EA042640B1 - METHOD FOR SPINNING AND/OR TWISTING YARN, MACHINE FOR SPINNING AND/OR TWISTING YARN AND METHOD FOR CONVERTING MACHINE FOR SPINNING AND/OR TWISTING YARN - Google Patents

Description

In the textile industry, in particular in the spinning and twisting industry, continuous ring spinning machines, ring twisting machines, multiple twisting machines, double twisting machines, vertical cable twisting machines, cable twisting machines, etc. are widely used.

All of these yarn twisting machines need to spin the yarn away from the center of spin to save space occupied by the machine part, resulting in a spinning figure called a balloon. This balloon is formed by a region or volume of rotation with a central axis of rotation, such as a conical volume.

Manufacturers of spinning and twisting machines tend to suppress or shrink the balloon by physically restricting it in order to prevent the balloon from increasing in diameter and to minimize its height as much as possible. Thus, the stress generated in the yarn during the twisting and/or spinning process becomes smaller to prevent possible damage to the yarn that affects its quality and possible breaks during its manufacture, and therefore the rotation or angular velocity must be limited and reduced. or, in other words, they cannot be increased due to their negative performance impact.

Tang et al. in Modeling yarn balloon motion in ring spinning, Applied Mathematical Model, Guildford GB vol 31, (February 1, 2007), pages 1397-1410, (ISSN 0307-904X) and Cheng Hu Tang et al. in An experimental investigation of yarn tension in simulated ring spinning, Fibers and Polymers vol 5, (December 1, 2004), pages 275-279 (ISSN 1229-9197) suggest that a free balloon model may be recommended.However, Engineering Fundamentals of Ring Spinning, Over-End Unwinding and Two-For-One Twisting in Textile Processes (ISBN 978-1-60595-172-0) W. Barrie Frasier, co-author of both papers, acknowledges that this model is not fully applicable to twisting or spinning machines.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

In accordance with the present invention, a method is provided that is new in the art, while the developed method eliminates the above described disadvantages, as well as provides other additional advantages that will become apparent from the following description.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a process for spinning and/or twisting yarn into a plurality of balloon extensions, in which the yarn passes from the yarn supply means (such as, for example, at least a bobbin) towards the yarn collecting and/or winding means. connected to the drive means for rotating the yarn collecting means at a predetermined speed, and at a point located between the yarn supply means and the yarn collecting means, the formation of balloon broadening occurs due to the presence of the torsion means. In particular, the present invention is characterized in that the torsion means have such a speed of rotation that the path of the yarn from the means for feeding the yarn towards the means for collecting (or winding) the yarn forms, when the torsion means is actuated, a helical trajectory with variable helix diameters along distances between the means for feeding the yarn and the means for collecting and/or winding the yarn so as to create a body of revolution having at least a hyperboloid structure forming at least two balloon extensions following one after the other.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the method can be implemented using multiple hyperboloid structures, giving the number of hyperboloids in the range from 2 to 20.

Under conditions of operation with certain parameters, an increase in balloon flares, which in turn implies an increase in hyperboloid structures, is achieved by increasing the height of the balloon flare and, therefore, increasing the diameter by several times, creating an already established balloon flare, so that the height of the balloon flare is 5-50 times the value of the diameter forming the flare of the balloon, since it is desirable to increase the flares of the balloon, and, therefore, by increasing the hyperboloid structures, the number of which could increase from 2 to 20 with an increase in such a height.

For this reason, the torsion is carried out by means of a plurality of balloon extensions, which compensate for the stress during operation, so that the stress generated by the tensioning means is less than with known spinning and/or torsion methods.

- 1 042640

Thanks to these characteristics, the yarn can be spun and/or twisted at a higher speed and therefore with higher productivity, lower yarn tension and lower energy consumption, thus reducing production costs and improving yarn quality.

The stress that can be created in the yarn by the centrifugal forces caused by the speed of rotation is neutralized at the inflection points between the balloon flares.

Another advantage of this method is that it allows very fine yarns to be twisted with a low level of tension, which extends to the processing of new very fine yarns of low tenacity, which currently breaks when worked with a tension that it cannot withstand.

This method is suitable for any yarn, fiber, thread, rope, tape, etc., as well as for natural, synthetic and artificial materials. This can be especially useful when working with fiberglass, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, etc., as it allows you to work at a higher speed and at a lower voltage level.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height of the balloon flares is at least twice the diameter forming the balloon flare.

In a still more preferred embodiment, the height of the balloon flare is 5 to 50, especially 5 to 25 diameters forming the balloon flare.

This height range is preferably distributed so that for diameters of, for example, 200 mm, or 216 mm, or 250 mm, or 300 mm, or 330 mm, or 400 mm, or 500 mm, and depending on the thickness of the yarn being processed, 2 balloon extensions (i.e. a hyperboloid structure) can be obtained with a height 5 times the diameter that forms the balloon extension, or with an increase in the thickness of the yarn, this height must be increased by 6 times compared to the diameter that forms the balloon extension, or 7 times compared to the diameter that forms the expansion of the balloon, even 8 times compared to the diameter that forms the tension of the balloon.

On the other hand, if the generatrix diameter is reduced to values such as, for example, 165 mm or 140 mm or 120 mm or 100 mm up to 30 mm, so that two expansions of the balloon are obtained, then the height is defined as five times the diameter forming the balloon flare, or six times the diameter forming the balloon flare, or even seven times the diameter forming the balloon flare, and this value varies differently than with large generatrix diameters.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height of the balloon flares is at least twice the height of the yarn collecting means.

Likewise, it may be preferable that the height of the flare of the balloon is at least twice the height of the yarn supply means.

According to another feature of the invention, the yarn passes through the tensioning means located at a point prior to the yarn collecting means and/or the yarn feeding means, in particular when spinning on a ring spinning machine and twisting on a ring twister. In the case of double twisting machines, straight cable twisting machines and vertical twisting machines, the voltage is also regulated by other external means.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tension means in the ring spinning machine and the ring twister comprise a runner connected to a bobbin carriage which is connected to a winding bobbin.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn, comprising yarn feeding means, yarn collecting means, twisting means placed between the yarn feeding means and the yarn collecting means, and creating a diameter forming a broadening of the yarn ball in the region forming the broadening cylinder, and driving means connected to the means of supplying yarn and/or the means of collecting yarn.

The proposed machine is characterized in that the distance between the guide means and the area that creates the expansion of the balloon is at least twice the diameter that forms the balloon, so that at least two enlargements of the balloon are formed between the guide means and the area that creates the expansion of the balloon. It is necessary that the machine does not contain elements that limit the cylinder. A balloon bounding element should be considered any element in contact with the yarn in the region in which the ballooning occurs.

It should be noted that in the case of ring spinning and ring twisting machines, an increase in the number of balloon expansions is associated with a reduction in the dimensions of the runner and, consequently, the weight of the runner itself, with subsequent advantages resulting from this.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for converting a machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn, in which the height of the flare of the balloon is increased either by raising the yarn feeding means and/or the guide means relative to the yarn collecting means,

- 2 042640 or by raising the yarn collecting means relative to the yarn feeding means.

Therefore, by increasing the height of the balloon flare and by actuating the torsion means, a body of revolution is created, the diameter of which forms a balloon, having at least a hyperboloid structure, forming at least two balloon flares, successive.

Other characteristics and advantages of the method proposed in accordance with the present invention will become apparent from the description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment, which is presented as a non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a continuous ring spinning machine using the method of the present invention, which includes a detailed view of the runner;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a ring twister using the method of the present invention, which includes a detailed view of the runner;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of another ring twisting machine using the method of the present invention, which includes a detailed view of the runner;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a double twister using the method of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of a vertical cable twister using the method according to the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the geometric shape that the yarn assumes during the twisting process according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the path that the yarn may follow during the method proposed in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a machine using yarn tensioning means combined with guide means;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a ring twisting machine without guide means;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of a machine using yarn tension means without guide means;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of a ring twisting machine using a roller as guide means.

Implementation of the invention

In view of the said drawings and in accordance with the accepted numbering, one can see an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention, which includes the parts and elements identified and described in detail below.

In all of the preferred embodiments of the spinning-twisting machine described below, the winding bobbin has a rotational speed that causes the creation of a spiral path with a variable diameter (S) of the spiral (see Fig. 7) along the distance (LB) between the yarn supply means and the winding bobbin, which provides a a body of revolution, having two successive hyperboloid structures (E), forming a set of broadenings (B) of the balloon, following one after another.

In another aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a ring spinning machine is provided, comprising in its upper part a yarn supply system, generally indicated by the reference number (1), which is known and therefore not described in more detail, and comprising, in its lower part, a yarn collecting spool (2) (3) driven by into rotation by an electric motor by means of known drive means (4), shown schematically. The yarn (3) wound on the spool enters perpendicular to the side wall of the spool, as it passes through a tension element called a runner (5) located in the spool carriage (6), which takes the twisted yarn and places it on the spool (2). The slider (5) is best shown in the enlarged view included in FIG. 1.

During the method of winding the yarn (3) in the embodiments of the invention presented in the present application, three balloon extensions (B) (the number of balloon extensions is not limiting) are formed between the guide means (8) for guiding the yarn (shown schematically), such as, for example, a small diameter ring, and a balloon flaring area by torsion means, so that a ballooning diameter (DB) of a multi-flare yarn balloon structure having two hyperboloid clamps (E) is set to form a ballooning diameter (DB) to reduce the stress level of the yarn. An important characteristic of the machine is the absence of elements limiting the cylinder. By terminating the balloon should be understood any element in contact with the yarn in the area where the balloons are formed.

It should be noted that the distance (LB) between the guide means and the area creating

- 3 042640 expansion of the balloon, at least twice the diameter (DB) forming the balloon, so that between the guide means and the region that creates the expansion of the balloon, formed at least two expansions of the balloon.

It should be noted that the number of balloon flares (B) can be increased or decreased (minimum two balloon flares) by increasing or decreasing the distance (LB) between the yarn guiding element and the element responsible for providing torsion, which in this case is represented by the runner (5 ).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height of the balloon flares is 5 to 50 times the diameter forming the balloon flare.

In an even more preferred embodiment of the invention, the height of the balloons is 5 to 25 times the diameter that forms the broadening of the balloon.

In a non-limiting exemplary embodiment of the invention, with a 36 mm DB, eight hyperboloid structures (i.e., nine balloons) can be produced with a balloon flare height that is 50 times the 36 mm DB for yarns with titer 30 nm.

By titer is meant the ratio between the weight and the length of the yarn, the former being a fixed value and the latter a variable value.

In FIG. 2 shows a ring twister with a yarn feed roller from a fixed spool frame, where the same common elements have the same reference numbers, the feeding means, usually indicated by the reference number (1), are located at the top of the machine, and the reel (2) for collecting yarn (3 ) is located at the bottom of the machine.

In FIG. 3 shows a ring twisting machine, which is particularly suitable for working glass fibers, where the same common elements have the same reference numbers, with the feed means (1) located at the top of the machine and the reel (2) for collecting the yarn (3) located at the bottom of the machine , so that the yarn moves in a top-down direction, as in the embodiments of the machines shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In FIG. 4 shows a double twister where like common elements have like reference numerals.

In FIG. 5 shows a two-strand vertical cable twister, where like common members have like reference numerals, with the direction of operation from bottom to top, as for the machine shown in FIG. 4 is indicated by an arrow (f), i.e. the gathering spool is located in the upper part, and the means for supplying the first and second threads connected to each other are located in the lower part. In this machine, the yarn (3) and the additional yarn (H2) are combined, with the additional yarn (H2) being fed by the feeder (7).

In FIG. 6-8 show the geometrical profile that the yarn can take during the twisting process, where the three balloon flares are formed (see FIG. 6), as well as the actual path that the yarn can take during the yarn processing process.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spinning and/or twisting machine comprises means for increasing or decreasing the height (LB) of the balloon flare (not shown). This feature facilitates access to the yarn feed means (1) or the yarn collection means (2), which are difficult to reach for the user during operation of the machine because they are in too high a position. Thus, the means for increasing or decreasing the height (LB) of the flare of the balloon allow, if necessary, for example, to replace the coil, to reduce the height of the flare of the balloon to provide the user with easy access to the means (1) for supplying yarn or to the means (2) for collecting yarn. After replacing the spool, the means for increasing or decreasing the height (LB) of the balloon widening allow the means (1) for supplying yarn or the means (2) for collecting yarn to be returned to the working position.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the guide means (8) for guiding the yarn (3) move in height associated with the height movement of the bobbin carriage (6) and the runner (5). The height movement of the bobbin carriage (6) and the runner (5) facilitates the collection of the processed yarn in the yarn collecting means (3), such as the bobbin (2), which remains fixed in height. The movement of the guide means (8), associated with the movement of the reel carriage (6) and the slider (5) in height, makes it possible to ensure a constant height (LB) of the expansion of the balloon and, thus, to avoid changes in the shape of the balloons. In some cases, the yarn feed means (1) move in height together with the guide means (8).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention (see FIG. 9) the yarn supply means (1) or the yarn collection means are arranged in such a way that the yarn outlet of the yarn supply means (1) or the yarn inlet of the yarn collection means (2) is located approximately on the vertical axis ( V) expansion of the balloon.

In a preferred embodiment, the guide means (8) for guiding the yarn (3), especially in the case of fine yarns of low strength, is a roller (9) (see Fig. 11). In some cases, the roller (9) can make a forced rotational movement associated

- 4 042640 with rotational movement of the means (1) for feeding the yarn, to reduce the friction of the yarn that occurs when the yarn comes into contact with the roller (9).

In a preferred embodiment, the yarn feed means (1) comprise yarn tension means (see FIGS. 8 and 10). In some cases, the direction of movement of the yarn in the means of tensioning the yarn is at an angle relative to the vertical axis (V) in the range from -20° to +20°. In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the direction of movement of the yarn in the yarn tension means coincides with the vertical axis (V). In any of the above cases, guide means (see FIG. 10) may not be required.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for converting a spinning and/or twisting machine, comprising: increasing the height (LB) of the flare of the balloon, so that when the torsion means is actuated, a body of revolution is created, the diameter of which forms a balloon having at least a hyperboloid structure ( E) forming at least two flares (B) of the balloon following one after the other.

The increase in height (LB) of balloon broadening is achieved by raising the yarn feed means (1) and/or guiding means (8) for guiding the yarn relative to the yarn collecting means (2) or by raising the yarn collecting means (2) relative to the means (1) yarn supply.

Details, shapes, dimensions and other auxiliary elements used in the proposed method can be easily replaced by other elements within the scope of the present invention, given by the attached claims.

Claims (18)

1. A method of spinning and/or twisting yarn, according to which the yarn is passed from the yarn supply means (1) containing yarn guides (8) towards the yarn collecting means, and the method includes placing tension means in front of the yarn collecting means and /or yarn supply means, wherein the yarn collecting means are connected to the drive means for rotating the yarn collecting means at a predetermined speed, while at the point located between the yarn feeding means (1) and the yarn collecting means, the formation of a broadening of the balloon occurs due to the presence of torsion means , moreover, the distance (LB) between the guide means (8) and the torsion means is set at least twice as large as the diameter (DB) forming the balloon, while the yarn torsion means rotate at such a rotation speed, and the tension means create a voltage of such magnitude, that the formation of a spiral trajectory with variable diameters of the spiral along the distance between the means (1) for supplying yarn and the means for collecting yarn is ensured, so that the trajectory of the yarn when actuating the torsion means creates a body of revolution, the diameter of which forms a balloon having at least a hyperboloid structure ( E) forming at least two flares (B) of the balloon following one after the other, without the aid of the device elements, on the yarn path between the twisting means and the yarn collecting means. 2. Method for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to claim 1, wherein the body of revolution, the diameter of which forms a balloon, contains from 2 to 20 hyperboloid structures (E). 3. A method for spinning and/or twisting a yarn according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the length (LB) of the balloon flares is at least twice the diameter (DB) forming the balloon flare. 4. A method for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to claim 3, wherein the height (LB) of the balloon flares is 5 to 50 times the diameter (DB) forming the balloon flare. 5. A method for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to claim 4, wherein the height (LB) of the balloon flares is 5 to 25 times the diameter (DB) forming the balloon flare. 6. Method for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the means for collecting the yarn is a winding reel (2). 7. Method for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the means (1) for supplying yarn is a supply reel (2). 8. A method for spinning and/or twisting a yarn according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the yarn (3) is passed through tension means placed before the yarn collection means and/or the yarn feed means. 9. Method for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to claim 8, wherein the tensioning means comprise a runner (5) which is connected to a bobbin carriage (6) connected to the yarn collecting means. 10. A machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn, comprising means (1) for feeding yarn for feeding at least one yarn (3), containing guide means (8) for guiding the yarn, yarn collecting means for collecting processed yarn (3), tensioning means placed in front of the yarn collecting means and/or yarn feeding means, torsion means placed between the yarn feeding means and the yarn collecting means and made with the possibility of creating a diameter (DB) forming a widening of the yarn balloon (3) in the area , forming a broadening (B) of the cylinder with a generatrix diameter (DB), and drive means (4) connected to the yarn collecting means, made with the possibility of rotation at a given speed, while at a point located between the yarn supply means (1) and the means collection of yarn, the formation of a broadening of the balloon occurs, and the distance (LB) between the guide means (8) and the torsion means is at least twice the diameter (DB) forming the balloon, while the yarn torsion means are made rotatable at such a rotation speed , and the tension means are designed to create such a magnitude of stress that the formation of a spiral path with variable helix diameters along the distance between the means (1) for supplying yarn and the means for collecting yarn is ensured, so that the trajectory of the yarn when actuating the means of torsion creates a body of rotation, the diameter of which forms a balloon, having at least a hyperboloid structure (E), forming at least two flares (B) of the balloon, following one after another, and it does not contain device elements on the trajectory of the yarn between the means of torsion and the means of collecting yarn, and between the guiding means (8) and the region forming the balloon flare, at least two balloon flares (B) can be formed. 11. Machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to claim 10, containing means for increasing or decreasing the height (LB) of the broadening of the balloon. 12. Machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to any one of claims 10, 11, in which the guide means (8) for guiding the yarn (3) are made with the possibility of movement in height associated with the movement in height of the bobbin carriage (6) and slider (5). 13. A machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to claim 12, in which the means (1) for feeding the yarn are movable in height together with the guide means (8). 14. Machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to any one of claims 10 to 13, in which the yarn supply means (1) or the yarn collecting means are located in such a way that the yarn exits from the yarn supply means (1) or the yarn enters the means (2) the collection of yarn is located on the vertical axis (V) of the expansion of the balloon. 15. Machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to any one of claims 10 to 14, comprising guiding means (8) in the form of a roller (9) for guiding the yarn (3). 16. Machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to claim 15, in which the roller (9) is made with the possibility of forced rotational movement associated with the rotational movement of the yarn supply means (1). 17. A machine for spinning and/or twisting yarn according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the means for feeding the yarn comprise means for tensioning the yarn. 18. Method of operation of a spinning and/or twisting machine, which contains drive means (4) configured to rotate the means (2) for collecting yarn, characterized in that the drive means (4) rotate at a given speed, while at a point located between the means (1) for feeding the yarn and the means for collecting the yarn, the formation of a broadening of the balloon occurs, the means for twisting the yarn rotate at such a rotation speed, and the tension means create a tension of such magnitude that the formation of a spiral trajectory with variable diameters of the spiral along the distance between the means (1) is ensured yarn supply and yarn collection means, so that the trajectory of the yarn movement when actuating the torsion means creates a body of revolution, the diameter of which forms a balloon, and the method includes increasing the height (LB) of the balloon broadening by raising the yarn feeding means (1) relative to the means (2 ) collection of yarn or by lifting the means (2) for collecting yarn relative to the means (1) for supplying yarn so that, when the means of torsion are actuated, a body of revolution is created, the diameter of which forms a balloon having at least a hyperboloid structure (E) forming at least two balloon flares (B) following each other, without the aid of device elements, in the yarn path between the twisting means and the yarn collecting means, wherein the length (LB) of the balloon flares is at least twice the diameter (DB) , forming a broadening of the balloon.