EA040985B1 - MODULAR BUILDING SYSTEM - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a modular building system and a method for constructing a modular building using a modular building system.

The invention also relates to a retractable column and a jack-up column, which can be used in combination with, but not limited to, a modular building system.

Prior Art

Economy and affordability are the two limiting factors that determine whether a building can be made and built in the areas where it is most needed. In particular, can the building be built in remote areas and areas affected by natural disasters, where access, resources and labor can be severely limited.

The proposed modular building system was created with the above considerations in mind.

Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used have the same meaning as generally given to them by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. While any methods and tests equivalent to those indicated may be used in the practice or testing of the invention, only a limited number of methods and materials are described here as examples.

Disclosure of invention

According to a first aspect of the invention, a modular building system is provided, including a structural frame comprising an inner frame as a main structural element, said inner frame comprising a first frame with transverse members forming a base;

at least two sliding columns; and a second transverse member frame connected to the first transverse member frame by at least two expandable columns such that the distance and/or angle between the first transverse member frame and the second transverse member frame is adjustable.

The modular building system may further comprise exterior walls and a roof supported by a structural frame.

The modular building system may further comprise an outer frame comprising a bottom element and an upper element forming a plane;

a pair of columns, each of which is connected to both the lower element and the upper element, forming a peripheral frame; and a plurality of transverse beams perpendicularly intersecting the plane of the peripheral frame, said peripheral frame being spaced from the inner frame by the plurality of transverse beams, thereby increasing the usable volume of the structural frame.

Each of the pair of columns of the outer frame may be a sliding column.

The outer frame may contain a plurality of peripheral frames, each of which is placed at a distance from the inner frame by means of a plurality of transverse beams.

The outer frame may contain a plurality of peripheral frames, each of which is placed at a distance from the inner frame by means of an additional frame with transverse elements.

The modular building system may further comprise a roof panel connected to an inner frame, the inner frame supporting the roof panel in an inclined position with respect to the second frame with transverse members. The roof panel may include a second frame with transverse members.

The roof panel can be connected to the inner frame by sliding columns.

At least one of the first and second frames with transverse elements can serve as a support for a reinforcing mesh laid in it, intended for pouring with a hardening base.

Each of the first cross member frame, second cross member frame, expandable column, fixed column, roof panel, cross beam, peripheral frame, and additional cross member frame can be of standard dimensions. Each first cross member frame, second cross member frame, expandable column, fixed column, roof panel, cross beam, peripheral frame, and additional cross member frame can be made from standard materials and/or standard gauge material. In this way, a modular building system is created, which makes it possible to put into practice the principle of building from modules in various combinations, providing the possibility of creating a variety of building configurations.

The use of standardized connectors and brackets facilitates the concept of creating different combinations from a set of components, allowing the designer to select components from a kit or from individual parts and then create a specialized building structure that meets specific requirements.

At least one of the first and second frames with transverse elements may contain at least one transverse beam passing through the frame. Such at least one transverse beam may extend along the length of the frame with transverse elements. Such at least one priest

- 1 040985 river beam can pass across the width of the frame with transverse elements. At least one cross beam can be connected to additional cross beams or spacers of the frame with cross members to increase the rigidity of the frame.

At least two expandable columns can be pivotally connected to either the first or the second frame with transverse elements. The expandable columns may be connected to the first or second cross member frame by a hinge allowing the column to remain connected to the cross member frame and pivot between a transport position and a working position. In the transport position, the expandable column is located essentially parallel to the frame with transverse elements. In the working position, the sliding column is located essentially perpendicular to the frame with transverse elements.

ISO blocks from a freight container can be attached to opposite ends of the extendable column.

At least one of the first and second cross member frames may include forklift attachments for a forklift.

At least one of the first and second frames with transverse elements may contain a plurality of holes made in it for receiving and/or attaching support beams.

Each support beam may contain a plurality of mounting elements along its length for attaching cross beams thereto.

All openings of the aforementioned plurality of openings may be located at the same distance from each other on the outer surface of at least one of the first and second frames with transverse elements.

The outer perimeter of at least one of the first and second frames with transverse elements can be made with a C-shaped cross section.

At least one of the support beams and cross beams may have a C-shaped cross section.

At least one of the support beams and cross beams may have an I-shaped cross section.

A plurality of outer frames may be positioned around the inner frame such that the inner frame forms the base element and the plurality of outer frames are in contact with the base element.

The modular building system may include another inner frame connected to the aforementioned inner frame, between which the outer frame is located so that the transverse beams of the outer frame rest with their opposite ends on the inner frame and the aforementioned one more inner frame, respectively.

In some embodiments, the three inner frames may be stacked one behind the other and connected by two outer frames placed between them such that each outer frame is secured between the two inner frames to form an elongated building structure.

A plurality of first cross member frames, a plurality of second cross member frames, and four expandable columns can be held together by a pair of packaging frames to form a compact shipping kit. This kit may additionally contain fixed columns. This kit may additionally contain roof panels. This kit may also contain a plurality of top members and bottom members to form peripheral frames.

In some embodiments, either the first transverse member frame or the second transverse member frame may be rotatably coupled to at least two expandable columns such that said at least two expandable columns can pivot between a transport configuration in which said columns located essentially parallel to the first and second frames with transverse elements, and the working configuration in which these columns are located essentially perpendicular to the first and second frames with transverse elements.

The building system is mounted on an adjustable height frame that can be erected at the construction site. Additional structural elements are assembled from a pre-fabricated internal frame on site, which saves time during assembly. The frame and all structural members of the structural frame can be manufactured and certified prior to transport to the site of the modular building, thereby eliminating or at least reducing the need for site certification.

The invention also proposes a modular building system, including a structural frame containing an inner frame as the main structural element, and the specified inner frame contains the first frame with transverse elements forming the base;

two pairs of sliding columns; And

- 2 040985 a second frame with transverse elements connected to the first frame with transverse elements by two pairs of sliding columns so that the distance and angle between the first frame with transverse elements and the second frame with transverse elements are adjustable.

The modular building system may further comprise exterior walls and a roof supported by a structural frame.

The second frame with transverse elements can be pivotally connected to each of the first pair and the second pair of two pairs of expandable columns so that when the first pair of expandable columns is not equally extended relative to the second pair of expandable columns, the second frame with transverse elements can rotate, maintaining the connection between the first and second frames with transverse elements.

The first pair of expandable columns can be pivotally connected to the second frame with transverse elements at the first hinge level, and the second pair of expandable columns can be pivotally connected to the second frame with transverse elements at the second hinge level, and the distance h between the first hinge level and the second hinge level and the distance x between the first and second pairs of sliding columns determine the maximum angle of inclination θ of the second frame with transverse elements in accordance with the formula

Sin θ=distance h/distance x

A standardized center core or inner frame can be joined side by side or at the top of the next core to form a building of any configuration. Outriggers or outer frames can be positioned outside the inner frame or main member and standardized prefabricated floor panels or roof panels can be added to the structure, including either reinforcing mesh or wood floor panels that can be installed and connected to each other to create a solid foundation of the building with the correct dimensions and a rectangular shape, ready to form the upper level of the structure.

Once the structural framing and floor panels are in place, standard locally produced crossbeams, C-profiles, wall framing, utilities, etc. can be installed with the help of local contractors. Alternatively, a complete construction kit can be prepared and packaged for transport to areas where local services and materials are not available.

The hinge connection of the second frame with the cross members and the tops of the sliding columns is provided by means of a hinge, which makes it possible to form a sloping roof by extending the sliding columns to different heights. It is preferable to use a hinge at the bottom of the sliding columns, whereby the entire inner frame will need to be pivoted or rotated from the packing position to the vertical position to form the sloped roof profile.

The invention proposes a universal frame, which can be supplied in parts or assembled. Such a frame allows for a robust structure that can be easily built using or entirely from local components, which in turn can stimulate the local economy. The weight and strength of the internal frame provides a strong base capable of supporting vertical columns, and the columns can be attached to the base with screw piles or similar elements passing through the columns, which eliminates the need for special equipment to fasten the frame to the foundation.

The invention also proposes a modular building system, including a structural frame containing an inner frame as the main structural element, and the specified inner frame contains the first frame with transverse elements forming the base;

four sliding columns attached to the first frame with transverse elements;

a second cross member frame attached to the first cross member frame by four expandable columns; and an intermediate cross member frame connected to each of the four expandable columns and positioned substantially midway between the first transverse member frame and the second transverse member frame such that the first distance between the first transverse member frame and the intermediate transverse member frame is adjustable. and the second distance between the intermediate frame with cross members and the second frame with cross members is also adjustable.

The modular building system may further comprise exterior walls and a roof supported by a structural frame.

The modular building system may further comprise an outer frame containing a bottom element and a top element, as well as an intermediate element, forming a common plane;

a pair of columns, each of which is connected to the bottom element, the top element and the intermediate element, forming a peripheral frame; And

- 3 040985 a plurality of transverse beams perpendicularly intersecting the plane of the peripheral frame, and said peripheral frame is placed at a distance from the inner frame by means of a plurality of transverse beams, thereby increasing the usable volume of the structural frame.

The two columns may be retractable so that the first distance between the lower element and the intermediate element and the second distance between the intermediate element and the upper element can be adjusted.

The modular building system is based on the advanced principle of height adjustment of the inner frame, which involves the use of telescopic columns installed at least two corners of the structural frame. This allows the inner frame to be reduced to approximately half the height of an ISO standard freight container and thus allow two frames to be transported in one ISO standard freight container. This can maximize resources and reduce transport costs.

Another advantage of some embodiments of the invention is that the roof or roof structure can be fully assembled with the gutters while the inner frame is in the down position, which improves safety and facilitates assembly. Once the roof is in position, the sliding columns can be extended to raise the roof to the desired height.

The modular building system is designed for category 5 cyclones and below.

The modular building system is designed to provide ownership of design, manufacture and assembly to the customer and end user, providing economic benefits and training opportunities for staff in the delivery area. By involving the community and individuals in the delivery and construction process, a sense of pride and ownership of the product can be created that will provide not only a home, but also comfort and safety.

The Modular Building System is designed to create a more organic home buying system for local residents, where people can design their own home and size, fund their needs/quantity, and build/install their own homes/dachas. Enabling the community to participate in the design and construction process will help develop local skills, sustainable employment and career opportunities while providing a safe and cyclone-proof housing structure for the local population.

Some embodiments of the invention are directed to a transportable modular building system that can be formed from components shipped in shipping containers. In some embodiments, ISO container corner moldings may be removed and, depending on whether international shipping is required, ISO container corner moldings may not be required, for example, for locally shipped and installed units. These molded corners can interfere with the installation of additional components in the building system. In addition, ISO molded corners can block the passage of columns.

Modular building system components can be packaged for transport between a pair of end frames containing ISO molded corners. This allows packaging to be transported for both local and international shipments, however, for most local shipments, modular building system components can be shipped without a pair of end frames.

The subject of the invention is also a retractable column containing a first hollow element and a second hollow element, the second hollow element being sized to be placed in the first hollow element, which allows the column to be in a retracted position, in which the second hollow element is located essentially inside the first a hollow element, and in an extended position in which the second hollow element is substantially extended outward from the first hollow element; and an actuator for moving the second element relative to the first hollow element, wherein in the retracted position the actuator is retracted substantially within the second hollow element within the first hollow element.

Both the first hollow element and the second hollow element may comprise top and bottom parts such that when the column is in the retracted position, the top and bottom parts of the first hollow element are in contact with each other and the top and bottom parts of the second hollow element are also in contact. in contact with each other.

When the drive moves the string from the retracted position to the extended position, the top of both the first and second hollow elements may move away from the corresponding bottom of the first or second hollow element.

The drive may include an elongated element enclosed within the second hollow element when the expandable column is in its retracted position.

The above-described expandable column is characterized in that the drive may include a number of teeth or continuous threads located along the length of the drive, which interact with the drive mechanism.

As a drive mechanism, one of the elements can be used, such as a ratchet,

- 4 040985 worm gear, hoist or planetary gear that engages with the teeth or threads of the drive and moves the expandable column between retracted and extended positions.

The expandable column may also contain an additional connecting element that serves to functionally connect the drive to the drive mechanism from a primary position on the outside of the column.

The expandable column may also contain an additional connecting element that serves to functionally connect the drive to the drive mechanism from a secondary position on the outside of the column.

The expandable column may comprise a plurality of guiding elements disposed within the expandable column to direct the path of the second hollow element relative to the first hollow element and to direct the drive path relative to the second hollow element.

The invention also proposes a jack-up column for connecting the column to the foundation, containing a hollow support column;

a shaft rotatably mounted within the support column; and a cutting element fixed on the first end of the shaft, wherein the rotational movement of the shaft relative to the support column causes the cutting element to enter the foundation, resulting in the shaft and the support column connected to it being fastened to the foundation.

The cutting element can be made in the form of a round flange. The round flange can be made in the form of a spiral thread.

The shaft may have a first end facing the foundation and ending in a conical tip. The shaft may have a second end located opposite the first end and configured to interact with a drive mechanism to rotate the shaft.

The drive mechanism may be a motor used to rotate the shaft inside the support column. The drive mechanism may be a hydraulic drive used to rotate the shaft inside the support column. The drive mechanism can be made in the form of a handle for manually rotating the shaft inside the support column.

The second end of the shaft with the drive mechanism located on it can come out of the upper end of the column.

The support column may include a hatch for connecting the drive mechanism to the shaft. The cutting element may be detachable from the shaft. The size and material from which the cutting element is made is selected depending on the material of the predetermined foundation.

The jack-up column may further comprise a retainer for holding the shaft in a predetermined position relative to the column. The hollow support column may be an expandable column.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, an adjustable pile bearing is provided, comprising a load distribution element with a through hole and a substantially flat first surface;

a locking plate comprising a substantially flat second surface mounted coaxially with the load distribution member and configured such that the flat first surface of the load distribution member contacts the flat second surface of the locking plate; and a connecting element connecting the fixing plate to the pile through a hole in the load distribution element, wherein tightening the connecting element causes the fixing plate to be attracted to the pile and creates a clamping force between the fixing plate and the load distribution element in the direction along the longitudinal axis of the connecting element so that the distribution element the load can move freely relative to the piles connected to each other, the fixing plate and the connecting element along a plane passing perpendicular to the connecting element.

The movement of the load distribution element relative to the piles connected to each other, the fixing plate and the connecting element can be limited by the size of the opening in the load distribution element.

The hole can be made so as to allow movement of the load distribution element and the locking element relative to each other in the first direction on a plane perpendicularly intersecting the connecting element and to prevent movement in the second direction on a plane perpendicularly intersecting the connecting element. The aforementioned hole may have a circular shape. The adjustable pile support may further comprise a cover.

The adjustable pile support may additionally contain an anti-friction coating applied to at least one of the elements, namely the load distribution element or the fixing plate, to enable them to move freely between their first and second

- 5 040985 swarm with flat surfaces.

The invention also proposes a method for constructing a modular building, including a structural frame containing the inner frame as the main structural element; said construction method includes the steps of (a) determining the configuration of a modular building under construction;

(b) selecting a number of internal frames and external frames to provide sufficient structural support for a given building configuration under construction; and (c) accommodating and then interconnecting each outer frame with at least one inner frame via a plurality of cross beams.

The modular building system may further comprise exterior walls and a roof supported by a structural frame.

In addition, said method may further comprise at least one of the following steps: (d) casting said or each first frame with transverse members of said or each inner frame with a fluid base to form a structural floor in a modular building;

(e) attaching the roof panel to each of the at least one inner frame;

(f) extending a plurality of expandable columns located between the lower frame with transverse members and the upper frame with transverse members of each inner frame to raise the upper frame with transverse members to a predetermined height;

(g) attaching at least one outer wall to the modular building;

(h) fixing a plurality of retractable columns in the foundation of the modular building;

(i) filling each expandable column with a fluid base; and (j) inserting the reinforcing mesh into the first transverse member frame prior to introducing the fluid base during step (d).

Embodiments of the modular house system are designed to provide a quick assembly structure with a strong support structure into which additional sections can be built;

use of local labor force and local logistics; using the least possible amount of external resources or supplies; saving allocated funds in a society or region and stimulating economic growth; providing a basic design that can subsequently be expanded or to which additional elements can be added;

both provide versatility to allow for a variety of exterior wall designs and finishes;

both provide a modular building system with which end users can design and build their own buildings;

ensuring the possibility of assembly work by unqualified personnel.

The safety and advantage of a modular building system also lies in the fact that the assembly of a roof with gutters or an additional floor of the building can be carried out at a safe and convenient height, and after assembly, the upper structure can be raised to the required height using sliding columns.

The strength of the inner and outer frames contributes to dimensional stability, making the overall structure easier to assemble.

The modular building system is designed to allow the exterior walls to be used with traditional local materials such as bamboo, brick, etc.;

Delivered as a kit providing structural framing and additional components to be built by local contractors from standard parts;

using standard off-the-shelf structural components that are readily available and supplied as assembled components or from local sources;

enabling design, manufacturing and assembly to the end user, and creating a sense of pride in participating in the construction process;

use as a pre-engineered structure that meets the highest standards; and supporting the growth of a developing local economy.

The various features, aspects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which like components are identified by like reference numerals.

Brief description of the drawings

The described embodiments of the invention are given by way of example only and are in no way limiting; these embodiments are described with reference to the drawings.

- 6 040985

In FIG. 1A shows a structure according to an embodiment of the invention, in perspective view, explaining nine interchangeable blocks connected to each other by a plurality of transverse members;

in fig. 1B is a transportable kit containing elements of a modular building system for erecting the structure shown in FIG. 1A, perspective view;

in fig. 1C is a perspective view of a structure according to an embodiment of the invention explaining three interchangeable blocks connected to each other by a plurality of transverse members;

in fig. 1D is a transportable kit containing elements of a modular building system for erecting the structure shown in FIG. 1C, perspective view;

in fig. 2 is a modular building kit for creating a structure according to a possible embodiment of the invention, a schematic view;

in fig. 3A-3C are diagrams of buildings built from kits with one or two replaceable blocks or frames;

in fig. 4 is a replaceable block or frame according to a possible embodiment of the invention, perspective view;

in fig. 5 shows a kit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in a transportable configuration, detailed perspective view;

in fig. 6A is a perspective view of an end frame intended to be used in pairs to contain the elements of a kit for long distance transport;

in fig. 6B is the end frame shown in FIG. 6A, third angle projection, front view, side view, and top view;

in fig. 7A is a side view of a vertical end frame member with an ISO block welded to it to form part of the end frame;

in fig. 7B is the ISO block shown in FIG. 7A is a sectional view illustrating the welded connection between the ISO block, the end frame, and the inboard panels;

in fig. 7C - a sliding frame column with an ISO block welded to it, side view;

in fig. 7D is the ISO block shown in FIG. 7C is a sectional view illustrating the welded connection between the ISO block, the expandable column, and the inboard panels;

in fig. 8 is a frame, side view, explaining the articulation between a pair of sliding columns and a frame support frame;

in fig. 9 is a frame, side view, explaining the location of a pair of fork sockets, facilitating the movement of the assembled frame;

in fig. 10 is a two-story structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, created using a single two-story frame;

in fig. 11A is the two-story frame shown in FIG. 10, in a transportable configuration, prior to erection of the structure;

in fig. 11B is a one-height expandable frame partly forming an outer frame to increase usable area and volume occupied by the structure, perspective view;

in fig. 11C is a perspective view of a double-height expandable frame partly forming an outer frame to increase usable area and volume occupied by the structure;

in fig. 12A is a two-story structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, created using two two-story frames;

in fig. 12B is a kit for creating the structure shown in FIG. 12A is a perspective view;

in fig. 12C is a two-story structure using one two-story inner frame and a plurality of outer frames surrounding a central block, perspective view;

in fig. 12D is the construction shown in FIG. 12C is a plan view illustrating the location of the central block between the outer frames;

in fig. 13A is a two-story structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, created using a plurality of two-story frames;

in fig. 13B is a kit for creating the structure shown in FIG. 13A is a perspective view;

in fig. 14 shows the connection between the top frame of the inner frame and the C-profile cross member forming part of the outer frame supported by the inner frame, in sectional view;

in fig. 15 is a quick deploy structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention illustrating the use of expandable columns to fix and support a plurality of roof beams and roof panels to facilitate deployment of the structure;

in fig. 16 is an exemplary diagram of a 9-section, 12-section, and 15-section building constructed using a modular building system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, with each section measuring approximately 6 x 2.4 m;

in fig. 17A is a perspective view of a multi-storey structure constructed using a modular building system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 17B is the construction shown in FIG. 17A, front view, explaining 16 double-deck cars

- 7 040985 cash registers serving as a support for a plurality of transverse beams and intermediate perimetric frames;

in fig. 18A is a sectional view of an expandable column according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, illustrating the column in a fully extended state;

in fig. 18B is the expandable column shown in FIG. 18A is a sectional view illustrating the column in a fully retracted transportable configuration;

in fig. 19A is a guiding element for use inside the expandable column shown in FIG. 18A, top view;

in fig. 19B is the guide element shown in FIG. 19A, at a position inside the expandable column, is a sectional view explaining the thickened cross-section at each corner;

in fig. 19C is a diagram of an expandable column showing a guide member between the top and bottom of the expandable column;

in fig. 20A is a pair of expandable columns hinged to an upper frame with transverse framing members, a schematic end view illustrating a pair of offset rotation axes;

in fig. 20B is a pair of expandable columns shown in FIG. 20A, with the top frame rotated through an angle θ, as a result of the extension of the first columns by a distance greater than the extension distance of the second columns, a schematic end view explaining the inclination of the upper frame with cross members;

in fig. 20C shows a top frame with transverse members according to one embodiment, the cross section of which is configured to partially enclose the column to form a C-profile loop, in sectional view;

in fig. 20D is a roof hinge for angled connection of side by side second frames with transverse members forming the roof profile of a building, in perspective view;

in fig. 20E shows the roof hinge shown in FIG. 20D is a perspective view illustrating a box-section bracket for pivoting a top frame with cross members to a column;

in fig. 20F is a pair of box-section brackets used to fasten columns to a top frame with transverse members to form a mitered roof connection, enlarged schematic view;

in fig. 21A is a diagram illustrating the internals of an expandable column in transportable, partially extended, and fully extended configurations, with the column center member providing the drive mechanism for expanding the column in place;

in fig. 21B is a sectional view of the second and third parts of the column illustrating the interaction of the guide plates with the leveling plates inside the expandable column assembly;

in fig. 21C show the second and third parts of the column shown in FIG. 21B is an exploded perspective view;

in fig. 22A is an extensible column with separable external and internal parts of the column, inside which the drive mechanism is located, according to an embodiment, a sectional view;

in fig. 22B is a part of the drive mechanism located inside the column, with a plurality of teeth extending along its length, a schematic view;

in fig. 22C-22E show a drive mechanism cooperating with a handle to drive the mechanism, in various embodiments, respectively, by means of a worm gear, a ratchet, and a planetary gear;

in fig. 23A is a sectional view of a self-driving pile illustrating a rotating shaft located within a column and designed to connect the columns to the foundation on which the building is being built;

in fig. 23B shows the internals of the self-driving pile shown in FIG. 23A is a schematic exploded view illustrating a screw-in blade located near the base of the rotating shaft;

in fig. 24A is a sectional view of an adjustable pile support illustrating a transversely sliding device for connecting a pile to a structure;

in fig. 24B shows the internal components of the adjustable piling shown in FIG. 24A is a schematic exploded view illustrating the opening through which the pile and structure are connected, the opening defining the limits of lateral movement between the two components;

in fig. 25A-25H are step-by-step explanations of a method for constructing a 3-section building according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 26A-26H are step-by-step explanations of a method for constructing a 6-section building according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention using self-driving piles to secure the completed structure;

in fig. 27 is a schematic view of the entire construction process, from the receipt of a fully packaged product to the creation of a fully finished building;

in fig. 28A - use of a foundation of compacted soil for the first frame with transverse

- 8 040985 building elements;

in fig. 28B - use of a plank floor laid on the first frame with the transverse elements of the building;

in fig. 28C - use of poured concrete with reinforcing mesh to create the base for the first frame with the transverse elements of the building;

in fig. 29A is a first frame with transverse members, a sectional view explaining the struts running along the center line of the frame, the grid mounted on the strut, and the pallet for the suspended concrete floor;

in fig. 29B is a first cross member frame, sectional view illustrating a floor board installed between the guide rails of the cross member frame;

in fig. 29C is a first cross member frame, sectional view illustrating the sealing material, such as compacted or packed soil, located in the cross member frame.

The following is a more detailed description with reference to the drawings of various embodiments (but not all possible options) of the invention. The invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described below.

Embodiments of the invention

The term skeleton according to the invention is understood to mean a frame or skeleton for a modular building providing a structural framework to which additional panels and elements are attached or which act as a support.

As shown mainly in FIG. 1A and 1C, the invention provides a modular building system 100 comprising a structural frame 80 that includes an inner frame 10 serving as the primary structural member, the inner frame 10 comprising a first cross member frame 12 forming a base;

at least two sliding columns 50; and a second frame 14 with transverse elements connected to the first frame 12 with transverse elements by at least two sliding columns 50 so that at least one of the parameters, namely the distance and angle θ between the first frame 12 with transverse elements and the second frame 14 with cross members are adjustable.

In some embodiments, the modular building system further comprises a roof supported by a structural frame 80. In some embodiments, the structural frame 80 is adjustable so that the roof can be formed from the top of the structural frame 80. In some embodiments, the modular building system further comprises exterior walls. In some embodiments, the implementation of the structural frame 80 may be surrounded by mesh material or mosquito nets.

Although the invention has been described in relation to the residential modular building system 100, it is also understood that it can be applied to other types of buildings and structures, such as warehouses, shelters, storage facilities, schools, hospitals, garages, shops, etc. d.

The components required to build the structures 100 are selected from a range of generic pieces that can be inserted/stacked for ease of transportation to a remote construction site, as shown in FIG. 1B and 1D. All fabricated components are of standard dimensions to allow for the principle of building from modules in various combinations, which provides maximum flexibility in terms of size, cost and configuration of the structure under construction.

In addition to the inner frame 10, the system also includes an outer frame 30 comprising a bottom member 34 and an upper member 32 defining a plane P;

a pair of columns 50, each of which is connected to both the lower element 34 and the upper element 32, forming a peripheral frame 40; and a plurality of transverse beams 38 perpendicularly intersecting the plane P of the peripheral frame 40, said peripheral frame 40 being located at a distance from the inner frame 10 by means of a plurality of transverse beams 38, thereby increasing the usable volume of the structural frame 80.

The pair of columns 50 of the outer frame 30 need not be retractable, but may be columns 57 of constant height depending on the format of the structure 100 under construction (see FIG. 25F).

The required kit 90 for building a structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 2, schematic view. In the exemplary embodiment, the kit 90 includes one inner frame 10 comprising a lower frame 12 with transverse members as the base and an upper frame 14 with transverse members as the top structure, as well as four expandable columns 50. The kit 90 also includes a pair of peripheral frames 40, at least one reinforcing mesh 18 and a plurality of roof elements 60. Once completed, kit 90 can be used to construct the building shown in FIG. 3A.

By adding an additional reinforcing mesh 18 and/or an additional bottom frame 12 with cross members and/or several cross beams 38 and an additional peripheral frame 40, this kit can be converted into a kit for building the 4-section building shown in FIG. 3B.

The addition of additional roof members 60, cross beams 38 and/or bottom frame 12 with cross members, as well as additional peripheral frames 40, will make it possible to use the outer frame 30 for the construction of the 5-section building shown in FIG. 3C.

Each of the circuits shown in Fig. 3A-3C also corresponds to the schemes of 9-section, 12-section and 15-section buildings, respectively, in which, instead of one internal frame 10, two such frames are used, connected by several transverse beams 38, thus increasing three times the usable area occupied by the building. .

Stiffness core - internal or external frame 10.

In FIG. 4 shows the main structure used as the inner frame 10. The inner frame 10 comprises a base or first frame 12 with cross members, an upper or second frame 14 with cross members, and four expandable columns 50 located at the four corners of the first frame 12 with cross members.

In FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a kit 90 in which the inner frame 10 and a plurality of additional first and second cross member frames 12, 14 are configured in a transportable configuration. At opposite ends of the kit 90 there are two end frames 20 designed to fix the kit during transportation. The set 90, when fixed for transport, has the same overall dimensions as a standard ISO freight container, which is done to facilitate loading and unloading operations.

Once the columns 50 are in place and locked in position to provide strength, the inner frame 10 can support the structure 100. Fluid substrates such as concrete can be poured into the hollow expandable columns 50 to increase their load-bearing capacity.

For strength, structure 100 is supported by columns 50 and not by any wall cladding or panels that may be attached to the structure to create internal cavities.

The kit 90 can be made in a substantially fully assembled form, as well as in a completely disassembled packaged form, held together for transportation using two end frames 20.

Kit 90 may also include portal frames (not shown) that may be positioned within structure 100 to function as support legs. These posts can be connected to each other to provide additional strength to the structure 100.

The wall thickness of the cross member frames 12, 14 can vary throughout the frame and along the length of the frame to create areas of increased stiffness in each frame.

In some embodiments, columns 50 are provided with caps that are installed after the structure has been raised to the desired height; these column caps can provide additional structural strength to the finished structure 100.

The base is the first frame 12 with transverse elements.

The base of the frame 10 is a first frame 12 with transverse members made of steel profiles of approximately 100x50 mm in the form of beams 13 with a C-profile of 5 mm gauge.

To increase rigidity, a plurality of stiffeners, shown as struts 5, extend across frame 12. In some embodiments, braces 5 extend across the major axis of frame 12 (see FIG. 4). However, the struts 5 may also extend across the minor axis of the frame 12. The braces 5 may be evenly spaced along the length of the frame 12, or may be spaced at varying distances from each other so that the struts 5 are closer together in areas of higher load, such as next to lifting points or fork sockets 3. In some embodiments, the implementation of the spacers 5 can be made in the form of box profiles. In some embodiments, the spacers 5 are in the form of plates extending across the frames 12 and 14.

Steel reinforcing bars are connected to each other to form a reinforcing mesh 18 in order to increase strength. The mesh comprises an outer frame 19 and is configured to be inserted into the first frame 10 with transverse members to receive a high flow concrete mix. After the concrete has set, the reinforcing mesh 18 and frame 19 are bonded to the concrete to form a secure, durable floor 92 of structure 100 (see FIG. 28C).

A floor beam may be used in frame 10 to support sheet floor 92 (see FIG. 28B). Alternatively, the C-beams 13 of the first transverse member frame 12 may be oriented inward to provide support for the reinforcement mesh 18 and formwork in which the concrete mixture can set.

Each column 50 can be welded in position at each corner of the first frame 12 with transverse members. Alternatively, the connections can be formed using couplings included

- 10 040985 in kit 90.

Packed frame floor panels with reinforcing mesh 18 and frame 19 can also be included in the kit either assembled or disassembled for assembly on site.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the first frame with transverse structural elements 100 may be filled with compacted or compacted soil to create the base of the structure 100 (see Fig. 28A and 29C).

In some embodiments of the first frame 12 with transverse members, the mesh 18 is welded or bolted directly within the beams 13 of the frame 12 without a separate outer frame 19 (see FIGS. 25A-25H). Mesh 18 is completely covered with concrete mix introduced into frame 12. Mesh 18 can also be attached to spacers 5 along frame 12.

In some embodiments that use a floor without intermediate supports, such as timber or boards 93, a series of top caps 94 or box profiles can be inserted into the frame 12 to support the boards 93 and set the level for laying the timber (see Fig. 29A-29C). Prior to pouring the concrete mixture, the reinforcement mesh 18 may be supported by top caps 94 or box profiles.

Under the spacers 5 in the frame 12 may be installed pallet 95 to create a base for the frame 12 and limit the movement of the liquid concrete introduced into the frame 12 with cross members. The pallet 95 may rest on the open portion of the beams 13 forming the frame 12 (see FIG. 29A).

Beams 13 are provided with a plurality of fixing bolt holes 87 for attaching reinforcement to frame 12 or for attaching the next frame 12' to first frame 12. Intended reinforcement includes brick corners, wall fixtures, mosquito nets, shackles, paneling, fork nests, etc., but not limited to the above items.

Columns 50.

The lower or first part 51 of the column is a structural element that rigidly connects the first frame 12 with transverse elements to the sliding column 50 (see Fig. 8).

Columns 50 can be packaged loose in kit 90 and can be installed on site. The columns 50 may be lifted using lifting devices or fixtures at the construction site. In some embodiments, selected columns 50 may be removed after construction of structure 100 is completed to create open spaces in structure 100.

The columns connecting to the first and second cross member frames 12, 14 may be fixed columns 57 or expandable columns 50. In addition, any of the columns 50, 57 may be hollow sectioned to allow the columns 50, 57 to be filled with concrete. mixture to create additional structural support after assembly and attachment to the finished structure 100. Other embodiments of the columns 50, 57 will be discussed below with reference to FIGS. 18-23.

The upper part is the second frame 14 with transverse elements.

The second frame 14 with transverse members is intended to stiffen the structure 100 upon completion of construction or when transported as a kit 90.

The second frames 14 with cross members are lightweight so that they can be lifted and set manually.

The second frames 14 with transverse members are not designed to provide the same structural strength as that provided by the first frames 12. The second frames 14 with transverse members are intended to be connected to the support beam and the transverse beams 38 with a C-shaped profile mounted on the second frames 14 with transverse elements in order to create the necessary support for the elements 60 and roof panels 61 (see Fig. 15).

The second frame 14 with transverse elements is designed to be easily installed and provide support for the inner frame 10.

The provision of fork pockets 3 extending under the first transverse frame 12 rather than through it avoids the weakening of the frames 12 by said fork pockets and allows the use of material with a caliber of about 100 mm. This is demonstrated with FIG. 9.

As also shown in FIG. 9, the structure includes a series of shipping bolts 85 extending through frames 12 and 18 to secure these frames to each other during shipping.

The second cross member frame 14 is lightweight and the span strength of each can be improved by introducing C-purlins into the frame structure to support the roof frame (assuming 100x50 mm box profiles).

After the second cross member frame 14 has been raised to the desired height, column caps (not shown) can be attached to the column 50 to close the columns and provide additional structural strength to the completed structure 100.

The designs described in this document have been created for the maximum length of elements that can be transported in a standard ISO freight container and using the 200C15 C-profile for calculations, however it should be noted that dimensions are subject to change due to

- 11 040985 depending on specific design features. It is possible to standardize dimensions and change thicknesses for different applications, thereby reducing the number of possible part variations.

For beams 13 with a C-shaped floor and roof profile, a system of dimensions can be developed that will provide the maximum possible spans. For example, in engineering segments, 150С15 can be indicated for spans up to 2.4 m long, 200С15 for spans up to 4.6 m, etc.

The roof panels 61 may be in the form of sandwich roof panels laid over the top frame 14. These panels are lightweight and can be installed quickly.

The gable beam 25 must be specially made so that the connecting elements can be attached to it.

The rafters 27 may rest on the gable 25. In some embodiments, the implementation of the gable beams 25 are double-sided for the purpose of attaching the rafters 27 on both sides.

End frame 20.

In FIG. 6A is a perspective view of an end frame 20 designed to be used in pairs to contain the elements of a kit 90 for long distance shipping.

In FIG. 6B shows the end frame 20 shown in FIG. 6A is a third angle projection, front view, side view, and top view.

When the end frame 20 is no longer needed for shipping or packaging, it can be used alone or in conjunction with columns 50 to create additional structural elements for the completed structure 100.

Standard frames 12, 14 with transverse members sized to fit inside the end frame 20 may be placed in an ISO standard shipping container for transport.

In FIG. 7A, in side view, shows the vertical beam 22 of the end frame 20 with an ISO block 6 welded thereto to form part of the end frame.

In FIG. 7B is a sectional view of the ISO block 6 shown in FIG. 7A illustrating the weld 7 connecting the ISO block 6 to the beam 22 of the end frame 20 for supporting the panels placed inside the ISO block.

The L-shaped cross-section of the beam 22 can grip structural panels (cross member frames 12, 14, roof members 60, peripheral frame 40, etc.) and hold them in position. Upon arrival of the kit 90 at its final destination, the end frames 20 can be removed and used for other purposes. In addition, the end frames 20 can be made with telescoping beams 22 that extend and can be built into the building 100 as structural elements used for a variety of functions, such as frames for water tanks; spacer blocks; door frames; floor and roof supports.

In some embodiments, the kit 90 may be formed by welding or otherwise attaching the sliding frame columns 50 directly to the ISO blocks 6 to allow packaging of structural panels (frames 12, 14 with transverse elements, roof elements 60, peripheral frame) in them. 40 etc.) and external non-structural panels as shown in FIG. 7C and 7D.

With the cross member frame holes 12, 14, it is also contemplated that the cross member frame packs can be bolted together using flat plates or angle brackets if there is no need to use ISO blocks for regional shipping.

Hinged columns.

In some embodiments, the expandable columns 50 are pivotally connected to the first cross member frame 12 by a hinge 42 allowing the column to rotate between a transport position in which it is parallel to the first cross member frame 12 and an operating position in which the column 50 is positioned along the essentially perpendicular to the first frame 12 with transverse elements. In the transport position, the columns 50 (denoted as columns 50) can be rotated (as indicated by arrows) into a position to allow a second cross member frame 14 to be placed on the top end of each column 50, as shown in FIG. 8.

The main problem solved in this case is the simultaneous transportation of the same number of structural elements with the provision of quick assembly, carried out by low-skilled personnel.

The first and second cross member frames 12, 14 are of the same size (at least in area, if not depth), and four columns 50 are fixed at each corner of the first cross member frame 12. In this way, the folded columns 50 can be easily inserted into the inner frame 10 during transport of the kit 90.

The columns 50 can be packaged separately or pre-hinged 42 to the roof frame for

- 12 040985 turning and vertical positioning on site. Each of the two end frames 20 contains four beams 22 and four corner pieces shown in FIG. 6A as ISO blocks 6. Beams 22 and ISO blocks 6 may be connected to each other by welding or bolting or a combination of welding and bolting.

Peripheral frame 40 and outer or outer frame 30 (one-story).

The peripheral frame 40 consists of a bottom member 34 and a top member 32, the opposite ends of which are connected by two sliding columns 50. The peripheral frame 40 may be provided with crossbeams 38 to form an outer frame 30. The outer frame 30 is supported by at least one inner frame. 10, wherein an outer frame 30 can be used to connect two inner frames 10 to increase the footprint of the structure 100. An embodiment of the peripheral frame 40 is shown in FIG. 11V.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the peripheral frame 40 can also be used to replace the elements 60 of the roof.

Two-story frame 11.

In some embodiments of the invention, there is a two-story structure created using a two-story sliding inner frame 11. As shown in FIG. 10, the two-story inner frame 11 comprises a first cross member frame 12, a second cross member frame 14 and an intermediate cross member frame 16 disposed between said first and second frames. These three cross member frames are connected to each other by eight extendable columns 50 each fixed to a corner of the intermediate cross member frame 16 . Alternatively, these three frames 12, 14, 16 with transverse elements can be connected to each other by fixed columns 57.

Sliding peripheral frame 41 (two-story).

The peripheral frame 40 can be made in the form of a sliding peripheral frame 41 for installing a two-story frame 11 inside it. a pair of sliding columns 50 (see Fig. 10 and 11A-11C). The peripheral frame 41 may be formed with cross beams 38 to form an outer frame 30. The outer frame 30 is connected to the inner frame 11 at three different levels, namely the first level, the intermediate level and the second level. Thus, this intermediate frame with transverse members provides a second level floor for the structure, and the second frame with transverse members forms the upper part of the structure 100 prior to the installation of the roof elements 60 or roof panels 61.

The outer frame 30 is supported by at least one inner frame 11, wherein the outer frame 30 can be used to connect two inner two-story frames 11 to increase the area occupied by the structure 100. An embodiment of the peripheral frame 41 is shown in FIG. 11C.

In some embodiments, the peripheral frame 41 may also be used to form the roof frame 60.

In FIG. 12 and 13 show alternative embodiments of a two-story structure 100 formed from a plurality of sets 90.

In FIG. 12C and 12D show a two-story structure 100 according to one of the possible embodiments, containing one two-story inner frame 11, around which six outer frames 30 are mounted.

In FIG. 13A and 13B show a two-story structure 100 according to one exemplary embodiment, comprising four two-story inner frames 11 supporting twelve outer frames 30. The inner frames 11 are not positioned at the center of the structure 100 as shown in FIG. 12C and 12D, but on its periphery. In the considered embodiment, the useful area of the structure 100 when using four internal frames 11 is 28.8x18 m.

Cross beams 38.

The system is configured to use interchangeable standard parts. This is provided, for example, by the following.

Runs 15 and truss rails 27, which have a design tolerance that makes it possible to install them in different places of the inner and outer frames 10, 30, are connected to each other by transverse beams 38.

All components can be pre-drilled to allow fixing in many places and applications, as well as a variety of functions (floor beams, rafters and roof battens).

Overall design, dimensions and configuration are defined by standard dimensions to ensure regional availability of materials.

- 13 040985

Channels with parallel flange edges of the container frame are folded in such a way as to have standard rolled sections, which can, for example, fit inside floor beams or rafters.

The location of the mounting holes in each component is chosen so that, for example, the centers of the holes with a diameter of 450 mm coincide with the centers of the holes of 450 mm in the floor beams and the distance between the roof rafters is 900 mm.

Configurations and prefabricated structures 100.

In FIG. 16 shows an exemplary diagram of a 9-section, 12-section, and 15-section buildings constructed using a modular building system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, each section measuring approximately 6 x 2.4 m.

The use of this modular building system makes it possible to obtain many standard construction formats.

Four examples of design formats are shown in FIG. 15 and 16.

3-section panel building designed for rapid deployment and installation with the ability to withstand category 5 cyclones (see Fig. 16).

5-section panel building, providing an increase in building area compared to the 3-section format.

9-section cultural and sports center, which, if necessary, can also be used as a warehouse or hospital.

12-section and 15-section cultural and sports centers, which, if necessary, can also be used as warehouses or hospitals.

In FIG. 16 shows possible floor plans and changes in the layout of the building with individual sections indicated for reference. In connection with the main structure 100, additional modules are shown forming a modular bathroom unit 78.

In FIG. 16 shows a peripheral frame 40 at each end of the structure with an insert therebetween.

The required layout of rooms and walls can be increased in size with a grid to increase the number of sections available.

multi-storey system.

According to one aspect of the invention, a modular building system is provided, comprising a structural frame 80 and external walls and a roof supported by a structural frame 80, said structural frame 80 comprising an inner frame 11 as the main structural element, and the inner frame 11 comprising a first frame 12 with transverse elements that form the base;

four sliding columns 50 attached to the first frame with cross members;

a second cross member frame 14 connected to the first cross member frame by four expandable columns 50; and an intermediate frame 16 with transverse elements connected to each of these four sliding columns 50 and located essentially in the middle between the first frame 12 with transverse elements and the second frame 14 with transverse elements so that the first distance between the first frame 12 with transverse elements and the intermediate the cross member frame 16 is adjustable, and the second distance between the intermediate cross member frame 16 and the second cross member frame 14 is also adjustable.

An embodiment of a modular building system used to construct a multi-storey building is shown in FIG. 17A (perspective view) and FIG. 17B (front view).

The multi-story structure 100 is supported by a structural frame 80 containing a plurality of two-story frames 11 interconnected by a plurality of expandable end frames 41 and a plurality of transverse beams 38, with an additional level subsequently installed on them, containing a plurality of two-story frames 11 interconnected by a plurality of expandable end frames. frames 41 and a plurality of cross beams 38.

System of folding two-story blocks.

A two-story structure was developed using the system in 2-3-story residential structures 100. The 2-story nature of such structures does not require the use of two roofs and floors, and therefore a 3-panel 2-story frame was developed. Two-story structures are commonly used in residential structures with advanced design aimed at upgrading the system for commercial applications.

When using one two-story frame 11 with a double-sided frame 41 and a standard reinforcing mesh 18 of the floor, the resulting useful area of the structure 100 is 176 m ² . When using two two-story frames 11 and four peripheral frames 41, the effective area of the building 100 is 480 m ² .

The study of double-rise/double-deck structures using end frames and intermediate supports and cross beams 38 will expand the portfolio of existing structures 100 in which the two-rise structure system can be used.

- 14 040985

Connecting the inner frame to the outer frame.

It is assumed that in almost any of the components of the modular building system (for example, in the first or second frames 12, 14 with cross members, in sliding columns 50, cross beams 38, roof elements 60, C-purlins 15, peripheral frames 40, 41 etc.) a plurality of holes may be cut, punched or otherwise formed. These holes in steel components can be half-cut for insertion into holes in other components to lock them in position. Undercut systems may also be used to connect and hold system components together. It is also contemplated that some elements of the system may have recesses or protrusions with which additional elements of the building system can be installed or attached.

It is also contemplated that some components of the system may be provided with self-locking members, such as a spring-loaded bolt or latch design, for the purpose of securing the structural members without having to deliver the bolts to the job site.

Wall systems.

External wall panels (not shown) are attached to the structural frame 80 of structure 100. The outer wall panels are attached to the structural frame 80 by various designs of connectors built into the inner frame 10 and the outer frame 30. Grooves, slots, holes, protrusions, recesses, cutouts, and the like can be used as the above-mentioned connectors. for fastening mosquito nets, protective gratings, plywood, canvas, chipboard, fiberboard, paneling, etc.

The user can clad the structure 100 with a wide variety of materials, which can then be reinforced with adobe bricks or, alternatively, with more durable materials such as brick, AAC, lumber, or other forms of cladding.

Roof or batten fastening.

Emergency panels can be supplied complete with panels and fixings. This enables rapid application in the event of an emergency or need for emergency use, as well as in emerging economies where resources are limited.

Emerging economies may also adopt a building system that uses local materials such as thatched roofs, corrugated iron, bamboo, or any other available natural resource.

Sloped roof structure.

According to one aspect, a modular building system is provided, comprising a structural frame 80 and external walls and a roof supported by a structural frame 80, said structural frame 80 comprising an inner frame 10 as the main structural element, and the inner frame 10 comprising a first frame 12 with transverse members. , forming the base;

two pairs of sliding columns 50; and a second cross member frame 14 connected to the first frame 12 by two pairs of expandable columns such that both the distance and the angle θ between the first transverse member frame 12 and the second transverse member frame 14 are adjustable.

When parallel columns 50 are used, it is not possible to form a sloped top frame 14 without deforming the columns 50 and deviating from parallel because forming the roof slope requires a hypotenuse and an angle greater than that of a horizontal flat surface. This typically results in the columns 50 tilting and contracting. In order to allow the aforementioned hypotenuse to form, the structure utilizes offset hinges with a selection of pivot points to provide multiple hypotenuses or possible roof pitch angles.

In FIG. 20A is a pair of expandable columns hinged to an upper frame with transverse framing members, a schematic end view illustrating a pair of offset rotation axes. The pair of offset axles form a first hinge 44 and a second hinge 46. The hinge 44 is located higher than the hinge 46, forming an offset height h between them. The columns 50 are spaced x apart. Thus, the maximum angle of inclination θ of the upper frame 14 with cross members is given by

Sin θ=h/x

In FIG. 20B, in a schematic end view, the expandable columns shown in FIG. 20A with the top frame rotated through an angle θ as a result of the extension of the first column to a distance greater than the extension distance of the second column, whereby the upper frame with the cross members is mounted at an angle.

The hinges 44, 46 form a loop 48 between the columns 50 and the second frame 14 with transverse members. When transporting the set 90, the loop 48 must be included in the column 50; in addition, it must ensure the strength of the structure.

- 15 040985

The hinge 48 is configured to move the pivot points 44, 46 through various angles θ.

In the upper part of the column 50 there are fixing points where the hinges can be fixed with bolts with different angles of inclination θ. The hinge 48 can be mounted and locked in a transport position by means of a shipping hole 81. Subsequently, the hinge 48 can be released to raise the second frame of the structure 100 to the desired height. The locking mechanism (see FIG. 20B) includes a set of locking bolt holes 87 extending through the column 50 that can be aligned with components of the second cross member frame 14 or loop 48 to receive a bolt or locking pin.

Each of the columns 50 may be provided with butt/groove/keyway members to allow connection to the locking mechanism during transport.

In FIG. 20C, a sectional view of an exemplary top frame 14 with transverse members, the cross section of which is configured to partially encircle the column 50 to form a C-profile loop 83 allowing the upper frame with transverse members to pivot relative to the column. 50.

In FIG. 20D is a perspective view of a roof hinge providing an angled connection around the hinge 46 of adjacent transverse member second frames 14, 14' forming the roof profile of the completed structure 100. The angled connection is provided by a brace 79 with box section, mounted on the upper end of the second part 52 of the column.

The fixing bolt hole 87 is not used in the hinge 48, and the pivot point is formed at the location of the bolt hole 46.

The box-section bracket 79 includes a plurality of mounting holes that can be used to create pivot points in the connection of the bracket 79 to the column, as well as to fix (with bolts 85) the bracket 79 in the desired position relative to the column 50.

The depth of the box brackets 79 is on the order of 100-200 mm, and the fixing bolt holes are spaced about 100 mm apart. This allows the brace 79 to be attached to the column using the first or second pair of holes 87. This provides an additional 100mm of height between two adjacent columns to accommodate one column extended higher than the other. Alternatively, the top columns 52 can be set at the same height and a box section brace 79 can be used to create a loop for the cross member top frame 14 as shown in FIG. 20F.

The box-section bracket 79 is attached to the top cross member frame 14 by a plate bracket 49. The bracket 49 is also used to attach the first (lower) portion 51 of the column 50 to the first cross member frame 12 (shown schematically in FIG. 21A). Brackets 49 and 79 can be welded or bolted to column 50 or to frames 12, 14.

Extendable column.

In FIG. 18A is a sectional view of the expandable column illustrating the column in its fully extended state. In FIG. 18B shows the expandable column shown in FIG. 18A is a sectional view illustrating the column in a fully retracted configuration for transport.

The column 50 contains three components, namely, the first part 51, the second part 52 and the third part 53. The first part 51 has the largest cross section to accommodate the second part 52 and the third part 53 in the retracted position. Column 50 shown in FIG. 18A and B has ISO blocks 6 welded to its opposite ends.

The guide element, shown as a nylon guide 55, is shown in FIG. 19A-19C. The first guide 55 is located between the first part 51 and the second part 52, and the second guide 55 is located between the second part 52 and the third part 53. The guide 55 guides the movement of the parts of the column 50 relative to each other. The guide 55 also serves as a spacer between them. The guide 55 may include thickened corner regions that may help prevent portions of the column 50 from tipping over when they are in the fully extended position, as shown in FIG. 19C.

In FIG. 20 shows the interior of an expandable column in transportable, partially extended, and fully extended configurations, in which the third or center member 53 of column 50 serves as an actuator 56 to expand column 50 in place.

Both the first 51 and the second 52 column parts can be divided into lower parts 51a, 52a and upper parts 51b, 52b, respectively.

When the column is in the fully retracted position, the lower part 51a and the upper part 51b of the first part 51 are connected to each other and completely cover the second part 52 and the third part 53 inside the first part 51.

When the column is in the fully retracted position, the lower part 52a and the upper part 52b of the second part 52 are connected to each other and completely cover the third part 53 inside the second part.

- 16 040985

52, inside the first part 51.

Self-elevating column.

According to one aspect of the invention, an expandable column 50 is provided, comprising a first hollow element 51 and a second hollow element 52, the second hollow element 52 being sized to fit within the first hollow element 51, which allows the column 50 to be in a retracted position in which the second hollow element 52 is positioned substantially within the first hollow element 51, and in an expanded position in which the second hollow element 52 is substantially extended outward from the first hollow element 51; and an actuator 53 for driving the second element 52 relative to the first hollow element 51, wherein in the retracted position the actuator is retracted substantially completely within the second hollow element within the first hollow element.

Column 50 may contain two or more elements, and in FIG. 22A, 22B show a column 50 comprising three parts, the third or central part 53 of which is in the form of a column. Rack 53 contains a receiving means/slots/teeth/rack 56 for a gear or sprocket (as shown schematically in Fig. 22C-22E).

The base of the first column part 51 has a hole for inserting a locking bolt 85 into it. This prevents the second and third parts 52, 53 from falling out through the end of the hollow first part in the retracted position. The second and third column parts can be provided with slots in their respective bases so that all three column parts can be seated on the fixing bolt 85 when the column is not in the extended, working condition.

In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 58 is mounted at least partially within the column 50 such that a handle 59 can be inserted from outside the column 50 into said drive mechanism 58 to bring the column 50 into a retracted or extended state. Preferably, the column 50 includes more than one insertion point for the handle 59 so that the handle 59 can be repositioned or connected to different parts of the drive mechanism 58.

Alternatively, an external lifting system can be connected to the column 50 through a viewing hole/access window, which allows the gear train (ratchet, worm drive, planetary gear) to be engaged with the rack 56 of the third part 53.

The rise of the column 50 can be carried out from the bottom 51 or top 52 of the column using the third, the central part 53, as a lifting or lowering device.

Alternatively, the completed or partially completed structure 100 may be lifted using columns, levers, pulleys, cranes, and the like.

The column 50 in the preferred embodiments does not require welding and can be extended to the desired height using a minimum number of tools. After rising to the required height, the holes in the first, second and third parts 51, 52, 53 of the column 50 are aligned with each other so that the locking bolts can be inserted to hold the column 50 in the extended position. The same bolts can be used to secure column 50 in a retracted, transportable position within kit 90.

The mounting plate 49 at the base of the column 50 is shown schematically in FIG. 21A. The plate 49 is used to attach the column 50 to the first frame 12 with transverse elements or the second frame 14 with transverse elements. The bracket 49 is made in the form of a steel plate that can be welded or bolted into an adjacent frame structure 10, 30.

In FIG. 21B, in sectional view, the second column part 52 is nested within the third column part 53.

The shaded areas show the portions of the third part 53 of the column 50 in which the four welded plates are located. On opposite sides of the inside of the column 53 are two leveling plates 8a, 8c. These leveling plates 8a, 8c are fixed to the upper portion of the column part 53, and each of them contains holes for inserting fixing bolts to hold the column 50 in an extended position. When the second column part 52 extends upwardly outward from the third column part 53, the leveling plates 8a, 8c are attracted to the respective two leveling plates 8b, 8d attached to the lower portion outside the second column part 52. The respective pairs of plates 8a, 8b and 8c, 8d cannot pass each other and, when in contact with each other, create an abutment so that the part 52 of the column 50 cannot completely withdraw from the part 53 of the column.

At the point of contact between the plates 8a, 8b and 8c, 8d, the fixing bolt holes between the second and third column parts 52, 53 are also aligned with each other, and a fixing bolt 85 (shown in phantom in Fig. 21B) can be inserted into them. A similar structure, although not shown, exists between the first column part 51 and the third column part 53 (only the leveling plate 8e is shown in FIG. 21C).

The column portions 51, 52, 53 may be made of bar, and therefore a weld 45 is formed along the length of each column portion. Since FIG. 21B is a schematic view, column portions 52 and 53 are not to scale. In reality, welds 45 may protrude with

- 17 040985 inner and/or outer side of the column part and make the column parts cling to each other. This can make it difficult to expand the string 50. To prevent or at least reduce this sticking effect, guide plates have been inserted on opposite sides of each weld 45.

One guide plate 9a is fixed on the first outer side of the column part 53, and another guide plate 9c is fixed on the opposite outer side of the column part 53. Corresponding guide plates 9b, 9c are also located on the inner sides of the third column part 53. Like the leveling plates 8a-8d, respective guide plates 9a, 9b and 9c, 9d are located at opposite ends of the second and third column parts 52, 53 to form guide elements on opposite sides of the welds 45.

In addition to leveling and reducing the effect of sticking, the combination of guide plates 9a-9d and leveling plates 9a-9d also reduces backlash in the expanded column 50, making it rigid and keeping the column straight. The location of the respective plates 8, 9 at opposite ends of the two connected to each other parts 52, 53 of the column also helps to reduce the total displacement of the extended column in the longitudinal direction.

A similar construction of the guide plates 9a-9d, although not shown, is provided between the first column part 51 and the third column part 53 (only the guide plate 9e is shown in FIG. 21C).

Pile with screw tip.

According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a jack-up column 50 for connecting a column to a foundation, comprising: a hollow support column 50;

a shaft 62 rotatably mounted inside the support column 50; and a cutting element 66 configured to engage at the first end of the shaft 62, wherein the rotational movement of the shaft 62 relative to the support column 50 causes the cutting element 66 to enter the foundation 73, resulting in the attraction of the shaft 62 and the attached support column 50 to the foundation 73.

In FIG. 23A is a sectional view of a self-driving pile illustrating a rotating shaft located within the column to assist in anchoring the columns to the foundation to which the structure is attached.

The screw pile can be inserted inside the column 50; the column 50 is used as a sleeve or guide for the installation of the pile 62. A gear mechanism may be built into the column 50 to screw and thereby insert the pile 62, screwing it into the foundation to a predetermined depth.

The pile 62 is actually a rotating shaft that can be inserted into the central cavity of the column 55, while the cutting element, such as a helical blade 66, can be attached to the bottom 62a of the shaft 62 at the base of the frame 10. The shaft 62 may include a hole 68 under a bolt for attaching the helical blade 66 to the shaft 62. The shaft 62 may extend upward from the column 50 where it may be driven manually by a lever or by mechanical means such as a hydraulic motor, an electric motor, or some other mechanism. At the top of the shaft 62, a connecting hole 68b may be provided to receive the driving means.

In FIG. 23B shows the internals of the self-driving pile shown in FIG. 23A is a schematic exploded view illustrating the helical blade 66 located adjacent to the base 64 of the rotating shaft 62. The base 64 facilitates the correct positioning of the pile 62 on the foundation to start screwing the shaft 62 into the foundation and prevents the shaft 62 from sliding on the hard surface of the foundation, until a pivot point is found.

Earthquake resistant design.

According to one aspect of the invention, an adjustable pile support 70 is provided, comprising a load distribution element 74 with a through hole 72 and a substantially flat first surface;

a locking plate 75 having a substantially flat second surface mounted coaxially with the load distribution member 74 and configured such that the flat first surface of the load distribution member contacts the flat second surface of the locking plate; and a connecting element 76 connecting the fixing plate 75 to the pile 62 through the hole 72 in the load distribution element 74, and tightening the connecting element 76 draws the fixing plate 75 to the pile 62 and creates a clamping force between the fixing plate 75 and the load distribution element 74 in the longitudinal direction the axis of the connecting element 76 so that the element 74 of the distribution of the load is able to move freely relative to the connected piles 72, fixing plate 75 and the connecting element 76 on a plane passing perpendicular to the connecting element 76.

- 18 040985

When building a structural safety oriented building system, the locations of many objects will present a hazard associated with natural disasters such as storms, floods, gusts of wind, etc., including earthquakes, and often such locations can include several of the aforementioned adverse factors. For this reason, the building system according to the invention takes into account as many of these risks as possible.

The studs and piles are essential to resist both up and down loads and provide a rigid and strong foundation for structure 100. In an earthquake, the earth moves and part of the amount of ground movement will depend on the intensity of the earthquake as well as the slippage of the ground. due to landslides and liquefaction of the earth's surface.

The movement of the earth is generally not limited to only one direction, and the displacement will be up and down in the vertical axis and in the transverse direction. As a result of such transverse movement, shear of piles and posts can occur if they are not designed for such loads.

One solution to allow for horizontal movement is to decouple structure 100 from the ground with a membrane or smooth surface to allow the posts/piles to move horizontally. Due to this horizontal displacement, seismic shifts can occur under the building structure, allowing the building to remain in a generally static position and reducing the resulting damage to the structure.

By connecting the structure 100 to the studs/piles in the vertical direction and providing plates connected with holes to allow movement in the horizontal direction, some protection can be obtained to reduce the negative effects of ground movement during earthquakes. The size of the opening allowing such horizontal movement can be larger or smaller, and correspond to the intensity of the expected earthquakes and the direction of the shock waves (for example, an earthquake can cause ground vibrations in a certain place with a displacement of up to 200 mm).

In FIG. 24A is an adjustable pile support, sectional view illustrating the transversely sliding device for connecting the pile to the structure. In FIG. 24B shows the internal components of the adjustable piling shown in FIG. 24A is a schematic exploded view illustrating the opening through which the pile and structure are connected and which defines the limits of relative lateral movement between the two components.

So, in FIG. 24A shows an adjustable pile support 70 in which

1) pile 62 contains a connection point 71 located at the very top of the pile, i.e. after the pile 62 has been embedded in the foundation 73, the top of the pile 62 will be accessible;

2) the load distribution plate 74, which can optionally be connected to the foundation if desired, has a hole 72 in the center which allows the plate to move;

3) the fixing plate 75 is located above the hole 72 of the load distribution plate and is connected to the pile 62 by a connecting element such as a bolt 76 or the like;

4) the top cover 77, which allows the underlying fixing plate 75 to move freely, can be made as a rigid element with either a cavity or foam to allow movement;

5) the load distribution plate 74 can be connected to the building structure 100 located above it by means of the locking plate 75 fixed therein to form an integrated assembly;

6) a plurality of load distribution plates 74 may be combined in a laminated configuration (not shown) to allow for additional movement and/or optimized movement in multiple directions.

The dimensions of the hole 72 (shown as a circular hole, but other shapes are possible) will limit the amount of lateral movement that the support 70 can withstand before the connection between structure 100 and pile 62 fails. In some embodiments (not shown), the hole 72 may be shaped and sized to allow and restrict movement in predetermined directions.

Construction method.

According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for constructing a modular building 100 including a structural frame 80 comprising an inner frame 10 as a primary structural element, said method of construction comprising: (a) determining the configuration of the modular building under construction;

(b) selecting an appropriate number of inner frames 10 and outer frames 30 to provide sufficient structural support for a given building configuration under construction; and (c) installing and then interconnecting each outer frame 30 with at least one inner frame 10 using a plurality of cross beams 38.

In addition, said method may further include at least one of

- 19 040985 the following steps, in which (d) close each first frame 12 with the transverse elements of each internal frame 10 with a fluid base to form a structural floor in a modular building 100;

(e) attaching the roof panel 61 to each of the at least one inner frame 10;

(f) extending a plurality of expandable columns 50 located between the lower cross member frame 12 and the upper cross member frame 14 of each inner frame 10 to raise the upper cross member frame 14 to a predetermined height;

(g) attaching at least one outer wall to the modular building 100;

(h) fixing a plurality of expandable columns 50 in the foundation 73 of the modular building;

(i) filling each expandable column 50 with a fluid base; and (j) inserting the reinforcing mesh 16 into the first transverse member frame 12 prior to introducing the fluid base in step (d).

In some embodiments, the modular building may further comprise at least one of the exterior walls and a roof supported by the structural frame 80.

In FIG. 25A-25H illustrate step by step a method for constructing a 3-section building according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

In FIG. 25A and 25B show kit 90 received in a transportable, retracted state. Kit 90 additionally contains a plurality of cross beams 38, peripheral frames 40 and reinforcement meshes 18 ready for installation.

In FIG. 25C shows the frame 10 in a partially raised configuration when the third part 53 of the expandable column 50 is extended from the second and first parts 52, 51.

In FIG. 25D shows the frame 10 in a fully raised configuration when the second part 52 and the third part 53 of the expandable column 50 are extended from the first part 51.

In FIG. 25E shows the peripheral frames 40 and two reinforcement meshes 18 removed from the frame 10 and prepared for installation. In the event that cranes and ladders are difficult to access, it may be easier to change from the configuration shown in FIG. 25C to the configuration shown in FIG. 25G before extending columns 50 to full height because connections to roof components such as gable beams 25 and C-purlins 15 can be formed and secured before frame 10 is raised to full height.

In FIG. 25F shows the peripheral frames 40 in an elevated, vertical position connected to the reinforcement meshes 18 defining the footprint or usable floor area of the structure 100. The peripheral frames 40 are shown with fixed height columns 57 that do not expand like the columns 50 of the frame 10.

In FIG. 25G shows, in front view, the structure 100 with gable beams 25 and C-purlins 15 in place above the inner frame 10 and outer frame 30.

In FIG. 25H, in perspective view, the structure 100 is shown before the introduction of the fluid backing onto the reinforcing mesh panels 16 to form the floor slab. Up to this point, structure 100 is relatively light and can be moved as needed.

In FIG. 26A shows kit 90 received in a transportable, retracted state. Kit 90 additionally contains a plurality of cross beams 38, peripheral frames 40 and reinforcement meshes 18 ready for installation. The kit 90 forms a structural frame 80 that uses hinges to orient the second cross member frames 14 as desired, thereby eliminating the need for special roof members 60 as the second cross member frames 14 replace these special roof members 60. However, the roof panels 61 may be attached to the roof element 60 in the form of panels or slates.

The entire 90 kit is sized to fit half an ISO standard size shipping container, allowing two 90 kits to be transported in one standard size ISO container. All structural elements are packaged for transport in a set of 90.

In FIG. 26B and 26C are side and end views of kit 90, respectively.

In FIG. 25D shows frame 10 in a fully stacked configuration, and FIG. 26E shows the frame 10 in a fully raised configuration when the third part 53 and the second part 52 of the expandable column 50 are extended from its first part 51.

In FIG. 26F shows the frame 10 in the fully extended state, with the reinforcing mesh 18 laid on the first frame 12 with transverse members. As shown in FIG. 26F, all other components of kit 90 have been removed from kit 90 and laid out and prepared for installation.

In FIG. 26G shows the peripheral frames 40 in an elevated, vertical position connected to the reinforcement meshes 18 defining the footprint or usable floor area of the structure 100. The peripheral frames 40 are shown with fixed height columns 57 that do not expand like the columns 50 of the frame 10.

As shown in FIG. 26G, the central roof beam 82 extends approximately in the center of the second frame 14 with transverse members. This is an alternative embodiment of the second frame 14 with pope

- 20 040985 river elements, with a longitudinal beam instead of transverse beams, shown, for example, in FIG. 2. An additional roof brace 86 may be incorporated into the roof structure connecting the central roof beam 82 to the top of the peripheral frame 40.

In FIG. 26G further shows a brace 84 extending diagonally from the inner frame 10 to the outer frame 30. The brace may extend diagonally upward from the first frame 12 with inner frame cross members or diagonally down from the second frame 14 with inner frame cross members (as shown in Figure 26G). Fig. 26G).

In FIG. 26H, in perspective view, the structure 100 is shown before the introduction of the fluid base over the reinforcing mesh panels 16 to form the floor slab. Up to this point, structure 100 is relatively light and can be moved as needed.

In FIG. 26H also shows a plurality of cutting elements 66 that are included in the base on which the structure is mounted. As mentioned above, the cutting elements 66 can be manually rotated from the base to cut into the base to secure the structure. Although in FIG. 26H, each column 50, 57 is shown to have its own cutting element, this is not always necessary. If the probability of displacement is low, only some of the columns can be fixed in the base. In some cases, it is assumed that no anchoring is required, and sometimes no anchoring can be provided.

In FIG. 27 schematically explains the entire construction process, from the receipt of a fully packaged product to the creation of a fully finished building.

The foundation 73 may be prepared for either a raised plank floor or a concrete slab.

For raised floors, screw piles provide a quick option. The advantage is that the piles can be designed to withstand cyclones and adverse weather conditions.

For structures 100 with a concrete slab, the following operations will be required:

leveling and preparation of the foundation 73 is necessary to create a concrete pad;

setting the inner frame 10 in position;

placing the reinforcing mesh panel 16 in position adjacent to the inner frame 10 and joining;

installation of screw piles 62 between reinforcing mesh panels and connecting them to each other;

installation of outriggers or peripheral frames 40;

if necessary, filling with concrete the first frame 12 with transverse elements and the reinforcing mesh 18 lying in it;

connecting C-purlins 15 and gable beams 25 or adjusting the orientation of the second frames 14 with cross members to form the roof of the building;

installation of roof decking and gutters (not shown);

lifting the columns 50 and the roof of the structure to the required height;

pouring the roof with concrete;

fastening frame/cladding, bricks or other walls and continuing to work on creating a standard structure.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous changes and modifications to the above described embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims. Thus, the above-described embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and exemplary; they are by no means restrictive.

Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used in the description have the same meaning as generally given to them by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Although any methods and tests equivalent to those specified according to the invention can be used in the implementation of the invention in practice or in the process of testing, only a limited number of methods and materials are described, cited as examples.

It should be understood that if any prior art publication is referenced, such reference does not imply an admission that the present publication is part of the public knowledge of the art in Australia or in any other country.

In the claims and in the foregoing description of the invention, except where the context otherwise requires due to the expressed language or the implied sense, the concept contain or variants thereof, such as contains or containing, is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to indicate the presence of these features, but not to exclude the presence or possibility of adding any additional features in various embodiments of the invention.

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Claims (15)

List of reference designations. 3 Fork jacks 40 Peripheral frame 69 Base plate 5 Frame brace with transverse elements 41 Sliding peripheral frame 70 pile support 6 ISO block 42 A loop 71 connection point 7 welding line 44 First hinge 72 Hole 8 Leveling plates 45 Weld seam 73 Foundation 9 Guide plates 46 Second hinge 74 Load distribution plate 10 Inner frame 48 A loop 75 fixing plate eleven double inner frame 49 Base plate columns 76 Bolt 2 First frame with transverse elements 50 Sliding column 77 Lid 3 Beams with C-profile 51 First part 78 Bathroom module 4 Second frame with transverse elements 52 Second part 79 Box shackle sections 5 C-purlins 53 The third part 80 Structural frame 16 Inner frame with cross members 55 guide 81 Bolt hole for transport 18 Reinforcing mesh 56 Rack 82 roof beam 19 Outer frame 57 Fixed height column 83 C-profile hinge 20 end frame 58 Drive mechanism 84 Spacer 22 End frame beams 59 Lever 85 Shipping bolt 25 gable beam 60 roof frame 86 Roof strut 27 rafter slats 61 Roof panel 87 Hole for fixing bolt thirty External frame 62 rotating shaft 90 Transportable kit 32 Top element 64 Tip / Base 92 Floor 34 bottom element 66 cutting element 93 floor boards 36 intermediate element 68 bolt hole 94 Top cap section 8 Cross beams 5 Pallet R Flat surface 100 modular building CLAIM 1. Modular building system, including a structural frame containing the inner frame as the main structural element, and the specified inner frame contains the first frame with transverse elements forming the base; and a second cross member frame adapted to support the roof and spaced apart from the first cross member frame by a plurality of columns to thereby form a usable volume of the structural frame; moreover, at least two columns include an offset hinge for hinged attachment of the second frame with transverse elements to it, and the offset hinge is made with the possibility of choosing pivot points offset from each other in order to allow setting a plurality of angles of the second frame with transverse elements relative to the first frames with transverse elements. 2. The modular building system of claim 1, comprising four columns attached to respective corners of a first cross member frame. 3. The modular building system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first pair of columns has a first length and the second pair of columns has a second length, the first length being greater than the second length, allowing the modular structure to have a sloped roof profile. 4. Modular building system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the structural frame further comprises an outer frame containing a lower element and an upper element forming a plane; an additional pair of columns connected to the lower element and the upper element, forming a peripheral frame; and a plurality of transverse beams located perpendicular to the plane of the peripheral frame, - 22 040985 wherein the peripheral frame is placed at a distance from the inner frame by means of a plurality of transverse beams, thereby increasing the usable volume of the structural frame. 5. A modular building system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an intermediate cross member frame connected to said plurality of internal frame columns and positioned between the first cross member frame and the second cross member frame. 6. The method of building a modular structure, which includes the steps, which are (a) take into place a kit containing a first frame with transverse elements, to which a plurality of columns and a second frame with transverse elements are rotatably attached; (b) connecting the first frame with transverse members to the ground to form the base of the structure; (c) rotating said plurality of columns from a transport position in which each column runs parallel to the first frame with transverse elements to an operating position in which each column is substantially perpendicular to the first frame with transverse elements; and (d) raising the second cross member frame to a position above the first cross member frame to support the roof of the structure. 7. The method of constructing a modular structure according to claim 6, wherein at least two columns include an offset hinge for hinged attachment of a second frame with transverse elements to it, and the method includes the additional step of (e) choosing the angle of inclination of the roof by selecting one of the two pivot points of the offset hinge to which the second frame with transverse elements is rotatably attachable, wherein the pivot points are offset from each other to enable multiple angles of the second frame with transverse elements relative to the first frame with transverse elements. 8. Kit for forming a modular structure, containing (i) the first frame with transverse elements forming the base of the modular structure; (ii) a plurality of columns pivotally connected to the first frame with transverse elements; and (iii) a second cross member frame configured to support the modular roof and adapted to pivotally attach to the first cross member frame through a plurality of columns; wherein each of the columns is rotatable between a transport position in which each column is substantially parallel to the first cross member frame and an operating position in which each column is substantially perpendicular to the first cross member frame. 9. The kit according to claim 8, in which at least two columns include an offset loop for hinged attachment of the second frame with transverse elements to it, and the offset loop is configured to select pivot points offset from each other, in order to enable setting a plurality of angles of the second frame with transverse elements relative to the first frame with transverse elements. 10. Kit according to claim 8 or 9, in which the specified set of columns contains the first pair of columns pivotally attached to the corners of the first end of the first frame with transverse elements; and a second pair of columns pivotally attached to the corners of the opposite second end of the first frame with transverse elements; wherein the first pair of columns has a first length that is greater than the length of the second pair of columns, thereby providing a modular structure with a sloped roof profile. 11. A set according to any one of claims 8 to 10, in which in the transport position each of the columns is placed inside the area occupied by the first frame with transverse elements. 12. A kit according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the second cross member frame has the same external area as the first cross member frame. 13. The kit according to any one of claims 8 to 12, further comprising a pair of end frames adapted to delimit between them the first and second frames with transverse elements to ensure their transportation. 14. A kit as claimed in claim 13 wherein the end frames comprise ISO molded corners, the end frames having external dimensions to fit a standard ISO freight container. 15. A kit as claimed in claim 13 or 14, wherein the end frames are adapted to fit into the modular structure, providing structural support for it. -