EP0001199B1 - Process for preparing para-benzoquinone - Google Patents

Process for preparing para-benzoquinone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0001199B1
EP0001199B1 EP78420006A EP78420006A EP0001199B1 EP 0001199 B1 EP0001199 B1 EP 0001199B1 EP 78420006 A EP78420006 A EP 78420006A EP 78420006 A EP78420006 A EP 78420006A EP 0001199 B1 EP0001199 B1 EP 0001199B1
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Prior art keywords
process according
copper
phenol
ions
benzoquinone
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EP0001199A1 (en
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Michel Costantini
Michel Jouffret
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Rhone Poulenc Recherches SA
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Rhone Poulenc Industries SA
Rhone Poulenc Recherches SA
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C46/00Preparation of quinones
    • C07C46/02Preparation of quinones by oxidation giving rise to quinoid structures
    • C07C46/06Preparation of quinones by oxidation giving rise to quinoid structures of at least one hydroxy group on a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C46/08Preparation of quinones by oxidation giving rise to quinoid structures of at least one hydroxy group on a six-membered aromatic ring with molecular oxygen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for preparing para-benzoquinone by oxidation of phenol with oxygen or a gas containing it.
  • Para-benzoquinone - which will be referred to more simply hereinafter as benzoquinone - is a particularly important organic product from the industrial point of view since it provides access by hydrogenation to hydroquinone used in particular in the photographic industry.
  • Cupric ions are preferred for the implementation of this process and whatever the solvent used the results obtained are of the same order of magnitude.
  • the present invention relates to a process for the oxidation of phenol to benzoquinone in an apparatus which is inert with respect to the reaction medium and which provides improved phenol conversion rates and / or higher yields of benzoquinone.
  • the subject of the present invention is a process for the preparation of benzoquinone by oxidation of phenol by molecular oxygen or a gas which contains it, in an organic solvent, in the presence of cuprous or cupric ions and of a complexing agent of the copper, characterized in that one operates in the presence of a reducing agent for cupric ions into cuprous ions taken from the group formed by diphenols, substituted alkyl phenols, aliphatic aldehydes, aliphatic ketones containing from 3 to 6 atoms carbon, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic olefins and diolefins.
  • substituted phenols which can be used as reducing agents
  • diphenols mention may be made of hydroquinone and trimethylhydroquinone
  • the aliphatic aldehydes use is preferably made of lower alkanals such as formaldehyde, ethanal and propanal
  • ketones acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, mesityl oxide and among the olefins and diolefins, cyclohexene and isoprene can be mentioned.
  • the quantity of reducing agent used can vary within wide limits because it can serve as a reaction medium when it is liquid under the conditions of the reaction. In general it is at least 0.01 mole of reducing agent per copper ion present, and preferably at least 0.1 mole per copper ion, and more preferably still at least 1 mole.
  • polar organic compounds are used, taken from the group formed by nitriles, lower aliphatic alcohols (alcohols having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms), secondary amine amides and sulfoxides.
  • nitriles lower aliphatic alcohols (alcohols having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms), secondary amine amides and sulfoxides.
  • use is preferably made of acetonitrile and methanol.
  • a reducing agent is used as solvent, use is preferably made of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone.
  • the copper complexing agents are chosen from the compounds which introduce cyanate, thiocyanate, cyanide and halide anions into the reaction medium.
  • alkali or alkaline earth salts are used. Lithium chloride, bromide and fluoride are particularly suitable. The amount of these salts is generally between 0.1 and 5 moles per ion. copper and preferably between 0.5 and 2.
  • copper ions - or 11 various copper salts can be used, however copper halides are used, in particular cuprous or cupric chlorides and cupric nitrate.
  • the amount of copper catalyst expressed in number of copper ions per mole of phenol can vary within wide limits. In general, this amount represents from 0.01 to 5 copper ions per mole of phenol; however it is undesirable from a practical point of view to use amounts of catalyst introducing more than 1 copper ion per mole of phenol. In general, 0.02 to 1 copper ion is used per mole of phenol.
  • the temperature at which the reaction is carried out can vary within wide limits. Temperatures of 10 to 120 ° C and preferably 20 to 100 ° C are suitable.
  • the oxidation is carried out under a partial pressure of oxygen of at least 5 bars. Although there is no critical upper limit of the pressure, in practice, partial pressures of oxygen higher than 100 bars and preferably higher than 50 bars are not used.
  • the gas containing molecular oxygen may be air or oxygen-depleted or oxygen-enriched air, or mixtures of oxygen with various inert gases.
  • the concentration of phenol in the solvent is not critical and can take extremely varied values.
  • the reaction is carried out in an apparatus resistant to pressure, inert with respect to the reaction mass such as autoclaves made of enamelled steel or coated with tantalum.
  • Example 8 The procedure is as in Example 8 but in the presence of CuCl 2 instead of CuCI.
  • the reaction mass is brought to 70 ° C. for 2 hours, then left to stand for 64 hours at 20 ° C.
  • the phenol conversion rate is 81% and the yield of para-benzoquinone 45%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de préparation de la para-benzoquinone par oxydation du phénol par l'oxygène ou un gaz en contenant.The present invention relates to a process for preparing para-benzoquinone by oxidation of phenol with oxygen or a gas containing it.

La para-benzoquinone-que l'on désignera plus simplement ci-après benzoquinone- est un produit organique particulièrement important du point du vue industriel puisqu'il permet d'accéder par hydrogénation à l'hydroquinone utilisée notamment dans l'industrie photographique.Para-benzoquinone - which will be referred to more simply hereinafter as benzoquinone - is a particularly important organic product from the industrial point of view since it provides access by hydrogenation to hydroquinone used in particular in the photographic industry.

On a proposé de nombreux procédés de préparation de l'hydroquinone à partir du phénol; ces procédés mettent en jeu l'hydroxylation du phénol essentiellement par l'eau oxygénée elle-même ou par des peracides organiques tels que les acides peracétique et performique engendrés "in situ" à partir de l'eau oxygénée et de l'acide carboxylique. Ils conduisent dans tous les cas à la formation con- comittante d'hydroquinone et de pyrocatéchine, ce dernier produit étant généralement formé en quantités prépondérantes. Certains de ces procédés d'hydroxylation par l'eau oxygénée se sont révélés d'un grand intérêt et font l'objet d'une exploitation industrielle pour la production des diphénols. Néanmoins l'industrie est à la recherche d'un procédé permettant d'obtenir sélectivement l'hydroquinone à partir du phénol, la formation des autres diphénols et notamment de la pyrocatéchine étant limitée voir même totalement évitée. L'oxydation sélective du phénol en para-benzoquinone apparaît comme un moyen de résoudre le problème et c'est pourquoi on assite à un effort de recherche de l'industrie pour la mise au point d'un procédé d'oxydation du phénol en benzoquinone par l'oxygène moléculaire ou un gaz en contenant.Many processes have been proposed for the preparation of hydroquinone from phenol; these methods involve the hydroxylation of phenol essentially by hydrogen peroxide itself or by organic peracids such as peracetic and performic acids generated "in situ" from hydrogen peroxide and carboxylic acid. In all cases, they lead to the concurrent formation of hydroquinone and pyrocatechol, the latter product generally being formed in preponderant amounts. Some of these methods of hydroxylation by hydrogen peroxide have proved to be of great interest and are the subject of industrial exploitation for the production of diphenols. Nevertheless, the industry is looking for a process making it possible to selectively obtain hydroquinone from phenol, the formation of the other diphenols and in particular of pyrocatechin being limited or even completely avoided. The selective oxidation of phenol to para-benzoquinone appears to be a means of solving the problem and that is why we are witnessing an industry research effort for the development of a process for the oxidation of phenol to benzoquinone by molecular oxygen or a gas containing it.

Ainsi, dans la demande de brevet français publiée sous le numéro 2 245 602, on a décrit un procédé de préparation de benzoquinone à partir de divers phénols et notamment de la benzoquinone à partir du phénol par oxydation par l'oxygène moléculaire ou un gaz qui en contient (air par exemple), en présence d'un catalyseur comprenant du cuivre et un ligand chlore, brome, iode, thiocyanate, cyanate ou cyanure, dans un solvant polaire. Bien que le cuivre métallique puisse être mis en oeuvre dans des conditions qui permettent son oxydation en ions cuivreux ou cuivriques, ce sont généralement des sels de cuivre qui sont utilisés et notamment des halogénures cuivreux ou cuivriques et en particulier le chlorure cuivrique. Dans le brevet américain 3 987 068 on a proposé un procédé analogue selon lequel la réaction est conduite en présence d'un sel de cuivre dans un nitrile formant un complexe avec le sel de cuivre. Bien que ces procédés assurent généralement un bon taux de conversion du phénol et des rendements industriellement intéressants en benzoquinone, on a constaté que lorsque l'on opère dans un appareillage qui n'est pas inerte vis-à-vis du milieu réactionnel -appareil en acier ou en fer- ses parois sont rapidement attaquées à un degré tel qu'il est pratiquement impossible d'envisager la mise en oeuvre industrielle d'un tel procédé. D'autre par ton a constaté que si l'on utilise un appareillage inerte vis-à-vis du milieu réactionnel la réaction n'a pratiquement pas lieu lorsqu'on la conduit en présence d'ions cuivriques; le recours à la présence d'un agent complexant du cuivre tel que ceux précités est nécessaire pour obtenir la formation de benzoquinone, mais le taux de transformation du phénol et les rendements en benzoquinone restent limités. Dans la demande française FR 2 138 030, on a décrit un procédé d'oxydation de phénols substitués en les quinones substituées correspondantes par l'oxygène en présence d'ions cuivre, d'ions halogènes et d'un agent complexant des ions métalliques, au sein d'un solvant qui peut être indifféremment un alcool, un glycol, un éther ou un amide. Les ions cuivriques sont préférés pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et quel que soit le solvant utilisé les résultats obtenus sont du même ordre de grandeur. En définitive, il résulte de l'enseignement de la demande française FR 2 138 030 que lors de l'oxydation des phénols substitués, il est préférable d'utiliser des ions cuivriques et que la nature du solvant présent est sans effet sur le déroulement de la réaction. La présente invention concerne un procédé d'oxydation du phénol en benzoquinone dans un appareillage inerte vis-à-vis du milieu réactionnel et qui procure des taux de transformation améliorés du phénol et/ou des rendements supérieurs en benzoquinone.Thus, in the French patent application published under the number 2 245 602, a process has been described for the preparation of benzoquinone from various phenols and in particular benzoquinone from phenol by oxidation with molecular oxygen or a gas which contains it (air for example), in the presence of a catalyst comprising copper and a chlorine, bromine, iodine, thiocyanate, cyanate or cyanide ligand, in a polar solvent. Although metallic copper can be used under conditions which allow its oxidation to cuprous or cupric ions, it is generally copper salts which are used and in particular cuprous or cupric halides and in particular cupric chloride. In US Patent 3,987,068 an analogous process has been proposed in which the reaction is carried out in the presence of a copper salt in a nitrile forming a complex with the copper salt. Although these processes generally ensure a good conversion rate of phenol and industrially advantageous yields of benzoquinone, it has been found that when operating in an apparatus which is not inert with respect to the reaction medium - apparatus in steel or iron walls are quickly attacked to such a degree that it is practically impossible to envisage the industrial implementation of such a process. On the other hand, you have found that if an apparatus which is inert with respect to the reaction medium is used, the reaction practically does not take place when it is carried out in the presence of cupric ions; recourse to the presence of a copper complexing agent such as those mentioned above is necessary to obtain the formation of benzoquinone, but the rate of conversion of the phenol and the yields of benzoquinone remain limited. In French application FR 2 138 030, a process has been described for the oxidation of substituted phenols to the corresponding substituted quinones with oxygen in the presence of copper ions, halogen ions and a complexing agent for metal ions, in a solvent which can be either an alcohol, a glycol, an ether or an amide. Cupric ions are preferred for the implementation of this process and whatever the solvent used the results obtained are of the same order of magnitude. Ultimately, it follows from the teaching of French application FR 2 138 030 that during the oxidation of substituted phenols, it is preferable to use cupric ions and that the nature of the solvent present has no effect on the course of the reaction. The present invention relates to a process for the oxidation of phenol to benzoquinone in an apparatus which is inert with respect to the reaction medium and which provides improved phenol conversion rates and / or higher yields of benzoquinone.

Plus spécifiquement la présente invention a pour objet un procédé de préparation de benzoquinone par oxydation du phénol par l'oxygène moléculaire ou un gaz qui en contient, dans un solvant organique, en présence d'ions cuivreux ou cuivriques et d'un agent complexant du cuivre, caractérisé en ce que l'on opère en présence d'un agent réducteur des ions cuivriques en ions cuivreux pris dans le groupe formé par les diphénols, les phénols alcoyl substitués, les aldéhydes aliphatiques, les cétones aliphatiques comportant de 3 à 6 atomes de carbone, les oléfines et dioléfines aliphatiques et cycloaliphatiques.More specifically, the subject of the present invention is a process for the preparation of benzoquinone by oxidation of phenol by molecular oxygen or a gas which contains it, in an organic solvent, in the presence of cuprous or cupric ions and of a complexing agent of the copper, characterized in that one operates in the presence of a reducing agent for cupric ions into cuprous ions taken from the group formed by diphenols, substituted alkyl phenols, aliphatic aldehydes, aliphatic ketones containing from 3 to 6 atoms carbon, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic olefins and diolefins.

Comme exemple de phénols substitués utilisables comme réducteurs, on peut citer les crésols, les diméthylphénols, les triméthylphénols tels que le triméthyl-2,4,6 phénol, le triméthyl-2,3,6 phénol et le triméthyl-2,3,5 phénol; comme diphénols on peut citer l'hydroquinone et la triméthylhydroquinone; parmi les aldéhydes aliphatiques on fait appel de préférence aux alcanals inférieurs tels que le formaldéhyde, l'éthanal et le propanal; parmi les cétones on peut citer l'acétone, la méthyléthylcétone, la méthylisopropylcétone, la méthylisobutylcétone, l'oxyde de mésityle et parmi les oléfines et ' dioléfines, le cyclohexène et l'isoprène.As an example of substituted phenols which can be used as reducing agents, mention may be made of cresols, dimethylphenols, trimethylphenols such as 2,4,4,6-trimethylphenol, 2,3,6-trimethylphenol and 2,3,5-trimethyl phenol; as diphenols, mention may be made of hydroquinone and trimethylhydroquinone; among the aliphatic aldehydes, use is preferably made of lower alkanals such as formaldehyde, ethanal and propanal; among the ketones, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, mesityl oxide and among the olefins and diolefins, cyclohexene and isoprene can be mentioned.

La quantité de réducteur mis en oeuvre peut varier dans de larges limites car il peut servir de milieu réactionnel lorsqu'il est liquide dans les conditions de la réaction. En général elle est d'au moins 0,01 mole de réducteur par ion cuivre présent, et de préférence d'au moins 0,1 mole par ion cuivre, et plus préférentiellement encore au moins 1 mole.The quantity of reducing agent used can vary within wide limits because it can serve as a reaction medium when it is liquid under the conditions of the reaction. In general it is at least 0.01 mole of reducing agent per copper ion present, and preferably at least 0.1 mole per copper ion, and more preferably still at least 1 mole.

Lorsque l'on opére en présence d'un tiers solvant il n'est pas nécessaire d'utiliser plus de 2 moles de réducteur par ion cuivre.When operating in the presence of a third solvent it is not necessary to use more than 2 moles of reducing agent per copper ion.

Comme tiers solvant on utilise des composés organiques polaires pris dans le groupe formé par les nitriles, les alcools aliphatiques inférieurs (alcools ayant de 1 à 4 atomes de carbone), les amides d'amines secondaires et les sulfoxydes. Parmi ces composés on fait appel de préférence à l'acétonitrile et au méthanol. Lorsqu'on utilise un réducteur comme solvant on fait appel de préférence à l'acétone, la méthyléthylcétone, la méthylisobutylcétone.As a third solvent, polar organic compounds are used, taken from the group formed by nitriles, lower aliphatic alcohols (alcohols having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms), secondary amine amides and sulfoxides. Among these compounds, use is preferably made of acetonitrile and methanol. When a reducing agent is used as solvent, use is preferably made of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone.

Les agents complexants du cuivre sont choisis parim les composés introduisant dans le milieu réactionnel des anions cyanate, thiocyanate, cyanure et halogènure. On fait appel de préférence à des sels alcalins ou alcalino-terreux. Le chlorure, le bromure et le fluorure de lithium conviennent tout particulièrement bien. La quantité de ces sels est en genéral comprise entre 0,1 et 5 moles par ion. cuivre et de préférence entre 0,5 et 2.The copper complexing agents are chosen from the compounds which introduce cyanate, thiocyanate, cyanide and halide anions into the reaction medium. Preferably alkali or alkaline earth salts are used. Lithium chloride, bromide and fluoride are particularly suitable. The amount of these salts is generally between 0.1 and 5 moles per ion. copper and preferably between 0.5 and 2.

Comme source d'ions cuivre - ou 11, on peut utiliser divers sels de cuivre, toutefois on fait appel préférence aux halogénures de cuivre et en particulier aux chlorures cuivreux ou cuivriques et au nitrate cuivrique.As a source of copper ions - or 11, various copper salts can be used, however copper halides are used, in particular cuprous or cupric chlorides and cupric nitrate.

La quantité de catalyseur au cuivre exprimé en nombre d'ions cuivre par mole de phénol peut varier dans de larges limites. En général cette quantité représente de 0,01 à 5 ions cuivre par mole de phénol; cependant il n'est pas souhaitable d'un point de vue pratique d'avoir recours à des quantités de catalyseur introduisant plus de 1 ion cuivre par mole de phénol. On utilise en général de 0,02 à 1 ion cuivre par mole de phénol.The amount of copper catalyst expressed in number of copper ions per mole of phenol can vary within wide limits. In general, this amount represents from 0.01 to 5 copper ions per mole of phenol; however it is undesirable from a practical point of view to use amounts of catalyst introducing more than 1 copper ion per mole of phenol. In general, 0.02 to 1 copper ion is used per mole of phenol.

La température à laquelle on conduit la réaction peut varier dans de larges limites. Des températures de 10 à 120°C et de préférence de 20 à 100°C conviennent bien. L'oxydation est réalisée sous une pression partielle d'oxygène d'au moins 5 bars. Bien qu'il n'y ait pas de limite supérieure critique de la pression, en pratique, on ne recourt pas à des pressions partielles d'oxygène supérieures à 100 bars et de préférence supérieures à 50 bars.The temperature at which the reaction is carried out can vary within wide limits. Temperatures of 10 to 120 ° C and preferably 20 to 100 ° C are suitable. The oxidation is carried out under a partial pressure of oxygen of at least 5 bars. Although there is no critical upper limit of the pressure, in practice, partial pressures of oxygen higher than 100 bars and preferably higher than 50 bars are not used.

Le gaz contenant de l'oxygène moléculaire peut être l'air ou de l'air appauvri ou enrichi en oxygène, ou des mélanges d'oxygène avec divers gaz inertes.The gas containing molecular oxygen may be air or oxygen-depleted or oxygen-enriched air, or mixtures of oxygen with various inert gases.

La concentration du phénol dans le solvant n'est pas critique et peut prendre des valeurs extrêmement variées.The concentration of phenol in the solvent is not critical and can take extremely varied values.

D'un point de vue pratique, la réaction est conduite dans un appareillage résistant à la pression, inerte vis-à-vis de la masse réactionnelle tel que les autoclaves en acier émaillé ou chemisé en tantale.From a practical point of view, the reaction is carried out in an apparatus resistant to pressure, inert with respect to the reaction mass such as autoclaves made of enamelled steel or coated with tantalum.

Les exemples suivants illustrent l'invention et montrent comment elle peut être mise en pratique.The following examples illustrate the invention and show how it can be practiced.

Exemple 1Example 1

Dans un autoclave chemisé en tantale de 0,5 1, agité par secousses, on charge successivement: 90 cm3 de méthanol; 0,075 mole de phénol; 0,022 mole de CuCl2; 0,022 mole de propanal et 0,044 mole de chlorure de lithium. On ferme l'autoclave puis introduit de l'air jusqu'à une pression de 100 bars; après quoi on porte la température à 70°C. On maintient le contenu de l'appareil dans ces conditions pendant 2 heures sous agitation. Après refroidissement, on dégaze la masse réactionnelle dans laquelle on dose par chromatographie en phase gazeuse et par polarographie, le phénol non transformé, la p-benzoquinone et le cas échéant les diphénols.In a 0.5 l tantalum-coated autoclave, shaken, the following are successively charged: 90 cm 3 of methanol; 0.075 mole of phenol; 0.022 mole of CuCl 2 ; 0.022 mole of propanal and 0.044 mole of lithium chloride. The autoclave is closed and then air is introduced up to a pressure of 100 bars; after which the temperature is brought to 70 ° C. The contents of the apparatus are maintained under these conditions for 2 hours with stirring. After cooling, the reaction mass is degassed, in which, by gas chromatography and polarography, the phenol, the p-benzoquinone and, where appropriate, the diphenols are measured.

Le taux de transformation du phénol s'élève dans ces conditions à 89% et le rendement en benzoquinone par rapport au phénol transformé à 60%.The phenol conversion rate under these conditions is 89% and the yield of benzoquinone relative to the phenol transformed at 60%.

A titre comparatif on a répété l'exemple précédent mais d'abord en opérant en absence de chlorure de lithium et de propanal (essai A), puis en opérant seulement en absence de propanal (essai B). Les résultats ont été les suivants:

Figure imgb0001
By way of comparison, the preceding example was repeated, but first by operating in the absence of lithium chloride and propanal (test A), then by operating only in the absence of propanal (test B). The results were as follows:
Figure imgb0001

Exemples 2 à 8Examples 2 to 8

On a opéré comme à l'exemple 1, à 65°C, en faisant varier la nature du réducteur, les autres conditions restant les mêmes, sauf indications contraires. Les résultats ont été rassemblés dans le tableau suivant:

Figure imgb0002

  • (1) la quantité de méthyléthylcétone est de 75 cm3 et la quantité de méthanol de 15 cm3.
  • (2) exemple réalisé dans la méthyléthylcétone (90 cm3) sans tiers solvant, en présence de 0,022 mole de CuCI au lieu de CuCl2.
  • (3) exemple réalisé comme l'exemple 7 mais dans 90 cm3 d'acétone.
The procedure was as in Example 1, at 65 ° C, varying the nature of the reducer, the other conditions remaining the same, unless otherwise indicated. The results have been collated in the following table:
Figure imgb0002
  • (1) the amount of methyl ethyl ketone is 75 cm3 and the amount of methanol is 15 cm3.
  • (2) example carried out in methyl ethyl ketone (90 cm3) without third-party solvent, in the presence of 0.022 mole of CuCl instead of CuCl 2 .
  • (3) example carried out as in example 7 but in 90 cm3 of acetone.

Exemple 9Example 9

On opère comme à l'exemple 8 mais en présence de CuCl2 au lieu de CuCI. La masse réactionnelle est portée 2 heures à 70°C, puis laissée au repos 64 heures à 20°C. La taux de transformation du phénol s'élève à 81% et le rendement en para-benzoquinone à 45%.The procedure is as in Example 8 but in the presence of CuCl 2 instead of CuCI. The reaction mass is brought to 70 ° C. for 2 hours, then left to stand for 64 hours at 20 ° C. The phenol conversion rate is 81% and the yield of para-benzoquinone 45%.

Exemples 10 à 13Examples 10 to 13

On opère comme à l'exemple 8 dans les conditions suivantes:

  • solvant: acétone à 0,2% d'eau
  • concentration du phénol dans l'acétone: 0,83 M/1
  • température: 70°C
  • pression d'air: 100 bars
  • durée: 4 heures
  • catalyseur: chlorure cuivreux
The procedure is as in Example 8 under the following conditions:
  • solvent: acetone at 0.2% water
  • concentration of phenol in acetone: 0.83 M / 1
  • temperature: 70 ° C
  • air pressure: 100 bars
  • duration: 4 hours
  • catalyst: copper chloride

en faisant varier le rapport molaire CuCI/phénol et le rapport molaire LiCI/CuCI, on a obtenu les résultats suivants:

Figure imgb0003
by varying the CuCI / phenol molar ratio and the LiCI / CuCI molar ratio, the following results were obtained:
Figure imgb0003

Exemple 14Example 14

On opère comme à l'exemple 13 en remplaçant l'acétone par la méthylisobutylcétone. La taux de transformation du phénol s'élève à 65% et- le rendement en benzoquinone par rapport au phénol transformé à 70,5%.The procedure is as in Example 13, replacing acetone with methyl isobutyl ketone. The phenol conversion rate is 65% and the yield of benzoquinone relative to the transformed phenol is 70.5%.

Exemples 15 et 16Examples 15 and 16

On opère comme à l'exemple 13 mais à 60°C dans l'acétone à 0,08% d'eau et la méthyléthylcétone à 0,016% d'eau.The procedure is as in Example 13 but at 60 ° C in acetone with 0.08% water and methyl ethyl ketone with 0.016% water.

On a obtenu les résultats suivants:

Figure imgb0004
The following results were obtained:
Figure imgb0004

Claims (11)

1. Process for the preparation of para-benzoquinone by oxidising phenol with molecular oxygen or with a gas containing molecular oxygen, in an organic solvent, in the presence of cuprous or cupric ions and of a copper complexing agent, characterised in that it is carried out in the presence of an agent for reducing cupric ions to cuprous ions, selected from the group consisting of the diphenols, the substituted alkylphenols, the aliphatic aldehydes, the aliphatic ketones containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic olefines and diolefines.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol, hydroquinone, acetone, methyl isobutyl-ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, mesityl oxide, isoprene and cyclohexene.
3. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the amount of reducing agent is at least 0.01 mol per copper ion.
4. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the copper complexing agent is an alkali metal halide or alkaline earth metal halide. -
5. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the amount of complexing agent is between 0.1 and 5 mols per copper ion.
6. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the solvent is methanol and acetonitrile.
7. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the temperature is between 10 and 120°C and the partial oxygen pressure is between 5 and 100 bars.
8. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the copper ions are in the form of cupric chloride.
9. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the amount of copper ions per mol of phenol is between 0.01 and 5.
10. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it is carried out in a reducing agent as the solvent.
11. Process according to claim 10, characterised in that the reducing agent is acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or methyl isobutyl ketone.
EP78420006A 1977-09-05 1978-08-30 Process for preparing para-benzoquinone Expired EP0001199B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7727530A FR2401896A1 (en) 1977-09-05 1977-09-05 PARA-BENZOQUINONE PREPARATION PROCESS
FR7727530 1977-09-05

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EP0001199A1 EP0001199A1 (en) 1979-03-21
EP0001199B1 true EP0001199B1 (en) 1981-09-16

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EP78420006A Expired EP0001199B1 (en) 1977-09-05 1978-08-30 Process for preparing para-benzoquinone

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EP (1) EP0001199B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5448726A (en)
BR (1) BR7805765A (en)
CA (1) CA1109481A (en)
DE (1) DE2861085D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2401896A1 (en)
IT (1) IT1099035B (en)
ZA (1) ZA785012B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2449667A1 (en) * 1979-02-21 1980-09-19 Rhone Poulenc Ind PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF PARA-BENZOQUINONES
JPS59225137A (en) * 1983-06-06 1984-12-18 Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc Preparation of 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3213114A (en) * 1962-06-19 1965-10-19 Ethyl Corp Preparation of quinones and hydroquinones
IL39225A (en) * 1971-05-17 1975-07-28 Sparamedica Ag Process for the manufacture of methyl substituted p-benzoquinones

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1099035B (en) 1985-09-18
FR2401896B1 (en) 1980-09-12
EP0001199A1 (en) 1979-03-21
BR7805765A (en) 1979-05-15
ZA785012B (en) 1979-08-29
FR2401896A1 (en) 1979-03-30
DE2861085D1 (en) 1981-12-03
JPS5448726A (en) 1979-04-17
IT7827320A0 (en) 1978-09-05
CA1109481A (en) 1981-09-22

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