EP0000458B1 - Pneumatic tyre - Google Patents

Pneumatic tyre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000458B1
EP0000458B1 EP78400037A EP78400037A EP0000458B1 EP 0000458 B1 EP0000458 B1 EP 0000458B1 EP 78400037 A EP78400037 A EP 78400037A EP 78400037 A EP78400037 A EP 78400037A EP 0000458 B1 EP0000458 B1 EP 0000458B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tyre
mixture
profiled
resistance
radial direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP78400037A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0000458A1 (en
Inventor
Michel Balland
Daniel Moers
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Pneumatiques Caoutchouc Manufacture et Plastiques Kleber Colombes SA
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Pneumatiques Caoutchouc Manufacture et Plastiques Kleber Colombes SA
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Publication of EP0000458A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000458A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C15/00—Tyre beads, e.g. ply turn-up or overlap
    • B60C15/06—Flipper strips, fillers, or chafing strips and reinforcing layers for the construction of the bead
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10513—Tire reinforcement material characterized by short length fibers or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10819—Characterized by the structure of the bead portion of the tire
    • Y10T152/10837—Bead characterized by the radial extent of apex, flipper or chafer into tire sidewall
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10819—Characterized by the structure of the bead portion of the tire
    • Y10T152/10846—Bead characterized by the chemical composition and or physical properties of elastomers or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to tire casings, in particular to tires with a ramae carcass and a reinforced crown, and it has more specifically the object of improving the construction of these tires with a view to giving them better endurance and better road behavior.
  • the beads of the tires each comprise at least one inextensible bead surmounted by a hard rubber profile generally having a triangular section, the carcass ply or plies being folded around this bead / profile assembly.
  • the main function of the filling profile is to achieve a gradual transition in rigidity between the very rigid lower part of the bead and the flexible and thin part of the sidewall. This transition can be measured depending on whether it is desired to accentuate such or such a property of the tire, either for example the property of comfort, or the properties of behavior and handling. This can be achieved by choosing a greater or lesser hardness and height for the filling profile. However, these means are limited by manufacturing requirements and the risks of altering other properties of the tire.
  • the tire illustrated by way of example in FIG. 1 is a "Tourist” tire. It comprises a radial carcass 10 consisting of a ply or several superimposed plies of rubberized fabric without frame or light frame, made of flexible textile or metallic cords oriented along the meridian planes of the tire. The edges 11 of this carcass are folded each, from the inside to the outside, around the assembly formed by the rod 12 and the filling profile 14 surmounting this rod. These folded edges 11 are covered by the rim gums 13 in a rubbery mixture resistant to abrasion in contact with the rims of the rim.
  • the top of the carcass 10 is hooped by a reinforcement belt 16, circumferentially inextensible, constituted for example by one or more plies of rubberized fabric of textile or metallic cords.
  • This belt is covered by the tread 17 having a tread suitable for the use of the tire.
  • the sides of the carcass are covered by the side strips 18 in a flexible rubber mixture.
  • the filling profile 14 has a general section of triangular shape tapered upwards with a height such that the top of this profile is located at a distance h from the base of the bead of between 0.2 and 0.5 times the height H of the tire section.
  • This profile 14 is made of a rubbery mixture reinforced with short fibers, this mixture being worked so that at least a significant portion of these fibers are oriented mainly in the radial or meridian direction of the tire.
  • this mixture has an anisotropy marked by its properties of resistance to elongation, this resistance being in the radial direction at least twice greater than the resistance measured in the other orthogonal directions (anisotropy ratio 2/1 or more).
  • fibrous mixtures For the production of fibrous mixtures we can use various fiber contents as well as various kinds of fibers as to their nature, their length and their fineness, according to the techniques adopted for their mixing with the rubber matrix and to give them a more or less advanced degree of orientation, l 'essential being to obtain for these mixtures the desired anisotropy characteristics. Good results have been obtained with fibrous mixtures containing from 10 to 75 parts of fibers by weight per 100 parts of rubber, the fibers incorporated being cellulose fibers "Santoweb" from the company Monsanto Cy having lengths between 0.5 at 3 mm and a diameter of the order of 0.01 mm.
  • the test used to assess endurance from beads is to rotate the tires in contact with a rotary flywheel at a speed of 80 km / hour under a load and a pressure equal to 165% of the load and normal pressure and to measure the time necessary for the appearance of a failure in the area of the beads.
  • FIG. 2 is an endurance diagram giving the times T from which the tested tires fail within hours of use, these times being plotted as a function of the h / H ratios. It can be seen that the tires comprising filling profiles 14 in mixtures A or B not in accordance with the invention have good endurance of the beads only when the heights of the filling profiles are less than 0.3 hours, an average endurance when have a height greater than 0.5 H and a significantly worse endurance in the range of heights between 0.3 and 0.5 H.
  • those of the tourist tires tested having filling profiles 14 in an anisotropic fibrous mixture C according to the invention show excellent fatigue endurance in the range of heights between 0.3 and 0.5 H for which the tires have the best and most pleasant driving behavior for the majority of drivers. It turns out that these filling profiles in anisotropic fibrous mixture having their greatest resistance to elongation in the radial direction of the tire allowing the best compromise in endurance / road behavior to be obtained.
  • the folded edges 11 of the carcass can be provided to rise more or less high towards the side so as to completely or partially envelop the external face of the filling profile 14, this in order to adjust the behavior properties at will.
  • this adjustment can also be made by acting on the properties of the profiles 14 by varying the content or characteristics of the fibers or the hardness of the mixture by the usual routes. It is thus possible to minimize the length of the folded edges 11 of the carcass so that they do not substantially exceed the upper level of the rods, which saves relatively expensive material.
  • the invention is not limited to the application to the radial tourist tires described above. It can also be applied to other categories than tourist tires, namely tires for heavy goods vehicles and vans, agrarian, civil engineering. or plane.

Description

L'invention est relative aux enveloppes de pneumatiques, notamment aux pneus à carcasse ramæe et à sommet renforcé et elle a plus specialement pour objet d'améliorer la construction de ces pneus en vue de leur conférer une meilleur endurance et un meilleur comportement routier.The invention relates to tire casings, in particular to tires with a ramae carcass and a reinforced crown, and it has more specifically the object of improving the construction of these tires with a view to giving them better endurance and better road behavior.

Dans la construction classique actuelle, les bourrelets des pneus comprennent chacun au moins une tringle inextensible surmontée d'un profilé en caoutchouc dur ayant généralement une section triangulaire, la ou les nappes de carcasse étant repliées autour de cet ensemble tringle/profilé.In the current conventional construction, the beads of the tires each comprise at least one inextensible bead surmounted by a hard rubber profile generally having a triangular section, the carcass ply or plies being folded around this bead / profile assembly.

Le profilé de remplissage a pour fonction principale de réaliser une transition graduelle de la rigidité entre la partie basse très rigide du bourrelet et la partie souple et mince du flanc. Cette transition peut être dosée suivant que l'on désire accentuer telle ou telle propriété du pneu, soit par exemple la propriété de confort, soit les propriétés de comportement et de tenue de route. Cela peut être réalisé en choisissant pour le profilé de remplissage une dureté et une hauteur plus ou moins grandes. Mais ces moyens sont limités par des impératifs de fabrication et les risques d'altérer d'autres propriétés du pneu. Ainsi des profilés de remplissage en caoutchouc dur et de grande hauteur (s'élevant par exemple jusqu'à mi-flanc) sont favourables au comportement routier (stabilité de cap, réponses rapides aux changements de direction) mais ns présentent une médiocre endurance aux flexions verticales répétées des flancs de sorte qu'on observe des défaillances de pneus par rupture des profilés et des nappes de carcasse un peu au-dessus des rebords de la jante. Des profilés de remplissage de faible hauteur donnent des pneus ayant une meilleure endurance des bourrelets mais à plus mauvais comportement routier. On peut corriger ce défaut en introduisant des éléments de renfort supplémentaires tels que des "flippers" (bandelettes de tissu repliées autour de l'ensemble tringle-profilé), des bandelettes de renforcement appliqués sur les bords repliés de la carcasse ou des gommes de transition prolongeant le profilé vers le flanc. Mais ces palliatifs augmentent le nombre des éléments à assembler, le coût de fabrication et les risques de malfaçons.The main function of the filling profile is to achieve a gradual transition in rigidity between the very rigid lower part of the bead and the flexible and thin part of the sidewall. This transition can be measured depending on whether it is desired to accentuate such or such a property of the tire, either for example the property of comfort, or the properties of behavior and handling. This can be achieved by choosing a greater or lesser hardness and height for the filling profile. However, these means are limited by manufacturing requirements and the risks of altering other properties of the tire. Thus hard rubber filling profiles and of great height (rising for example to mid-side) are favorable to the road behavior (course stability, rapid responses to changes of direction) but they have poor endurance to bending repeated vertical sidewalls so that tire failures are observed by breaking the sections and carcass plies slightly above the rim flanges. Low-profile filling profiles give tires with better tire endurance but with worse road handling. This defect can be corrected by introducing additional reinforcing elements such as "flippers" (strips of fabric folded around the rod-profile assembly), reinforcing strips applied to the folded edges of the carcass or transition gums extending the profile towards the side. But these palliatives increase the number of elements to be assembled, the manufacturing cost and the risk of poor workmanship.

Quant à la nature des profilés de remplissage il a déjà été proposé, en variante des mélanges classiques contenant de fortes proportions de charges renforçantes, d'utiliser des mélanges de caoutchouc et des fibres enchevêtrées malaxées avec la gomme (voir par exemple le DE-A 2.615.414, le NL-A 7408509 ou le DE-B 1.148.899). Ce type de mélange fibreux permet d'obtenir les duretés élevées généralement désirées pour les profilés de remplissage mais ils ne suppriment en rien les inconvénients mentionnés: si le profilé à une grande hauteur il se rompt; s'il est court il n'assure pas un bon comportement routier sans recours à des éléments additionnels de renfort.As for the nature of the filling profiles, it has already been proposed, as a variant of the conventional mixtures containing high proportions of reinforcing fillers, to use rubber mixtures and entangled fibers kneaded with the gum (see for example DE-A 2,615,414, NL-A 7408509 or DE-B 1,148,899). This type of fibrous mixture makes it possible to obtain the high hardnesses generally desired for the filling profiles but they do not in any way eliminate the drawbacks mentioned: if the profile at a great height it breaks; if it is short it does not ensure good road behavior without the use of additional reinforcing elements.

On a trouvé maintenant que l'on peut obtenir de bien meilleurs compromis entre les principales qualités recherchées pour les pneus lorsque les bourrelets comprennent des profilés de remplissage en un mélange particulier de caoutchouc et de fibres convenablement orientées et lorsque ces profilés présentent des hauteurs appropriées.It has now been found that much better compromises can be obtained between the main qualities sought for tires when the beads comprise filling profiles made of a particular mixture of rubber and fibers suitably oriented and when these profiles have suitable heights.

L'invention est décrite ci-après en référence aux dessins ci-joints dans lesquels:

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un pneu selon l'invention; la figure 2 est un diagramme illustrant des résultats d'essais d'endurance de pneus de de genre.
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a tire according to the invention; Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating endurance test results of gender tires.

Le pneu illustré à titre d'exemple sur la figure 1 est un pneu "Touriste". Il comprend une carcasse radiale 10 constitué d'une nappe ou de plusieurs nappes superposées de tissu caoutchouté sans trame ou à trame légère, en câblés textiles ou métalliques souples orientés suivant les plans méridiens du pneu. Les bords 11 de cette carcasse sont repliés chacun, de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur, autour de l'ensemble constitué par la tringle 12 et le profilé de remplissage 14 surmontant cette tringle. Ces bords repliés 11 sont recouverts par les gommes de jante 13 en mélange caoutchouteux résistant à l'abrasion au contact des rebords de la jante. Le sommet de la carcasse 10 est fretté par une ceinture de renforcement 16, circonférenciellement inextensible constituée par exemple par une ou plusieurs nappes de tissue caoutchouté de cordes textiles ou métalliques. Cette ceinture est recouverte par la bande de roulement 17 présentant une sculpture appropriée à l'utilisation du pneu. Les flancs de la carcasse sont recouverts par les bandes de côté 18 en mélange caoutchouteux souple.The tire illustrated by way of example in FIG. 1 is a "Tourist" tire. It comprises a radial carcass 10 consisting of a ply or several superimposed plies of rubberized fabric without frame or light frame, made of flexible textile or metallic cords oriented along the meridian planes of the tire. The edges 11 of this carcass are folded each, from the inside to the outside, around the assembly formed by the rod 12 and the filling profile 14 surmounting this rod. These folded edges 11 are covered by the rim gums 13 in a rubbery mixture resistant to abrasion in contact with the rims of the rim. The top of the carcass 10 is hooped by a reinforcement belt 16, circumferentially inextensible, constituted for example by one or more plies of rubberized fabric of textile or metallic cords. This belt is covered by the tread 17 having a tread suitable for the use of the tire. The sides of the carcass are covered by the side strips 18 in a flexible rubber mixture.

Dans la construction des bourrelets du pneu illustré le profilé de remplissage 14 présente une section générale de forme triangulaire effilée vers le haut avec une hauteur telle que le sommet de ce profilé est situé à une distance h de la base du bourrelet comprise entre 0,2 et 0,5 fois la hauteur H de la section du pneu. Ce profilé 14 est réalisé en un mélange caoutchouteux renforcé avec des fibres courtes, ce mélange étant travaillé de façon qu'au moins une partie notable de ces fibres soient orientées principalement dans le sens radial ou méridien du pneu. Dans le pneu terminé, ce mélange présente une anisotropie marquée de ses propriétés de résistance à l'allongement, cette résistance étant dans le sens radial au moins deux fois supérieure à la résistance mesurée dans les autres directions orthogonales (rapport d'anisotropie 2/1 ou plus).In the construction of the beads of the tire illustrated, the filling profile 14 has a general section of triangular shape tapered upwards with a height such that the top of this profile is located at a distance h from the base of the bead of between 0.2 and 0.5 times the height H of the tire section. This profile 14 is made of a rubbery mixture reinforced with short fibers, this mixture being worked so that at least a significant portion of these fibers are oriented mainly in the radial or meridian direction of the tire. In the finished tire, this mixture has an anisotropy marked by its properties of resistance to elongation, this resistance being in the radial direction at least twice greater than the resistance measured in the other orthogonal directions (anisotropy ratio 2/1 or more).

Pour la réalisation des mélanges fibreux on peut utiliser diverses teneurs en fibres ainsi que diverses sortes de fibres quant à leur nature, leur longueur et leur finesse, selon les techniques adoptées pour leur mélangeage avec la matrice en caoutchouc et pour leur conférer un degré d'orientation plus ou moins poussé, l'essential étant d'obtenir pour ces mélanges les caractéristiques d'anisotropie souhaitées. De bons résultats ont été obtenus avec des mélanges fibreux contenant de 10 à 75 parties de fibres en poids pour 100 parties de caoutchouc, les fibres incorporées étant des fibres de cellulose "Santoweb" de la Société Monsanto Cy ayant des longueurs comprises entre 0,5 à 3 mm et un diamètre de l'ordre de 0,01 mm. Des mélanges comprenant ces teneurs en fibres et travaillés pour orienter au moins une partie des fibres dans le sens radial du pneu permettent d'obtenir après vulcanisation des rapports d'anisotropie nettement supérieurs à 2/1 et pouvant aller jusqu'à 10/1. Certains mélanges testés présentaient une résistance à l'allongement de 100 kg/cm2 à 10% d'allongement dans le sens radial et une résistance à l'allongement de 14 kg-cm2 à 10% d'allongement dans le sens circonférenciel ou longitudinal du pneu.For the production of fibrous mixtures we can use various fiber contents as well as various kinds of fibers as to their nature, their length and their fineness, according to the techniques adopted for their mixing with the rubber matrix and to give them a more or less advanced degree of orientation, l 'essential being to obtain for these mixtures the desired anisotropy characteristics. Good results have been obtained with fibrous mixtures containing from 10 to 75 parts of fibers by weight per 100 parts of rubber, the fibers incorporated being cellulose fibers "Santoweb" from the company Monsanto Cy having lengths between 0.5 at 3 mm and a diameter of the order of 0.01 mm. Mixtures comprising these fiber contents and worked to orient at least a portion of the fibers in the radial direction of the tire make it possible to obtain, after vulcanization, anisotropy ratios clearly greater than 2/1 and up to 10/1. Certain mixtures tested had an elongation resistance of 100 kg / cm 2 to 10% elongation in the radial direction and an elongation resistance of 14 kg-cm 2 to 10% elongation in the circumferential direction or longitudinal of the tire.

La supériorité des résultats obtenus en utilisant des profilés de remplissage 14 en mélange fibreux anisotrope a été mise en évidence par des essais comparatifs de comportement et d'endurance de pneus de Tourisme comprenant des profilés de remplissage en divers mélanges dont les compositions sont indiquées ci-dessous (mélanges classiques orthotropes A renforcés avec des charges pulvérulentes, mélanges fibreux B à fibres plus ou moins orientées dans le sens circonférenciel du pneu, mélanges fibreux C à fibres orientées dans le sens radial du pneu) et, pour chaque type de mélange, des profilés de diverses hauteurs correspondant à des rapports h/H de 0,25, 0,40, 0,50 et 0,60.

Figure imgb0001
The superiority of the results obtained by using filling profiles 14 in an anisotropic fibrous mixture has been demonstrated by comparative tests of behavior and endurance of passenger tires comprising filling profiles in various mixtures, the compositions of which are indicated below. below (conventional orthotropic mixtures A reinforced with pulverulent fillers, fibrous mixtures B with fibers more or less oriented in the circumferential direction of the tire, fibrous mixtures C with fibers oriented in the radial direction of the tire) and, for each type of mixture, profiles of various heights corresponding to h / h ratios of 0.25, 0.40, 0.50 and 0.60.
Figure imgb0001

Le test utilisé pour apprécier l'endurance dès bourrelets consiste à faire tourner les pneumatiques au contact d'un volant rotatif à la vitesse de 80 Km/heure sous une charge et une pression égales à 165% de la charge et de la pression normale et à mesurer le temps nécessaire à l'apparition d'une défaillance dans la zone des bourrelets.The test used to assess endurance from beads is to rotate the tires in contact with a rotary flywheel at a speed of 80 km / hour under a load and a pressure equal to 165% of the load and normal pressure and to measure the time necessary for the appearance of a failure in the area of the beads.

Les résultats des essais sont illustrés graphiquement à la figure 2 qui est diagramme d'endurance donnant les temps T à partir desquels les pneus essayés présentent une défaillance les mettant hours d'usage, ces temps étant portés en fonction des rapports h/H. On voit que les pneus comprenant des profilés de remplissage 14 en mélanges A ou B non conformes à l'invention ont une bonne endurance des bourrelets seulement lorsque les hauteurs des profilés de remplissage sont inférieures à 0,3 H, une endurance moyenne lorsqu'ils présentent une hauteur supérieure à 0,5 H et une endurance nettement plus mauvaise dans la gamme des hauteurs comprises entre 0,3 et 0,5 H. Mais, comme il a été indiqué plus haut lorsque le rapport h/H est inférieur à 0,3, on constate lors des essais sur route des flottements latéraux donnant l'impression que le véhicule à une direction molle, imprécise en virage et louvoyante lors des remises en ligne à la sortie des virages; les pneus ayant des profilés de remplissage de hauteur supérieure à 0,5 H ont des temps de réponse très courts donnant l'impression que le véhicule a une direction brutale et peu progressive en entrée et sortie de virage. Dans les deux cas les pneus essayés ont des comportements désagréables pour les conducteurs moyens et pouvant être dangereux pour les conducteurs insuffisamment expérimentés.The results of the tests are illustrated graphically in FIG. 2 which is an endurance diagram giving the times T from which the tested tires fail within hours of use, these times being plotted as a function of the h / H ratios. It can be seen that the tires comprising filling profiles 14 in mixtures A or B not in accordance with the invention have good endurance of the beads only when the heights of the filling profiles are less than 0.3 hours, an average endurance when have a height greater than 0.5 H and a significantly worse endurance in the range of heights between 0.3 and 0.5 H. But, as was indicated above when the h / H ratio is less than 0 , 3, it is noted during the road tests of lateral floats giving the impression that the vehicle has a soft direction, imprecise in cornering and swaying when brought back into line at the exit of the corners; tires with filling profiles higher than 0.5 H have very short response times, giving the impression that the vehicle has a rough and poorly steered direction when entering and exiting corners. In both cases, the tires tested have unpleasant behaviors for average drivers and can be dangerous for inexperienced drivers.

Par contre ceux des pneus Touristes essayés ayant des profilés de remplissage 14 en mélange fibreux anisotrope C selon l'invention montrent une excellente endurance à la fatigue dans la gamme des hauteurs comprises entre 0,3 et 0,5 H pour lesquelles les pneus présentent le comportement routier le meilleur et le plus agréable à la conduite pour la majorité des conducteurs. Il s'avère ainsi que ces profilés de remplissage en mélange fibreux anisotropes présentant leur plus grande résistance à l'allongement dans le sens radial du pneu permettant d'obtenir les meilleurs compromise endurance/comportement routier.On the other hand, those of the Tourist tires tested having filling profiles 14 in an anisotropic fibrous mixture C according to the invention show excellent fatigue endurance in the range of heights between 0.3 and 0.5 H for which the tires have the best and most pleasant driving behavior for the majority of drivers. It turns out that these filling profiles in anisotropic fibrous mixture having their greatest resistance to elongation in the radial direction of the tire allowing the best compromise in endurance / road behavior to be obtained.

Les pneus essayés comprenaient la construction de talon illustrée sur la figure 1. Il est à remarquer à ce sujet que cette construction de talon permet d'exclure l'usage d'autres renforts additionnels souvent utilisés et tels que des flippers en tissu enveloppant l'ensemble tringle/profilé, et des bandelettes de raidissement en tissu opposés contre les bords repliés 11 de la carcasse. La construction est donc simple et économique.The tires tested included the bead construction illustrated in FIG. 1. It should be noted in this regard that this bead construction makes it possible to exclude the use of other additional reinforcements often used and such as pinballs in fabric wrapping the rod / profile assembly, and opposing fabric stiffening strips against the folded edges 11 of the carcass. Construction is therefore simple and economical.

Les bords repliés 11 de la carcasse peuvent être prévus pour s'élever plus ou moins haut vers le flanc de manière à envelopper complètement ou partiellement la face extérieure du profilé de remplissage 14, cela afin d'ajuster à volonté les propriétés de comportement. Cependant cet ajustage peut aussi être fait en agissant sur les propriétés du profilés 14 en faisant varier la teneur ou les caractéristiques des fibres ou la dureté du mélange par les voies habituelles. Il est ainsi possible de réduire au minimum la longueur des bords repliés 11 de la carcasse de façon qu'ils ne dépassent pas substantiellement le niveau supérieur des tringles, ce qui permet d'économiser de la matière relativement coûteuse.The folded edges 11 of the carcass can be provided to rise more or less high towards the side so as to completely or partially envelop the external face of the filling profile 14, this in order to adjust the behavior properties at will. However, this adjustment can also be made by acting on the properties of the profiles 14 by varying the content or characteristics of the fibers or the hardness of the mixture by the usual routes. It is thus possible to minimize the length of the folded edges 11 of the carcass so that they do not substantially exceed the upper level of the rods, which saves relatively expensive material.

L'invention n'est pas limitée à l'application aux pneus Touristes radiaux ci-dessus décrits Elle peut être appliquée aussi à d'autres catégories que les pneus Touristes, à savoir les pneus pour poids-lourds et camionnettes, agraire, génie civil ou avion.The invention is not limited to the application to the radial tourist tires described above. It can also be applied to other categories than tourist tires, namely tires for heavy goods vehicles and vans, agrarian, civil engineering. or plane.

Claims (5)

1. Tyre, principally of the radial carcass type (10) and with reinforced crown, in which the beads each comprise at least one bead wire (12) surmounted by a profiled filler (14) of general section tapered towards the side, of rubbery mixture reinforced by short fibres, characterised in that the reinforcing fibres of the profiled part are, at least in part, oriented in the radial direction of the tyre so that the mixture of the profiled part has an anistropy of its properties of resistance to extension, this resistance being at least twice as great in the radial direction as the resistance in the other orthogonal directions.
2. Tyre according to 1 and in which the fibrous mixture profiled filler oriented in the radial direction reaches a height h comprised between 0.2 and 0.5 times the height H of the tyre section in the direction of the side.
3. Tyre according to 1 °, in which the rubbery mixture of the profiled filler contains from 10 to 75 parts by weight of short fibres per 100 parts of rubber.
4. Tyre according to 1 °, in which the short reinforcing fibres of the profiled part are 0.5 to 3 mm long and of the order of 0.01 mm in diameter.
5. Tyre according to one of claims 1 to 4 in which the edges of the carcass are folded, in manner known per se, round the bead wire from inside to outside, the said bent edges not going substantially beyond the upper level of the bead wires.
EP78400037A 1977-07-11 1978-06-27 Pneumatic tyre Expired EP0000458B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7721399A FR2397296A1 (en) 1977-07-11 1977-07-11 PNEUMATIC WRAP
FR7721399 1977-07-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000458A1 EP0000458A1 (en) 1979-01-24
EP0000458B1 true EP0000458B1 (en) 1980-09-03

Family

ID=9193263

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78400037A Expired EP0000458B1 (en) 1977-07-11 1978-06-27 Pneumatic tyre

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Country Link
US (1) US4236563A (en)
EP (1) EP0000458B1 (en)
AT (1) AT357421B (en)
DE (1) DE2860130D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2397296A1 (en)
IT (1) IT1108071B (en)

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US4362200A (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-12-07 Dayco Corporation Pneumatic tire
DE3302867A1 (en) * 1983-01-28 1984-08-02 Continental Gummi-Werke Ag, 3000 Hannover VEHICLE WHEEL
JPS6124605A (en) * 1984-07-16 1986-02-03 Bridgestone Corp High performance pneumatic tire
US4609023A (en) * 1984-12-19 1986-09-02 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Pneumatic tire with sidewall insert
JPS61145009U (en) * 1985-02-28 1986-09-06
US4871004A (en) 1988-02-17 1989-10-03 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Rubber containing aramid pulp reinforcement
IT1219241B (en) * 1988-04-27 1990-05-03 Firestone Int Dev Spa RADIAL TIRE FOR VEHICLES
US5198050A (en) * 1989-04-18 1993-03-30 Pirelli Armstrong Tire Corporation Composite combination bead and bead filler
US5361820A (en) * 1991-09-30 1994-11-08 Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. Pneumatic radial tire
CA2111349C (en) * 1992-12-14 2003-05-06 Yuichi Saito Radial tires
US5576104A (en) 1994-07-01 1996-11-19 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Elastomers containing partially oriented reinforcing fibers, tires made using said elastomers, and a method therefor
US5513683A (en) 1994-07-01 1996-05-07 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tires made using elastomers containing springy fibers
DE19813385A1 (en) * 1998-03-26 1999-09-30 Continental Ag Pneumatic tires with a core tread
JP3090444B2 (en) * 1998-06-19 2000-09-18 住友ゴム工業株式会社 Pneumatic tire
US8800620B2 (en) * 2006-03-27 2014-08-12 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire with rubber tread composed of a primary and at least one lateral tread portion containing a dispersion of short carbon fibers
US20070221309A1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2007-09-27 Cohen Martin P Tire having belt ply edge protector
JP2007276694A (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-25 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd Pneumatic tire
US20080115871A1 (en) * 2006-11-16 2008-05-22 Paul Harry Sandstrom Tire having a sidewall component containing a dispersion of adhesive coated short carbon fiber reinforcement
JP5342670B2 (en) * 2012-04-25 2013-11-13 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Pneumatic tire
CN105612066A (en) * 2013-10-18 2016-05-25 纳幕尔杜邦公司 Tire apex structure
AT518850B1 (en) 2016-07-13 2021-11-15 Avl List Gmbh Method for simulation-based analysis of a motor vehicle

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DE1148899B (en) * 1960-12-31 1963-05-16 Dunlop Gummi Cie Ag Deutsche Bead insert for pneumatic tires
US3841378A (en) * 1970-01-15 1974-10-15 Dunlop Ltd Pneumatic tire having fleece bead reinforcements
DE2001706A1 (en) * 1970-01-15 1971-07-22 Dunlop Ag Tubeless tire
US3802478A (en) * 1970-04-16 1974-04-09 Monsanto Co A pneumatic tire containing high modules discontinuous fiber reinforced member
US3697364A (en) * 1970-04-16 1972-10-10 Monsanto Co Discontinuous cellulose reinforced elastomer
US3945420A (en) * 1970-08-05 1976-03-23 Semperit Ag Molded article formed of fiber reinforced material
US3709845A (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-01-09 Monsanto Co Mixed discontinuous fiber reinforced composites
US4067373A (en) * 1973-01-10 1978-01-10 Pneumatiques Caoutchouc Manufacture Et Plastiques Kleber-Colombes Tires
GB1472745A (en) * 1973-06-26 1977-05-04 Dunlop Ltd Pneumatic tyres
FR2261888B1 (en) * 1974-02-26 1976-12-10 Kleber Colombes
FR2329465A1 (en) * 1975-04-18 1977-05-27 Uniroyal PNEUMATIC BANDAGE WRAP WITH IMPROVED HEEL STRUCTURE
US4019551A (en) * 1976-01-23 1977-04-26 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Chipperless radial ply tire
US4120338A (en) * 1976-10-04 1978-10-17 Mirtain Henri J Pneumatic tire having an improved heel structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT7868636A0 (en) 1978-07-11
FR2397296B1 (en) 1980-04-04
AT357421B (en) 1980-07-10
ATA500978A (en) 1979-11-15
DE2860130D1 (en) 1980-12-11
EP0000458A1 (en) 1979-01-24
US4236563A (en) 1980-12-02
FR2397296A1 (en) 1979-02-09
IT1108071B (en) 1985-12-02

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