EA035604B1 - Design of a telescopic ladder string - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of construction, in particular, to designs of modular ladders, and can be used for interfloor connections inside and outside the premises in any finished apertures while maintaining horizontal position of the steps at any installation angle of the ladder. In the present invention, C-shaped elements are installed one into another with the possibility of longitudinal movement, thus providing variation and stepless adjustment of ladder string length, wherein the boss has a hole, and the element intended for fastening ladder steps to the string is L-shaped, and wherein the outer side of said element has a cylinder bulge to install said element into the mating hole in the boss with the possibility of rotation in the hole at an angle required to fasten the steps to the string, and C-shaped elements, the boss and the element intended for steps fastening are rigidly interconnected by fasteners, thus providing additional stiffness of the string as a whole. The string is attached to other structural elements using hinge elements intended to freely change the angle of string attachment to these elements, and the boss has a shape that ensures its movement inside the C-shaped elements and is intended for subsequent rigid fixation of at least two C-shaped elements and for fastening of steps to the ladder string, thus providing the possibility of variation of the ladder string length, variation of the height and angle of steps attachment to the ladder string. Further, in the assembly of steps attachment to the telescopic ladder string, dismountable or non-dismountable fasteners intended for rigidly fixing the C-shaped elements are used, such as bolts, tapping screws, screws, rivets, welding, soldering or gluing of said elements, and for rigid connection of C-shaped elements, the boss and the element intended for steps attachment to the ladder string, bolts, tapping screws, screws, rivets, etc. are used as fasteners. The boss can be made of metal or of a soft material such as wood or soft plastic.

Description

The proposed invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to the structures of modular stairs, and can be used for interfloor connections inside and outside the premises in any ready-made openings while maintaining the horizontal position of the steps at any angle of the staircase.

Known folding ladder, which contains two sections, articulated with each other by steps. An adjustable bar is installed at one of the ends of the sections, equipped with a number of radial holes, with the help of which the adjustable bar pivotally connects the opposite ends of the sections. On one of the sections, the adjustable bar can be fixed with a lock washer, and the rearrangement of the radial holes of the adjustable bar allows you to change the height of the ladder.

The advantage of the proposed folding ladder is the simplicity of its design and the fact that the parallelogram rule is incorporated into the mentioned design, the opposite sides of the parallelogram are always parallel, and this allows you to change the distance between the working platform and the ground level without changing the angle of inclination of the steps inward. [1. RF patent No. 72257 for a useful model, IPC: E06C 1/383; E06C 1/58; B64F 5/00, publ. 10.04.2008, bul. No. 10].

There is also known a modular staircase design, in which a module consisting of a Z-shaped corner element and a connecting element is made of rectangular hollow pipes, and the connecting element movably connects the Z-shaped corner elements.

Such a connection is carried out by inserting the said element into the abutting cavities of their vertical parts, while the length of the vertical parts of the corner element, which determines the height of the step, is less than the length of the horizontal part of the corner element, which determines the width of the step on which the step web is attached, and on the connecting element and at the ends the vertical sections of the corner element are provided with seats for fastening and fixing. [2. RF patent No. 140259 for a useful model, IPC: E04F 11/035; publ. 05/10/2014].

The closest is the technical solution presented in the known design of the staircase, which includes at least one bowstring made in the form of a C-shaped metal profile, inside which a cracker in the form of a metal plate with a threaded hole coinciding with the longitudinal bowstring groove.

The bowstring is surrounded from the outside by a U-shaped staple with two coaxial holes at the ends and an elongated groove on one cheek. The fork-shaped bracket with its rear end, provided with a transverse hole and an elongated groove, adjoins the bracket from the side of its elongated groove.

A fastening bolt is inserted into the hole in the rear end of the bracket, the threaded end of which passes through the elongated groove of the bracket, the longitudinal groove of the bowstring and enters the threaded hole of the cracker. Another mounting bolt passes through the elongated groove at the rear end of the bracket, coaxial holes at the ends of the bracket, and is provided with a nut at the threaded end.

The transverse part and front ends of the bracket are equipped with tread fastening elements. Support rods are installed and attached between two vertically adjacent treads, made with the possibility of adjusting their height.

The ladder is equipped with support brackets for fixing to the wall and floor.

In this case, the bowstring can be made composite, i.e. an additional part is attached to its main part with the help of a cracker inserted into one of them, into which a bolt is screwed, pulling together the two parts of the bowstring. [3. RF patent No. 2144122 for an invention, IPC: E04F 11/02; E06C 1/38, publ. 10.01.2000].

However, the well-known staircase designs do not allow dynamically changing the dimensions of the ladder bearing bowstring;

change the angle of inclination of the entire ladder and steps attached to the string;

change the length and height of the entire staircase.

The objective of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, namely, to create such a design of a telescopic ladder bowstring, due to which it is possible to dynamically change the length and height of the carrying ladder bowstring when it is installed in the opening intended for its placement;

change the angle of inclination and height of each step of the stairs;

install a ladder in the openings of rooms of any size.

The problem is solved by the fact that in a telescopic ladder string made of at least two C-shaped elements fastened together, C-shaped elements are installed in each other with the possibility of longitudinal movement, thereby providing a change and smooth stepless adjustment of the length of the ladder string , and in the node for attaching the steps to the telescopic bowstring of the ladder, which includes at least one bowstring made of at least two C-shaped elements fastened together, intended for installing the bowstring in the opening, and also containing the steps, a boss placed with the possibility of longitudinal movement inside the C-shaped elements, and the element intended for fastening the steps to the ladder, the C-shaped elements are installed in each other with the possibility of longitudinal movement, thereby providing a change and smooth stepless adjustment of the length of the ladder bowstring, moreover, the boss is provided with a hole, and the element , intended for attaching the steps of the ladder to the bowstring, has an L-shape, while the outer side of the said element is provided with a protrusion of a cylindrical shape, designed to install the said element into the counter hole of the boss with the possibility of turning in this hole at an angle necessary for attaching the steps to the bowstring , and the C-shaped elements, the boss and the element intended for fastening the steps are rigidly interconnected by fasteners, thereby providing additional rigidity of the bowstring as a whole, while the bowstring is attached to other structural elements using hinge elements designed to freely change the angle fastening the bowstring to these elements, and the lug has a shape that ensures its movement inside the C-shaped elements, and is intended for the subsequent rigid fixation of at least two C-shaped elements and fastening the steps to the ladder bowstring, thereby changing the length of the ladder bowstring, changing high you and the angle of attachment of the steps to the bowstring of the stairs.

In addition, collapsible or non-collapsible fasteners, such as bolts, screws, screws, rivets, welding, soldering or gluing of the mentioned elements, are used as fastening elements for rigidly fixing C-shaped elements in bolts, screws, screws, rivets, etc. are used as fasteners intended for rigid connection of C-shaped elements, a lug and an element intended for attaching steps to a ladder string.

At the same time, to ensure rigid fixation of C-shaped elements when using non-separable fasteners (soldering, welding), the boss is made of metal, and for rigid fixation of C-shaped elements using collapsible fasteners, the boss is made of soft material (wood, plastic, etc.) ).

The claimed design of the telescopic ladder and the assembly for attaching the steps to the telescopic string of the ladder is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the design of a telescopic ladder string, and FIG. 2 shows a drawing relating to the attachment point of the steps to the telescopic bowstring of the ladder, on which

- the bowstring of the ladder (fig. 1, 2);

, 3 - C-shaped elements installed in each other with the ability to move, thereby changing the length of the bowstring of the ladder (Fig. 1);

- the steps of the stairs (Fig. 2);

- the boss, placed with the possibility of longitudinal movement in the elements 2, 3, installed with the possibility of movement in each other, and their subsequent rigid connection with each other using the boss 5 (Fig. 1, 2);

- an element designed for attaching the steps 4 to the bowstring 1 of the ladder, having an L-shape (Fig. 2);

- a hole made in the center of the lug 5 and intended for installation in the hole 7 of the element 6, intended for fastening the steps 4 to the bowstring 1 of the ladder (Fig. 1, 2);

- a cylindrical protrusion made on the outer side of the element 6 and intended for installation in the corresponding hole 7 of the boss 5 with the possibility of turning in the hole 7 at an angle necessary for attaching the steps 4 to the bowstring 1 (Fig. 2);

- other structural elements (any opening of the room intended for the installation of a ladder, namely, for example, support posts, other stringers, other stringers of the ladder, etc.) (Fig. 1, 2).

Fasteners (bolts, nuts, screws, screws, etc.) designed to connect the C-shaped elements 2, 3 to each other, as well as to connect the elements 2, 3 with the boss 5 and element 6, designed for attaching steps 4 to the string 1 stairs are not shown in the drawings;

The assembly of the telescopic ladder structure is as follows.

The C-shaped element 3 is introduced into the C-shaped element 2, rigidly fixed by means of fasteners into the bowstring 1 in the place where the bowstring 1 is measured under the opening in which it is supposed to be installed.

Moreover, the number of C-shaped elements included in each other with the possibility of free movement in each other is determined by the dimensions of the opening in which the installation of the telescopic bowstring 1 of the ladder is supposed.

After that, they start assembling the assembly of the fastening of the steps to the telescopic string of the stairs.

For this, the telescopic bowstring 1, containing the required number of C-shaped elements 2 and 3, installed in each other with the possibility of longitudinal movement, is adjusted to the required size, due to the dimensions of the opening of the room in which the ladder will be installed, selecting the required number of C-shaped elements 2 , 3. After that, a lug 5, equipped with a hole 7, is inserted into the resulting bowstring 1.

- 2 035604

In the hole 7 of the lug 5, an element 6 is installed, intended for attaching the steps 4 to the bowstring 1 of the ladder so that the protrusion 8, which has a cylindrical shape and is located on the outside of the element 6 of the L-shape, is placed in the mating hole 7 of the lug 5 with the possibility turning in it at an angle necessary for attaching steps 4 to the bowstring 1 of the ladder.

After assembling all the elements into a single unit, the elements are fixed to each other using fasteners (not shown in the drawings), which increases the rigidity of the entire bowstring 1, installed in the prepared opening.

As fasteners used to connect the C-shaped elements 2, 3 and ensure their rigid fixation and fixation of the steps, either collapsible (bolts, nuts, screws, screws, rivets, etc.) are used, or non-collapsible elements, as which serve, as a rule, welding, soldering, gluing, etc. C-shaped elements among themselves.

So, as fasteners intended for the rigid connection of C-shaped elements 2, 3 to each other, with a lug 5 and with an element 6, intended for attaching steps 4 to the bowstring 1 of the ladder, only collapsible elements serve - bolts, screws, screws, rivets, etc. This connection of all of the above elements provides additional rigidity to the entire structure. With such a connection, a boss 5 is used, made of a soft material (for example, wood or soft plastic).

And for a rigid connection of C-shaped elements 2, 3 to each other and, if necessary, with a lug 5, to ensure rigid fixation of elements 2, 3 and fixing degrees, either collapsible (bolts, nuts, screws, screws, rivets, etc.) .) elements, or non-separable elements (soldering, welding). In the case of using non-separable elements, i.e. in the event that elements 2 and 3 and the lug 5 are welded, glued or soldered to each other, ensuring the rigidity of the bowstring 1, use the lug 5 made only of a rigid material, for example metal.

The manufacture of the boss 5 from a soft material (wood, soft plastic, etc.) allows fasteners (for example, bolts, screws, nuts, etc.) intended for fastening the boss 5 with C-shaped elements 2, 3, as well as fasteners used for the subsequent connection of elements 2, 3 with the lug 5 and elements 6, inserted into the lug 5 and providing additional rigidity of the entire bowstring as a whole, can be easily screwed into any place in the lug 5.

The assembled structure is installed in the opening intended for installing the assembled bowstring 1, and hinge elements (not shown in the drawings) are used to attach it to other structural elements 9 (in Figs. 1, 2, for example, a support post).

Such a connection of the structure with other structural elements 9 (for example, with a support post) allows you to freely change the angle of attachment of the bowstring 1 of the ladder to these elements.

Each step is attached to the element 6 of the bowstring 1 of the ladder, intended for fastening the steps 4, the steps are fixed to the required height and angle and a ladder of the required length is obtained with steps 4 horizontally placed relative to each other.

Thus, the technical solutions proposed as inventions make it possible not only to manufacture a staircase, the parameters of which can be easily and accurately adjusted to the size of the opening in which it should be installed, but also to change the installation height of each step, and also to choose the angle at which the steps should be located in the bowstring of this ladder, while maintaining the parallelism of the steps relative to each other and to the base of the room in which the resulting ladder is to be installed.

A pilot batch of stairs according to the described invention was manufactured in a pilot production and is in great demand among consumers.

Claims (1)

CLAIM The design of a telescopic ladder string, consisting of at least two C-shaped elements fastened together, installed in each other with the possibility of longitudinal movement, and also including a node for attaching steps to a telescopic ladder string, consisting of at least one bowstring made along of at least two C-shaped elements fastened together and intended for installing the bowstring in the opening, as well as a mechanism for attaching the C-shaped elements to each other and attaching the steps to the staircase bowstring, characterized in that the fastening mechanism is made in the form of two constituent elements , namely, the boss, placed with the possibility of free longitudinal movement inside the C-shaped elements, and the main fastening element made L-shaped, and the boss is provided with a hole, and the outer side of the main fastening element is provided with a cylindrical protrusion designed to install the said element in the reciprocal the hole of the boss with the ability to rotate in this hole at an angle necessary for attaching the steps to the ladder bowstring, while the C-shaped elements, the boss and the main fastening element intended for attaching the steps to the ladder bowstring are rigidly interconnected by additional fasteners, thus providing the most additional rigidity of the ladder bowstring as a whole, while the bowstring is attached - 3 035604 flange to the structural elements of the opening with hinge elements designed to freely change the angle of attachment of the bowstring to the mentioned structures and opening elements, and the lug has a shape that allows it to move freely inside the C-shaped elements of the bowstring, and is intended for rigid fixation of the C-shaped elements and steps between themselves, thereby ensuring the fixation of the required length of the ladder, its height and the angle of attachment of the steps to the bowstring, due to the size and dimensions of the opening intended for the stationary installation of the ladder, while using non-separable additional fasteners (soldering, welding, gluing) providing a rigid fixation of C-shaped elements, the boss is made of metal, and when using collapsible additional fasteners, the boss is made of soft material (wood, soft plastic, etc.).