EA044478B1 - SPATIAL DESIGN OF THE FRAME OF AGRICULTURAL VEHICLE - Google Patents

Description

Field of technology

The invention relates to the field of machine production and, in particular, to frame structures to which structural elements of agricultural vehicles are attached.

State of the art

US Patent 6,533,348 B1 (published 2003-03-18) discloses a spatial frame structure for a vehicle consisting of a body block and a front block. The body block consists of a pair of longitudinal side beams connected in pairs by perpendicular profiles at the rear, forming a pair of supports. Most of the interlocking profiles are located in the body block to protect the main frame longitudinal beams, lower frame profiles and said pair of supports. The front block consists of a pair of front bottom profiles, a pair of top profiles and a front connecting profile, designed and arranged so that the front bottom and front top profiles can be connected to each other in the transverse direction. The front block is rigidly connected to the body block by rigidly connecting each profile of the lower front part with the main longitudinal beams and the profiles of the upper front part with a pair of supports.

Patent US 8517423 B1 (published 2013-08-27) describes a spatial frame design for an off-road vehicle. The frame includes identical side members on the right and left sides; a front frame block including at least one lower portion on left and right sides; a middle block including at least one lower portion on left and right sides; a rear block also including at least one lower portion on left and right sides; and various mounting brackets for attaching vehicle structural members to the left and right side rails.

Although both of the above-mentioned patents describe spatial structures of a vehicle frame, they are not adapted for mounting structural elements of an agricultural vehicle. Also, the mentioned designs do not provide for the connection of replaceable fuel tanks.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is the utility model described in the patent document CN 203920913 U (published 2014-11-05), which describes the design of a tractor frame containing front and rear parts, to which the following components are attached: a driver's seat connected to the front part of the frame with pins; tractor suspension connected to the lower part of the front frame by tapered pins; housing for mounting the main brake pump; bracket for mounting the battery; housing for mounting the hydraulic oil tank; bracket for mounting a hydraulic cylinder; bracket for attaching the suspension connector. The power take-off mounting body II and the power take-off mounting body I are welded to the rear frame structure by placing said mounting members from the front to the rear, respectively. The mounting elements for the power take-offs are located at the end of the rear frame structure. The tractor frame structure is simple, rigid, and has a simple manufacturing and assembly process. The attachment point of the tractor elements to the frame structure can be best positioned, the front end can be enlarged by combining more functions, and the rear end can be configured to accommodate mechanical implements. Although the presented frame design allows for the attachment of many structural elements, it does not allow for the installation of a replaceable fuel tank structure. This significantly limits the use of the design to create elements of alternative fuel and energy systems (for example: natural gas cylinders, electric batteries, etc.) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural sector and ensure autonomous operation without recharging the energy source.

Disclosure of the invention

This description characterizes the spatial design of the frame of an agricultural vehicle for attaching structural elements. The frame structure has: upper, middle and lower horizontal structures, consisting of rigidly interconnected longitudinal beams, transverse and diagonally located structural tubes and stiffening elements. The upper, middle and horizontal structures are connected to each other by perpendicular and diagonal tubes and an additional stiffening element. The presented frame design makes it possible to attach the following elements of agricultural machinery: rear wheel hubs mounted with electric drives; mechanical implement coupling; designs of replaceable fuel tanks; door platform; tilting driver's cab; front steered chassis axle with electric drive; side containers for components; power unit; mechanical coupling device for trailers and semi-trailers.

The described design of the frame of an agricultural machine differs from analogues in that it allows the use of large-volume replaceable fuel tanks. As a result, most of the elements are attached to the outside of the frame, which creates additional space in which elements of alternative fuel and energy systems (for example, natural gas tanks, electric batteries, etc.) can be placed. This allows you to increase the operating time of agricultural

- 1 044478 military vehicle. In addition, the narrower front part of the frame, which houses the front-wheel drive chassis with electric drive, provides a high steering angle, increasing the maneuverability of the agricultural machine, and the attachment of the rear wheel hubs to the frame by replacing the rear chassis axle allows for a larger fuel tank capacity. Additionally, fasteners in the frame design allow the tilt-up driver's cab to be mounted on top of the frame, providing quick and easy access to the powertrain compartment and other front-end components.

Brief description of drawings

Fig. 1 - front view of the spatial structure of the frame;

fig. 2 - top view of the spatial structure of the frame;

fig. 3 is a front view of a rear wheel hub attached to the frame structure;

fig. 4 is a front view of the implement connecting device attached to the frame structure;

fig. 5 is a front view of the replaceable fuel tanks attached to the frame structure;

fig. 6 is a front view of the door platform attached to the frame structure;

fig. 7 is a front view of the driver's cabin attached to the frame structure;

fig. 8 is a front view of an agricultural machine with elements attached to the frame structure.

The presented images are for illustrative purposes only, have approximate scale, proportions and other elements; they may not fully correspond to the actual invention.

Carrying out the invention

The present description presents a generalized method for combining (arranging) the structure of agricultural vehicles and associated elements. The upper horizontal structure of the space frame (Fig. 1, 2) consists of two longitudinal beams of a tubular profile 1, which are connected using transversely directed structural tubes 27 of the same length. The structural elements of the upper horizontal structure 1, 27 are rigidly connected using diagonally arranged structural tubes 29. The middle horizontal space frame structure consists of two parts: a rigid part and a tapered part. The rigid part is parallel to the upper and lower horizontal structures and consists of two longitudinal tubular beams 8, the front part of which is rigidly connected by a structural tube 39 located in the transverse direction. The narrowed part consists of rigidly interconnected structural tubes located in the longitudinal 25, 26 and transverse 43 directions, which are additionally connected by means of stiffening elements 44 on both sides of the narrowed part. The rigid and narrowed parts are mutually rigidly connected by two longitudinally located tubular profile beams 19, in addition to which pairs of stiffening elements 40, 42 are connected, these elements are also connected to the front transverse tube 39 of the rigid part and the rear transverse tube 43 of the narrowed part. The front transverse tube 39 of the rigid part, the longitudinal beams 19 and the rear transverse tube 43 of the narrowed part are additionally rigidly connected by a plate 41, which is installed horizontally in the upper part of these elements. The lower horizontal structure of the space frame consists of a pair of longitudinal tubular profile beams 12, rigidly connected to each other by structural tubes 38 located in the transverse direction. The longitudinal beams 12 are additionally connected to the transverse tubes by means of diagonally located structural tubes 37, to which sections of the beams are connected in the longitudinal direction.

The upper horizontal structure is rigidly connected to the middle horizontal structure using 3 perpendicularly and 4 diagonally located structural tubes. Additionally, a pair of stiffening plates 5 is rigidly connected on both sides of the frame. The narrowed part of the middle horizontal structure is rigidly connected to the upper horizontal structure using tubes 2, inclined towards the inside of the frame. One of the pairs of tubes 2, located at a distance of a pair of tubes from the front part of the frame, is connected by a transverse structural tube, in the upper part of which in the middle a cylindrical mounting protrusion 45 is rigidly fixed. The transverse tube 27 of the upper horizontal structure is additionally connected by means of a diagonally located structural tube 20 with a vertical a middle tube to which the horizontal transverse tube 27 of the horizontal upper structure and the front transverse tube 39 of the rigid part of the middle structure are connected. The diagonally connected tube 20 is further connected to the vertical tube by means of a stiffener 21. The vertical tube is connected to a pair of vertically arranged front tubes 3 of the rigid part of the middle horizontal structure by means of transverse structural tubes.

The lower horizontal structure is rigidly connected to the middle horizontal structure using structural tubes located perpendicularly 15 and diagonally 13 on both sides. The transverse front tube 38 of the lower horizontal structure is connected to the rear transverse tube 43 of the narrowed part of the middle horizontal structure by a pair of diagonally located structural tubes 17, to which is connected another pair of diagonally located tubes 18 connected to the front transverse tube 39 of the rigid part of the middle horizontal structure . Front cross tube 38 lower horizontal design in the middle

- 2 044478 parts are connected by means of a structural tube in the vertical direction to the middle part of the front transverse tube 39 of the rigid part of the middle horizontal structure.

By connecting the horizontal top, middle and bottom structures using perpendicularly and diagonally arranged structural tubes, a spatial frame structure is formed, to which standard and non-standard structural elements of agricultural vehicles are attached.

Non-standard structural elements:

rear wheel hubs assembled with electric drives;

coupling device for mechanical implements;

design of replaceable fuel tanks;

door platform;

tilting driver's cab.

Standard structural elements:

front steering axle chassis with electric drive;

side containers for components;

power unit (for example, internal combustion engine, electric generator);

mechanical coupling device for trailers and semi-trailers.

Connection of non-standard structural elements with a frame structure.

The rear wheel hubs (Fig. 3) together with internal electric drives are installed on both sides of the rear part of the frame structure. For this purpose, brackets 6 with inserted flanges 10 are attached to the longitudinal beams 12 of the lower horizontal frame structure and to the vertical rear tubes 3, 15 connecting the lower, middle and upper parts of the structure. The mounting plates 7, to which the hub holders 48 are attached after the hub has been attached to the flange 10, are also attached to the brackets 6.

The implement's coupling device (Fig. 4) is mounted on the frame structure at the rear. The lower part of the coupling device 51 is attached to the mounting plates 31, connected by means of bushings 9 to the longitudinal beams 12 of the lower horizontal frame structure. The lower part of the coupling device 51 is also attached to the frame by means of adjustable arms 49, which are attached to mounting plates 11 rigidly connected to the longitudinal beams 12 of the lower horizontal frame structure. The lower portion of the coupling device 51 is further connected by a plate 50 attached to a projection 36 that is attached to the middle of the lower cross member 38 of the lower horizontal frame structure. The upper part of the hitch 54 is connected by a pair of support legs 53, which are attached to the upper frame fasteners 32 by placing additional height adjustment plates between them. The implement's coupling device is attached to the frame using hydraulic cylinders 52, which are connected to the frame by brackets 33 with projections. The brackets 33 of the hydraulic cylinders 52 are connected to the vertical rear tubes 3 and the vertical holders 6 of the flanges 10 enclosing them.

The combination of the upper, middle and lower horizontal frame structures creates additional space at the rear for connecting replaceable fuel tanks (Fig. 5) to the structure. The design of the fuel tanks contains: a support platform 55; a lower hydraulic cylinder 56 connected to the platform 55 and connected to a support projection 14, which is rigidly attached to the cross tube 38 of the lower horizontal frame structure and the connecting vertical tube. The support platform 55 is attached to the bottom of the platform by means of guides 35 within the frame. The guides 35 are attached to the longitudinal beam sections of the lower horizontal frame structure. This allows the support platform 55 to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction and provide good access to the fuel tanks during maintenance, repair or tank replacement. The support platform 55, moving in the longitudinal direction and reaching its final position, is supported by a latch 57 on a flange 16 connected to a latch 28, which is attached to the transverse 39 and the longitudinal frame tubes enclosing them.

The door platform (Fig. 6) is attached to the lower horizontal frame structure by longitudinal beams 12 using hinge fasteners 58. A flange 59 is installed on the platform, on which the fuel tank support platform 55 rests using a latch 57. Guides 60 that move the fuel tank structure when they are open and also attached to the door. A two-way cylinder, which is attached to the rear cross tube 27 of the upper horizontal frame structure, and lug brackets 34 connected to the said tube 27 are used to lock the door in a vertical position.

The folding driver's cabin (Fig. 7) is installed in the upper part of the frame structure. The driver's cabin is secured by brackets 61, which are connected to the longitudinal beams 1 of the upper horizontal frame structure by means of bushings 46 and standard pins. A hydraulic cylinder 62 connected to the front middle portion of the driver's cab is attached by a mounting lug 45 rigidly attached to the cross tube. This provides rotational movement of the cabin around the axis of the bushings 46 when the cylinder 62 raises the cabin to the upper position. The cabin when it is transferred to

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Claims (7)

its maximum position, rests on the protective elements 47 attached to the front transverse tube 27 of the upper horizontal frame structure and protecting the frame structure from impact of the cabin when it moves. The tilting driver's cab provides good access for maintenance or repair of structural elements. The space under the cab can be adapted to transport repair tools, spare parts or other items. Connection of standard structural elements to the frame structure. The front axle with steering wheels of the chassis with electric drive is connected to the frame using axial beams 24 of the narrowed part of the horizontal middle structure. The front axle beam is rigidly attached to the longitudinal beams 25 of the narrowed part, and the rear axle beam is attached to mounting plates 22 rigidly attached to the longitudinal beams of the frame 25. The mounting projections 23 of the axle locking mechanism are also rigidly connected to the longitudinal beams 25 of the frame. The narrowed part of the middle horizontal frame structure provides a significant rotation angle (up to 30°) for the steered wheels of an agricultural machine mounted on the front axle hubs. An additional frame structure (Fig. 8) is connected to the frame structure, and component containers 63 are attached to the sides of said additional frame structure to accommodate elements of electric drives and hydraulic equipment. An additional structure consisting of rigidly connected structural tubes is secured using bushings 30. The power unit (for example, internal combustion engine, electric generator) is installed on the front spatial part of the frame structure, under the driver's folding cab. The rear upper part of the frame structure is designed to accept a standard trailer and semi-trailer hitch. The described frame design, in comparison with the closest analogue, is more suitable for the use of large-volume replaceable fuel tanks installed inside the frame structure of an agricultural machine. To illustrate and characterize the present invention, the above is a description of the most preferred embodiments of the claimed invention. These embodiments are not exhaustive and are not limited to the description intended for a particular characteristic of the device or embodiment of the invention. The above description should be considered illustrative rather than limiting. It will be appreciated that many modifications and variations may be apparent to those skilled in the art. An embodiment of the invention is selected and described so that those skilled in the art can best understand the spirit of the present invention and its best practical applicability to various embodiments of the invention with various modifications in accordance with a particular use or implementation. It is assumed that the scope of legal protection of an invention is determined by the formula and equivalent features, while generalized terms are used to characterize the features unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described by those skilled in the art may be modified without changing the spirit of the present invention as defined by the claims. CLAIM 1. Spatial structure of the frame of an agricultural vehicle, providing the possibility of attaching structural elements to the frame, containing: an upper horizontal structure consisting of rigidly connected longitudinal tubular beams (1), transverse (27) and diagonally located (29) structural tubes; a middle horizontal structure, the front part of which has a tapering shape, consisting of rigidly connected longitudinal tubular beams (19, 25, 26), transverse structural tubes (43) and stiffening elements (40, 42, 44); a lower horizontal structure consisting of longitudinal tubular beams (12), transverse (38) and diagonally located (37) structural tubes, while the upper, middle and lower horizontal structures are rigidly connected to each other by structural tubes located perpendicularly (3, 15) and diagonally (2, 4, 14, 17, 18, 20), by additionally connecting a stiffening element (21) and connecting one pair of tubes (2) with a transverse tube, characterized in that the connected upper, middle and lower horizontal frame structures are made with the possibility of attaching replaceable fuel tanks and creating additional space for placing elements of systems of alternative energy sources and/or fuel. 2. The spatial structure of the frame of an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal beams (12) of the lower horizontal structure of the frame and the rear tubes located perpendicularly (3, 15) are made with the possibility of attaching brackets (6), allowing for insertion into them flanges (10) for attaching wheel hubs and connecting to mounting plates (7) for attaching rear wheel hub holders (48). - 4 044478 3. The spatial structure of the frame of an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame provides the possibility of mounting a coupling device of a mechanical implement on it, while the lower part (51) of the coupling device of a mechanical implement provides the possibility of connection with mounting plates (31) made with the possibility of their attachment to the longitudinal beams (12) of the frame using adjustable levers (49) connected to fastening plates (11), which are designed to be rigidly attached to the lower beams (12) of the frame, as well as with an additional plate (50), connected to a projection (36) attached to the middle of the rear cross member (38); the upper part (54) of the coupling device is configured to be connected by means of a pair of support legs (53), which are configured to be connected to the frame structure by fastening elements (32), and, in addition, the coupling device is configured to be attached to the frame using a hydraulic cylinder (52), connected to brackets (33), configured to be attached to the rear tubes (3) and brackets (6). 4. The spatial structure of the frame of an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that sections of the longitudinal beams of the lower horizontal frame structure provide the possibility of attaching guides (35) for attaching a platform (55) of replaceable fuel tanks connected to a hydraulic cylinder (56) in the structure agricultural vehicle, and the transverse tube (38) of the lower horizontal frame structure and the connecting vertical tube are configured to rigidly fasten the support protrusion (14) connected in the structure of the agricultural vehicle to a hydraulic cylinder (56), and the transverse (39) and longitudinal tubes the frames are made with the possibility of attaching a latch (28) for connection in the structure of an agricultural vehicle with a flange (16), which, through the latch (57), allows the platform (55) of replaceable fuel tanks to be supported on it. 5. The spatial structure of the frame of an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the horizontal structure is made with the possibility of attaching a door platform to it by means of longitudinal beams (12) and hinge fasteners (58); the upper horizontal structure of the frame is configured to attach a two-way hydraulic cylinder to the rear transverse tube (27) and connect brackets with projections (34) to the same rear transverse tube (27) for fixing the door platform in a vertical position; the door platform is configured to install a flange (59), on which the fuel tank platform (55) rests using a lock (57). 6. The spatial structure of the frame of an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer upper part of the frame structure allows installation and fastening by means of brackets (61) of the driver's cabin; the transverse tube of the frame is configured to be rigidly connected to the mounting projection (45), providing the ability to attach a hydraulic cylinder (62) connected to the driver's cabin in the structure of an agricultural vehicle, and the transverse tube (27) of the frame is configured to attach protective elements to it ( 47), providing the ability to support the driver's cab on them when it reaches its maximum tilting position. 7. The spatial structure of the frame of an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of attaching the following standard structural elements: a front steering axle of the chassis with an electric drive, connected by bridge beams (24), one of which is rigidly attached to the frame structure, and the other to the mounting plates (22); side containers (63) for components installed on the additional frame structure, connected to the spatial frame structure with bushings (30); a power unit made in the form of an internal combustion engine or an electric generator installed on the front spatial part of the frame structure under the driver's folding cab; coupling device for trailers and semi-trailers, attached to the rear upper part of the frame structure. -