EA040254B1 - DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CLEANING INTERIOR SPACES OF RESERVOIRS AND INSTALLATIONS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of cleaning the internal spaces of tanks and installations, in particular, it relates to a device and a method for removing deposits in the internal spaces of tanks and installations by means of explosive technology.

The device comprises a feeder for supplying an explosive mixture or its initial components, and a conveying line for transporting the explosive mixture to a cleaning site, said conveying line being connected to the feeder.

The apparatus and method serve in particular for cleaning contaminated and slagged combustion installations with build-up or deposits on their inner walls. The interiors of combustion plants, such as waste incineration plants or thermal power plants, which are directly or indirectly affected by the combustion process, or waste heat boilers connected downstream of such plants, are exposed to more or less heavy pollution during their operation.

These contaminants contain inorganic compounds and usually result from the deposition of ash particles on the wall. In the high flue gas temperature range, deposits tend to be very hard, as they either remain molten or fused to the wall, or are glued together by lower melting or condensing substances as they solidify on the cooler boiler wall. Such deposits can only be removed with known cleaning methods with great difficulty and insufficiently. This leads to the fact that the boiler that forms the combustion chamber must be periodically turned off and cooled for cleaning. Since such boilers are usually quite large, this often requires the installation of scaffolding in the boiler. In addition, it requires a break in work for several days or weeks, and is extremely unpleasant and harmful for the cleaning staff due to the strong exposure to dust and dirt. Often an unavoidable side effect of a plant outage is damage to the tank materials themselves as a result of extreme temperature fluctuations. In addition to cleaning and repair costs, an important cost factor is the costs caused by plant downtime due to production downtime or loss of revenue.

Cleaning methods known from the prior art, used with plants offline, are, for example, tapping the boiler, using a steam cleaner, water cutter/soot blower, and sandblasting.

In addition, a cleaning method is known in which a cooled or hot boiler in operation is cleaned by introducing and igniting explosives. In the method described in EP 1067349, an explosive is injected by means of a cooled spike into a region near a contaminated heating surface where the explosive charge is ignited. The deposit on the heating surface breaks off under the action of the force of the explosion and vibrations of the walls formed by shock waves. With this method, the cleaning time can be significantly reduced compared to conventional cleaning methods. In addition, cleaning can be carried out with the necessary safety measures during the operation of the incineration furnace or even when the tank is hot. Thus, the boiler can be cleaned in this way within a few hours and without interruption in operation, which takes several days with the usual cleaning method.

The disadvantage of this method is the use of explosives. In addition to the high cost of the explosive, high security costs are required to prevent accidents or theft, for example during the storage of the explosive. The introduction of an explosive into a hot reservoir also requires a completely reliable and efficient cooling system to prevent premature detonation of the explosive. In addition, due to the danger and potential for abuse, the use of explosives is permitted in many countries only with special permission and subject to strict regulations. This, in turn, can interfere with daily work.

From the document EP 1362213 B1 another cleaning method is known, which also uses an explosion agent. However, according to this method, instead of an explosive, a cylinder shell is installed at the end of the cleaning peak, which is inflated with an explosive gas mixture. The cleaning spike, together with the hollow shell of the cylinder, is introduced into the space of the boiler and placed near the place to be cleaned. Then the shell of the cylinder is filled with an explosive gas mixture. By igniting the gas mixture in the shell of the cylinder, an explosion is created, the shock waves of which lead to the separation of contaminants on the walls of the boiler. The shell of the cylinder is torn apart by the explosion and burns. Thus, it is a consumable item.

This method and associated apparatus have the advantage over the explosive explosive technology mentioned above in that the method is inexpensive to operate. Thus, for example, the initial components of a gas mixture containing oxygen and a combustible gas such as ethylene are inexpensive compared to an explosive. In addition, the purchase and operation of these gases, unlike explosives, does not require any special permits or qualifications, so that any person with the appropriate training can

- 1 040254 to carry out the specified method.

Additionally, there is also the advantage that the starting components are fed to the cleaning lance via separate supply lines, whereby a dangerous explosive gas mixture is thus only formed in the cleaning lance shortly before the explosion occurs. Namely, compared with an explosive, the operation of the initial components of the gas mixture individually is much less dangerous, since individually they are at most combustible, but not explosive.

However, the operation of the cleaning lance described in EP 1362213 B1 has the disadvantage that the range inside the tank is limited. Although the range can be increased by a longer pike length. However, even with a long cleaning lance, such radii cannot be overcome to reach hard-to-reach places. In addition, although a longer cleaning lance increases the range, such a cleaning lance is also bulky and therefore more difficult to operate.

Thus, the object of the present invention is to modify the cleaning device described in EP 1362213 B1 so that with this cleaning device the places to be cleaned can be more easily accessed and even inaccessible places can be more easily and simply reached.

In addition, greater ease and safety of operation of the cleaning device can be achieved while increasing flexibility.

This problem is solved by the features of the independent claims 1 and 26 of the claims. Additional options and particular embodiments of the invention follow from the dependent claims, from the description and drawings. Thus, the present invention is characterized in that the conveying line is made, at least in part, in the form of a conveying hose.

In this invention, the term hose refers to a flexible elongated hollow body. A hose differs from a tube (pipe) in its flexibility. Flexibility in this context means, in particular, that the transport hose can deviate in all directions from its longitudinal axis or longitudinal direction. In particular, the term hose should not be limited to a specific material or group of materials. For example, the hose may be made of plastic or metal, or a combination of both.

In particular, the conveying hose has a rounded, in particular annular, main cross section.

The transport line or transport hose forms a closed transport channel through which the explosive mixture can be transported. The conveying takes place from the feeder on the feed side to the outlet on the cleaning side of the conveying line or conveying hose.

On the feed side means, in particular, facing the feeder or located near the feeder. On the cleaning side means in particular facing the area to be cleaned (cleaning area) or positioned at the cleaning area in the working position.

The transport channel may form an annular cross section. The transport channel may have a (largest) diameter of 60 mm or less, 50 mm or less, 40 mm or less, 30 mm or less, or even 20 mm or less. The diameter (largest) may be 5 mm or more, 10 mm or more, 20 mm or more, or even 30 mm or more.

If the conveying channel, as described in more detail below, is formed by a plastic hose such as, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), then the largest diameter of the conveying channel can be made with smaller dimensions due to its smooth inner wall and, as a result, less pressure loss or resistance to flow when passing an explosive mixture.

In this case, the largest diameter of the conveying channel may be 20 mm or less, in particular 10 mm or less, and in particular 5 mm or less.

The transport hose according to the present invention can be used in various ways. On the one hand, the conveying hose can serve to cover the distance between the feeder or the dispenser or the inlet and the opening for insertion into the tank or installation to be cleaned.

Unlike conventional cleaning lances, it is not necessary to move the feeder or dispenser or inlet each time you change the insertion hole in the tank or installation being cleaned. Different insertion holes for cleaning the inside of a tank or plant can be easily and conveniently reached from different sides with a suitable long transport hose without moving the feeder or dispenser or inlet. On the other hand, a transport hose can be used to increase the reach in the interior of the tank or plant being cleaned. Thus, thanks to the transport hose, a large area in the interior of a tank or installation can be covered from one insertion hole.

- 2 040254

Tank or plant cleaning can be done online, i.e. during operation of the installation and, accordingly, at high temperatures of several hundred degrees

Celsius, or offline with a stop or a decrease in the intensity of work and, accordingly, at lower temperatures.

Depending on the intended use of the conveying hose, e.g. outside the tank or plant being cleaned, or inside the tank or plant being cleaned but offline, or inside the tank or plant being cleaned online, there may be different designs due to different heat resistance requirements. transport hose and materials used. This is disclosed in more detail below.

The transport hose in particular comprises or consists of a gas-tight hose.

According to a further embodiment, the gas-tight or gas-tight hose forms a (closed) transport channel for the explosive mixture.

According to a particular embodiment, the gas-tight hose is made of plastic or contains plastic. The plastic may be, for example, duroplast or thermoplastic. The plastic may be, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PUR) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

Said plastic hose may have reinforcing fibers embedded therein. They may be present in the form of a textile web, such as a braid. The reinforcing fibers serve in particular to increase the tensile strength and/or the compressive strength of the hose.

However, as explained below, the gas-tight hose can also be made of metal.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the conveying hose is multi-layered. The transport hose, in particular, may contain a plurality of hoses with different physical and/or structural properties, inserted into each other.

Between two hoses, in particular between two gas-tight or liquid-tight hoses, a cooling channel, in particular an annular cooling channel, can be provided. The cooling medium may be supplied to the cooling channel, for example, through an inlet, such as an inlet. The inlet can be located on the transport hose or on the inlet or on the mixer.

The cooling channel is used in particular to cool a connection component connected to a transport hose on the cleaning side, such as a pipe body or a body of a lance and/or a cylinder shell, which are introduced into the hot interior of the tank or plant to be cleaned during operation at high temperatures ( online application). However, said cooling channel can also serve to cool the transport hose. It is heated by the ignition of the explosive mixture in the transport channel. In addition, the conveying hose also heats up when used online, i.e. when the conveying hose is to be inserted into the hot interior of the tank or system being cleaned. The cooling medium is fed through the cooling channel to the end of the transport hose on the cleaning side.

According to the first embodiment, the cooling channel has an outlet at the end of the transport hose on the cleaning side, so that the cooling medium flows out and, for example, cools the attached component (connector component) and/or the container shell from the outside.

If the connecting component is a pipe body, then, according to the second variant, the cooling medium can be discharged through the outlet into the interior of the pipe body in the region of the end of the conveying hose on the cleaning side, in particular in the region of the connection or coupling between the conveying hose and the pipe body, and cool this case from the inside. The outlet opens, in particular, at the end part on the cleaning side into the transport channel of the transport hose.

In both embodiments, in the region of the outlet opening, in particular, a valve can be located. This valve, in particular, is controlled mechanically. The valve is designed, in particular, in the form of a non-return valve and is intended, in particular, to prevent the penetration of a liquid or gaseous medium from the outside into the cooling channel.

The supply of coolant can be controlled via a controlled inlet valve located on the supply side. The hoses of the multilayer transport hose are in particular loosely inserted into each other. As a result, the hoses located inside can be removed from the transport hose again, for example for replacement.

The transport hose may in particular comprise a first hose and an inner second hose surrounded by the first hose and being gas-tight. The transport hose may comprise a hose, in particular a protective hose, having one or more of the following properties or protective functions:

pressure resistance;

breaking strength.

This hose, referred to below as the first hose, is particularly pressure resistant

- 3 040254 against pressure forces directed radially from the inside out. Such pressure forces acting in the radial direction arise, for example, when an explosive mixture is ignited in a transport channel, as well as during undesired re-ignition. This protects the inner hose from being damaged by radially acting pressure forces. The first hose may additionally be made resistant to stretching with respect to tensile forces acting in the axial direction. As a result, the inner hose is protected from damage by tensile forces acting in the axial direction.

Additional or alternative protective functions that the first hose or protective hose can perform are protection against heat (eg contact with hot parts of the installation), flame and radiation;

protection against external mechanical influences, such as friction, bending, perforation, etc.

The first hose is in particular made of a metal such as steel.

The first hose may be a braided hose. The braided hose is in particular made of a metal such as steel. Braided hose, in particular, is a wire braid. The transport hose comprises, as mentioned above, in particular a hose which is gas-tight, i. gas-tight. This hose, hereinafter referred to as the second hose for the sake of distinction, is in particular an inner hose surrounded by the first hose.

According to an embodiment, the second hose may be a corrugated hose. A corrugated hose is a hose made of a rigid material, such as metal, with a wave-like diameter that is made flexible by the corrugation. When bending, the waves on the outer arc are stretched, while they are simultaneously compressed in the inner arc.

The corrugated hose has in particular an annular corrugation. Corrugated metal hoses are colloquially also called corrugated pipes. The corrugated hose is in particular made of a metal such as steel (stainless steel or special steel). Corrugated hose can be made of chrome steel.

The corrugated hose can be made by welding or hydraulic forming from a basic profile.

Corrugated metal hoses are particularly used as heat-resistant gas-tight or liquid-tight hoses when used at high temperatures.

Due to the corrugated profile and the high surface roughness associated with it on the inner side of the hose, the corrugated hose, despite being gas-tight, in particular does not form a transport channel, in contrast to the above-mentioned gas-tight hose made of plastic or containing plastic. Thus, the conveying hose may also comprise an additional hose forming a conveying channel. This hose, hereinafter referred to as the third hose for distinction, is located respectively inside in a multilayer construction. The third hose, in particular, may be surrounded by a second hose. The third hose is characterized in particular by the fact that its inner wall has less unevenness, i. e. roughness, in relation to the second hose.

Through the use of a third hose, the flow resistance with respect to a corrugated hose whose inner wall is structurally wavy can be significantly reduced. Reducing the flow resistance in the transport channel by making the inner wall as smooth as possible can provide smaller cross-sections for the transport channel. Thus, the overall diameter of the conveying hose can be kept small. The third hose is in particular a winding hose. The winding hose is in particular made of a metal such as steel (stainless steel or special steel). The winding hose can be made of chrome steel.

Coiled hoses consist of coils that are freely engaged in each other. Because of this, they can be bent. Coiled hoses can be made with a hook profile or with a rebate profile, such as a graph profile. Due to the free engagement of the profiles in each other, the coiled hoses are not gas-tight or liquid-tight without special sealing measures. However, this is not absolutely necessary in the present invention, since the third hose must primarily provide the smoothest possible inner wall and not necessarily tightness. The tightness is ensured, in particular, by a second hose. However, as explained below, the third hose may also be a gas-tight hose made of or containing plastic. With regard to additional details about making the hose of plastic or containing plastic, reference is made to the corresponding disclosure below.

According to a further embodiment of the transport hose, it has, as mentioned above, an annular channel directly or indirectly surrounding the hose forming the transport channel, or said hose forming the transport channel, for transporting a cooling medium.

According to a further embodiment, said annular passage may be formed between the second and third hose, provided that the third hose is also gas-tight or liquid-tight.

According to a further embodiment, the transport hose comprises an outer hose, referred to below as a fourth hose for distinction. The fourth hose is particularly liquid-tight, i. e. liquid tight. The fourth hose, in particular, is also gas-tight, i. gas-tight.

The fourth hose in particular is the outermost hose. The outermost hose forms the outer surface of the transport hose.

If no fourth hose is used, then in particular the first hose forms the outermost hose. The fourth hose, in particular, surrounds the first hose. An annular cooling channel for the cooling medium is formed between the inner, first, and outer, fourth, hose.

The fourth hose may also be a corrugated hose. Corrugated hose, in particular, is of the type described above. Corrugated hose, in particular, is made of metal, as described above. The fourth hose, in an embodiment of a corrugated hose made of metal, such as steel, is used in particular when a transport hose is to be introduced into the hot interior of a tank or plant for the purpose of cleaning. In this case, the fourth hose must be heat resistant and heat resistant respectively.

The fourth hose can also be made of plastic. The fourth hose has, in particular, elastic properties that provide the necessary flexibility. The fourth plastic hose may contain reinforcing fibres. They may be present in the form of a textile web, such as a braid.

A fourth plastic hose may be used if it is not required to be heat or heat resistant. This is the case, for example, if the transport hose is not introduced into the hot interior of the tank or plant being cleaned.

According to a further variant, although the transport hose is introduced into the interior of the tank or plant being cleaned, the tank or system is not in operation (offline application) and the interior is suitably cooled so that no heat resistance or heat resistance is required.

The fourth hose may be made from an elastomer such as ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM). Alternatively, the fourth hose may contain an elastomer such as ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM).

The first, second, third and fourth hoses mentioned above are respectively inserted into each other in the indicated manner. In other words, they are located concentrically relative to each other in cross section. According to another embodiment, the transport hose, as already mentioned above, is made of a plastic such as polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). It is also possible that the transport hose comprises a plastic hose such as polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The hose may also contain said plastic. A hose made of a plastic such as polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) forms, in particular, a transport channel. Said hose, as mentioned, is in particular gas-tight.

The transport hose according to this embodiment can also be multi-layered. A hose made of plastic, such as polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or containing plastic, is in particular the innermost hose.

The conveying hose according to this embodiment, in particular, may comprise a plurality of hoses, for example two or three, with different physical and/or structural properties, which are inserted into each other.

For example, a plastic hose such as polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), according to an embodiment of the invention similar to the coiled hose described above, is inserted into a protective hose, i. surrounded by him. This protective hose has one or more of the protective functions mentioned above.

The protective hose can be made of metal.

The protective hose may in particular be pressure-resistant. The braided hose is in particular made of a metal such as steel. Braided hose, in particular, is a wire braid. According to an embodiment of the invention, the plastic hose can be surrounded by a liquid-tight and possibly also gas-tight hose, which together with the plastic hose forms the above-mentioned annular cooling channel.

The liquid-tight and in particular also gas-tight hose is in particular made of a metal, such as steel.

Said hose may also be made of plastic or contain plastic.

Said hose may be, for example, a corrugated hose. The corrugated hose can be made in accordance with the method described above.

Said hose can in particular be positioned between a protective hose and an inner plastic hose forming a transport channel.

- 5 040254

According to a particular embodiment, the protective hose and the liquid-tight or gas-tight hose are made from the same hose to form an annular cooling channel. As mentioned above, the gas-tight plastic hose can be freely inserted into the surrounding hose or hoses. This makes it easy and quick (due to wear) to replace the plastic hose. Plastic hoses are particularly used in offline applications when the tank or plant being cleaned is cooled, or outside the tank or plant being cleaned to bridge the distance between the feeder and the inlet of the tank being cleaned. Instead of an annular cooling channel, the cooling medium, in particular, can also be transported through a separate cooling hose to a component connected to the transport hose on the cleaning side and/or the container shell. This cooling hose can be located, for example, in a transport channel or in an annular channel between two hoses. The diameter of the cooling hose is in particular a fraction of the diameter of the innermost hose, for example a few millimeters, in particular up to a maximum of 5 mm. Thus, the cooling hose occupies only a small part of the cross-sectional area of the conveying channel or is located in the annular gap of the annular channel.

Such a cooling hose is in particular made of plastic.

The length of the conveying hose can be several meters. The length of the transport hose may be, for example, 5 m or more, in particular 10 m or more. In principle, the length of the conveying hose can be up to 100 m or even more than 100 m.

The transport hose serves in particular as an extension of the line between the feeder or between the inlet or mixer and the outlet on the cleaning side.

The inlet device may comprise or consist of a mixer. The mixer is characterized, in particular, by the fact that an explosive mixture is formed in it from the initial components introduced into the mixer.

The inlet may include metering equipment. This dosing equipment serves, in particular, to introduce into the conveying hose the explosive mixture already supplied from the doser, or its starting components, in particular dosed in a controlled manner. The inlet may also comprise or consist of both metering equipment and a mixer.

At the end of the conveying line on the side of cleaning, forming the outlet, there may be a container shell, which can contain at least part of the explosive mixture flowing from the conveying line through the outlet. The amount of explosive mixture received by the cylinder shell depends on the loading volume of the cylinder shell.

The balloon shell is made flexible. The balloon shell may be a bag. The balloon shell may be made of paper, plastic, or a combination of paper and plastic. The balloon shell can be made single-layer or multilayer. As an alternative to the container shell, the device can also be designed so that at least a part of the explosive mixture is introduced into the interior of the tank or plant through an outlet at the end of the conveying line, while a cloud of the explosive mixture is formed in the interior. This cloud is characterized, in particular, by the fact that it is not limited in the internal space with respect to the surrounding atmosphere by physical means or by a partition, such as the envelope of a balloon. On the contrary, the edge region of the cloud is in direct contact with the surrounding atmosphere. At the end of the conveying hose on the cleaning side, in particular, there is a connecting component that performs a specific function. In particular, this connecting component forms a transport channel for the explosive mixture. It is an extension of the conveying channel of the conveying hose. The connecting component in particular forms an outlet on the cleaning side for the explosive mixture. The connecting component is in particular made of a metal such as steel.

According to an embodiment, the connecting component may be a guide tube. The guide tube is made, in particular, in the form of a spear body.

The guide pipe, in particular, is made in the form of a handle and serves to manually place the shell of the cylinder or cloud of the explosive mixture in the interior of the tank or installation. When using the cylinder shell, it is, in particular, fixed on the guide tube. Attachment can be direct or indirect.

The guide tube is used in particular when the transport hose is not to be led into the interior of the tank or plant. The guide tube is suitably intended to be inserted into the interior of the tank or plant to be cleaned, in particular for manual insertion. The guide tube thus makes it possible to align and position the outlet to the cleaning site.

The guide tube may have a length of 0.5 m or more, or 1 m or more. In particular, the guide tube may have a length of 2 m or more, in particular 3 m or more, such as 4 m.

The guide tube can be detachably fixed on the conveyor

- 6 040254 hose, in particular by means of a coupling such as a quick coupler. This allows you to easily and quickly change guide tubes of different lengths during cleaning. As a result, the user enjoys a high degree of flexibility during cleaning, since, depending on the availability or distance of the places to be cleaned inside the tank or plant, a suitable guide tube can be used. The guide tube is made, in particular, in the form of a simple tube. In other words, the guide tube is made, in particular, single-walled. In other words, the guide tube in particular forms only one channel. As a result, the guide tube is - even at long lengths - very light and thus extremely handy compared to conventional multi-walled cleaning lances with an integrated cooling channel.

As described above, the cooling may be carried out by means of a cooling medium supplied through a cooling channel in the transport hose and applied externally to the guide tube or introduced into the transport channel of the guide tube.

However, the guide tube can also be made multi-walled and have an annular cooling channel surrounding the conveying channel. The annular cooling channel can be opened on the cleaning side, so that the cooling medium can escape to the outside and, for example, cool the container shell.

The annular cooling channel of the guide tube is in particular connected via a hose coupling to the annular cooling channel of the conveying hose, so that the cooling medium can be transported from the cooling channel of the conveying hose to the cooling channel of the guide tube.

Alternatively, the guide tube can also have a connection device, such as a connection pipe, for connecting the supply line for the cooling medium and for supplying the cooling medium to the cooling channel or to the transport channel. In other words, the coolant is not supplied via a transport hose, but via a separate supply line directly to the guide tube.

At the end of the guide pipe on the cleaning side, a tank connector can be provided for attaching the cylinder shell. According to another embodiment, at the end of the conveying hose on the cleaning side, there is a tank connector for attaching the container shell. The connection element of the reservoir accordingly forms an outlet for the explosive mixture.

This embodiment is used in particular when a transport hose is to be introduced into the interior of a tank or installation to be cleaned. The container connector may comprise a protective tube, a protective cap or a protective cage for accommodating the not yet expanded, for example compressed or folded, container shell. The same applies, among other things, to the tank connector located on the guide tube. At the end on the cleaning side of the transport hose, a hose coupling, in particular a quick-release coupling, can be provided for connecting a connection component without tools, such as the aforementioned guide tube or tank connector, to the transport hose. The connecting component can also be an additional hose, such as a mounting hose, that can be introduced into the tank or installation being cleaned (eg, similar to a guide tube or a spear body).

Additionally, the connecting component can also be a distribution block, to which, in turn, a plurality of outgoing installation hoses can be connected, which can be introduced into the tank or installation to be cleaned and through which the position of the cleaning explosion or tank shells in the interior of the tank can be fixed or installation. The associated cleaning method is explained in more detail below. The installation hose is in particular made of plastic or contains plastic, such as, for example, PVC or PUR. However, the installation hose can also be made of metal. In particular, the hose coupling provides a tool-free connection by assembling components to each other. A bayonet connection is also possible, requiring a rotary movement with a connection insert. In addition, screw connections are also possible. In particular, the hose coupling also has the property that the connection can be opened again without the use of tools.

The hose coupling can additionally be designed to guide the cooling medium from the cooling channel of the transport hose into the cooling channel of the connecting component, in particular the guide tube.

The conveying line or conveying hose can be directly or indirectly connected to the feeder. It can be provided that the transport hose extends from the feeder, in particular from the dispenser or from the inlet or mixer, to an outlet on the cleaning side or a connecting component with an outlet connected to the transport hose. The transport hose can be connected on the supply side via a swivel to a component of the device, in particular to an inlet or a mixer. In particular, the swivel joint makes it possible to rotate the transport hose around its longitudinal axis. This prevents the twisting forces that inevitably occur when the transport hose is moved. The articulation can be made together with a coupling, in particular with a quick-release coupling.

An explosive mixture is obtained in the device, in particular, at least from the first and second initial component.

Said explosive mixture is in particular gaseous. The starting components, in particular, are also gaseous. However, the starting components, in particular if they are under pressure in pressure vessels, can also be liquid. Liquid starting components can pass into a gaseous state, for example, only in the manufacture of an explosive gaseous mixture.

The explosive mixture contains, in particular, a combustible substance. The combustible substance, which is the first source component, may be liquid or gaseous. In particular, the combustible substance may be a rapidly evaporating liquid. The fuel may be from the group of combustible hydrocarbons such as acetylene, ethylene, methane, ethane, propane, gasoline, oil, etc. The explosive mixture additionally contains, in particular, an oxidizing agent, such as, for example, gaseous oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, which is the second starting component. In other words, the explosive mixture, in particular, is formed from the first source component, which is a combustible substance, and the second source component, which is an oxidizing agent.

The starting components mixed to form an explosive mixture may themselves be mixtures, such as gas mixtures or liquid mixtures. To obtain an explosive mixture of at least two initial components supplied by the feeder, between the feeder and the transport hose, in particular, a mixer or an inlet with a mixer is located.

The starting components are respectively transported via a separate supply line, such as a hose line, from the supply device, in particular from the dosing device, to the inlet device or the mixer, and are fed into them. The supply lines are respectively connected to an inlet or mixer. Supply lines can be up to 3 m long.

However, the feed lines can also be made longer and can have lengths of up to 15 or 30 m. feeder or dispenser.

The mixer forms, in particular, a mixing zone in which the starting components introduced into the mixer are mixed to obtain an explosive mixture. The mixer forms the appropriate feed channels for the original components included in the mixing zone.

The explosive mixture is then fed from the mixer into the conveying line and conveyed to the outlet of the conveying line on the cleaning side.

An inlet or mixer can additionally be configured to supply a cooling medium to a cooling channel, in particular an annular cooling channel of the conveying line. The cooling medium may generally be or contain a gas, such as air, or a liquid, in particular water. The cooling medium is in particular a mixture of liquid and gas, such as a mixture of water and air. The cooling medium or the individual cooling medium feedstocks such as water and air, for example compressed air, are transported in each case via a suitable supply line, such as hose lines, to and fed into an inlet device or a mixer. The supply lines are respectively connected to an inlet or mixer. The supply of a cooling medium, such as water and/or air, is controlled by a control device via appropriate equipment. This equipment may be located in a dispenser or mixer, or located in an inlet. The cooling medium or the individual components of the cooling medium, in particular, can also be transported from the supply device through the supply lines to the intake device or the mixer.

Additionally, an igniter for igniting the explosive mixture may be located in the inlet or mixer. The ignition-effective component of the ignition device is located in particular in the mixing zone or downstream of the mixing zone in the mixer.

The feeder contains, among other things, pressure vessels from which the raw materials are transported via feed lines to the feeder or mixer.

According to an additional embodiment, the feeder contains a dispenser for dosed supply of the explosive mixture or its initial components. The dispenser can additionally also be designed to supply a cooling medium.

The feed lines mentioned above run respectively from the dispenser to the inlet or mixer.

The inlet or mixer is located, in particular, between said dispenser and the transport hose. The dispenser, in particular, is made in the form of a device, for example in the form of a movable device. The dispenser can be installed, respectively, on rollers or wheels. The original components of the dispenser, in particular, are located in the housing. The pressure vessels mentioned above are in particular designed as batching tanks supplying feedstocks at a predetermined dosage, so that the feedstocks in an inlet or mixer can be mixed in a stoichiometric ratio to form an explosive mixture. The dispenser tanks, in particular, are part of the dispenser. In other words, the reservoirs of the dispenser are located, in particular, in the dispenser.

In turn, feed components from compressed gas cylinders can be supplied to the dispenser tanks. Accordingly, the dispenser is connected to the compressed gas cylinders via supply lines.

The device also contains a control device for controlling the method. The control device controls, in particular, the metered introduction of the explosive mixture or its components into the conveying line or into the inlet or into the mixer. Additionally, the control device also controls the igniter with which the explosion is carried out. The control device also controls the supply of coolant to the conveying line or inlet or mixer.

The control device, in particular, is also located in the dispenser. The control device may include an input block. The input unit may be located in the dispenser.

Additionally or alternatively to the input unit located in the dispenser, a wired or wireless input unit, movable relative to the dispenser, can be used, which allows input from the side of the dispenser.

The input block may contain control buttons, an input keyboard, or a touch-sensitive screen (touch screen). Additionally, the input block may also contain output means such as a screen or indicator lights.

As mentioned above, the device may include, in particular, metering equipment for metered introduction of a gaseous mixture or starting components. Dosing equipment is assigned to each initial component accordingly. In particular, the dosing equipment includes a valve for controlled flow of the starting components.

Dosing equipment may be located in the dispenser. However, the dosing equipment may also be located in the inlet or mixer.

In principle, the inlet or mixer can also be integrated into the dispenser. In particular, both the dosing equipment and the mixer can also be built into the dosing unit. Accordingly, the transport hose can also be (directly) connected to the dispenser. The cleaning method according to the present invention is based on the principle of supplying the explosive mixture by means of a transport line to the vicinity of the cleaning site in order to bring the explosive mixture to the explosion as close as possible to the cleaning site.

The cleaning method contains the following steps:

supplying the gaseous explosive mixture to the conveying line and transporting the gaseous explosive mixture to the outlet of the conveying line on the cleaning side;

controlled ignition of the explosive mixture by means of an igniter, wherein the explosive mixture is caused to explode.

To do this, the starting components are carried out from the feeder or dispenser through feed lines, in particular to the inlet or mixer, and mixed with each other in the inlet or mixer to form an explosive mixture.

The pressurized raw materials in the pressure vessels enter the inlet or mixer at a lower ambient pressure, whereby they receive the necessary kinetic energy to transport them through the supply line or to transport the explosive mixture through the transport line. The mixer forms a mixing zone in which the initial components are mixed with each other to obtain an explosive mixture. The explosive mixture is introduced from the mixing zone into the conveying line and thus into the conveying hose and transported in or in it further towards the outlet. In an embodiment of the method, in particular, a container shell is provided to accommodate the explosive mixture.

The shell of the cylinder is filled, in particular, with an explosive mixture emerging from the outlet of the conveying line.

To do this, before the explosive mixture is supplied to the conveying line, the cylinder shell is installed on the outlet of the conveying line on the cleaning side.

According to a variant of the method, a cloud of the explosive mixture is formed in the interior of the tank or plant being cleaned using the explosive mixture exiting the outlet of the conveying line.

According to a particular variant, the method comprises the following additional steps:

placing a plurality of settling hoses, each with a canister shell mounted on the settling hose, at different locations within the interior of the tank or plant being cleaned;

parallel or serial connection of installation hoses directly or indirectly to the conveying line;

filling the attached installation hoses with a gaseous explosive mixture in sequential order, feeding the explosive mixture into the shells of the cylinder, and thereby generating a plurality of cleaning explosions in sequential order.

To produce an explosion, the explosive mixture is ignited, in particular by means of an ignition device. The ignition takes place in particular in the mixing zone or in the mixer zone adjacent to it. Ignition can be carried out immediately after closing the dosing equipment, i.e. immediately after completion of the input of the initial components into the mixer. This is particularly true when a cloud of an explosive mixture is to be formed in the interior of a tank or installation.

It can also be provided that the ignition is started with a delay and, for example, is carried out only when the overpressure in the mixer after the introduction of the starting components has fallen to less than 0.5 bar, in particular to less than 0.25 bar.

The explosion caused by ignition propagates from the mixer through the conveyance line to the outlet and also causes an explosion of the explosive gas mixture in the cylinder shell or cloud after the outlet. In the case of the cylinder shell, it is destroyed during the explosion.

The force of the explosion and the surface oscillated by the shock waves, such as the wall of a tank or a pipe, ensure that wall deposits and slagging are chipped off and thus the surface is cleaned.

The strength of the explosion required for cleanup, and thus the amount of gaseous feedstock used to form the explosive mixture, depends on the type of contamination, as well as the size and type of contaminated tank or plant. The dosage and force of the explosion can be chosen and are preferably chosen so as not to damage the equipment. The possibility of optimal dosing of the substances used reduces, on the one hand, the costs of cleaning, on the other hand, the danger and risk of damage to the system and people. As such, the explosive mixture can also be fed without the use of a mixer directly from a supply device, for example from a pressure vessel, and introduced into a conveying line. However, this alternative solution is generally not considered for security and practical reasons.

The cleaning cycle described above can be divided into different work steps. In the first step, for example, the dosing equipment is opened and the starting components, for example, from pressure vessels, are introduced under pressure into the mixer, mixed with each other therein, and conveyed further to the outlet in the form of an explosive mixture via a conveying line.

After a predetermined amount of starting components has been entered into the inlet or mixer, the dosing equipment is closed again. Immediately afterwards, in an additional step, ignition is activated and the resulting total volume of the explosive mixture is brought to an explosion.

After the explosion, by re-opening the dosing equipment in a subsequent step, an explosive mixture can be formed again.

The transport channel is preferably flushed with a purge gas after the explosion and before a new cleaning cycle. Purging (purging) the conveying channel serves to remove residues such as water vapor and combustion gases from the conveying channel. Purging can be done with air or oxygen.

In addition, purging the transport channel may also include cooling. To this end, a liquid cooling medium, such as water, can additionally be supplied to the conveying channel of the conveying hose. The cooling medium is introduced into the transport channel, in particular through a suitable inlet, such as an inlet, on the inlet device or mixer. However, it is also possible for the coolant to be introduced into the transport channel through an inlet, such as an inlet, on the transport hose.

The inlet for the coolant, as seen downstream, is located in particular after the igniter. This prevents unwanted wetting of the igniter.

The supply of a liquid cooling medium to the conveying channel is particularly suitable when the hose or the wall forming the conveying channel is impervious to liquids such as water and in particular forms a smooth inner wall, as is the case, for example, in a hose plastic, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

The supply of liquid cooling medium to the transport channel serves in particular to protect the hose, in particular if it is made of plastic, from excessive thermal stress.

Thus, for example, a liquid cooling medium can be introduced into the transport channel immediately after ignition in order to cool the hose. The amount of coolant supplied is kept small, since, in essence, as much as possible must be introduced into the plant

- 10 040254 less moisture. The supplied liquid cooling medium, in particular, evaporates and thereby removes heat from the surroundings. Thus, for example, the liquid cooling medium can only be supplied for a time of 0.1 to 1 s, more preferably 0.1 s. In this way, the service life of the plastic hose can be greatly increased. The supply of liquid coolant to the transport channel can also be used in case of undesirable, but not always preventable, backfires. Such backfires are detected in a timely manner, for example by means of the sensors described below. The supply of a liquid cooling medium also serves here for the direct cooling of the hose forming the transport channel and thus for protecting it from excessive heat stress.

The supply of liquid cooling medium to the conveying channel can be carried out before and/or during the flushing of the conveying channel with purge gas. The supply of liquid cooling medium to the transport channel, among other things, can also be carried out independently of purging the transport channel with a purge gas.

A temperature sensor may be located in the inlet or mixer to monitor the cleaning cycle. This temperature sensor is located in particular in the mixing zone. The temperature sensor detects the temperature values in the inlet or mixer or in the mixing zone.

A pressure sensor may also be located in the inlet or mixer to monitor the cleaning cycle. The pressure sensor is in particular located in the feed channel of the first feedstock (fuel) or the second feedstock (oxidizer) upstream of the mixing zone in the direction of flow. The pressure sensor determines the pressure values in the supply channel. Both sensors serve, in particular, for the timely detection of backfires. Backfires occur when an explosive mixture spontaneously ignites in the region of an outlet or in a transport line. The explosive mixture is thus ignited from the outlet back into the mixing zone. As a result of backfire, correspondingly high pressures and temperatures can occur in the mixer, which can be detected by a pressure sensor or a temperature sensor. Backfire can already occur during the supply of the original components in the inlet device or mixer. To prevent possible damage to the inlet or mixer or feeder, it is important to promptly close the dosing equipment or associated valves in the event of a flashback.

The pressure sensor or temperature sensor is connected to the control device. In particular, the control device comprises a firmware control (SPS control). The control device analyzes the sensor data and promptly transmits the appropriate steps when a backfire is detected, such as closing the dosing equipment and interrupting the current cleaning cycle. In order to prevent damage to the equipment, so-called non-return valves can be located in the inlet or mixer downstream of the dosing equipment. They ensure that the pressure pulse caused by flashback does not affect or damage the dosing equipment. The device may additionally comprise insertion means that facilitate or enable insertion of the transfer hose into the interior of the tank or plant.

Since the transport hose does not have internal stability transverse to its longitudinal direction, it is difficult to insert it into the interior of the tank or plant. Thus, under certain circumstances, the conveying hose must be inserted or guided manually by personnel located in the interior of the tank or installation. However, this is not always possible or desirable.

Thus, the transport hose must be led, for example, through hard-to-reach intermediate spaces in order to bring it into the interior to be cleaned. Since the passage holes can be arranged offset from one another, it is virtually impossible to guide the transport hose straight through the intermediate space. To this end, in the first embodiment of the insertion means, the device may comprise a flexible pipe, by means of which a transport hose can be led through passages in the interior of the tank or installation to be cleaned. To this end, the flexible pipe forms, in particular, a closed guide channel. A transport hose is guided through this guide channel.

The flexible pipe is characterized in particular in that although it is flexible, it is semi-rigid. Due to this, the flexible pipe can be bent away from its longitudinal axis, however, it remains in its bent position also under the influence of gravity. The flexible pipe is in particular made of a metal such as steel. The flexible pipe may be, for example, a spiral metal hose.

Thus, the flexible pipe can be laid once by the operator and bent appropriately according to the path of the insertion path. If the flexible pipe is laid once and covers, for example, an intermediate space, then the transport hose can be passed through the flexible pipe and taken out again an arbitrary number of times. This is particularly important in view of the fact that the transport hose, when using the balloon shell, must be taken out of the interior again and inserted into it for each cleaning process in order to secure the new balloon shell.

Additionally, it may be necessary to introduce the transport hose from the side to varying degrees deep into the interior of the tank or installation. This is also not possible without an insertion means, since the transport hose is deflected without being guided by gravity from its lateral direction of insertion. In addition, in the second embodiment of the insertion means, the device may comprise an insertion tube, by means of which it is possible to introduce the transport hose through the opening into the interior of the tank or installation to be cleaned. The insertion tube also forms, in particular, a closed guide channel. The insertion depth of the transport hose can be determined by the insertion position of the insert pipe.

The insertion tube is made, in particular, straight. The insert tube is in particular made of a metal such as steel.

The insertion tube can have, on its opening on the cleaning side, an arcuate support element directed downwards for the transport hose. The arched support element serves as a kink protection and must prevent the transport hose from bending downwards.

The flexible pipe and insert pipe may have a cooling device for cooling the transport hose in the interior of the flexible pipe or insert pipe. Thus, the flexible pipe or liner can be double-walled and have an annular cooling channel surrounding the guide channel. A cooling medium such as water is supplied to the cooling channel.

The flexible pipe or insertion pipe may have a connection device, such as a connection pipe, for connecting the supply line for the cooling medium and for supplying the cooling medium to the cooling channel.

To accommodate the conveying hose with the container shell in the interior of the tank or installation being cleaned, a rope traction system can be used, by means of which the conveying hose with the balloon shell or with an outlet can be vertically raised and/or lowered in the inner space. In addition, the cable traction system can also be designed so that the conveying hose with the container sheath or outlet can be horizontally displaced in the interior space. The cable traction system in particular comprises one or more flexible traction means and one or more deflection rollers. The flexible traction means may be a rope, cord, belt, band, rope or chain.

The rope traction system may be in the form of a simple rope system or comprise one.

The rope traction system can be made in the form of a lifting unit or contain it. A rope traction system, in particular in the form of a lifting unit, can also be used to introduce alternative cleaning agents, such as explosives, into the interior of the tank or plant and place it in it.

Thanks to the conveying hose, the device according to the present invention provides long ranges, not achievable until now, without the need to repeatedly move the feeder or dispenser.

The flexible conveying hose can be routed through complex insertion paths into the inside of a tank or plant being cleaned, which is not possible with conventional cleaning lances.

Due to the special construction of the conveying hose, it is very strong despite its flexibility and, depending on the embodiment, it is both pressure-resistant and heat-resistant. The smooth inner wall of the transport channel also makes it possible to transport the explosive mixture over long distances without significant pressure loss. Since, unlike conventional cleaning lances, the inlet or mixer is no longer located on a handle such as the lance body, but rather upstream of the transport hose in the direction of flow, use is greatly simplified. Thus, a handle-shaped body of a lance without an inlet or mixer weighs much less than a conventional cleaning lance with an inlet or mixer.

According to the present invention, the inlet or mixer no longer needs to be constantly moved like a feeder or a dispenser.

Positioning the inlet or mixer away from the handle also improves safety because the operator is no longer directly at the inlet or mixer while operating the device. In addition, it should be noted that the inlet or mixer is more vulnerable than the entire system to safety-related damage, which occurs, for example, during backfires.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The drawings, respectively, schematically show FIGS. 1a is a sectional view of a transport hose according to the present invention;

- 12 040254 fig. 1b is a sectional view of the corrugated hose of the transport hose of FIG. 1a;

fig. 1c is a detailed view of the transport hose of FIG. 1a;

fig. 2 is a sectional view of a further embodiment of a transport hose according to the present invention with a cooling channel;

fig. 3a is a sectional view of a further embodiment of a transport hose according to the present invention with a cooling channel;

fig. 3b is a side view of the transport hose of FIG. 3a;

fig. 4 shows an area on the supply side of a cleaning device according to the present invention;

fig. 5a shows the area on the cleaning side of the cleaning device of FIG. 4 according to the first configuration;

fig. 5b shows the area on the cleaning side of the cleaning device of FIG. 4 according to the second configuration;

fig. 6 shows an embodiment of the cleaning device;

fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present invention;

fig. 8 shows a further embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present invention;

fig. 9a shows a further embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present invention;

fig. 9b is a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 9a;

fig. 10a shows a further embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present invention;

fig. 10b is a detailed view of the cleaning device of FIG. 10a from the coiled tubing area;

fig. 11 shows a further embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present invention;

fig. 12 is a side view of a further embodiment of an insert pipe;

fig. 13 is a sectional view of a further embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present invention;

fig. 14a shows a further embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present invention;

fig. 14b is a sectional view of a distribution block according to the embodiment of FIG. 14a.

In the drawings, like parts have substantially the same reference numerals. To understand the invention, some features are not shown in the drawings. The described embodiments are given as an example of the invention and are not limiting.

The transport hose 1.1 shown in FIG. 1a-1c, has an inner winding hose 6 with a metal seam profile. The winding hose 6 forms a transport channel 3 for the explosive mixture. The winding hose 6 forms a smooth inner wall, which is only interrupted by a spirally running groove along which the seam profiles mesh with each other. Free tight connection with each other of the seam profiles gives the coiling hose 6 the necessary flexibility. However, as a result, the winding hose 6 is also not gas-tight.

The necessary gas-tightness is provided by a metal corrugated hose 5 surrounding (concentrically) the winding hose 6. The corrugated hose 5 is undulating to give it the necessary flexibility.

In order to absorb the pressure forces acting radially outward, when they occur during the ignition of the explosive mixture, the braided metal hose 4 surrounds the corrugated hose 5. In addition to the radial pressure forces, the braided hose 4 also absorbs tensile forces acting in the axial direction, i.e. along the longitudinal axis L. The braided hose 4 prevents the winding hose 6 or the corrugated hose 5 from being deformed by said pressure forces or tensile forces.

According to FIG. 1a, the transport hose 1.1 is equipped on the cleaning side with a hose coupling 2, which makes it possible to connect the connecting components to the transport hose 1.1 without the use of tools.

The transport hose 1.1 described is a basic embodiment which does not have a separate cooling duct and thus can only be cooled from the inside by introducing a cooling medium into the transport duct 3.

Since the conveying hose 1.1 is completely made of metal, it is respectively heat-resistant or heat-resistant and, in addition, it is extremely resistant to adverse environmental conditions prevailing in the interior of the tanks or installations to be cleaned, in particular if cleaning is carried out during the operation of the installation .

In FIG. 2 shows an embodiment with a cooling channel 39 based on the basic embodiment of FIG. 1a-1c. Similar to the basic embodiment in FIG. 1a-1c, conveying hose 1.2 comprises an inner winding hose 6, a corrugated hose 5 (concentrically) surrounding the winding hose 6, and a braided hose 4 (concentrically) surrounding the corrugated hose 5. For further details, reference is made to the description of FIG. 1a-1c.

- 13 040254

Unlike the basic embodiment in FIG. 1a-1c, the transport hose 1.2 comprises an additional outer hose 7.1 made of EPDM rubber (concentrically) surrounding the braided hose 4. Said hose 7.1 is liquid-tight.

Since the EPDM outer hose has the elastic properties due to the material and is thus flexible, it does not need to have any particular outer geometry, unlike a coiled hose or a corrugated hose.

Between the outer hose 7.1 and the braided hose 4 there is an annular cooling channel 39 in which the cooling medium 9 can be transported from the end of the transport hose 1.2 on the supply side to its end on the cleaning side.

Connected to the conveying hose 1.2 on the supply side is a mixer 12 (shown only schematically), also forming a conveying channel and a cooling channel connected to the conveying channel 3 and the cooling channel 39 of the conveying hose 1.2. Since the outer EPDM hose 7.1 is only to a limited extent heat or heat resistant, this embodiment of the transport hose 1.2 is not suitable for insertion into the hot interior of the tank or plant to be cleaned, in particular when they are in operation.

Said transport hose 1.2 is used in particular for use as a line extension outside the interior space to be cleaned or for applications in suitably cooled interior spaces of tanks or structures to be cleaned.

In FIG. 3a-3b show a further embodiment of the transport hose 1.3, also based on the basic embodiment of FIG. 1a-1c and forming a cooling channel 39.

The embodiment in FIG. 3a-3b differs from the embodiment in FIG. 2 in that the outer hose 7.2 is not made of plastic, but is a corrugated metal hose. The outer corrugated hose 7.2 can be made in the same way as the corrugated hose 5, which surrounds the winding hose 6 and provides the necessary gas tightness. Correspondingly, the corrugated hose 7.2 is also liquid-tight.

Between the outer corrugated hose 7.2 and the braided hose 4, respectively, an annular cooling channel 39 is also made.

Since this conveying hose 1.3 with cooling channel 39 is entirely made of metal, it is accordingly heat and heat resistant and can be used for high temperature applications in the hot interiors of tanks to be cleaned or installations that are, for example, in operation. Connected to the conveying hose 1.3 on the supply side is a mixer 12 (shown only schematically), also forming a conveying channel and a cooling channel connected to the conveying channel 3 and the cooling channel 39 of the conveying hose 1.3.

In FIG. 3b shows a construction typical of a (cooled) transport hose 1.3 which is to be introduced into the interior of the tank or plant to be cleaned. At the end of the transport hose 1.3 on the cleaning side, a cylinder connector 38 is attached, on which the cylinder shell 8 is mounted. The cylinder connector 38 has a transport channel with an outlet on the cleaning side, through which the explosive mixture is led from the transport hose 1.3 into the shell 8 of the cylinder.

The transport hose 1.3, together with the shell 8 of the cylinder, is inserted into the interior of the tank or installation being cleaned. However, the shell 8 of the cylinder is filled with an explosive mixture only in the interior of the tank or installation being cleaned, which is fed through the transport channel 3 in the direction S of the flow.

The cooling channel 39 has an outlet at the end of the transport hose 1.3 on the cleaning side, from which the cooling medium 9 exits and cools the connecting component, such as the bottle connector 38 or the bottle shell 8.

In FIG. 4 shows the device 10.1 according to the present invention from the field of the feeder 37. The feeder 37 comprises a dispenser 21 with dispenser tanks 22, 23 for supplying the first and second starting component to a mixer 12 connected downstream to the dispenser 21 to form an explosive mixture. The first and second initial components are fed into the mixer 12 through the supply lines 17, 18. In turn, the corresponding initial components are fed into the tanks 22, 23 of the dispenser through the supply lines 27, 28 from the compressed gas cylinders 25, 26, not built into the dispenser 21 The dispenser 21 is designed as a movable device on rollers, which can facilitate the use of the device 10.1 in the plant.

In addition, water and compressed air are supplied to the dispenser 21 from the outside through the corresponding supply lines 29, 30. These components are necessary for the formation of a cooling medium.

Additionally, the dispenser also has a connecting line 36 to an external power supply for power supply. In addition, the dispenser 21 has a control device 24 for controlling the cleaning method. With the help of the control device 24, among other things, the supply of the initial components to the mixer 12 is controlled.

- 14 040254

A mixer 12 is connected downstream to the dispenser 21. Through the first supply line 17, the first component in the form of a gaseous combustible, such as ethylene, is introduced into the first supply channel 14 of the mixer 12.

Through the second supply line 18, the second component is introduced into the second supply channel 15 of the mixer 12 in the form of a gaseous oxidizing agent, such as oxygen. Both supply channels 14, 15 exit in a mixing zone 13 in which both components are mixed to form an explosive gaseous mixture. Downstream to the mixer 12 is connected a conveying hose 1.2 connected to the mixer 12 by means of a swivel 11. The explosive mixture is introduced from the mixing zone 13 through the conveying channel into the conveying channel 3 of the conveying hose 1.2 attached to it.

In the present embodiment, the second supply channel 15 is laid annularly around the first supply channel 14. However, this arrangement is not mandatory.

The mixer 12 further comprises an igniter 31 with an effective ignition component located in the mixing zone 13 or after the mixing zone. The ignition device 31 is connected to the dispenser 21 or to the corresponding control device 24 via the connecting line 32. The ignition device 31 or the ignition element is controlled by the control device 24.

The mixer 12 additionally contains a cooling channel 16 laid annularly around the mixing zone 13 or around the conveying channel of the mixer 12 attached to it.

The cooling channel 16 is connected to the cooling channel 39 of the conveying hose 1.2 by means of a swivel element 11 .

The cooling medium 9 consists of water and air supplied, respectively, through separate supply lines 19, 20 from the dispenser 21 to the cooling channel 16. The supply of the cooling medium 9 is also controlled by the control device 24.

Even if the mixer 12 has a cooling device, transport hoses can also be connected that do not contain a cooling channel 39 for introducing a cooling medium 9. In this case, no cooling medium 9 is simply supplied to the mixer 12. On both supply channels 14, 15, respectively, a check valve 33 is provided which can prevent pressure pulses downstream from the mixer 12 from entering the feed lines 17, 18 of the feed components.

Additionally, a temperature sensor 35 is located in the mixing zone, which can detect deviations in temperature changes during the cleaning cycle.

For the same purpose, a pressure sensor 34 is located in the first supply channel 14 upstream of the mixing zone 13 in the flow direction S. It can detect deviations in pressure changes during the cleaning cycle. Such deviations occur, for example, in so-called backfires.

Since the pressure sensors are extremely sensitive, it is located in the flow line 14 where any pressure pulses are attenuated with respect to the mixing zone 13 and thus cannot damage the pressure sensor 34.

In FIG. 5a and 5b show the device 10.1 according to the present invention from the area on the cleaning side in two configurations. In both cases, the device 10.1 comprises a transport hose 1.2 connected on the supply side to the mixer 12 (see FIG. 4).

According to the first configuration in FIG. 5a, at the end of the conveying hose 1.2 on the cleaning side, a container connection component 38 is connected, for example in the form of a connecting pipe, on which the container shell 8 is fixed. This configuration is described above in the context of FIG. 3b. A reference is made to the corresponding description.

According to this configuration, the transport hose 1.2, together with the container shell 8, is introduced into the interior of the tank or plant to be cleaned. However, the shell 8 of the cylinder is filled with the explosive mixture only in the internal space supplied through the transport channel 3 in the direction S of the flow.

According to the second configuration in FIG. 5b, a guide tube 42 in the form of a handle is attached to the end of the transport hose 1.2 on the cleaning side.

The guide pipe 42 has a transport channel through which the explosive mixture is conducted from the transport hose 1.3 into the shell 8 of the cylinder. At the end on the cleaning side, the guide tube 42 has a container connector 43 with an outlet on which the container shell 8 is mounted.

According to this configuration, only the guide tube 42 with the bottle shell 8, and not the transport hose 1.2, is introduced into the interior of the tank or plant to be cleaned. However, the shell 8 of the cylinder is filled with the explosive mixture only in the internal space supplied through the transport channel 3 in the direction S of the flow.

In both configurations, the guide tube 42 and the bottle connector 38 are respectively connected to the transport hose 1.2 by a hose coupling 44. Thus, either the guide tube 42 or the bottle connector 38 can be optionally attached to the end of the hose.

The cooling channel 39 of the conveying hose 1.2 is connected to the conveying channel of the guide tube 42 by means of a hose coupling at the end of the conveying hose 1.3 on the cleaning side. The cooling medium is accordingly led from the transport hose 1.2 through the guide pipe 42 and leaves it through the outlet on the cleaning side. The exiting coolant 9 cools the container shell 8 and optionally the container connector 43 on the guide tube 42. If shown in FIG. 4, 5a-5b the device 10.1 is used with the cooling medium 9, the transport hose 1.2 in FIG. 2 or the transport hose 1.3 in FIG. 3a-3b. However, the device 10.1 can also be used without coolant 9, so that the transport hose 1.1 in FIG. 1a-1c.

In FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a device 10.2 according to the present invention. Device 10.2 has the construction of device 10.1 according to FIG. 4 on the feed side and the structure of the device according to FIG. 5b on the cleaning side. At this point, repetition of the device description is omitted and reference is made to the relevant parts of the description with respect to FIG. 4, 5b. As follows from FIG. 6, to clean the internal space 52.1 of the installation 51.1, only the guide tube 42, made in the form of a handle, is inserted into the internal space 52.1, together with the shell 8 of the cylinder.

The transport hose 1.1, which has the function of extending the line, is located outside the internal space to be cleaned and can cover the distance between the dispenser 21 or mixer 12 and the working opening of the installation. Accordingly, the transport hose 1.1 does not need to be cooled. Despite this, in addition to the non-cooled transport hose 1.1 according to FIG. 1a-1c, the refrigerated conveying hose 1.2, 1.3 can also be used, in particular for cooling the container shell 8 in high temperature applications, as described in FIG. 2, 3a3b. Since the operation of the cooled transport hose 1.2 according to FIG. 2 is simpler than the cooled transport hose 1.3 according to FIG. 3a-3b, this configuration rather uses the transport hose 1.2 according to FIG. 2. In FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the device 10.3 according to the present invention. The device 10.3 has the structure of the device 10.1 according to FIG. 4 on the feed side and the structure of the device according to FIG. 5a on the cleaning side. At this point, repetition of the device description is omitted, with reference to the relevant parts of the description with respect to FIG. 4, 5a.

As follows from FIG. 7, to clean the interior space 52.2 of the installation 51.2, a transport hose 1.3 is inserted into the interior space 52.2 to be cleaned, together with the shell 8 of the cylinder. The transport hose 1.3 is made according to FIG. 3a-3b and has cooling. At this point, the repetition of the description of the transport hose 1.3 is omitted and reference is made to the relevant parts of the description with respect to FIG. 3a-3b. If, however, the interior space 52.2 to be cleaned is cooled because the plant is not in operation for cleaning, then in addition to the cooled transport hose 1.3 according to FIG. 3a-3b, the uncooled transport hose 1.1 according to FIG. 1a-1c. Additionally, the transport hose 1.2 in FIG. 2. This also applies to the embodiments of FIG. 8, 9, 10a-10b and 11.

Device 10.3 differs from device 10.2 in FIG. 6 with the missing handle in the form of a guide tube 42, by means of which the container shell 8 can be placed in the inner space 52.2.

Instead, a traction rope system 80.1 is used with a traction rope 81 and a deflection roller 82, by means of which the conveying hose with the cylinder sheath 8 can be raised or lowered outside the plant 51.2 from above to a cleaning position. The deflecting roller is located outside the unit 51.2 above the interior space 52.2 to be cleaned. The traction rope 81 is introduced into the inner space 52.2 through an opening above the inner space 52.2 to be cleaned.

In FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of the device 10.4 according to the present invention. Device 10.4 differs from device 10.3 according to FIG. 7 only in the design of the cable traction system 80.2.

The rope traction system 80.2 includes a deflection roller 82 located in the ceiling region of the interior space 52.3 and a deflection roller 82 located on the lower part of the interior space 52.3, which allow the traction rope 81 to be passed through an opening in the lower region of the interior space 52.2. Thanks to both deflection rollers 82, the conveying hose 1.3 with the container shell 8 (in this case not yet expanded) can be raised and lowered in the interior 52.2 through the lower opening by means of a traction rope 81 deflected by means of both deflection rollers 82.

In FIG. 9a shows a further embodiment of the device 10.5 according to the present invention. Device 10.5 differs from device 10.3 and 10.4 according to FIG. 7 and 8 are also only in the design of the cable traction system 80.3.

The basic design of the 80.3 rope traction system corresponds to the 80.2 rope traction system. Unlike FIG. 8 here the deflecting roller 82 located in the area of the ceiling of the interior space 52.4 is not rigidly mounted. On the contrary, said deflecting roller 82 is fixed on a guide rope 83 oriented essentially horizontally and can move horizontally with it.

The guide rope 83, like the traction rope 81, can also be controlled from the bottom hole. In this way, the conveying hose 1.3 with the container shell 8 can be raised and lowered through the lower opening by means of the hauling rope 81 in the interior 52.4 of the installation 51.4. In addition, the conveying hose 1.3 with the container shell 8 can be moved horizontally by means of a guide cable 83. Thus, with the conveying hose 1.3, each location in the interior space 52.4 to be cleaned can be reached.

It is contemplated that rope traction systems which are designed differently are also possible. It is also possible to use lifting blocks as a special form of rope traction system.

In FIG. 9b shows an alternative solution for the cable traction system according to FIG. 9a. Instead of a deflecting roller located on the lower part of the inner space 52.4, the device 10.6 comprises an insertion means with a 90° curvature, made in the form of a flexible tube 70.1, by means of which the transport hose 1.3 is deflected vertically upwards from the horizontal insertion direction. The design of the flexible pipe 70.1 and its properties are described in detail in the general part of the description to which reference is made.

Devices 10.7-10.8 according to FIG. 10a-10b, 11, 12 each comprise an insertion means for transporting the hose 1.3 into the interior 52.5, 52.6 of the installation 51.5, 51.6. The design of the transport hose 1.3 is of secondary importance in this regard.

In FIG. 10a-10b show an insertion means in the form of a flexible tube 70.2. The design of the flexible pipe 70.2 and its properties are described in detail in the general part of the description, to which reference is made.

According to FIG. 10a-10b, the conveying hose 1.3 must be led into the interior 52.5 of the installation 51.5 to be cleaned from above through the intermediate space 53. Since the through-holes are horizontally offset from each other, the conveying hose 1.3 cannot be lowered vertically into the interior 52.5. In this case, coiled tubing 70.2 is used once between both passages in the intermediate space 53. Optionally, the coiled tubing 70.2 should be drawn longitudinally in the intermediate space 53 away from the passages so that it has an arcuate path.

Thus, in order to clean the interior space 52.5, the conveying hose 1.3 can be inserted without much effort into the interior space 52.5 or lowered and pulled out again through the intermediate space 53 by means of the flexible tube 70.2. The flexible tube 70.2 has the advantage that, in order to replace the canister shell 8, the transport hose 1.3 can be pulled out of the inner space 52.5 and re-introduced through the flexible tube 70.2 for each cleaning cycle an arbitrary number of times. In this case, there is no need for manual passage of the transport hose 1.3 each time by the auxiliary personnel located in the intermediate space 53.

According to the embodiment in FIG. 11, 12 the transport hose 1.3 with the shell 8 of the cylinder is inserted from the side through the side hole into the interior 52.6 of the installation 51.6 being cleaned. However, the length of the horizontal entry is limited in configurations without a guide tube, as shown in FIG. 3b and 5a. In addition, there is a risk of breakage of the transport hose 1.3 during insertion.

In this case, an insert pipe 60.1 is used, which is moved in one section through the opening into the interior 52.6. The construction of the insert pipe 60.1 and its properties are described in detail in the general part of the description to which reference is made.

The transport hose 1.3 is guided through the closed guide channel 63 of the insert pipe 60.1 and guided through it in a horizontal direction. The insertion depth of the transport hose 1.3 can be determined by the insertion position of the insert pipe 60.1. In addition, the insert tube 60.1 has on its opening on the cleaning side a downwardly directed arcuate support element 61 for the transport hose 1.3. The arcuate support element 61 forms a kink protection for the transport hose 1.3.

Shown in FIG. 12, the insert pipe 60.2 is characterized by a cooling device for cooling the insert pipe 60.2. The insertion tube 60.2 forms a cooling channel 64 arranged annularly around the guide channel 63, into which a cooling medium 9 is supplied via a connection pipe 62. The cooling medium 9 can flow out of the outlet on the cleaning side. A closed cooling circuit can also be used.

Shown in FIG. 13, an embodiment of the device according to the present invention comprises an inlet or mixer 101, only partly shown. The structure of the inlet or mixer 101 can be made except for the supply of a cooling medium, similar to the embodiment in FIG. 4. The inlet or mixer 101 includes an inlet 95 for supplying a coolant 103 to a transport channel 93. The inlet 95 is located downstream of an igniter (not shown).

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To inlet or mixer 101 via swivel hose coupling

105 a transport hose 91 is attached. The transport hose 91 has a hose seal 97 against the hose coupling 105.

At the end of the transport hose 91 on the cleaning side, a guide tube 100 is connected to the transport hose 91 by a hose coupling 106. The guide tube forms an outlet for the explosive mixture. Additionally, the transport hose 91 has a hose seal 98 in front of the hose coupling 106.

The transport hose 91 includes an inner plastic hose 92 defining a transport channel 93. The plastic hose 92 is surrounded by a corrugated hose 94 made of metal such as steel or plastic, which together form an annular cooling channel 107. The corrugated hose 94 is in turn surrounded by a protective hose 104, for example , in the form of a braided hose. Through the inlet 96 on the transport hose 91, the cooling medium can be fed into the cooling channel 107 and transported towards the end of the cleaning device on the cleaning side.

In the area of the hose coupling 98 on the cleaning side of the conveying hose 91 there is a non-return valve 99 through which the coolant can be introduced into the conveying channel 93. In this way, the cooling medium 102 flows in the area of the hose coupling 98 on the cleaning side to the inside of the guide tube 100 and can cool it from the inside. Instead of the connection pipe 95, the cooling medium 103 can be introduced into the transport channel 93 on the intake device or on the mixer 101, similar to the embodiment in FIG. 4.

Shown in FIG. 14a, 14b, an embodiment of a cleaning device according to the invention with a feeder or dispenser 202, an inlet or mixer 203 and a transport hose 204 finds particular application in waste heat boilers 200 with horizontally extending tube bundles 206 located, for example, behind the gas turbine or internal combustion engine in a combined cycle plant or in a thermal power plant. The task of such waste heat boilers 200 is to use the hot exhaust gases from the upstream process to produce steam or, more rarely, also to produce hot water.

However, the present embodiment is also generally applicable to the interiors of tanks and plants being cleaned.

Waste heat boilers 200 with horizontal tube bundles 206 have the disadvantage during their cleaning that the transport hose with the cylinder jacket cannot be lowered from top to bottom, as in the case of vertically extending tube bundles, and thus placed at different places in the internal space ( see, for example, Fig. 10b).

For complete and consistent cleaning of the horizontal tube bundles, the cleaning lance or lance body or transport hose with cylinder sheath must be manually reinstalled at each cleaning step through the side access hole in the interior of the recovery boiler 200 at different cleaning points between the tube bundles 206.

To do this, the operator needs to descend again each time into the interior 201 of the recovery boiler 200 and install the cleaning device with the cylinder shell in a new location in order to perform an additional cleaning step.

This is extremely laborious and difficult, and also time consuming. In addition, each purification step, i.e. explosion associated with the formation of dust. Therefore, the operator cannot immediately start the next cleaning step, but must wait to enter the interior 201 of the recovery boiler 200 until the generation of dust stops. This further delays cleaning.

According to the present embodiment, a distribution block 205 is connected to the end of the conveying hose 204 on the cleaning side by a coupling, such as a hose coupling. Distribution block 205 has a plurality of outlets, in this case five or six, for parallel connection of installation hoses 207a-207f. In this case, respectively, using a coupling, such as a hose coupling, one installation hose 207a-207f is detachably connected to each outlet.

The couplings disclosed in the context of this embodiment are made, in particular, in the form of a quick coupling. While the transport hose 204 with the distribution block 205 is located outside the tank or waste heat boiler 200 to be cleaned, the installation hoses 207a207f are led into the interior 201 of the tank. On the installation hoses 207a-207f, in particular at their ends on the cleaning side, a container sheath 209a-209f is attached in each case. This can be done with a connector component.

The canister shells 209a-209f on the individual installation hoses 207a-207f can now be placed at various locations within the vessel interior 201, in particular at various locations between the two horizontal tube bundles of the recovery boiler 200.

To this end, the installation hoses 207a-207f can be made in different lengths. Each setting hose 207a-207f connected to the distribution block 205 has a corresponding switchable valve 208a-208f in the distribution block 205. In this way, the explosive mixture can be injected into each setting hose 207a-207f independently of the other setting hoses.

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Claims (31)

207a-207f, wherein the canister shell 209a-209f may be provided with or filled with an explosive mixture. Explosive mixture is supplied from the transport hose 204 to the distribution block 205. Valves 208a-208f can be switched using a control device. Thus, the described cleaning device allows a plurality of installation hoses 207a-207f, respectively, with an attached container shell 209a-209f, to be placed in the interior space 201 of the tank at different locations in the same process. After the installation hoses 207a-207f with the canister shells 209a-209f are placed, the canister shells 209a-209f are supplied or filled with explosive mixture in sequential order through the installation hoses 207a-207f and are driven in a controlled manner to explode. Accordingly, a number of purification steps are performed in sequential order. In this case, it is no longer necessary to enter the inner space 201 of the tank between the individual cleaning steps. However, it is also possible to simultaneously fill with an explosive mixture several or even all of the installation hoses, whereby, respectively, several or all of the cylinder shells 209a-209f can be simultaneously supplied or filled with an explosive mixture and caused to explode. In this case, several or all of the installation hoses can be filled with an explosive mixture also through a common control valve in the distribution block. According to an alternative embodiment, the use of a distribution block is eliminated. In order to carry out a successive series of cleaning steps, the installation hoses are connected, on the contrary, one after the other, i.e. sequentially, manually using one coupling with the transport hose and after completion of the cleaning step, respectively, again disconnected from it. CLAIM 1. A device (10.1-10.8) for removing deposits in the internal spaces (52.1-52.6) of tanks or installations (51.1-51.6) using explosive technology, containing a feeder (37) for supplying an explosive mixture or its initial components, a transport line (1.2 -1.3, 91) connected to the feeder (37) for transporting the explosive mixture to the place of cleaning and the mixer (12) for the formation of an explosive mixture of at least two initial components supplied by the feeder (37), located between the feeder ( 37) and a conveying line (1.2-1.3, 91), characterized in that the conveying line (1.2-1.3, 91) is made, at least partially, in the form of a conveying hose, and the conveying hose (1.2-1.3) is made multilayer and contains a pressure-resistant first hose (4, 94) and an inner second hose (5, 92) surrounded by the first hose (4, 94) and being gas-tight. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second gas-tight hose (5, 92) consists of or contains plastic. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second gas-tight hose (92) forms a transport channel (93) for the explosive mixture. 4. Device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an annular cooling channel is provided between the first and second hose (94, 92). 5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first hose (4) is made of metal. 6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first hose (4) is a braided hose. 7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second hose (5) is a corrugated hose, in particular made of metal. 8. The device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the transport hose (1.2-1.3) contains an inner third hose (6) surrounded by a second hose (5), the inner wall of which has a lower roughness compared to the second hose ( 5). 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the third hose (6) is a winding hose. 10. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the transport hose (1.2-1.3) has an external fourth hose (7.1, 7.2) surrounding the first hose (4) and made impervious to liquid, and between the first (4 ) and the fourth hose (7.1, 7.2) has an annular cooling channel (39) for the cooling medium. 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the fourth hose (7.2) is a corrugated hose. 12. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the fourth hose (7.1) is a plastic hose. 13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the plastic hose (7) is made of or contains an elastomer such as ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM). 14. The device according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that between the supply device (37) and the transport hose (1.1-1.3) there is an inlet device (12), in particular, with a dosing - 19 040254 with equipment, for the dosed introduction in a controlled way of the initial components or explosive mixture into the transport hose (1.1-1.3). 15. Device according to claim 1 or 14, characterized in that the inlet or mixer (12) contains an ignition device (31) for igniting the explosive mixture. 16. The device according to any one of claims 1, 14, 15, characterized in that the inlet device or mixer (12) contains at least one temperature sensor (35) located, in particular, in the mixing zone (13), for measuring temperature, in particular in the mixing zone (13). 17. The device according to any one of claims 1, 14-16, characterized in that the inlet device or mixer (12) contains at least one pressure sensor (34), located, in particular, upstream of the mixing zone (13) in the direction (S) of the flow, to measure the pressure, in particular upstream of the mixing zone (13). 18. The device according to any one of claims 1-17, characterized in that the device (10.1-10.8), respectively, contains dosing equipment for dosed introduction of a gaseous mixture or its initial components, while the dosing equipment is located in the dispenser (21) / dispenser (21) or in the inlet or mixer (12). 19. The device according to any one of claims 1, 14-17, characterized in that the inlet device or mixer (12) contains dosing equipment located on the supply lines (17, 18) of the initial components, in particular, upstream of the mixing zone (13) in the direction (S) of the flow. 20. The device according to any one of claims 1, 14-19, characterized in that the inlet device or mixer (12) contains check valves (33) located on the supply lines (17, 18) of the initial components, in particular, upstream from the mixing zone (13) in the direction (S) of the flow. 21. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the feeding device (37) contains a dispenser (21) for metered supply of an explosive mixture or its initial components. 22. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that at the end of the transport hose (1.1-1.3) on the cleaning side there is a hose coupling (44) for connecting, in particular without tools, the connecting component (38, 42). 23. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the transport hose (1.1-1.3) is rotatably connected on the supply side by means of an articulated element (11) to a component of the device (10.1-10.8), in particular to inlet or mixer (12). 24. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that a guide tube (42) is located at the end of the transport hose (1.1-1.3) on the cleaning side. 25. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that at the end of the conveying hose (1.1-1.3) on the cleaning side there is a container connector (38) for attaching the container shell (8). 26. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that one or more installation hoses (207a-207f) are connected directly or indirectly to the end of the transport hose (204) on the cleaning side. 27. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the device comprises a flexible tube (70.1-70.2) by means of which it is possible to pass a transport hose (1.11.3) through passages in the interior (52.5) of the tank to be cleaned, or installations (51.1). 28. The device according to any one of claims 1-27, characterized in that the device (10.1-10.8) contains an insert pipe (60), through which it is possible to enter the transport hose (1.1-1.3) through the hole into the internal space (52.6) of the subject cleaning the tank or installation (51.5), moreover, by means of the insertion position of the insert pipe (60), it is possible to determine the horizontal depth of insertion of the transport hose (1.1-1.3) into the internal space (52.6). 29. A method for removing deposits in the internal spaces (52.1-52.6) of tanks and installations (51.1-51.6) using explosive technology using a device (10.1-10.8) according to paragraphs 1-28, containing the steps: supply of gaseous explosive mixture in the conveying line (1.2-1.3); transporting the gaseous explosive mixture to the outlet of the conveying line (1.2-1.3) on the cleaning side; controlled ignition of the explosive mixture by means of an igniter (31), whereby the explosive mixture is caused to explode. 30. The method according to claim 29, characterized by the following steps: fixing the shell (8) of the cylinder on the outlet of the conveying line (1.2-1.3) on the cleaning side; filling the shell (8) of the cylinder with an explosive mixture exiting through the outlet of the conveying line (1.2-1.3) on the cleaning side. 31. The method according to claim 29, characterized by the following steps: -