EA040649B1 - ASSEMBLED PROFILE CUTTER FOR RAILWAY WHEELS - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, and in particular to devices for metal processing, in particular to milling the profile of railway wheels.

Prior Art

A prefabricated shaped cutter for processing the profile of railway wheels is known, containing a housing with seating surfaces for installation on a machine spindle, support and cutting plates for processing the profile of a wheel, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a pentagonal prism with protrusions used to transmit torque (Esaulov V.P., Sladkovsky A.V., Shmurygin N.D. Shape cutters for profile processing of locomotive wheels // Mashinostroyeniye Ukrainy, 1995, No. 2).

The disadvantage of this cutter, including a technical problem, is the insufficient accuracy of processing the profile of the railway wheel due to faceting with cutting plates.

The essence of the invention

The claimed invention was based on the technical result - increasing the accuracy of processing the profile of railway wheels, while increasing the productivity of processing by choosing the shape of the cutting edge of each cutting plate that repeats the given shape of the section of the profile of railway wheels.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the prefabricated shaped cutter for processing the profile of railway wheels, containing a body with mounting surfaces for installation on the machine spindle, support and cutting plates for processing the profile of a railway wheel, the body is made in the form of a pentagonal prism with protrusions that serve to transmit torque moment, the cutter is equipped with five segments mounted on a corresponding ledge on the edge of the cutter body and fixed with screws, each of which contains three rows of tangential cutting plates, under which there are base plates that serve to evenly distribute the load on the cutting plates, the latter and the base plates are fixed in sockets , made in the corresponding segment by means of fixing screws, the shape of the cutting edge of each cutting plate is chosen to repeat the given shape of the railway wheel profile section, the plates in rows are installed in such a way that the projections of the cutting edges of the cutting layers on a plane passing through the axis of the cutter, overlap each other, while the cutting inserts are formed by two opposite end surfaces and side surfaces, two of which are concave, while the cutting edges are formed at the intersection of the concave side surfaces with the corresponding end surfaces, where the profile of the concave surfaces is chosen from the relation <L=— α< 10

180 mounted on one segment are designed to process the full profile of the railway wheel, and the screw heads are made conical and located eccentrically in the holes of the segments to press each segment to the housing ledge in the direction opposite to the cutting force.

List of figures

In FIG. 1 shows the main view of the prefabricated shaped cutter for processing the profile of railway wheels.

In FIG. 2 shows a section A-A, which shows the method of fastening the segments in the cutter body.

In FIG. 3 shows a section B-B, which shows the fastening of the cutting and supporting plates in the segment.

In FIG. 4 shows a wheel profile divided into eight sections, of which sections A, D, F, G and H are processed with tangential cutting inserts having straight cutting edges, and sections B, C and E are processed with tangential cutting inserts, the radius of the shape of the cutting edges is the radius of the section of the profile of the railway wheel.

In FIG. 5 shows an isometry of an interchangeable tangential polyhedral cutting insert.

Confirmation of the possibility of carrying out the invention

Prefabricated shaped cutter for processing the profile of railway wheels 1 contains a housing 2 with seating surfaces 3 for installation on the machine spindle (not shown in the drawings), support 4 and 5 and cutting 6 plates for processing the profile of the railway wheel 1, while the housing 2 is made in the form pentagonal prism with protrusions 7, which serve to transmit torque M _kr (see Fig. 2 and 3). The cutter is equipped with five segments 9 installed on the corresponding ledge 7 on the edge of the body 2 and fixed with screws 8 segments 9, each of which contains three rows of tangential cutting plates 6. Support plates 4 and 5 are located under the cutting plates 6, which serve to evenly distribute the load on the cutting plates 6. The last 6 and support plates 4 and 5 are fixed in sockets 10, made in the corresponding segment 9 by means of fixing screws 11. The shape of the cutting edge of each cutting plate 6 is chosen to repeat the given shape of the profile section of the railway wheel 1. Plates 4, 5 and 6 in rows are set in such a way that the projections of the cutting edges of the cutting inserts 6 on the plane passing through the axis of the cutter 12 overlap each other. The cutting inserts 6 are formed by two opposite end surfaces 13, 14 and side surfaces 15, 16, 17, 18, two of which 15 and 16 are concave,

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Claims (1)

while the cutting edges 19 and 20 are formed at the intersection of the concave side surfaces 15 and 16 with the corresponding end surfaces 13 and 14, and the profiles of the concave side surfaces 15 and 16 selected from ratio 7 <L=— ·α< 10 180 where L is the length of the arc of the concave surface of the plate, mm; R is the radius of the shape of the cutting edges, mm; £•180 a = —— ^π ' ^κ - arc angle, °, mounted on one segment 9, designed to process the full profile of the railway wheel 1. The heads of the screws 8 are conical and located eccentrically in the holes of the segments 9 to press each segment 9 to protrusion 7 of the body 2 in the direction opposite to the cutting force P _z (see Fig. 2 and 3). Prefabricated shaped cutter for processing the profile of railway wheels works as follows. When assembling the cutter, support plates 4 and 5 are installed on segments 9, cutting plates 6 in the corresponding sockets 10 and fixed with screws 11. Segments 9 are installed on the body 2 with support 4 and 5 fixed in sockets 10, cutting plates 6 and fixed with screws 8. Since each of the segments 9 contains three rows of tangential cutting inserts 6, where the projections of the cutting edges of the cutting inserts 6 on the plane passing through the axis of the cutter 12 overlap each other, process the full profile of the railway wheel 1, and faceting of the latter is excluded. Thus, the claimed set of essential features, reflected in the claims, provides the claimed technical result - an increase in the accuracy of processing the profile of railway wheels, with an increase in processing productivity due to the choice of the shape of the cutting edge of each cutting plate repeating the given shape of the section of the profile of railway wheels. Analysis of the claimed technical solution for compliance with the terms of patentability showed that the features indicated in the formula are essential and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of necessary features, unknown at the priority date from the prior art and sufficient to obtain the required synergistic (supertotal) technical result. Thus, the above information testifies to the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed technical solution: the object embodying the claimed technical solution, in its implementation, is intended for milling the profiles of railway wheels with replaceable tangential multifaceted cutting carbide inserts; for the declared object in the form as it is characterized in the formula, the possibility of its implementation using the means and methods described above in the application or known from the prior art on the priority date is confirmed; an object embodying the claimed technical solution, in its implementation, is capable of achieving the technical result perceived by the applicant. Therefore, the claimed subject matter meets the patentability criteria of novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability under the current legislation. CLAIM Prefabricated shaped cutter for processing the profile of railway wheels, containing a body with seating surfaces for installation on the machine spindle, support and cutting plates for processing the profile of a railway wheel, characterized in that the body is made in the form of a pentagonal prism with protrusions used to transmit torque, a cutter equipped with five segments mounted on a corresponding protrusion on the edge of the cutter body and fixed with screws, each of which contains three rows of tangential cutting plates, under which there are base plates that serve to evenly distribute the load on the cutting plates, while the cutting plates and base plates are fixed in sockets , made in the corresponding segment by means of fixing screws, the shape of the cutting edge of each cutting plate is chosen to repeat the given shape of the railway wheel profile section, the plates in rows are installed in such a way that the projections of the cutting edges of the cutting plates on a flat the awn passing through the axis of the cutter overlapped each other, the cutting inserts are formed by two opposite end surfaces and side surfaces, two of which are concave, while the cutting edges are formed at the intersection of the concave side surfaces with the corresponding end surfaces, the profile of the concave surfaces is selected from the ratio 7 <L=--α < 10 180 where L is the length of the arc of the concave surface of the plate, mm; R is the radius of the shape of the cutting edges, mm; -