EA027902B1 - Reaper for a combined harvester-thresher or for a harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to agricultural machine-building, in particular, to harvesting machinery, and can be used in designs of reapers. The technical result - higher frame rigidity, lower deforming loads on elements of the drum for feeding cut mass to the inclined chamber, and higher reliability of the device - is achieved by provision of a reaper for a combined harvester-thresher or for a harvesting machine comprising a frame (1) with supports (1, 3), conveyor belts arranged on the frame and adapted to receive cut mass from a cutting apparatus (6) and to convey it from the cutting apparatus (6) to an aperture (5) formed between the conveyor belt, and a rotatable drum (11) for feeding cut mass from the aperture (5) to an inclined chamber arranged behind said aperture (5), wherein, in accordance with the invention, the frame (2) is provided with stiffening ribs (8, 9) disposed between the supports (1, 3), some of the stiffening ribs (8) are mounted between the aperture (5) and the cutting apparatus (6) so that a trapezoid in plan is formed, the stiffening ribs (8) serving as its lateral sides, and other stiffening ribs (9) are mounted in parallel to the first stiffening ribs (8) near adjacent supports (1), and plates (12) with teeth on their free ends are fastened to the drum (11). The frame (2) further includes stiffening ribs (13) arranged in the vertical plane and mounted in the inclines manner. At least three plates (12) arranged radially are fastened to the drum (11).

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to harvesting equipment, and can be used in the design of the reapers.

A header of a harvester or harvester is known, comprising a central section of the header equipped with a feeder housing window for guiding cut vegetation from the central section to the feeder housing when the header is mounted on the feeder housing; at least one side section of the header attached to the center section by articulating the frame; a belt conveyor, consisting of a frame and a belt mounted to move around the frame, a cutting apparatus located on the front side of the header for cutting vegetation and containing a bend, while the hinge of the frame, the hinge of the conveyor and the bend are essentially along one axis, essentially parallel to the direction of movement of the combine or harvester, and the side section is made with the possibility of raising and lowering relative to the Central section by turning in pyr said axis (RF Patent № 2462859, cl. Ά01Ό 41/14, 2012).

This device is characterized by low productivity, as it does not provide a complete capture of the beveled mass for feeding into the receiving chamber of the combine.

A device for harvesting crops is known, comprising a header with a frame on which a cutting apparatus is mounted, a reel, a cross conveyor with a slatted blade, a screw for feeding the beveled mass into the receiving chamber, and then into the receiving beater and threshing drum, a loading conveyor for feeding the beveled mass in a vehicle, a disk cultivator with a beam and a rotary chopper of stems. The disk cultivator contains two disk sections, one of which is pivotally mounted on the scaffold bar (RF patent No. 2192117, class Ά01Ό 91/04, 2002).

The installation of the auger for feeding the beveled mass into the receiving chamber does not allow to increase the productivity of the device, since the auger blades compact the beveled mass and do not provide a more complete grip of the mass for further transportation.

A header of a combine or harvester is known, comprising a header frame, the longitudinal size of which is transverse to the direction of movement of the combine or harvester, at least two moving belts located on the frame for receiving the sheared mass from the cutting apparatus and its movement, each of these tapes having the inner end spaced from the inner end of the other tape, with the formation of an aperture between them, receiving from the said tapes a sheared mass that is moved in the internal direction; a screw having a cylindrical drum on the axis and two ends, placed with the possibility of supplying mass from the opening to the inclined chamber located behind the specified opening, the axis of the screw being located in front of the trailing edge of the tape. The header contains a platform under the specified opening, stationary during operation, while the platform has a relief on its upper surface, which is configured to feed the cut mass into an inclined chamber. The relief is made in the form of a chevron with a back-oriented top. The auger contains end cones protruding to the sides above the inner ends of the tapes, said end cones being provided with a blade and arranged to feed mass from the tapes into an inclined chamber. The end cones comprise an axial cylinder with an outer end extending at least to the apex of said cone. The cylindrical drum of the auger is equipped with fingers protruding radially to feed the mass into the inclined chamber. The auger is mounted on suspensions in such a way that the distance between the auger and the belts is regulated in response to a change in the flow of the sheared mass passing between them (patent of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 24415, class Ά01Ό 34/00, 2011).

In the specified device, the frame does not have a sufficiently high rigidity, and the fingers of the drum are subjected to significant deforming loads, which reduces the reliability of the header.

The objective of the invention is to develop the design of a high-performance header used for harvesting crops.

The technical result - increasing the rigidity of the frame, reducing the deforming loads on the drum elements to supply the cut mass to the inclined chamber and increasing the reliability of the device is achieved by the fact that the header of the combine or harvester contains a frame with supports located on the frame of the conveyor belt for receiving the cut mass from the cutting apparatus and its movement from the cutting apparatus to the opening formed between the conveyor belts, and a drum placed with the possibility of rotation and feeding the cut mass from the opening into the inclined cage ru, located behind the specified opening, according to the invention, the frame is equipped with stiffeners located between the supports, while one stiffener is installed between the aperture and the cutting apparatus with the formation in the plan of the trapezoid, where the stiffener serves as its lateral sides, the other stiffeners are installed parallel to the first at adjacent supports, and plates with teeth at the free ends are attached to the drum.

The frame further comprises stiffeners located in a vertical plane and mounted obliquely.

At least three plates arranged radially are attached to the drum.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a header frame, rear view; in FIG. 2 - the same, top view; in FIG. 3 - drum, longitudinal section; in FIG. 4 is a view A in FIG. 3.

- 1,027902

The header of the combine or harvester contains a frame 2 with supports 1, 3. Conveyor belts (not shown) are located on the frame 2 for receiving the cut mass from the cutting apparatus 6 and moving it from the cutting apparatus 6 to the opening 5 formed between the conveyor belts. On the frame 2 are fixed brackets 4 reel (not shown) and the bracket 7 of the drive. The frame is equipped with stiffeners 8, 9 and includes a supporting pipe 10. Stiffeners 8, 9 are located between the supports, while one stiffener 8 is installed between the opening 5 and the cutting device 6 with the formation in the plan of the trapezoid, where the stiffeners 8 serve as its lateral sides , other stiffening ribs 9 are installed parallel to the first 8 at adjacent supports 1. The drum 11 is rotatably and feed cut mass from the opening 5 into the inclined chamber of the combine (not shown) located behind the specified opening, and plates are attached to the drum 11 s 12 with teeth on the free ends.

The frame 3 further comprises stiffeners 13 located in a vertical plane and mounted obliquely.

At least three plates 12 are mounted to the drum 11 and arranged radially. The drum 11 is mounted on the shaft 14, the covers 15 are located on the end faces of the drum 11. The plates 12 are fixed using the corners 16, the scarves 17, the bolts 18, the nuts 19 and the washers 20.

The header works as follows.

In the process of harvesting crops, the reel of the header mounted on the brackets 4 captures the stems of the crop to be harvested, brings them to the cutting apparatus 6, supports during cutting and directs them to the conveyor belts, which move towards each other and transport the cut mass to the opening 5 formed between conveyor belts. The drum 11 mounted on the shaft 14 rotates and the plates 12 with teeth captures the cut mass and directs it from the opening 5 into the inclined chamber of the combine for subsequent threshing. The stems of the sheared mass conveyed by the conveyor belts when unloaded into the opening 5 are oriented along the direction of flow. In known devices, when fingers are mounted on the drum, they are embedded in the cut mass in point regions, slip over the surface of the stems and do not always capture the required amount of cut mass. In the proposed design due to the installation of the plates 12, the impact on the cut mass is carried out throughout the opening 5. The teeth of the plates 12 are embedded in the cut mass and capture the entire volume of the cut mass located in this area, moving it into an inclined chamber. The next plate 12 on the drum again captures the entire volume of mass supplied by the conveyor belts. This greatly improves header performance. In addition, the plates with teeth retain the orientation of the stems when moving into the inclined chamber of the combine, which improves the process of further threshing.

The number of plates must be at least three to ensure a normal transportation process. If necessary, install four, five or six plates.

Stiffeners 8, 9, 13 reinforce the frame design and header reliability. This allows you to increase the load on it and the amount of transported cut mass. This increases the performance of the device.

Claims (3)

CLAIM 1. The header of the combine or harvester, containing a frame (2) with supports (1, 3) located on the frame (2) of the conveyor belt for receiving the cut mass from the cutting apparatus (6) and moving it from the cutting apparatus (6) to the opening (5) formed between the conveyor belts, and a drum (11) arranged to rotate and feed the cut mass from the opening (5) into an inclined chamber located behind said opening (5), characterized in that the frame (2) is provided with ribs stiffnesses (8, 9) located between the supports (1, 3), while one stiffening ribs (8) are installed Between the opening (5) and the cutting device (6) with the formation of a trapezoid, where the stiffeners serve as its sides, other stiffeners (9) are installed parallel to the first at adjacent supports (1), and plates are attached to the drum (11) ( 12) with teeth on the free ends. 2. The header according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (2) further comprises stiffeners (13) located in a vertical plane and mounted obliquely. 3. Reaper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least three plates (12) are arranged radially attached to the drum (11).