EA038675B1 - Jack knife - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the design of folding knives with a locking mechanism of the liner lock type and its varieties and can be used in their manufacture.

Known knife with two blades that open independently of each other and use the same locking mechanism to fix the blades in the unfolded (unfolded) position. The knife further includes a holding mechanism that holds one or both blades in a folded (closed) position (US20140245616).

In the course of patent research, the following technical solutions in this field of technology were also identified: CN 107866825, CN 1285263, FR 0724506.

In the process of information research, a double-edged folding knife of the Scorpion type was revealed (found on 09/01/2020 on the Internet at http://knifeinfo.ru/neobychnye-nozhi-nozhi-s-dvumyakHnkami.html).

The closest technical solution chosen by the applicant as a prototype is a folding knife, consisting of a handle with dies, which has a central plate with two locking plates spring-loaded in opposite directions, located symmetrically one above the other and folding blades in different directions, hinged in the handle, which are opened from the folded (closed) position with one hand of the user, and are located between the dies and the central plate, and each blade contains a heel with a locking part, which has a radial section interacting with the end face of the corresponding locking plate (US5537750).

The most common drawback of folding knives with a liner lock type locking mechanism, including the prototype, is that at high loads on the blade, the locking plate interacting with it is squeezed out in the direction opposite to the direction of displacement of the locking plate when the blade is fixed in the open (working) position ... In this case, before pushing out the locking plate, it bends and, accordingly, deforms in the zone of its elastic or spring-loaded part. This deformation can lead to displacement of the locking plate, its jamming and the failure of the knife, which is especially evident in knives with thin locking plates (liner).

The technical objective of the invention is to improve the reliability of the locking mechanism of a folding knife with two blades that can be alternately opened with one hand.

The technical result of the invention is to increase reliability due to the redistribution of forces in the contact zone of the locking part of the heel of the blades with the locking plate (liner) of a folding knife with two blades that can be alternately opened with one hand.

An additional technical result is that the claimed design allows to reduce the weight of the knife, because the proposed design allows you to refuse to install backspacers.

The technical problem posed is achieved by the fact that the inventive folding knife consists of a handle with dies, between which a central plate is placed, containing two locking plates spring-loaded in opposite directions, located one above the other and symmetrically to each other, the blades are hinged in the handle with the possibility of opening from the folded (closed) position with one hand of the user and are located between the corresponding dies and the central plate, and each blade contains a heel with a locking part, which has a radial section interacting with the end face of the corresponding locking plate, characterized in that each locking part of the blade heel has an additional thrust area , in this case, the projection of the main view of the thrust and the projection of the main view of the radial section of the blade heel form an angle, the apex of which is facing the blade, and the adjacent angle formed by the projection of the radial section and a line parallel to the axis of displacement of the locking plate passing through the apex of the corner is sharp, while the end face of each locking plate is flat and has a shape that provides simultaneous interaction with the radial and thrust portions of the heel of the corresponding blade through the corresponding contact points, and the radial and thrust portions of the heel of each blade are beveled in the direction of the end face locking plate.

The radial and thrust portions of the heel of each blade are beveled towards the end of the locking plate at an angle of 6-10 °. The projection of the end face of each locking plate and the angle (β) formed by the projections AB and BC of the radial and thrust portions of the blade heel are congruent. An acute adjacent angle (α) has a value from more than 0 ° to less than 90 °. The folding blades are preferably provided with flippers.

Comparison of the proposed technical solution with the prototype shows that it differs in the following features:

each locking part of the blade heel has an additional thrust section;

the projection of the main view of the thrust and the projection of the main view of the radial section of the heel of each blade form an angle, the apex of which is directed towards the blade;

an adjacent angle formed by the projection of the radial portion and by a line parallel to the displacement axis of the locking plate passing through the apex of the angle is acute;

- 1 038675 the end face of each locking plate is flat and has a shape that provides simultaneous interaction with the radial and thrust portions of the heel of the corresponding blade through the corresponding points of contact;

the radial and thrust portions of the heel of each blade are beveled towards the end of the locking plate.

Therefore, it can be assumed that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of novelty.

The claimed technical solution can be manufactured using well-known technological methods and technical means, therefore, it meets the criterion of industrial applicability.

FIG. 1 shows the main view (plan) of a folding knife in the working position with one open blade, without dies, which additionally shows the zone of magnification B and the location of the corresponding force vectors.

FIG. 2 shows a top view of a folding knife with one open blade and dies.

FIG. 3 shows a center plate with two counter-spring loaded locking plates.

FIG. 4 shows a side view of two examples of folding a folding knife - the opening of the blade 1 and the opening of the blade 2, where the arrows indicate the directions of the opening of the blades.

FIG. 5 shows a local view, zone of magnification B.

FIG. 6 shows a section E-E of the contact zone of the abutment portion of the blade heel, made flat, with the corresponding portion of the end face of the locking plate;

FIG. 7 shows a section F-F of the contact zone of the radial section of the blade heel, made flat, with the corresponding section of the end face of the locking plate,

FIG. 8 shows a knife with blades equipped with flippers,

FIG. 9 shows the inventive folding knife in a folded state.

The inventive folding knife contains a blade 1 and a blade 2 (Fig. 1 and 2), mounted pivotally on the axis 3, and is equipped with a handle with a central plate 4 located between the dies 5 and 6. On the blades 1, 2 there are flippers 17, 18 (Fig. . 8) and pins 16, 19 (Fig. 1 and 4). The central plate 4 has two locking plates 7 and 8, spring-loaded in opposite directions (Fig. 3), located symmetrically one above the other and providing fixation of the blades 1, 2 when they are opened in different directions (Fig. 4). The locking mechanisms of both blades 1, 2 are the same, therefore, hereinafter we give a description of the design for blade 1. Blade 1 is made with a fifth 9, having a locking part made in the form of a radial section 10 (Fig. 5) with a flat shape, and a thrust 11 section (Fig. . 5) also having a flat shape, which interact with the end face of the locking plate 8 (liner). The locking plate 8 (liner) is made spring-loaded in section 12 (not completely shown) with the possibility of horizontal movement (in a plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement O-O) located between blades 1 and 2. The end face of the locking plate 8 has sections 13 and 14, which interact with the corresponding radial 10 and thrust 11 sections of the heel 9 of the blade 1 (Fig. 6 and 7). The radial 10 and thrust 11 sections of the heel 9 are beveled at an angle of 6 to 10 °, which ensures reliable operation of the lock connection at the points of contact with the corresponding sections 13, 14 of the end of the locking plate 8. On the side surface of the locking plate 8, a lock 15 is rigidly fixed (Fig. . 6), made in the form of a ball, which, when the knife is folded, is installed in the corresponding hole on the heel 9 (Fig. 1). The course of the blade 1 in the direction opposite to folding is limited by the pin 16. In (Fig. 1), the plan shows the projection BC of the thrust 11 section and the projection AB of the radial section 10, which form an angle β between them. The vertex of the angle β is facing the blade 1 or blade 2. The adjacent angle α formed by the projection AB of the radial 10 section and a line parallel to the axis of displacement O-O of the locking plate 8 passing through the vertex of the angle β is acute. The projection of the end face of the locking plate 8 and the angle formed by the projection BC of the thrust 11 and the projection AB of the radial 10 sections of the heel 9 are congruent.

In the manufacture of a prototype, the following conditions were provided:

locking plate material - corrosion-resistant steel grade 40X13;

angle α - 33 °;

angle β - 116 °;

The device works as follows.

In the folded state, the blades 1, 2 are in the handle (Fig. 9), while the latches 15 keep the blades 1, 2 from falling out of the handle, so the knife cannot spontaneously open (Fig. 5).

To open one blade 1 of a folding knife, it is enough to turn the pin 16 (or press the flipper 17) of the blade 1 with one hand. The blade 1 pivotally rotates on the axis 3 until the stop of the pin 16 with a recess (not shown) in the handle 6 of the handle, while contact of the radial 10 and thrust 11 sections of the heel 9 by means of contact points with the corresponding sections 13, 14 of the end of the locking plate 8.

To close the blade of 1 folding knife, it is necessary to squeeze the spring-loaded locking plate

- 2 038675 well 8, while its end is disengaged with the radial 10 and stubborn 11 sections of the heel 9, and turn the blade 1 until it is fixed in the handle in its original position.

The second blade 2 opens and closes in the same way. The fixing recesses 20 and 21 for the stop pin 19 for the unfolded and folded position of the blade, respectively, are shown (Fig. 4).

Experimental data show that with the claimed design of a folding knife, it is possible to make a knife with a width of the locking zone of one blade up to 1.5-2.0 mm, taking into account the wear of the mating surfaces of the blade heel and the locking plate, which additionally makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the knife and its metal consumption.

Analysis of the known locking mechanism of the liner lock type shows that in the unfolded (unfolded) position of the knife, when the blade is loaded at the point of contact of the radial section of the blade heel and the locking plate, a resultant force arises, which leads to the squeezing of the locking plate from the position of contact with the radial section to the side opposite to the direction of displacement of the locking plate when fixing the blade in the open (working) position, because the radial section is made beveled. At the same time, with great efforts, pressure is exerted along the length of the locking plate, which leads to a loss of stability of the locking plate in the area of its end, and to its deformation in the spring area. Such deformations can render the knife completely unusable.

In the claimed technical solution (Fig. 1) the locking part of the heel 9 of the blade 1 is made in the form of two sections - radial 10, the projection of which in the main view (Fig. 1) is designated AB and the thrust 11 section, the projection of which in the main view (Fig. 5 ) is designated ВС. The presence of two sections for each locking mechanism of blades 1, 2 increases the contact area of their heel 9 with the end face of the locking plate 8. In addition, sections AB and BC are located at an angle to each other, the top of which is turned towards the blade 1, due to this redistribution is achieved part of the force P on the thrust 11 section BC, therefore, taking into account this factor and the increase in the contact area, it becomes more difficult to squeeze out the locking plate 8 in the direction opposite to the direction of displacement of the locking plate when fixing the blade in the unfolded (open) position, it becomes more difficult. It should also be noted that the force P is aimed at lifting the locking plate 8 and this load is taken by the thrust 11 section, therefore, the locking plate 8 is significantly unloaded from the resulting forces, which reduces the likelihood of its deformation.

When conducting patent information research, the claimed set of features was not identified, ensuring the claimed technical result. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the inventive step criterion.

The claimed technical solution improves the reliability of the locking mechanism and the durability (normal operation) of the folding knife by increasing the contact area of the locking part of the blade heel with the end face of the locking plate (liner) and distributed load.

Claims (5)

CLAIM 1. A folding knife, consisting of a handle with dies (5, 6), between which there is a central plate (4) with two locking plates (7, 8) spring-loaded in opposite directions, located one above the other and symmetrically to each other, blades (1 , 2), fixed in the handle and pivotally mounted with the possibility of opening from the folded position with one hand of the user, and located between the corresponding dies (5, 6) and the central plate (4), while each blade (1, 2) contains its own heel ( 9) with a locking part, which has a radial section (10) interacting with the end face of the corresponding locking plate (7, 8), characterized in that each locking part of the heel (9) of the blade (1, 2) has an additional thrust (11) section , while the projection (BC) of the main view of the thrust (11) section and the projection (AB) of the main view of the radial (10) section of the heel (9) of each blade (1, 2) form an angle (β), the apex of which is facing the blade (1 , 2), and the adjacent angle (α), the image oval by the projection (AB) of the radial (10) section and a line parallel to the displacement axis (O-O) of the locking plate (7, 8) passing through the apex of the angle (β), is sharp, the end face of each locking plate (7, 8) is made flat and has a shape that provides simultaneous interaction with the radial (10) and thrust (11) sections of the heel (9) of the corresponding blade (1, 2) through the contact points, and the radial (10) and thrust (11) sections of the heel (9) of each blade (1, 2) are made beveled in the direction of the end face of the corresponding locking plate (7, 8). 2. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial (10) and thrust (11) portions of the heel (9) of the blades (1, 2) are beveled towards the end of the corresponding locking plate (7, 8) at an angle of 6- 10 °. 3. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the projection of the end of the locking plate (7 or 8) and the angle (β) formed by the projections AB and BC of the radial (10) and thrust (11) portions of the heel (9) of the corresponding blade ( 1 or 2) are congruent. 4. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the acute adjacent angle (α) has a value of more than - 3 038675 0 ° to less than 90 °. 5. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the folding blades (1, 2) are provided with flippers (17, 18).