 1961-11-20 | 1965-06-01 | Du Pont | Catalytic exhaust converter |
DE2239873A1 (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1973-03-15 | Gen Motors Corp | Exhaust gas catalytic convertor - with cross flow catalyst enclosure and tapering plenum chambers |
FR2252486A1 (en) * | 1973-11-23 | 1975-06-20 | Universal Oil Prod Co | |
US3879944A (en) * | 1974-03-20 | 1975-04-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Catalytic converter |
FR2292862A1 (en) * | 1974-11-26 | 1976-06-25 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | THERMAL INSULATION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE EXHAUST TUBING |
FR2292860A1 (en) * | 1974-11-28 | 1976-06-25 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | INTERNAL COMBUSTION GASOLINE ENGINE |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS54159522A (en) | 1979-12-17 |
US4264561A (en) | 1981-04-28 |
EP0005862B1 (en) | 1982-03-10 |
DK232979A (en) | 1979-12-06 |
CA1127542A (en) | 1982-07-13 |
DE2824567A1 (en) | 1979-12-06 |
DE2962251D1 (en) | 1982-04-08 |
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