EA030601B1 - Device and a process for purification of grey water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a process for purification of grey water. In particular the invention relates to in-home purification of grey water generated from laundry wash and/or rinse liquor for water saving by re-use. Surprisingly it has been found that it is possible to design a device and a process where, by continuous aeration, foam breaking and separation, the laundry wash and rinse water can be made substantially free of surfactants. This water is then preferably filtered to recover fresh water which can be reused for multiple applications.

Description

The invention relates to a device and method for cleaning household wastewater. In particular, the invention relates to the treatment at home of household wastewater, formed from aqueous solutions after washing and / or rinsing clothes, in order to save water by reuse. Unexpectedly, it has been discovered that a device and method can be developed in which by continuously blowing air, breaking foam and separating water after washing and rinsing laundry can become essentially free of surfactants. Then this water is preferably filtered to obtain filtered water, which can be reused in many applications.

030601

Technical field

The invention relates to a device and method for cleaning household wastewater. In particular, the invention relates to the treatment at home of household wastewater, formed from aqueous solutions after washing and / or rinsing clothes, in order to save water by reuse.

The level of technology

Any discussion of prior art in the description should in no way be considered as an assumption that such prior art is widely known or is part of publicly available information in this field.

In some regions, water scarcity is becoming an increasingly acute problem, and this is especially true for developing countries.

Household cleaning processes, such as washing clothes, washing dishes, etc., require large amounts of water. It will be of great benefit to society if it is possible to save this water and also reuse the water used for this purpose. Household water from washing and rinsing clothes is commonly referred to as household wastewater. In order to reuse such domestic wastewater for various applications, it is necessary to remove all solid particles and surfactants.

In the field of technology there are several methods of water purification using chemical reagents, such as flocculants and coagulants, especially for obtaining water that is safe to drink. There are also several ways to treat industrial wastewater. Most of these methods involve the use of chemical reagents, such as aluminum salts and polymers, which have a negative impact on the environment.

WO 2002000557 (P & G) describes a composition for water purification, containing mainly primary coagulant, bridge flocculant, auxiliary coagulant and optionally a decontaminant. This patent application also describes a method of clarifying and purifying water, which includes several stages selected from coagulation and flocculation, disinfection, filtration, neutralization and enrichment.

EP 1953119 (Unilever) describes a solid composition for water purification in the form of a two-component system, where the first component contains a biocide and a water-insoluble adsorbent, and the second component contains a coagulant and a flocculant. A biocide quencher may be included in the composition.

WO 2012084621 (Unilever) describes a method for the quick purification and clarification of water for the purification of domestic water, especially water after washing laundry and, in a more typical case, water after rinsing laundry using a composition containing flocculant, coagulant, filler and cationic surfactant, effective for clarification and purification of water.

The device and method of cleaning household wastewater, especially household wastewater, formed during household processes, such as water after washing and rinsing clothes, excluding the addition of chemical reagents, are highly desirable and environmentally friendly. The authors of the present invention have succeeded in developing a device and a physical method for cleaning household wastewater, especially for domestic cleaning, and this method does not require the addition of chemicals, such as aluminum salts and polymers, which have a negative impact on the environment.

Goldberg and Rubin (I & EC Process Design and Development, 1967, Vol.6) describe the method of mechanical destruction of foam due to the shearing action of a rotating at high speed disk. However, only flow rates of foam up to 200 ml / min are described there using a smooth disk rotating at about 2500 rpm. The surfactant used in the method was Triton X-100, which is not a very strong foaming surfactant and was present in relatively low concentrations. There was also a limitation on the speed of the disc, because with increasing speed of the disc, more liquid was carried away with the foam. This leads to a low yield of purified water. It is not described how to remove foam from household wastewater using only foam removal, while at the same time substantially preventing the discharge of liquid, which will help to collect most of the domestic wastewater as purified water.

Andou S. et al. (Performance characteristics of mechanical foam breakers with rotating parts fitted to bubble column, J. of chem. Tech. And biotech., Vol. 68, no. 1, 1 January, 1997, pg 94-100) compares mechanical devices of breaking foam in the form of fans with blades / blades oriented perpendicular to the plane of rotation, with devices with "blades" oriented in different directions. These foam breaking devices not only consume more energy, but can also cause the formation of fine mist from the droplets in the exhaust air, and the liquid phase of the foam is dissipated in the fog, which is carried away with the air flow coming out of the foam breaking device. Accordingly, the output and production of clean water from household wastewater are low.

The authors of the present invention have succeeded in developing a device and method for cleaning household wastewater, which is formed from an aqueous solution after washing and / or rinsing laundry, which contains 1 030601

Surfactants are living with high foaming in relatively high concentrations. Efficient treatment of household wastewater is achieved by the formation and destruction of foam at flow rates of 20,000-50000 ml / min, which ensures that the foam is sufficiently dry when it reaches the device for breaking foam having a rotating disk, the surface of which has textural irregularities .

Surprisingly, in the present invention, it has been discovered that a device and method can be developed in which by continuously blowing air over 90% of the surfactant present in the water after washing the laundry can be transferred to the foam. If after this, the foam is allowed to leave the chamber containing domestic waste water and provide the possibility of destruction outside the chamber, a device and method can be developed for removing dissolved surfactants from the water. As a result, more than 90% of household wastewater can be obtained in the form of purified water, even if the content of surfactant in household wastewater reaches 0.1%. The obtained purified water may preferably further be passed through at least one filter to obtain further purified water. The key step in achieving the above is the ability to cause foam destruction at a very high volumetric flow rate of foam. The objective of the invention is the creation of a device for the treatment of household waste water.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a device for cleaning household wastewater generated in household processes, in particular in the processes of washing and rinsing clothes, without adding chemical reagents that have a negative impact on the environment.

Another object of the present invention appears when the content of the surfactant of household wastewater is reduced to less than 1 ppm.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a simple physical method for the treatment of household wastewater, in which more than 90% of the purified water can be reached.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

i) In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for the treatment of domestic wastewater, comprising a sealed container (1) for placing domestic wastewater, comprising an outlet (2) for conveying foam to the outside;

ii) the container (1) contains a device (3 a) for blowing through the contents of the container (1);

iii) a foam pipe (4) connected to the outlet (2);

iv) a foam breaking device;

wherein the outlet (2) is in fluid communication with the device (5) for breaking the foam placed outside in relation to the container (1); and

in which the device (5) for the destruction of the foam contains:

a) an inverted bowl (6) with an open outlet (7) located in the collection tray (8);

b) a disk (9) connected to the engine (14) to ensure rotation of the disk (9) and placed in the bowl (6), and connected rotatably to the base of the bowl (6);

in which the foam pipe (4) establishes the transfer of fluid between the outlet (2) and the disk (9) of the device (5) for foam destruction and in which the surface of the disk is uneven.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for the treatment of domestic waste water, comprising:

i) an airtight container (1) for placing household wastewater, containing an outlet (2) for conveying foam to the outside;

ii) the container (1) contains a device (3 a) for blowing through the contents of the container (1);

iii) a foam pipe (4) connected to the outlet (2);

iv) a device (5) for breaking foam;

wherein the outlet (2) is in fluid communication with the device (5) for breaking the foam, and

in which the device (5) for the destruction of the foam contains:

a) an inverted bowl (6) located above the collection tray (8), while the bowl is attached to the collection tray and provided with an opening (7) for air to escape;

b) a disk (9) connected to the engine (14) to ensure rotation of the disk (9) and placed above the collection tray, and attached rotatably to the cover of the collection tray;

in which the foam pipe (4) establishes the transfer of fluid between the outlet (2) and the disk (9) of the device (5) for foam destruction and in which the surface of the disk is uneven.

Preferably, the speed of rotation of the disk was in the range from 1000 to 10,000 rpm.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a household wastewater treatment method using a device according to the invention, comprising:

i) bubbling air at a flow rate of 1–200 l / min to the domestic wastewater to be treated contained in an airtight container;

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ii) ensuring a residence time of at least half a minute;

iii) directing the foam obtained from the container to the rotating disk of the foam breaking device; and

iv) stop the bubbling of air after a period of time of at least 1 minute to obtain purified water.

Preferably, the ratio of the amount of household wastewater to air in the container is at least 1: 3.

In the method described above, it is preferable to pass purified water through at least one filter (13).

The features and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the detailed description below and the appended claims. To exclude an ambiguous interpretation, any feature of one aspect of the present invention may be used in any other aspect of the invention. The word "comprising" means "including," but not necessarily "consisting of." In other words, the listed stages or variants should not be exhaustive. It should be noted that the examples, the embodiment and the figures given in the description below are intended to clarify the invention and are not intended to limit the invention to these examples as such.

The present invention relates to a device and method for cleaning household wastewater at home, allowing air to blow household wastewater to form foam and physically destroy the foam, while removing the surfactants contained therein. In particular, the invention relates to the treatment at home of household wastewater, formed from aqueous solutions after washing and / or rinsing clothes, in order to save water by reuse. Thus, the present invention provides a device and method for cleaning household wastewater at home by removing surfactants without using any chemical reagents.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for household wastewater treatment at home, including:

i) an airtight container (1) for placing household wastewater, containing an outlet (2) for conveying foam to the outside;

ii) the container (1) contains a device (3 a) for blowing through the contents of the container (1);

iii) a foam pipe (4) connected to the outlet (2);

iv) a device (5) for breaking foam;

wherein the outlet (2) is in fluid communication with the device (5) for breaking the foam placed outside in relation to the container (1); and

in which the device (5) for the destruction of the foam contains:

a) an inverted bowl (6) with an open outlet (7) located in the collection tray (8);

b) a disk (9) connected to the engine (14) to ensure rotation of the disk (9) and placed in the bowl (6), and connected rotatably to the base of the bowl (6);

in which the foam pipe (4) establishes the transfer of fluid between the outlet (2) and the disk (9) of the device (5) for foam destruction, and in which the surface of the disk is uneven.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for the treatment of domestic waste water, comprising:

i. an airtight container (1) for placing household wastewater, containing an outlet (2) for conveying foam to the outside;

ii) the container (1) contains a device (3 a) for blowing through the contents of the container (1);

iii) a foam pipe (4) connected to the outlet (2);

iv) a device (5) for breaking foam;

wherein the outlet (2) is in fluid communication with the device (5) for breaking the foam, and

in which the device (5) for the destruction of the foam contains:

a) an inverted bowl (6) located above the collection tray (8), while the bowl is attached to the collection tray and provided with an opening (7) for air to escape;

b) a disk (9) connected to the engine (14) to ensure rotation of the disk (9) and placed above the collection tray, and attached rotatably to the cover of the collection tray;

in which the foam pipe (4) establishes the transfer of fluid between the outlet (2) and the disk (9) of the device (5) for foam destruction and in which the surface of the disk is uneven.

Preferably, the speed of rotation of the disk was in the range from 1000 to 10,000 rpm.

For a more complete understanding of the above and other features and advantages of the present invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments.

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The invention will now be illustrated by the following non-limiting figures.

Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a household waste water treatment device in accordance with the invention;

in fig. 2 is a perspective view of a foam breaking device;

in fig. 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a household wastewater treatment device in accordance with the invention.

The implementation of the invention

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a household wastewater treatment device at home, comprising an airtight container (1) for placing household wastewater, having an outlet (2) located at the top of the container (1) for deflating foam to the outside. The container (1) has a device (3a) for blowing the contents of the container (1) with which the bubbler (3b) is connected, which is capable of air bubbling at a flow rate of 1–200 l / min to the domestic wastewater contained in the container (1) .

The outlet (2) of the container (1) is connected to the foam pipe (4), which is in fluid communication with the device (5) for breaking foam, which is located outside in relation to the container (1). The device (5) for breaking foam has an inverted bowl (6) with an open outlet (7) located above the collecting tray (8). A disk (9) connected to the engine (14) to ensure rotation of the disk (9) at a preferred speed of 1000 to 10,000 rpm is placed in a bowl and connected rotatably to the base of the bowl. The foam is guided from the foam pipe (4) to the disk, and the distance between the discharge end (10) of the foam pipe and the rotating surface of the disk (9) is preferably less than 5 mm.

The container (1) is preferably provided with an inlet (11) for domestic wastewater. After the process of removing surfactants from household wastewater, the obtained purified water is preferably pumped through a water pump (12) through at least one filter (13) to further remove dissolved and suspended pollutants. Alternatively, this process, aimed at removing dissolved and suspended pollutants, can be carried out by gravity.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a device (5) for breaking foam, which is located outside the container (1). The device (5) for breaking foam has an inverted bowl (6) with an open outlet (7) located above the collecting tray (8). A disk (9) connected to the engine (14) to ensure rotation of the disk (9) at a preferred speed of 1000 to 10,000 rpm is placed in a bowl (6) and is rotatably connected to the base of the bowl (6). The foam is guided from the foam pipe (4) to the disk (9) through the channel (15) for foam, and the distance between the discharge end (10) of the foam pipe and the rotating surface of the disk (9) is preferably less than 5 mm. The air will exit the system through the gap (16) provided for the air outlet.

Domestic wastewater, placed in an airtight container (1), is sparged with air using an air pump (3a), and the surfactant begins to foam in household wastewater, and foam begins to collect above the water in the container (1). The foam is then directed to a rotating disk (9), which contributes to the destruction of the foam due to shear deformation of the foam cells and also discards the liquid resulting from the destruction of the foam from the surface of the disk (9) under the action of centrifugal forces. This fluid is retained by the walls of the inverted bowl (6). Liquid, as well as a certain amount of flotation foam from the bowl (6) flows into the sump (8) for collection. Domestic wastewater in the container (1) is preferably further purified by passing it preferably through at least one filter (13).

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the household wastewater treatment device in accordance with the invention, where the foam breaking device is located at the top of the container, which makes the household wastewater treatment more compact at home.

A sealed container (1) for placing household wastewater has a device (5) for breaking foam, located at the top of the container (1). The outlet (2) contributes to the removal of foam out through the foam pipe (4) to the rotating disk (9). The container (1) has a device (3a) for blowing the contents of the container (1) with air, to which the bubbler (3b) is connected, which is capable of air bubbling at a flow rate of 1–200 l / min to the domestic wastewater contained in the container (1 ).

The outlet (2) of the container (1) is connected to the foam pipe (4), which is in fluid communication with the device (5) for breaking foam located on the upper part of the container (1). A device (5) for breaking the foam, which has an inverted bowl (6), is located above the collection tray (8), and the inverted bowl is attached to the collection tray and provided with air holes (7). A disk (9) connected to the engine (14) to ensure rotation of the disk (9) at a preferred speed of 1000 to 10,000 rpm is rotatably connected to an inverted bowl (6) equipped with holes (7) for air outlet. Foam is sent from foam - 4 030601

wires (4) to the disk, and the distance between the discharge end (10) of the foam pipe and the rotating surface of the disk (9) is preferably less than 5 mm.

The container (1) is preferably provided with an inlet (11) for domestic wastewater. After the process of removing surfactants from household wastewater, the obtained purified water is preferably pumped through a water pump (12) through at least one filter (13) to further remove dissolved and suspended pollutants. Additional filters may be provided. Alternatively, this process, aimed at removing dissolved and suspended pollutants, can be carried out by gravity.

The container for the room of household sewage.

The container for placing household wastewater is preferably selected from any commercially available container with a hermetic lid, such as a bucket or drum, made of polymer or metal. For home use, the container capacity is preferably in the range of 10 to 200 liters, and more preferably from 20 to 50 liters. An outlet opening to which the foam pipe is attached is preferably provided at the top of the container and preferably above the level of household wastewater in the container, and more preferably on the airtight lid.

The conduit has a cross section of any geometry and preferably a circular cross section. The foam pipe preferably has a diameter in the range from about 1 cm to the diameter of the container, and more preferably in the range from 1 to 30 cm and even more preferably in the range from 3 to 15 cm. It is preferable to use more than one foam pipe to transport the foam from the container.

The container lid is also preferably provided with an inlet for introducing household wastewater to be cleaned. The container is also preferably provided with an outlet at the bottom for the discharge of purified water.

The ratio of domestic wastewater to air in the container is preferably in the range from 1: 3 to 1: 100, and more preferably in the range from 1: 3 to 1:20.

Device for blowing air.

The container is equipped with a device for blowing through the contents of the container. A device for blowing air is preferably selected from devices that are used in the art, such as a miniature compressor or an air pump, which is capable of delivering air preferably at a flow rate of from 1 to 200 l / min, which allows air to form bubbles leading to the formation of a stable foam. The air pump is preferably located outside the container, but air bubbles enter the household wastewater in the container, which can preferably be achieved by placing the tube from the pump into the domestic wastewater. The end of the tube preferably has a bubbler with preferably several openings. The size of the holes is preferably in the range of 1-1000 μm and more preferably 10-200 μm.

A device for breaking foam.

A device for breaking foam is located outside the container and is preferably located at the top of the container, which allows the device to be made more compact. The device for breaking the foam contains an inverted bowl with an open outlet of the bowl located above the collection tray, and a disk connected to an engine that allows the disk to rotate, preferably at a speed ranging from 1000 to 10,000 rpm and more preferably in the range from 3000 up to 8000 rpm and even more preferably from 4000 to 6000 rpm. The engine is preferably placed on the bowl and connected with the possibility of rotation with the base of the bowl. An engine can be any type of engine that is capable of producing the desired rotation of the disk.

Preferably, the inverted bowl and collection pan form a single unit with provided air outlets to advantageously ensure that an overpressure is created in the range of 1 to 1000 cm of water in the foam breaking device. This overpressure preferably allows the foam breaking device to operate at foam flow rates in the range from 1 to 200 L / min and preferably at flow rates from 2 to 50 L / min.

The conduit connected to the outlet of the container establishes the transfer of fluid between the outlet and the disk of the foam breaking device, and the distance between the discharge end of the foam pipe and the rotating surface of the disk is preferably less than 5 mm and more preferably less than 2 mm. It is preferable to have more than one foam pipe to discharge the foam from the container to the disk. The discharge end of the conduit preferably has at least two outlets so that the foam is preferably distributed over the disc as it is unloaded onto the disc. The discharge end of the pipeline ends directly above the rotating disk, and foam is preferably supplied from the discharge end of the pipe to the disk.

Preferably, the bulk of the household wastewater to be treated is below the foam in the container, in order to preferably ensure that the water flows out of the foam under the action of gravity to achieve a relatively high yield of clean water. This is achieved by the preferred minimization of the volume of foam pipes.

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The disk is made of a material selected from metals, polymers, ceramics, etc., and preferably from polymeric materials. The diameter of the disk is preferably in the range from 5 to 30 cm and more preferably in the range from 10 to 20 cm. The surface of the disk that contacts the foam preferably has a shape with irregularities. The surface preferably contains elements with dimensions that are smaller than the average size of the foam bubbles. The elements preferably have a size of from 0.01 to 3 mm, more preferably a size of from 0.1 to 2 mm. Elements may, for example, be protrusions of a disc or material that is associated with the disc, for example, sandy or granular materials. The surface of the disk preferably has an texture, and preferably an texture is formed or contains concentric corrugation. The texture can be formed by concentric irregularities on the surface of the disk.

The rate at which the foam enters the disc is preferably from 1 to 200 l / min, and more preferably from 2 to 50 l / min.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a household wastewater purification method is proposed using a device according to the invention, comprising:

i. bubbling air at a flow rate of 1–200 l / min to domestic waste water to be cleaned contained in an airtight container;

ii. providing a residence time of at least half a minute;

iii. the direction of the foam obtained from the container on the disk device for the destruction of the foam; and

iv. stopping the bubbling of air after a period of time of at least 1 minute to obtain purified water.

The ratio of domestic wastewater to air in the container is preferably in the range from 1: 3 to 1: 100, and more preferably in the range from 1: 3 to 1:20. Preferably, the ratio of household wastewater to air in the container is at least 1: 3.

In the method described above, after the process of removing surfactants from household wastewater, it is preferable to discharge the obtained purified water through at least one filter to further remove dissolved and suspended pollutants. The obtained purified water is preferably pumped through a water pump through at least one filter to further remove dissolved and suspended pollutants. The obtained purified water is preferably discharged to the outside of the chamber before it is pumped through at least one filter to further remove dissolved and suspended pollutants. Alternatively, this process, aimed at removing dissolved and suspended pollutants, can be carried out by gravity.

In one aspect of the present invention, air sparging is carried out at a flow rate in the range of 1-200 l / min and preferably at a flow rate in the range of 2-50 l / min.

In one aspect of the present invention, the foam formed is directed at a flow rate of 1200 l / min and preferably at a flow rate of 2-50 l / min.

Stay time

The residence time is the time that the middle element of the foam spends in the container before leaving the foam pipe. It is the time elapsed from the formation of a typical cell of the foam to the moment when this cell of the foam leaves the closed container. The residence time is calculated by the following formula:

residence time = volume of free space of the container / air flow rate.

The intended residence time is preferably in the range from 30 seconds to 60 minutes and more preferably from 1 to 30 minutes. Preferably, allowing the foam to drain into the container or providing a residence time preferably allows for substantially dry foam to be obtained.

The obtained purified water is preferably passed through a filter containing materials preferably selected from activated alumina, silica, diatomite, granulated activated carbon, layered double hydroxides, powdered activated carbon, synthetic fiber / woven medium, filtering materials based on polymer fibers, etc d. and more preferably selected from materials such as synthetic fibers, activated carbon and layered double hydroxides.

In one aspect, an unexpected result of the present invention was that by using the apparatus and method of the invention, the concentration of surfactant in household wastewater unexpectedly decreased from about 100-1000 ppm to a concentration below the detection level of less than 1 ppm .

Examples

Example 1. The effect of the shape of the disk surface.

10 l of a solution of surfactant with a concentration of 0.1 g / l was obtained using a technical grade of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate obtained from Aldrich. The solution was poured into a plastic container with a capacity of approximately 50 liters, equipped with an airtight lid. The surfactant solution was purged with air at a speed of 34.5 l / min with standard 6 030601

Noah temperature and pressure. Formed foam was passed through a tube with a diameter of 7.5 cm and sent to a device for breaking foam, which included a disk with a diameter of 12 cm, rotating at a speed of 6000 rpm. The experiments were carried out using two discs with different morphology, with one disc being a smooth disc, and the other was a disc with irregularities in the form of concentric corrugation. The volumes of the purified water obtained in the container and the flotation foam leaving the foam breakdown device were measured after 10 minutes of each experiment.

Table 1

The influence of the shape of the disk surface on the effectiveness of the destruction of foam

Disc type With irregularities Good Water ml 480 460 The volume of flotation foam, ml 260 740 The obtained purified water, l 9.5 9.5

The data presented in table. 1, show that a disk having a shape with irregularities gave a significantly smaller volume of flotation foam compared to a smooth disk, thereby making the system efficient and comfortable. The foam breakdown system ensures that the foam effectively turns into a small volume of liquid and foam remaining after breakdown, with a lower volume of flotation foam indicating the effectiveness of the foam breakdown system.

Example 2. The effect of the speed of rotation of the disk.

To study the effect of rotational speed, the same procedure was used as in example 1, except that the rotational speed of the disk was changed by changing the current supplied to the motor. The obtained amount of purified water was measured, and the results are presented in table. 2

table 2

The effect of disk rotation speed on the destruction efficiency of foam

Average rpm The volume of flotation foam, ml The obtained purified water, l 4500 1000 9.68 5600 220 9.77 6600 280 9.76

The data presented in table. 2 show that increasing the speed reduces the amount of flotation foam leaving the foam breaking device, and thus the volume of purified water obtained is high.

Example 3. The effect of the ratio of household wastewater to air in a container.

To study the effect of the ratio of household wastewater to air in a container, the same method was used as in example 1, except that the experiments were carried out with a change in the volume of the container or air flow rate, as shown in the table. 3

Table 3

Influence of the ratio of domestic wastewater to air in the container on the efficiency of foam destruction

Parameter one 2 3 four five Air flow rate, l / min 34.3 34.3 34.3 4.9 15.4 Container capacity, l 20 55 125 125 125 Stay time, min 0.29 1.31 3.35 23.47 7.47 Domestic wastewater: air 1: 2 1: 4,5 1: 11.5 1: 11.5 1: 11.5 The obtained purified water, l 2 5.8 8.1 9.91 9.15

The data presented in table. 3 show that the low ratio of household wastewater to air resulted in more efficient foam destruction, as indicated by the volume of purified water produced. The data also show that a longer residence time increases the yield of purified water.

Example 4. The effectiveness of the device in the treatment of household waste water.

Domestic wastewater, which had an initial surfactant concentration of about 110 ppm and a turbidity of about 320 NTU, was purified using the device shown in FIG. 1. The purified water obtained after removing the foam was passed through two filters, one of which was a commercially available spun fiber filter, and the other was a filter made of granular activated carbon. After the household wastewater was purged with air into the container, the obtained purified water in the container was pumped through the filters, and it took about 10 minutes to further purify 10 liters of water. The data presented in table. 4, are the average of 10 experiments.

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Table 4

The effectiveness of the device in the treatment of domestic waste water

The concentration of surfactant, h / m Turbidity, NTU Original After blowing off by air After filtering Original After blowing off by air After filtering by eleven 0.5 320 157 0.18

The results presented in table. 4 show that even without passing the obtained purified water through the filters, the levels of surfactant and turbidity were significantly reduced, and the water could be used for various purposes, and, in addition, passing water through the filters further purifies it and gives water superior quality. If domestic wastewater is passed through filters without passing them through the device according to the invention, the filters become clogged and the service life of the filters is significantly reduced.

Example 5. The output (%) of treated household wastewater, depending on the air flow rate.

The yield of purified water was determined using a higher content of surfactant in household wastewater and using different air flow rates, while maintaining the same container volume and the ratio of household wastewater to air. The data presented in Table. five.

Table 5

Parameter Surfactant, ppm 100 100 100 500 500 1000 1000 1000 1000 Air flow rate, l / min 15.4 7.5 4.9 7.5 2.2 15.4 five 3.5 2.2 Container capacity, l 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 Household waste water: air 1: 4,5 1: 4,5 1: 4,5 1: 4,5 1: 4,5 1: 4,5 1: 4,5 1: 4,5 1: 4,5 Stay time, min 2.9 6 9.2 6 20.5 2.9 9 12.9 20.5 Output, % 91.5 97 99.7 66 99.8 26 78 93.7 98.7

The data presented in table. 5 show that a longer residence time resulted in a significantly more efficient destruction of the foam, as indicated by the volume of purified water obtained, especially when the content of surfactant in household wastewater was high.

Claims (14)

CLAIM 1. A device for cleaning household wastewater, containing an airtight container (1) for containing household wastewater, which turns off the outlet (2) for pulling the foam out and the device (3a) for blowing the contents of the container (1), foam pipe (4) connected to the outlet (2), device (5) for breaking foam; wherein the outlet (2) is in fluid communication with the device (5) for the destruction of the foam, placed outside relative to the container (1); and the device (5) for breaking foam contains an inverted bowl (6) with an open outlet (7) located in the collecting tray (8) and a disk (9) connected to the engine (14) ensuring rotation of the disk (9) placed in the bowl (6) and connected with the possibility of rotation with the base of the bowl (6); moreover, the foam pipe (4) transfers fluid between the outlet (2) and the disk (9) of the device (5) for breaking the foam, and the surface of the disk is uneven. 2. Device for cleaning household wastewater, containing an airtight container (1) for containing household wastewater, which includes an outlet (2) for pulling the foam out and a device (3a) for blowing the contents of the container (1) with air, foam pipe (4) connected to the outlet (2), device (5) for breaking foam; wherein the outlet (2) is in fluid communication with the device (5) for breaking foam containing an inverted bowl (6) located above the collection pan (8) attached to the collection pan and provided with an air outlet (7) and a disk (9) connected to an engine (14) providing rotation of the disk (9) placed above the collection tray and connected rotatably to the collection tray cover; moreover, the pipe (4) provides for the transfer of fluid between the outlet (2) and - 8 030601 the disk (9) of the device (5) for the destruction of the foam, and the surface of the disk is uneven. 3. Device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, in which the distance between the discharge end (10) of the foam pipe and the rotating surface of the disk (9) is less than 5 mm. 4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the speed of rotation of the disk is 1000-10000 r / min. 5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the outlet (2) is above the level of household waste water. 6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the outlet (2) is located at the top of the container (1). 7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the device (3) for blowing air is connected to a bubbler placed under household wastewater in an airtight container (1). 8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the surface of the disk (9) has a concentric corrugation. 9. The method of cleaning household waste water device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which includes the bubbling of air at a flow rate of 1-200 l / min to household waste water to be treated contained in an airtight container, ensuring the residence time is at least , half a minute, the direction of the foam obtained from the container, onto the rotating disk of the foam breaking device and stopping air bubbling after a period of time of at least 1 minute to obtain purified water. 10. The method according to claim 9, in which the ratio of household wastewater to air in the container is in the range from 1: 3 to 1: 100. 11. The method according to claim 10, in which the ratio of household wastewater to air in the container is in the range from 1: 3 to 1:20. 12. A method according to any of claims 9 to 11, in which the obtained purified water is passed through at least one filter (13). 13. The method according to claim 11, in which the obtained purified water is discharged to the outside of the chamber before passing it through the filter. 14. The use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for obtaining purified water from household wastewater. - 9 030601