EA045087B1 - COMPOSITIONS BASED ON COLLOIDAL SILVER AND METHODS OF THEIR APPLICATION FOR PREVENTING AND COMBATING PLANT DISEASES - Google Patents

Description

Field of technology

The invention generally relates to a composition with microbicidal activity for use on plants, more precisely to a composition containing colloidal silver, a method for its preparation and a method for its use for the prevention and control of plant diseases caused by fungi and bacteria.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Around the world, agricultural production declines every year due to plant diseases; therefore, millions of dollars are spent to combat these diseases. For example, direct losses caused by pathogens, animals and weeds combined account for 20 to 40% of global agricultural output (Strange & Scott, 2005). Rapidly emerging infectious diseases caused by bacterial or fungal plant pathogens can develop into unexpected and dangerous epidemics due to varying pathogen exposure, host properties, and environmental factors.

Various natural and artificial control methods have been used to protect plants from these diseases. Among disease control methods, the most common is the use of pesticides. In recent years, there has been widespread discussion of the environmental hazards caused by the overuse of pesticides and the health risks to people working with them; Therefore, agricultural scientists are searching for alternative methods to the use of pesticides.

Thus, there remains an urgent need for environmentally friendly agents that are non-toxic to host plants or other multicellular organisms for the prevention and control of infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms.

The essence of the invention

The present invention addresses the needs described above in a number of aspects. In one aspect, the present invention relates to a composition with fungicidal and bactericidal activity for the prevention and control of infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the surface organs of plants, containing 73-95% water, 0.1-20% colloidal silver, 0.5-5. 5% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.01-15.0% Guinea oil palm vegetable oil, 0.05-0.2% polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, 0.02-0.09% triethanolamine, 0.02-0.05% hydroxide sodium and 0.005-0.015% sodium benzoate.

In some embodiments, the composition includes 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver, 3.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.745% Guinea oil palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% sodium hydroxide and 0.009 % sodium benzoate.

In some embodiments, the composition consists of 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver, 3.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.745% Guinea oil palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% sodium hydroxide and 0.009% sodium benzoate.

In some embodiments, the water is distilled or deionized.

In some embodiments, Guinea oil palm oil has the following physicochemical properties: specific gravity 0.925-0.935 g/ml; melting point 1926°C; refractive index at 40°C 1.45-1.452; saponification number 239-257 mg/g; and iodine value 1218 g I2 per 100 g of composition.

In some embodiments, sodium hydroxide is used to neutralize Guinea oil palm oil.

In some embodiments, colloidal silver has the following properties: (a) colloidal silver is silver suspended in distilled water and produced by dispersing electrolytic methods using silver electrodes; (b) its atomic mass is 107.868 g/mol; (c) its melting point is 960.5°C; (d) its boiling point is 2000°C; (e) its density at 15°C is 10.49 g/ml; (f) it is not exposed to water or atmospheric oxygen; (g) it darkens under the influence of ozone and hydrogen sulfide; (h) it is inert to many acids and reacts easily with dilute nitric acid and hot sulfuric acid; and (i) in metal form it is not sensitive to light.

In some embodiments, the average particle size of colloidal silver is in the range of 60 to 600 nm.

In some embodiments, the pathogen is a fungus or bacterium. The fungus may be one of the plant pathogenic fungi, such as fungi of the genus Blumeria, Sphaerotheca, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Botrytis, Magnaporthe, Pythium, Puccinia, Erysiphe, Alternaria, Pseudoperonospora, Plasmodiophora, Sclerotinia, Fulvia, Peronospora, Ustilago or Rhizopus.

In some embodiments, the pathogenic fungal infection is selected from the group consisting of powdery mildew, nightshade blight, rhizoctonia, gray mold, blast, damping off, nightshade brown spot, wilt, anthracnose, stem rot, alternaria, snow pellet, clubroot, rot seedlings, black rot, leaf spot, root rot, rust, smut, mold, downy mildew, soft rot of fruits and brown spot.

In some embodiments, the pathogenic bacterium may be one of the following genera: Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Erwinia, Clavibacter, Ralstonia, Burkholderia, and Agrobacterium.

In some embodiments, the infection caused by pathogenic bacteria may be one of the following plant diseases: leaf spot, bacteriosis, fritillary blight, ring bacteriosis, plant canker, black rot, soft rot of fruit, galls, crown gall, scab, and bacterial wilt.

In some embodiments, the composition further comprises an agriculturally acceptable carrier.

In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a second fungicidal agent and/or a second bactericidal agent.

Also included within the scope of the present invention is a fertilizer prepared from the composition as described above for controlling pathogenic microorganisms. In some embodiments, the fertilizer may further comprise an agriculturally acceptable carrier.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method of preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic organisms in the surface organs of plants, comprising applying the above-mentioned composition to the surface of a plant, or a portion of the surface of that plant, or the site of infection of the plant.

In some embodiments, the method may include application by spray, mist, or droplets.

In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a composition as described above for preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the surface organs of plants. The method includes (a) loading 3.7-11.1 kg of Guinea oil palm oil into a 150 L stainless steel container and heating the Guinea oil palm oil until it melts; (b) slowly add 1 L of 180-530 g/L sodium hydroxide solution and stir until the Guinea oil palm oil dissolves; (c) adding 500-1500 g polyoxyethyleneoctylphenyl ether and 260-780 g triethanolamine; (d) adding water to obtain 100 L of solution and mixing to obtain a homogeneous white suspension; (e) adding 50-140 g of sodium benzoate and stirring until it is completely dissolved; (f) loading 77.3-85.8 L of water and 2.5-7.5 L of colloidal silver concentrate into a new 150 L stainless steel reactor and adding, with stirring, 10 L of the solution obtained in step (e); (g) after stirring for 5 minutes, adding 1.75-5.25 kg of methyl vinyl ether copolymer, where the methyl vinyl ether copolymer is pre-polymerized in a stainless steel reactor containing 1.75-5.25 liters of deionized water, at 40°C ; and (h) stirring continuously until the resulting mixture becomes clear and viscous.

In some embodiments, the method comprises (a) loading 7.45 kg of Guinea oil palm oil into a 150 L stainless steel container and heating the Guinea oil palm oil until it melts; (b) slowly add 1 L of 350 g/L sodium hydroxide solution and stir until the Guinea oil palm oil dissolves; (c) adding 990 g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether and 520 g of triethanolamine; (d) adding water to obtain 100 L of solution and stirring to obtain a homogeneous white suspension; (f) adding 90 g of sodium benzoate and stirring until it is completely dissolved; (f) adding 81.5 L of water and 5 L of colloidal silver concentrate to a new 150 L stainless steel reactor and adding 10 L of the solution obtained in step (e) with stirring; (g) after stirring for 5 minutes, adding 3.5 kg of methyl vinyl ether copolymer, where the methyl vinyl ether copolymer is pre-polymerized in a stainless steel reactor containing 3.5 L of deionized water at 40° C.; and (h) continuing mixing until the resulting mixture becomes clear and viscous.

The summary described above is not intended to define every aspect of the present invention, and additional aspects are described in other sections, such as the following detailed description. It is intended that the entire document be considered as a whole, and it should be understood that all combinations of features described herein are taken into account, even if the combination of features does not appear in a single sentence, paragraph, or section herein. Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples in which specific embodiments of the present invention are presented are provided for illustration purposes only, as various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention will be apparent to one skilled in the art from this detailed description.

- 2 045087

Detailed Description of the Invention

The microbicidal properties of silver are well known and have been shown to be effective as a topical antimicrobial agent for human use. To meet the need for the development of effective non-toxic and environmentally friendly microbicides for the control of widespread diseases caused by bacteria and fungi, the present invention provides a colloidal silver composition capable of preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the surface organs of plants through a contact mechanism of action ( for example, non-systemic).

The composition contains colloidal silver as an active/effective component, where colloidal silver is mixed with polymers and natural triglycerides. When the composition is applied to a plant, it forms a microfilm on the surface of the plant and its parts. This prevents the development of infections caused by fungi and bacteria without any side effect on the foliar epidermis or any other surface of the plant. Due to the nature of the composition and non-systemic action, it is non-toxic to host plants, animals and humans and does not pollute ecosystems.

The composition contains an emulsion containing colloidal silver, which serves as a fungicide and bactericide to prevent and control a variety of plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The mechanisms involved in the microbicidal activity of colloidal silver include (1) changes and destruction of the structure of the cell membrane of a microorganism, which increases its permeability and disrupts transport functions, leading to cell death, (2) penetration into the microorganism and interaction with phosphorus- and sulfur-containing compounds, such as DNA and proteins, (3) loss of DNA replication ability, (4) inactivation of certain enzymes, (5) effects on the respiratory chain, (6) production of hydrogen peroxide and free radicals.

The microbicidal activity exhibited by the composition is multifaceted using the principles of microfilm technology and surface chemistry: (1) when applied to plants, the composition forms a microfilm that serves as an effective physical barrier to microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi). The composition is an aqueous suspension of highly saturated lipids with a protective effect, in which alkali metal salts of fatty acids (for example, fatty acids of Guinean malma oil) associated with a methyl vinyl ether copolymer and colloidal silver form an effective protective microfilm. Microfilm is formed due to the formation of chemical bonds between polymers and triacylglycerides. The mixture of alkali metal salts of fatty acids present in these lipids blocks the penetration of microbial structures; (2) after microfilm formation, the embedded colloidal silver can come into direct contact with microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi) on the surface of the plant organ; (3) when applied to the surface of plants and their parts near fungi and bacteria, the composition neutralizes the enzymes that microorganisms use to metabolize oxygen, and (4) at the same time, it changes the permeability of the membrane of a single-celled organism, causing effective asphyxia (damping off) of the microorganism.

One of the beneficial effects of the composition of the present invention is that the methyl vinyl ether copolymer used in the composition forms an invisible network that holds the components together without interfering with the normal functioning of the plant tissue and allowing cell regeneration in previously infected plant tissue.

In some embodiments, the composition of the present invention contains water, colloidal silver, methyl vinyl ether copolymer, Guinea oil palm vegetable oil, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, triethanolamine, sodium hydroxide and sodium benzoate.

In some embodiments, the composition contains: 73-95% water, 0.1-20% colloidal silver, 0.5-5.5% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.01-15.00% Guinea oil palm vegetable oil, 0. 05-0.2% polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, 0.02-0.09% triethanolamine, 0.020.05% sodium hydroxide and 0.005-0.015% sodium benzoate.

In some embodiments, the composition contains 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver, 3.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.745% Guinea oil palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% sodium hydroxide and 0.009 % sodium benzoate.

In some embodiments, the composition consists essentially of 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver, 3.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.745% Guinea oil palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% hydroxide sodium and 0.009% sodium benzoate.

In some embodiments, the water is distilled or deionized. In some embodiments, Guinea oil palm oil has the following properties: specific gravity of 0.925-0.935 g/ml; melting point 19-26°C; refractive index at 40°C 1.45-1.452; saponification number 239-257 mg/g; and iodine number 12-18 g I ₂ per 100 g of composition. In some embodiments, sodium hydroxide is used to neutralize Guinea oil

- 3 045087 oil palm.

In some embodiments, colloidal silver has the following characteristics:

(a) colloidal silver is silver suspended in distilled water and prepared by dispersion according to published guidelines (NIST, 2012) or by electrolytic methods using silver electrodes;

(b) its atomic mass is 107.868 g/mol;

(c) its melting point is 960.5°C;

(d) its boiling point is 2000°C;

(e) its density at 15°C is 10.49 g/ml;

(f) it is not exposed to water or atmospheric oxygen;

(g) it darkens under the influence of ozone and hydrogen sulfide;

(h) it is inert to many acids and reacts easily with dilute nitric acid and hot sulfuric acid; and (i) in metallic form it is insensitive to light.

The method for producing the composition may use a generator such as a Robey device. The generator uses a 110V voltage source, a current controller, two silver electrodes and a cellulose filter. The cellulose filter restricts the passage of silver colloids with an average particle size of less than about 60 nm and greater than about 600 nm.

In some embodiments, the average colloidal silver particle size ranges from about 60 nm to about 600 nm. In some embodiments, colloidal silver particles ranging in size from about 60 nm to about 600 nm comprise at least 10% (e.g., at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50 %, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, 100%). In some embodiments, particles ranging in size from about 60 nm to about 600 nm make up at least 90%. In some embodiments, the colloidal silver particles, present in the composition as nanoparticles with a size of from about 60 to about 100 nm, constitute at least 10% (e.g., at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40% , at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, 100%).

In some embodiments, the pathogen is a fungus or bacterium. The fungus may be one of the plant pathogenic fungi, including, but not limited to, fungi of the genera Blumeria, Sphaerotheca, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Botrytis, Magnaporthe, Pythium, Puccinia, Erysiphe, Alternaria, Pseudoperonospora, Plasmodiophora, Sclerotinia, Fulvia, Peronospora, Ustilago and Rhizopus.

Examples of infections caused by pathogenic fungi include, but are not limited to, powdery mildew, nightshade blight, rhizoctonia, gray mold, blast, damping off, nightshade brown spot, wilt, anthracnose, stem rot, alternaria, snow pellet, clubroot, blight seedlings, black rot, leaf spot, root rot, rust, smut, mold, downy mildew, soft rot of fruit and brown spot.

The composition inhibits the growth and development of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In some embodiments, examples of pathogenic bacteria include, but are not limited to, bacteria from the genera Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Erwinia, Clavibacter, Ralstonia, Burkholderia, and Agrobacterium.

In some embodiments, the infection caused by pathogenic bacteria includes, but is not limited to, leaf spot, bacterial blight, ripple blight, ring blight, plant canker, black rot, soft rot of fruit, galls, crown gall, scab, and bacterial wilt.

In some embodiments, the composition further includes an agriculturally compatible or acceptable carrier. The agriculturally compatible or acceptable carrier may be an adhesion agent or a surfactant. Also included within the scope of the present invention is a fertilizer prepared from the composition as described above for controlling pathogenic microorganisms. In some embodiments, the fertilizer may further comprise an agriculturally acceptable carrier.

The term agriculturally compatible carrier or agriculturally acceptable carrier refers to any material other than water that can be added to the composition without causing an adverse effect on the plant or the like. or without such influence. In some embodiments, the carrier may be a solid carrier or a liquid carrier and includes microspheres, powders, emulsions, and the like in various forms. The carrier may be any one or more of a number of carriers that provide a variety of properties, such as increased stability, wettability, or dispersibility. In some embodiments, examples of the carrier may include, but are not limited to, alginate, resins, starches, lecithins, formononetin, polyvinyl alcohol, alkali metal formononetinate,

- 4 045087 hesperetin, polyvinyl acetate, cephalins, xanthan gum, mineral oil, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), arabino-galactin, methylcellulose, PEG 400, chitosan, polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, glycerin, triethylene glycol, vienylace tat, gellan gum , polystyrene, polyvinyl, carboxymethylcellulose, ghatti gum and block copolymers of polyoxyethylene and polyoxybutylene. The carrier may be a non-natural compound, such as polymers and copolymers. For example, non-limiting examples of polymers that can be used as the adhesion promoting compound include polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, celluloses (e.g., ethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, and carboxymethylcellulose ), polyvinylpyrrolidones, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride copolymers, calcium lignosulfonates, acrylic copolymers, polyvinyl acrylates, polyethylene oxide, acrylamide polymers and copolymers, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, methyl acrylamide monomers and polychloroprene.

In some embodiments, the composition may also contain a surfactant. Non-limiting examples of surfactants include nitrogen-containing surfactant mixtures such as Prefer 28 (Cenex), Surf-N(US), Inhance (Brandt), P-28 (Wilfarm) and Patrol (Helena); esterified seed oils include Sun-It II (AmCy), MSO (UAP), Scoil (Agsco), Hasten (Wilfarm), and Mes-100 (Drexel); and silicone surfactants, which include Silwet L77 (UAP), Silikin (Terra), Dyne-Amic (Helena), Kinetic (Helena), Sylgard 309 (WilburEllis), and Century (Precision). In some embodiments, the surfactant is present at a concentration ranging from 0.001 to 10% v/v. (for example, in the range from 0.001 to 1% v/v).

In some embodiments, the composition may include a stabilizer. Such an agent may include one or more of trehalose, sucrose, glycerol and methylene glycol. Other suitable stabilizers include, but are not limited to, non-reducing sugars and sugar alcohols (eg, mannitol or sorbitol).

In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a second fungicidal agent and/or a second bactericidal agent. In some embodiments, it may be useful for the composition to include an agent such as a fungicide, bactericide, or nutrient. The agent is ideally one that does not pose safety concerns for human, animal or industrial use (e.g., no safety concerns, or the compound is sufficiently labile such that the commercial herbal product derived from the plant contains trace amounts of the compound ).

The term fungicide, as used herein, includes a commercially available chemical compound that is formulated to protect crop plants from pathogenic fungi and may have an adverse effect on the growth of fungi/or bacteria when the host plant is treated with said fungicide. Examples of fungicides may include, but are not limited to, 2-(thiocyanotomethylthio)benzothiazole, 2-phenylphenol, 8-hydroxyzinoline sulfate, amethoctradine, amisulbrom, antimycin, Ampelomyces quisqualis, azaconazole, azoxystrobin, Bacillus subtilis, benalaxyl, benomyl, benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, benzylaminobenzene sulfonate salt (BABS), bicarbonates, biphenyl, bismerthiazole, biterthanol, bixaphen, blasticidin-C, borax, Bordeaux mixture, boscalid, bromuconazole, bupirimate, calcium polysulfide, captafol, captan, carbendazim, cardoxin, carpropamide, carvone, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, chlozolinate, Coniothyrium minitans, copper hydroxide, copper octanoate, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper sulfate (tribasic), copper oxide, cyazofamide, cyflufenamide, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, dazomet, debacarb, ammonium ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate), di chlofluanid, dichlorophen, diclocymet, diclomezine, dichloran, dietophenarb, diphenononazole, diphenokovat-ion, diplumetromy, dimetomorph, dimoxistrin, diniconazole, diniconazole-m, dinobuton, dinocap, diphenylamine, ditianon, doemorf, dodemorf acetate, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin, dodin free foundation, Edifenfos, Ennestobin , epoxiconazole, etaboxam, ethoxyquin, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuram, fenhexamide, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpropidine, fenpropimorph, fentin, fentine acetate, fentine hydroxide, ferbam, ferimzone, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flu morph, fluopicolide, fluopyram , fluoroimide, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusilfamide, flutianil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluxapyroxad, folpet, formaldehyde, fosetyl, fosetyl-aluminum, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, yurametpyr, quizatin, guazatin acetates, GY-81, hexachlorobenzene, hexaconazole, gimexazole, imizalil, imazalil sulfate, imibenconazole, iminoctadin, iminoctadine triacetate, iminoctadine tris(albesilate), ipconazole, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, isoprothiolane, isopyrazam, isotianil, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, kresoxim-methyl, mancopper, mancozeb, mandipropamide, maneb, mepanipyrim, mepronil, divalent mercuric chloride, divalent mercuric oxide, mercuric chloride, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, metalaxyl-M, metam, metam-ammonium, metam-potassium, metam-sodium, metconazole, metasulfocarb, methyl iodide, methyl isothiocyanate, metiram, metominostrobin, metrafenone , Mildiomycin, Myclobutanil, Nabam, Nitrotal Isopropyl, Nuarimol, Octilinone, Ofuras, Oleic Acid (Fatty Acids), Orysastrobin, Oxadixil, Oxine Copper, Oxpoconazole Fumarate,

- 5 045087 oxycarboxin, pefurazoate, penconazole, pencycuron, penflufen, pentachlorophenol, pentachlorophenyl laurate, penthiopyrad, phenylmercuric acetate, phosphoric acid, phthalide, picoxystrobin, polyoxin B, polyoxins, polyoxorim, potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate, probene zol, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb , propamocarb hydrochloride, propiconazole, propineb, proquinazide, prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin, pyramethostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyrazophos, piribencarb, pyributicarb, pirifenox, pyrimethanil, pyroquilone, quinoclamine, quinoxifene, quintozene, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract, sedaxane, silthioph am, simeconazole, sodium 2-phenylphenoxide , sodium bicarbonate, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, spiroxamine, cepar, SYP-Z071, SYP-Z048, tar oils, tebuconazole, tebufloquin, tecnazene, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, tifluzamide, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, tiadinil, tolclofos-methyl, tolule fluanide , triadimefon, triadimenol, triazoxide, tricyclazole, tridemorph, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, triforin, triticonazole, validamycy, valifenalate, valifenal, vinclozolin, zineb, ciram, zoxamide, Candida oleophila, Fusarium oxysporum, Gliocladium spp., Phlebiopsis gigantea, Streptomyces griseoviridis, Trichoderma spp., (RS)-N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(methoxymethyl)succinimide, 1,2dichloropropane, 1,3-dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoroacetone hydrate, 1-chloro-2 ,4-dinitronaphthalene, 1-chloro-2nitropropane, 2-(2-heptadecyl-2-imidazolin-1-yl)ethanol, 2,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-1,4-dithiine 1,1,4,4tetroxide , 2-methoxyethyl mercury acetate, 2-methoxyethyl mercuric chloride, 2-methoxyethyl mercuric silicate, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine, 4-(2-nitroprop-1-enyl)phenylthiocyanate, ampropyl phos, anilazine, azithiram, barium polysulfide, Bayer 32394, benodanil, benquinox, bentaluron, benzamicryl; benzamacrylisobutyl, benzamorph, binapacryl, bis(methylmercury) sulfate, bis(tributyltin oxide), butiobate, calcium copper zinc sulfate chromate, carbamorph, CESA, chlobenthiazone, chloraniformethane, chlorphenazole, chloroquinox, climbazole, cyclafuramide, cipendazole, ciprofuram, decafentine , dichlon, dichlozolin, diclobutrazol, dimethyrimol, dinoctone, dinosulfone, dinoterbone, dipyrithione, dithalymphos, dodicine, drazoxolone, EBP, ESBP, etaconazole, etem, ethirim, fenaminosulf, fenapanil, phenitropan, 5flurocytosine and their profungicides, fluotrimazole, furcarbanil , furconazole, furconazole-cis, furmecyclox, furofanate, gliodin, griseofulvin, galacrinate, Hercules 3944, hexylthiophos, ICIA0858, isopamphos, isovaledione, mebenil, mecarbinside, metazoxolone, metfuroxam, methylmercuridicyandiamide, metsulfovax, milneb, mucox chloric anhydride, myclozolin, No. 3,5-dichlorophenylsuccinimide , N-3nitrophenylitaconimid, natamycin, N-ethylmercurio-4-toluenesulfonanilide, nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate), OCH, phenylmercuriodimethyldithiocarbamate, phenylmercurinitrate, phosdifene, picolinamide UK-2A and their derivatives, prothiocarb; prothiocarba hydrochloride, pyracarbolide, pyridinitrile, piroxychlor, piroxifur, quinacetol; guinacetol sulfate, quinazamide, quinconazole, rabenzazole, sulicylanilide, SSF-109, sultropen, teroram, thiadifluor, tithiophene, thiochlorphenfim, thiophanate, thioquinox, thioximide, triamiphos, triarimol, triazbutyl, trichlamide, urbacid, XRD-563 and Zarylamide, IK-1140 .

Examples of bactericides may include, but are not limited to, amakacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, netilmicin, tobramycin, paromomycin, spectinomycin, geldanamycin, nerbimycin, rifaximin, streptomycin, loracarbef, ertapenem, doripenem, imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem, cefadroxil, cephaz olin , cephalothin or cephalothin, cephalexin, cefaclor, cefamandole, cefoxitin, cefprozil, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefditoren, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, ceftazidime, ceftibuten, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime , ceftaroline fosamil, ceftobiprole, teicoplanin, vancomycin, telavancin, clindamycin, lincomycin, daptomycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, troleandomycin, telithromycin, spiramycin, aztreonam, furazolidone, nitrofurantoin, linezolid, pasizolid, radezolid, torezolid, amoxicillin, ampicillin, azlo cillin, carbenicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin, mezlocillin, methicillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, penicillin G, penicillin V, pipepacillin, penicillin G, temocillin, ticarcillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/clavulanate, basitracin, colistin, polymyxin B, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, catifloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, moxafloxacin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, trovafloxacin, grepafloxacin, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, mafenide, sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, silver sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethizole, sulfame etoxazole, sulfanilimide (archaic), sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) (TMP-SMX), sulfonamido-chrysoidine (archaic), demeclocycline, doxycycline, minocycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, clofazimine, dapsone, capreomycin, cycloserine, ethambutol, ethionamide, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampicin (Rifampin in the USA), rifabutin , rifapentine, streptomycin, arsphenamine, chloramphenicol, fosfomycin, fusidic acid, metronidazole, mupirocin, platensimicin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, thiamphenicol, tigecycline, tinidazole and trimethoprim.

The composition of the present invention for controlling pathogenic microorganisms in plants can selectively kill pathogenic fungi and/or bacteria in plants at a very low concentration. In addition, when the composition is applied once, the prophylactic effect may last for 1-3 weeks or longer. The composition can destroy both spores and hyphae and does not cause chemical damage even when used in high concentrations, and is also harmless to the human body and plants. The colloidal silver contained in the composition is well preserved and can be used when diluted with tap water or agricultural water, which is easier to work with, which can reduce the cost of control.

According to another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the surface organs of plants using the composition as described above. In some embodiments, the method may include applying the composition to the surface of a plant or portion of a plant surface (eg, leaf, fruit, flower, stem, root). In some embodiments, the method may include applying the composition to the site of infection in a plant or part thereof (eg, leaf, fruit, flower, stem, root). In some embodiments, the method may include applying the composition by spray, mist, or droplets.

The composition can be mixed with an agriculturally acceptable carrier or diluent to thereby obtain various preparations, including agricultural chemicals or fertilizers. In addition, the composition can be mixed with additional fertilizer components or other known agents that control plant diseases. The term diluent means an agriculturally acceptable liquid or an agriculturally acceptable solid that is added to a composition so that it can be readily used or diluted to the desired active concentration. Examples of the diluent include talc, kaolin, zeolite, xylene, diatomaceous earth, water and the like.

The spray formulation, such as a water-dispersible concentrate or a wettable powder, may further include a wetting agent, a dispersant, a surfactant, etc. In addition to the diluent and surfactant, a stabilizer, an inactivating agent, an adhesion promoter, a colorant, an infiltration agent and an antifoam may also be added.

The composition of the present invention can be presented in preparations of various forms. For example, a wettable powder preparation made with kaolin or diatomaceous earth can be diluted with water before use in the form of spray liquids and thus can be sprayed onto leaves, flowers or fruits, or applied to the roots. Next, the composition can be mixed with an emulsifier to form a concentrate, which is then diluted with water before application to plants.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composition with fungicidal and bactericidal activity for preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the surface organs of plants. This method consists of several stages and begins with obtaining a concentrate; 100 liters of distilled or deionized water are loaded into a stainless steel container and a polyethylene hose connected to a water pump is attached to it. The water pump supplies water to the colloidal silver production container, which is connected to a 110V voltage source. The production reactor consists of a pump to supply water to the electrodes and another pump to regulate the amount of water leaving the system. A second water pump connected to the 110V output recirculates water containing colloidal silver into the system for 1 minute to increase the silver concentration and thus ensure that the final product contains the required silver concentration. Controlled size of colloidal silver is obtained by filtration.

A solution is then prepared by loading 3.7-11.1 kg of Guinea oil palm oil into a 150 L stainless steel reactor, heating it until the oil melts, then slowly adding 1 L of sodium hydroxide solution containing 180- 530 g of NaOH per liter, and then stirring the mixture until it dissolves. Then add 500-1500 g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether and 260-780 g of triethanolamine. Water is added to the mixture, bringing the volume of the solution to 100 liters, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a homogeneous white suspension. Then add 50-140 g of sodium benzoate, stirring the mixture until completely dissolved.

Finally, a new 150 L stainless steel reactor is charged with 77.3-85.8 L of water and 5 L of colloidal silver concentrate. After this, 10 liters of Guinea oil palm oil solution is added with stirring. The mixture is stirred for 5 minutes and 1.75-5.25 kg of methyl vinyl ether copolymer, pre-polymerized in a stainless steel reactor containing 1.75-5.25 liters of deionized water, is added at 40°C. Stirring is continued until the product becomes transparent and viscous.

In some embodiments, the method includes:

(a) loading 7.45 kg of Guinea oil palm oil into a 150 liter stainless steel container and heating the Guinea oil palm oil until it melts;

(b) slowly add 1 L of 350 g/L sodium hydroxide solution and stir until the Guinea oil palm oil dissolves;

(c) adding 990 g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether and 520 g of triethanolamine;

(d) adding water to obtain 100 L of solution and stirring to obtain a homogeneous white suspension;

- 7 045087 (e) adding 90 g of sodium benzoate and stirring until the sodium benzoate is completely dissolved;

(f) adding 81.5 L of water and 5 L of colloidal silver concentrate to a new 150 L stainless steel reactor and adding 10 L of the solution obtained in step (e) with stirring;

(g) after stirring for 5 minutes, adding 3.5 kg of methyl vinyl ether copolymer, where the methyl vinyl ether copolymer is pre-polymerized in a stainless steel reactor containing 3.5 L of deionized water at 40° C.; and (h) continuing to mix until the resulting mixture becomes clear and viscous.

The present invention also includes the composition obtained by the method described above.

The present invention may be better understood by reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration purposes but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Examples

Example 1

The formulation of the present invention is diluted 10 times with tap water and sprayed onto the surface of coffee plants (Coffea arabica) using a motorized backpack sprayer. The entire surface of the coffee plant leaves is completely covered by wet application of the composition. Results assessed 30 days after application show that the incidence of coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) infection is reduced by up to 70% compared to untreated plants. In addition, plants treated with the composition show good condition and no signs of harmful effects. These same results are observed for up to 6 weeks after the first application.

Field trials for the control of coffee leaf rust also provide data on the control of coffee leaf bacteriosis caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas syringae. The incidence of bacterial infection is significantly reduced in plants treated with the composition, and no new development of infection is observed after plants are sprayed with the preparation of the present invention.

Example 2

The undiluted preparation of the present invention is sprayed onto individual leaves of banana (Musa sp) using a pressurized fogger. Check for the presence of germinated spores of the Black Sigatoka fungus (Mycosphaerella fijiensis). The results show a 62% reduction in M. fijiensis spore germination compared to the untreated control. These results are comparable to those obtained with commercial fungicides commonly applied to banana crops. The reduction in M. fijiensis spore germination persists for up to 8 weeks after application.

Example 3

The preparation is prepared according to one embodiment and is sprayed onto newly harvested roses (Rosa sp). The plant material is then placed in a chamber simulating the temperature, light and humidity conditions of maritime export and kept under these conditions for 6 days. Flowers treated with distilled water are used as a control. After 6 days, 100% of the control flowers show mild to severe signs of Botrytis cinerea infection, completely ruining the produce. None of the flowers treated with the composition of the present invention show signs of infection by B. cinerea or any other fungi or bacteria.

Example 4

The formulation is prepared according to yet another embodiment and is sprayed onto fresh sections of recently harvested banana (Musa sp) bunches (bunches). Treated bunches are placed in a chamber simulating the temperature, light and humidity conditions of maritime exports, along with a control treated with commercial microbicides. A few days later, the plant material is examined for the presence of fungal or bacterial infection, obtaining results of treatment with the composition according to the invention that are comparable to or superior to the results of the control.

Definitions

To better understand the detailed description of the compositions and methods of the present invention, several clear definitions are provided to facilitate clear disclosure of the various aspects of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the meanings of all technical and scientific terms used in this description correspond to the meanings commonly used by those skilled in the art to which the present invention relates.

As used herein, it is noted that singular forms include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The terms including, comprising, containing or having, and variations thereof, are intended to cover the following items and their equivalents, as well as additional items, unless otherwise noted.

Phrases in one embodiment, in various embodiments, in some embodiments, and the like. are used repeatedly. Such phrases do not necessarily, but may refer to the same embodiment unless the context dictates otherwise.

The term and/or or/ means any of the elements, any combination of elements or all of the elements

- 8 045087 cops to which this term refers.

The term approximately may refer to a deviation of ±5%, ±10%, ±20% or ±25% from the specified value. For example, about 50 percent in some embodiments may mean a value other than that indicated, ranging from 45 to 55 percent. For integer ranges of values, the term may approximately include one or two integers greater and/or less than the specified integer. Unless otherwise indicated, the term is roughly intended to include values, such as percentages by weight, close to the specified range of values that are equivalent in terms of the functionality of a particular ingredient, a particular composition, or a particular embodiment.

The term each, when used herein in relation to a set of elements, is intended to identify an individual element in said set, but does not necessarily refer to every element in said set. Exceptions may occur where clear disclosure or context clearly dictates otherwise.

The use of any or all examples, or phrases indicative of examples (eg, such as) presented herein is merely intended to better highlight the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise indicated. Nothing in the specification should be construed as indicating any element not claimed as essential to the practice of the invention.

All methods described herein are performed in any suitable order, unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly inconsistent with the context. With respect to any of the presented methods, the steps of the method can be performed simultaneously or sequentially. When the steps of the method are performed sequentially, they can be performed in any order unless otherwise specified.

Where a method includes a combination of steps, each combination or subcombination of steps is within the scope of the present invention unless otherwise stated herein.

Each publication, patent application, patent and other reference cited herein is incorporated by reference in its entirety to the extent consistent with this disclosure. The publications disclosed herein are intended solely for their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present invention. Nothing herein should be construed as an admission that the present invention is not entitled to an earlier publication indication by reason of the prior invention. In addition, published dates may differ from actual publication dates, which may require independent confirmation.

It should be understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changes in light of the above examples and variations that will be suggested to those skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope and spirit of this invention and the attached claims.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. However, it is understood that the detailed description and examples indicating specific embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustrative purposes only. It is further intended that changes and modifications to the spirit and scope of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

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Claims (22)

CLAIM 1. A composition with fungicidal and bactericidal activity for the prevention and control of infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the surface organs of plants, containing 73-95% water, 0.1-20% colloidal silver, 0.5-5.5% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.01-15.0% Guinean oil palm vegetable oil, 0.05-0.2% polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, 0.02-0.09% triethanolamine, 0.02-0.05% sodium hydroxide and 0.005-0.015% sodium benzoate. 2. Composition according to claim 1, containing: 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver 3.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.745% Guinea oil palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% sodium hydroxide and 0.009% sodium benzoate. 3. Composition according to claim 1, consisting of 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver, 3.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.745% Guinea oil palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% sodium hydroxide and 0.009% sodium benzoate. 4. The composition according to any of the previous paragraphs, in which the water is distilled or deionized. 5. The composition according to any of the previous paragraphs, in which Guinea oil palm oil is characterized by the following properties: specific gravity 0.925-0.935 g/ml; melting point 19-26°C; refractive index at 40°C 1.45-1.452; saponification number 239-257 mg/g; iodine number 12-18 g of iodine per 100 g of composition. 6. A composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein sodium hydroxide is used to neutralize Guinea oil palm oil. 7. The composition according to any of the previous paragraphs, in which colloidal silver is characterized by the following properties: (a) colloidal silver is silver suspended in distilled water and obtained by dispersion by electrolytic methods using silver electrodes; (b) its atomic mass is 107.868 g/mol; (c) its melting point is 960.5°C; (d) its boiling point is 2000°C; (e) its density at 15°C is 10.49 g/ml; (f) it is not exposed to water or atmospheric oxygen; (g) it darkens under the influence of ozone and hydrogen sulfide; (h) it is inert to many acids and readily reacts with dilute nitric acid and hot sulfuric acid; and (i) in metallic form it is not sensitive to light. 8. The composition according to any of the previous claims, in which the average particle size of colloidal silver is in the range from 60 nm to 600 nm. 9. The composition according to claim 8, in which colloidal silver particles with a size of 60 nm to 600 nm constitute at least 50%. 10. The composition according to claim 8, in which the particles of colloidal silver with a size of from 60 nm to 600 nm constitute at least 90%. - 10 045087 11. The composition according to any of the previous paragraphs, where the pathogenic microorganisms are fungi or bacteria. 12. The composition according to claim 11, where the pathogenic fungi are selected from the group consisting of fungi of the following genera: Blumeria, Sphaerotheca, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Botrytis, Magnaporthe, Pythium, Puccinia, Erysiphe, Altemaria, Pseudoperonospora, Plasmodiophora, Sclerotinia , Fulvia, Peronospora, Ustilago and Rhizopus. 13. The composition according to claim 11, where the infection caused by pathogenic fungi is selected from the group consisting of powdery mildew, nightshade blight, rhizoctonia, gray mold, blast, damping off, nightshade brown spot, wilt, anthracnose, stem rot, alternaria, snow pellets, clubroot, seedling rot, black rot, leaf spot, root rot, rust, smut, mildew, downy mildew, soft rot of fruit and brown spot. 14. The composition according to claim 11, where the pathogenic bacteria are selected from the group consisting of bacteria of the following genera: Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Erwinia, Clavibacter, Ralstonia, Burkholderia and Agrobacterium. 15. The composition according to claim 11, where the infection caused by pathogenic bacteria is selected from the group consisting of leaf spot, bacteriosis, ruffle, ring bacteriosis, plant cancer, black rot, soft rot of fruits, galls, crown gall, scab and bacterial wilt . 16. The composition according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4-15, further comprising an agriculturally acceptable carrier. 17. The composition according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4-16, further comprising at least one second fungicidal agent and a second bactericidal agent. 18. A fertilizer for controlling pathogenic microorganisms, containing a composition according to any of the previous paragraphs and an agriculturally acceptable carrier. 19. A method for preventing and combating infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the surface organs of plants, comprising applying the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17 to the surface of the plant or part of the surface of this plant, or the site of infection of the plant. 20. The method according to claim 19, including applying the composition by spraying, in the form of fog or drops. 21. A method for obtaining a composition according to claim 1 for preventing and combating infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the surface organs of plants, comprising (a) loading 3.7-11.1 kg of Guinean oil palm oil into a 150-liter stainless steel container and heating Guinea oil palm oil until it melts; (b) slowly add 1 L of 180-530 g/L sodium hydroxide solution and stir until the Guinea oil palm oil dissolves; (c) adding 500-1500 g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether and 260-780 g of triethanolamine; (d) adding water to obtain 100 L of solution and mixing to obtain a homogeneous white suspension; (f) adding 50-140 g of sodium benzoate and stirring until the sodium benzoate is completely dissolved; (f) loading 77.3-85.8 L of water and 2.5-7.5 L of colloidal silver concentrate into a new 150 L stainless steel reactor and adding 10 L of the solution obtained in step (e) with stirring; (g) after stirring for 5 minutes, adding 1.75-5.25 kg of methyl vinyl ether copolymer, where the methyl vinyl ether copolymer is pre-polymerized in a stainless steel reactor containing 1.75-5.25 liters of deionized water, at 40°C ; and (h) stirring continuously until the resulting mixture becomes clear and viscous. 22. The method of claim 21, comprising (a) loading 7.45 kg of Guinea oil palm oil into a 150 L stainless steel container and heating the Guinea oil palm oil until it melts; (b) slowly add 1 L of 350 g/L sodium hydroxide solution and stir until the Guinea oil palm oil dissolves; (c) adding 990 g of polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether and 520 g of triethanolamine; (d) adding water to obtain 100 L of solution and mixing to obtain a homogeneous white suspension; (f) adding 90 g of sodium benzoate and stirring until it is completely dissolved; (f) loading 81.5 L of water and 5 L of colloidal silver concentrate into a new 150 L stainless steel reactor and adding, with stirring, 10 L of the solution obtained in step (e); (g) after stirring for 5 minutes, adding 3.5 kg of methyl vinyl ether copolymer, where the methyl vinyl ether copolymer is pre-polymerized in a stainless steel reactor containing 3.5 L of deionized water at 40° C.; and (h) continuing to mix until the resulting mixture becomes clear and viscous. Eurasian Patent Organization, EAPO Russia, 109012, Moscow, Maly Cherkassky lane, 2 -