EA039973B1 - RAILWAY HUB - Google Patents

Description

Field of invention

The proposed invention relates to a solution for freight cars, which contains a railway assembly of two or more pairs of sliding wheels with the same torque.

In particular, the proposed invention relates to a railway unit for adapting to gauges of different gauges, containing pairs of wheels connected by a fixed axle, in which each wheel contains a device that, due to its design, allows rotation, as well as axial movement of the wheel after the start of a change in gauge , and in which an externally fixed transmission device, the lower part of which is axially movable, transmits a synchronized torque between the axles of each of the wheels of the specified pair of wheels of the railway assembly.

State of the art

At present, a large number of railway junctions are known and used for traveling on tracks having different gauges, with cars like that described in the document ES2353415 belonging to the applicant of the present application, and in this document an extendable bogie with a device for changing the gauge is described, in which the pairs of wheels are connected by means of a rotating rather than a fixed axle, and in the outer regions containing the bearing parts for the suspension springs of the platform on which the pairs of wheels are assembled.

Document ES2151871 discloses a self-propelled rolling stock extendable bogie that comprises at least one fixed axle that does not rotate, and in which auxiliary boxes are located that allow movement of the axle only in the vertical direction, and sliding bushings holding wheels with the possibility of axial sliding on the specified axle, while these wheels do not transmit the same torque.

ES2130039, owned by the Applicant of the present application, discloses a railway axle assembly comprising an automatic gauge change device and adaptable to known freight bogies.

Said railway axle assembly contains two independent rolling element assemblies that do not have a single torque.

Document ES2428239 discloses a railway device with automatic changeover to multi-track. The wheels of this railway device, assembled on an axle, contain several bearings that allow each of the wheels to rotate independently without a single torque. In addition, the specified railway device allows the transition between railway tracks without removing the load from the wheels.

Document ES2204483 discloses a rolling stock self-propelled extendable bogie with pairs of wheels with independent rotation and no single torque. Said pairs of wheels contain bearing arrangements that distribute radial load and independent torque to each of the wheels.

Thus, one or more of the disadvantages of these railway assemblies or bogies is the lack of synchronization between pairs of wheels, which can lead to a decrease in productivity due to the lack of a single torque between the wheels of one pair, significant wear as a result of insufficient strength due to axial and / or radial loads exerted on the railway junction, and insufficient fixation of the wheels during the change of gauge to adapt to a certain gauge.

Thus, there is a need for a more reliable rail junction, which should be able to run on tracks with different gauges, to resist more axial and/or radial load placed on the rail junction during operation, to offer an improved device for fixing or holding the wheel. when changing gauge compared to the state of the art and to ensure synchronized angular velocity between the pairs of wheels of the railway junction.

The proposed invention is aimed at meeting these requirements.

The essence of the invention

Railway assemblies for adapting to different gauges according to the invention solve the aforementioned problems of the state of the art, since they comprise: pairs of wheels connected by a fixed axle, the wheels of each pair of wheels defining the transverse direction, each pair of wheels having a first axle connected to the first a wheel of said pair of wheels, wherein said first axle rotates said wheel on a fixed axle; each pair of wheels has a second axle connected to the second wheel of the pair of wheels, and this second axle provides synchronized rotation of the specified second wheel on a fixed axle.

The railway units according to the invention comprise locking or locking means in combination with axial or thrust bearings that provide force to the radial bearings associated with each of the wheels, ensuring that the position of each of the wheels of the pair of wheels of the sliding assembly is changed and tightly fixed. These locking or locking means provide better fixation of the wheels of the wheel pairs during the change of gauge,

- 1 039973 thereby increasing the strength of the railway unit. Axial or thrust bearings and radial support bearings or bearings are located between each of the rotating devices and the fixed axle.

Railway units in accordance with the invention contain means for changing the gauge of wheels, containing backup locks for each wheel of a pair of wheels, which provide the possibility of changing or fixing the gauge between the wheels of the same pair of wheels, taking into account different gauges, for example, Iberian, European or Russian, in a more reliable and secure way compared to earlier devices. Preferably, the means for changing the track gauge of the wheels for changing on the track are configured to operate with or without wheel load removal.

Additionally, rail junction devices in some embodiments according to the invention may include two or more support shoes between a pair of wheels, which ensures proper distribution of the load supported by the entire rail junction device during a change of gauge between pairs of unloaded wheels.

Thus, railway assemblies in accordance with the invention provide greater strength as a result of the use of the specified locking device in combination with axial bearings, the use of a fixed axle between pairs of wheels, an effective wheel gauge changer with back-up locks, and the inclusion of a transmission device for transmitting rotation between the wheels of the same pair of wheels by using a transmission device.

Description of drawings

To complete the description and for a better understanding of the features of the invention in accordance with its preferred practical embodiment, the drawings are attached as an integral part of the said description, in which, for illustration, without limitation, the following is shown:

fig. 1 shows a plan view of a first railway junction according to the invention;

fig. 2 is a plan view of a second railway junction in accordance with the proposed invention;

fig. 3 - means for changing the width of the wheel track in accordance with the proposed invention;

fig. 4 is a sectional view of the first railway device in accordance with the proposed invention;

Fig. 5 - section of the second railway device in accordance with the proposed invention;

fig. 6 is a sectional view of a third railway device according to the invention.

Preferred embodiment of the invention

As can be seen in these drawings, the object of the proposed invention in the form of a sliding fixed axle is to ensure the change of gauge of the railway unit in a satisfactory manner and increase its strength compared to known devices. Thus, in FIG. 1 shows a first railway junction for adapting to different gauges in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which provides the mentioned advantages. The specified node is formed by pairs of wheels (2). Each pair of wheels (2) contains a fixed axle (1) connecting a pair of wheels (2) that define the transverse direction (3). Each of the wheels of the pair contains an axle that is connected to the specified wheel and ensures its rotation on a fixed axle (1). In addition, a synchronized rotation transmission device (16) is shown. Said transmission device (16) makes it possible to transmit torque between the first axle and the second axle. The transmission device (16) enables the pair of wheels (2) to rotate as a whole.

In FIG. 1 also shows a pair of support shoes (4) for each wheel, which are located in the cover (17) of the axle box (15) together with the fixed axle supports (1) and ensure the correct distribution of the load supported by the railway junction, while each of the support shoes (4 ) is designed to be held on the gauge change platform, called the gauge change device (5), leaving the pair of wheels (2) and their axles in the transverse direction (3) unloaded. If there is a device for changing the gauge without removing the load from pairs of wheels (2), these shoes are not needed; thus, they should be considered as an option.

In FIG. 2 shows another railway junction for adapting to different gauges in accordance with another embodiment of the proposed invention. In this railway junction, the torque transmission device, i.e. the transmission device (16), enables axial movement of one of the axles and is integral with the opposite axle, being simultaneously connected to the wheel of said opposite axle. As in FIG. 1 in FIG. 2 also shows pairs of support shoes (4) located in the cover (17) of the axlebox (15) and made with the possibility of being supported on the platform for changing the gauge, called the device (5) for changing the gauge, leaving the pair of wheels (2) and their axles in the transverse direction (3) without load.

- 2 039973

And the railway junction shown in FIG. 1 and the railway junction shown in FIG. 2, contains locking means (6, 7), which ensure fixation of a pair of wheels (2) in accordance with the transverse direction (3), and means for changing the width of the wheel track between the wheels of each of the pairs (2) in accordance with the transverse direction (3 ).

In FIG. 3 shows the means for changing the wheel gauge for all railway units according to the present invention. Said means for changing the track gauge comprise two double locks (9) with a reserve function for each of the two wheels of said pair of wheels (2), wherein each of said two locks (9) maintains the waiting position by being actuated by means of an internal spring ( 14), while the means for changing the gauge are located in the indicated box (15).

In FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the first railway device associated with the assembly shown in FIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the proposed invention, in which the first locking means (6, 7) provide fixation of the device for changing the gauge, located in the box (15). The present document describes the first locking means for the railway junctions shown in FIG. 1 and 2, and second locking means used in combination with the railway junction shown in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 6, three alternative rail arrangements are thus obtained which provide the advantage described above.

In FIG. 4 shows the first locking means (6, 7) which secure the pair of wheels (2) of the railway assembly shown in FIG. 1 in the transverse direction (3). The specified first locking means (6, 7) for each of the wheels of the pair of wheels (2) contain an external stopper (6) installed on the rod (8) placed in the box (15) and located at the end of the specified rod (8) far from center of the fixed axle (1) and made with the possibility of adjoining to each of the locks (9) shown in FIG. 3.

In addition, the first locking means (6, 7) contain an internal stop (7) made on a rod (8) placed in a box (15) and located at the inner end of said rod (8) close to the center of the fixed axle (1) , and made with the possibility of fixing the axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19). Said locking means (6, 7) are guided by machined flat surfaces on the fixed axle (1) and form a device for preventing transverse rotation on the axle (3).

An axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19) to absorb axial loads and radial support or bearings (11) to absorb radial loads are located between the rotating axle of each of the wheels and the fixed axle (1). An axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19) moves the radial support or main bearings (11) in the axial direction along the sliding strip (13) fixed on the fixed axle (1) (or on the inner ring of the radial support or main bearing (11)) , providing the possibility of changing the position of the wheel and its tight fixation with the help of the slip assembly (12).

In FIG. 5 is a sectional view of said second rail device associated with said second rail junction shown in FIG. 2 in combination with said first locking means according to an embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 5 shows a device (16) for transmitting torque, which provides axial movement of one of the axles and is integral with the opposite axle, simultaneously connected to the wheel of said opposite axle. As in FIG. 4, it can also be seen that said first locking means (6, 7) block the pair of wheels (2). Also, as said first device shown in FIG. 4, an axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19) to absorb axial loads and radial support or bearings (11) to absorb radial loads are located between the rotating axle of each of the wheels and the fixed axle (1). An axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19) moves the radial support or main bearings (11) in the direction of the axis along a sliding strip (13) fixed on the fixed axle (1) (or on the inner ring of the radial support or main bearing (11)), providing the possibility of changing the position of the wheel and its tight fixation with the help of the slip assembly (12).

In FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a third rail device associated with the rail junction shown in FIG. 2, in combination with said second locking means, said third rail device is thus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

The second locking means secure the pair of wheels (2) in accordance with the transverse direction (3); it contains a hub (20) fixed in the outer part of the fixed axle (1) and placed in the box (15). The hub (20) acts as a stop between two locks (9) and one or more ball joints (21) or bushings (22). The hub (20) also functions as a side thrust device towards the thrust or side thrust bearing (10, 19) through the tension shafts (23) acting as retainers between the hub (20) and the thrust or side thrust bearing (10, 19). ).

- 3 039973

The idler shafts (23) act as a rotation prevention device for the axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19), since in this railway assembly the fixed axle (1) has no casting or machining elements, as seen in FIG. 6, that is, this fixed axle (1) does not contain a rod (8), in contrast to the devices shown in FIG. 4 and 5, which allows this railway device to be even much more robust and reliable than the devices described above.

Tension shafts (23) fix the axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19), thus achieving the correct position of said pair of wheels (2), absorbing side loads that are caused by the force of said pair of wheels in the transverse direction (3), and increasing strength and reducing device wear.

In a similar manner to said first locking means (6, 7) shown in FIG. 2, an axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19) to absorb axial loads and radial support or bearings (11) to absorb radial loads are located between the rotating axle of each of the wheels and the fixed axle (1). An axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19) moves the radial support or main bearings (11) in the axial direction along the sliding strip (13) fixed on the fixed axle (1) (or on the inner ring of the radial support or main bearing (11)) , providing a change in the position of the wheel and its tight fixation with the help of the slip assembly (12).

Said pairs of support shoes (4) and bushings (22) or ball joints (21), which ensure the correct distribution of the load that the entire device can withstand, are located in the cover (17) of the axle box (15). These support shoes (4) with a device for changing the track width without unloading the wheels (2) are optional.

Claims (4)

CLAIM 1. Wheel pair adapted to different track widths and containing a fixed axle (1) connecting the wheels (2) of the pair that define the transverse direction (3), the first axle connected to the first wheel of the specified pair of wheels, and the specified first the axle enables the wheel to rotate on the fixed axle (1), the second axle connected to the second wheel of the said pair of wheels, wherein the said second axle enables the second wheel to rotate on the fixed axle (1), and the transmission device (16) driving along at least one of the specified axles, and the transmission device (16) provides the possibility of transmitting torque between the specified first axle and the specified second axle, while the specified wheel pair contains locking means (6, 7), which provide the possibility of fixing the specified pair of wheels (2 ) in accordance with the transverse direction (3), means for changing the track width between the centers of the wheels (2) of the indicated pair in accordance with tie with a transverse direction (3) and at least one pair of support shoes (4), each of which is connected to the axle box (15), and at least one pair of support shoes (4) is made with the possibility of being held on the platform (5) change of gauge so that said pair of wheels (2) and their respective axles in the transverse direction (3) remain unloaded, said means for changing the gauge comprising two double locks (9) for each of said two wheels of said pair of wheels ( 2), wherein each of the said two locks (9) reaches the waiting position under the action of the internal spring (14), while the means for changing the gauge are located in the specified box (15), characterized in that the locking means (6, 7), which fix the specified pair of wheels (2) in accordance with the transverse direction (3), contain an external stopper (6), which is installed on the rod (8) placed in the box (15), located at the end of the specified rod (8), remote from center nep movable axle (1), and is made with the possibility of adjoining to each of the locks (9), and the internal stop (7), which is installed on the rod (8) placed in the box (15), is located at the inner end of the specified rod (8) closest to the center of the fixed axle (1), and is made with the possibility of fixing the axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19), moreover, these locking means (6, 7) are guided by machined flat surfaces on the fixed axle (1) and form a device prevent rotation on the specified axis in the transverse direction (3). 2. Wheel set according to claim 1, in which the transmission device (16) is configured to drive both axles. 3. Wheel pair according to claim 1, in which the locking means (6, 7) that fix said pair of wheels (2) in accordance with the transverse direction (3) also contain - 4 039973 hub (20) fixed on the outer part of the fixed axle (1) and placed in the box (15), and the specified hub (20) works as a stopper between the specified two locks (9) and one or more ball joints (21 ) or bushings (22) and as a side force device towards the axial or side thrust bearing (10, 19) through the tensioning shafts (23) acting as retainers between the hub (20) and the axial or side thrust bearing (10, 19), while said tension shafts (23) act as a rotation prevention device for said side force device. 4. A wheel pair according to claim 1 or 3, in which an axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19) to absorb axial loads and radial support or bearings (11) to absorb radial loads are placed between the rotating axles of each of the wheels and the fixed axle (1), moreover, the axial or lateral thrust bearing (10, 19) moves the radial support, or load-bearing, or roller bearings (11) in the axial direction along the sliding strip (13) fixed in the fixed axle (1), ensuring a change in position each of the said wheels of the said pair of wheels (2) and their tight fixation by means of the sliding assembly (12).