EA026274B1 - Air and contaminant isolation and removal apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A lubricant recycling system is provided with a water vapor absorption box (140) consisting of a super absorbent polymer (SAP) (142) positioned in the boundary of a polyester net (143). The SAP extracts and absorbs water vapor from the lubricant or other liquid. The SAP containing the water vapor can be combined with the polyester net (143) and can be changed into gel possibly. A polypropylene absorbent layer (144) is positioned on the periphery of a bounded material (143), and the water vapor is ensured to be stored on the outside of the absorbent layer (144). A resin layer can be selectively placed in liquid flow drained from the polypropylene absorbent, the layer absorbing the particulate matters from the lubricant and used as a barrier which exchanges harmful ions into beneficial ions. The total water vapor absorption box can be placed in a chamber or a sac body (162) performed to be expanded in volume to insert the resulted increased volume of the SAP. The water vapor absorption boxes can be integrated in filters comprising frequently-used filter elements.

Description

The present invention relates to a fluid purification system, in particular, to a device and method for removing aerosols and contaminants from fluids such as lubricant, fuel, etc.

State of the art

The present invention relates to devices and method for cleaning a fluid, preferably used in engines that use lubricating oils or hydraulic systems. In particular, the invention provides several unique oil / lubricant treatment schemes providing a unique fluid recovery system. Known devices for the regeneration of oil with an evaporation head having a heat transfer element installed in the cavity. This element may contain partitions forming the chamber of the evaporator with partitions. There are oil filters from various materials in various designs. Conventional filters contain a filter medium located in a box sealed with an upper element. A mechanical docking means, such as a thread, and fluid moving means, such as an oil inlet and outlet, are integrated into this element. The filter material may be paper, synthetic, etc.

Oil recovery devices may additionally contain soluble oil additives to enrich it for some time. Additives are located in the part of the filter located between the particles of the filter material and the felt pad. They come in contact with the oil and dissolve after a while.

Oil recovery devices usually act on aerosols, releasing them into the atmosphere, which is undesirable in terms of environmental pollution.

Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) (also called clay powder) are polymers that can absorb and retain extremely much liquid compared to their own weight.

Water-absorbing polymers, classified as hydrogels, absorb aqueous solutions due to the binding of hydrogen to water molecules. Therefore, the ability of SAP to absorb water is a factor in the ionic concentration of an aqueous solution. In deionized distilled water, SAPs can absorb up to 500 times their own weight (30-60 times more than their own volume), but when placed in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution, their absorption capacity drops to about 50 times their own weight . The presence of valence cations in the solution reduces the ability of polymers to bind to water molecules.

At present, SAPs are usually prepared by polymerizing acrylic acid with sodium hydroxide in the presence of a catalyst to form polyacrylic acid and sodium salt (sometimes referred to as cross-linked sodium polyacrylate). This polymer is by far the most common type of SAP in the world. Other substances are used to produce SAP, such as a copolymer of polyacrylamide, a copolymer of ethylene and maleic anhydride, cross-linked carboxyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, cross-linked polyethylene oxide, a starch grafted polyacrylonitrile copolymer, which is one of the first forms of SAP, and others.

Today, SAPs are produced using two main methods: suspension polymerization and solution polymerization. Each of them has its own advantages, and both provide stable quality of the resulting product.

Currently, solution-based polymerization is the most common production method for SAP. This method is highly efficient and generally provides reduced capital costs. To obtain the mass of the reacting polymerized gel, a solution of water-based monomers is used. The intrinsic energy of the polymerization reaction (heat generation) is used to provide a significant part of the process, reducing the cost of production. The reacting polymer gel is then chopped into small pieces, dried and crushed to obtain the final granule size. Any processing to improve the performance of the SAP is usually performed after the final granule size is obtained.

The suspension polymerization method is used by only a few companies, since it requires a higher level of process control and engineering support at the polymerization stage. In this method, the water-based reagent is suspended in a hydrocarbon-based solvent. As a result, it turns out that during polymerisation in suspension, the primary polymer particles are created already in the reactor, and not mechanically in the subsequent stages. Performance enhancement actions can also be performed at the reaction stage or immediately after it.

The degree of crosslinking and the type of crosslinking of the polymer determine the final ability to absorb and swell. SAP with a low density of the polymer network as a whole have a higher absorption capacity and swell more. These SAPs also have a softer gel with greater intermolecular adhesion. High density polymers have lower absorption and swelling. They have a higher gel strength, which allows you to maintain the shape of the particles even at moderate pressure. Oil recovery processes have a general tendency to separate aerosols, such as hydrocarbons, and release them into the atmosphere. This is considered to be unfavorable for the environment, and legislative measures are currently being taken in several countries to reduce or eliminate this process.

Thus, there is a need for a lubricant recovery system that provides optimal control of the cleaning process. In addition, it is possible for the end user to adapt the design for both cleaning and control by means of lattice elements located one above the other.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a lubricant regeneration system comprising a regeneration cartridge that uses a superabsorbent material enclosed in a polyester mesh that is placed in a layer of sorbent. Alternatively, a resin layer may be placed between the sorbent and the system outlet. The regeneration device may be housed in a housing configured to increase in volume.

In a first aspect of the present invention, it is an aerosol and water absorption device using a superabsorbent polymeric material (SAP) enclosed in a polyester mesh to form a regenerative cartridge that can be housed in an expandable body. SAP is released and mixed with moisture from the fluid, and then attached to the polyester mesh.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is a moisture-repellent sorbent layer that has not been recovered by the SAP material before. In yet another aspect of the present invention, a resin layer is used that is disposed during the process and is intended to remove remaining aerosols. In addition, the resin layer absorbs incoming harmful ions and releases useful ions into the lubricant (this process is called ion exchange).

In another aspect of the present invention, there are various geometric configurations of the regeneration cartridge, including:

a) a rolled and bonded cartridge similar to a filling cake;

b) a rolled cartridge with a helical profile;

c) a rectangular bag; g) a round bag;

e) a star-shaped bag; ί) cylindrical bag;

d) a camera with the possibility of increasing in volume;

I) a chamber with partitions.

In another aspect of the present invention, the regeneration cartridge is located in a housing configured to increase in volume.

In another aspect of the present invention, several cartridges are located in one housing.

In yet another aspect, a resin layer is located between the cartridge fluid outlet and the filter outlet. In another aspect of the present invention, there is a replaceable cartridge located in a regeneration filter containing conventional lubricant filtering elements.

The present invention is a customizable device for performing the following operations:

a) only water removal;

b) removal of water and gaseous contaminants (aerosols);

c) removal of water, gaseous contaminants (aerosols) and barriers from sodium ions; g) the creation of barriers from sodium ions.

The invention can be used for any fluid in which moisture may be present, including:

a) fuel for internal combustion engines;

b) oil;

c) brake fluid;

g) power steering fluid;

e) transmission fluid;

ί) hydraulic fluid and

e) similar fluids.

The present invention may include calcium-sodium-potassium aluminosilicate located in a layer of polymer (ion exchange) resin and designed to absorb gases such as hydrocarbons. The following substances may be used (individually):

a) sodium potassium aluminosilicate;

b) calcium aluminum hydrosilicate;

c) sodium aluminosilicate;

g) calcium sodium aluminosilicate;

e) sodium potassium-calcium aluminosilicate; ί) sodium-calcium-magnesium aluminum hydrosilicate.

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All these and other signs, aspects and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description, claims and accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

For a more complete understanding of the essence of the present invention, reference is needed to the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a moisture recovery apparatus according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a first exemplary embodiment of a regeneration cartridge in the form of a roll adjacent to a resin layer;

FIG. 3 is a top view of an embodiment of a regenerative roll cartridge; FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a second exemplary embodiment of a regenerative cartridge in the form of a bag;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a bag-shaped regeneration cartridge taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a third exemplary embodiment of a regeneration cartridge with a regeneration bag located in the housing;

FIG. 7 shows regeneration cartridges adjacent to the resin layer, forming a fluid path;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged isometric view of a moisture-absorbing particulate superabsorbent material attached to a polyester mesh;

FIG. 9 is an isometric sectional view of a lubricant filter in which a stretch regeneration cartridge is located;

FIG. 10 is a partial top view of a grease filter;

FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view of a lubricant filter similar to that shown in FIG. 9, in the side wall of the housing of which there is a means for increasing the volume;

FIG. 12 is an isometric view of a second embodiment of a lubricant filter with another design of an expanding side wall;

FIG. 13 is an isometric view of a third embodiment of a lubricant filter with an external device for extracting moisture with an increase in volume;

FIG. 14 is a top sectional view of an embodiment of a lubricant filter taken along line 14-14 of FIG. thirteen;

FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional view of a stretchable housing in which regeneration cartridges are located;

FIG. 16 is an exemplary flowchart illustrating a method of removing moisture.

In the drawings, the same numbers denote the same elements.

Detailed Description of Exemplary Embodiments of the Invention

For the purpose of describing herein, the terms upper, lower, left, rear, right, front, vertical, horizontal and their derivatives will refer to the arrangement of the invention shown in FIG. 1. However, it should be understood that the invention may be arranged in various other ways and have many other phased sequences, unless expressly stated otherwise. Therefore, the specific devices and processes shown in the accompanying drawings and in this description are only exemplary embodiments of the ideas of the invention defined by the claims. Therefore, the specific dimensions and other physical characteristics related to the embodiments of the invention described herein should not be construed as limiting unless expressly stated otherwise in the claims.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for extracting moisture, generally indicated by the number 100, in vertical section. The device 100 is in the form of a chamber with a side wall 102 of the filter housing having a tubular shape, an inlet side wall 104 located at one end, and an outlet side wall 106 located at the other end. The profile shape of the side wall 102 of the filter housing can be any, including round, circular, rectangular, polygonal and others. An inlet coupler 108 is arranged on the wall 104, having an inlet 110 for receiving an inlet stream 112. Using the inlet coupler 108, the device 100 is removably connected to a feed portion of a fluid recovery system. This element may be a narrowing at the end of the tube, a threaded interface, or any other interface known to those skilled in the art. On the wall 106, there is an outlet connector 114 having an outlet means for the device 100 — an outlet 116 that directs the outlet stream 118. The structure of the outlet connector 114 preferably corresponds to the structure of the inlet connector 108. Fluid, such as fuel, grease, etc. p., enters the inner chamber by an input stream 112, passing inside the side wall 102, where moisture is removed from it by means of water-absorbing inserts 120 located there, and you exit odyaschim stream 118. Overall fluid pathway 230 designated number.

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The water-absorbing insert 120 is a first exemplary embodiment, shown in detail in FIG. 2 and 3. It is formed by a rolled up superabsorbent polymer (SAP) 120 located inside a strip of polyester mesh 124, the profile of which begins in the center 128 and ends with the edge of the roll 129. The polypropylene sorbent 126 is grafted to the outer edge of the polyester mesh 124 and spread further, wrapping around the center of the roll. At the outlet end of the water-absorbing insert 120, a resin layer 130 may be provided for further cleaning. SAP 122 is described in the Background section of the present description. Fluid enters from the inlet end of the water-absorbing insert 120 and comes into contact with SAP 122, which extracts and absorbs moisture from the fluid. Upon absorption, the volume of SAP 122 increases to a value that could potentially exceed the original volume by 500 times. The spiral-shaped design allows the water-absorbing insert 120 to increase in volume in accordance with the absorption of moisture by the superabsorbent polymer 122, and the resin layer 130 adjacent to the outlet end of the water-absorbing insert 120 captures excess or outgoing moisture. The fluid can be further treated with a polypropylene sorbent 126, which repels excess water and gel and passes a lubricating fluid, which increases the ability of SAP 122 to extract moisture.

In FIG. 4 shows an alternative form of water-absorbing cartridge 140, a sectional side view of which is shown in FIG. 5. The cartridge 140 has the same materials as the water-absorbing insert 120, and the SAP 142 is located in the polyester mesh 143, which is located in the polypropylene sorbent 144. The stretch wall 146 is located on the discharge side of the sorbent 144, as shown in FIG. 5. The cartridge 140 is located in the fluid stream, creating an inlet stream 150 towards the inlet side and an outlet stream 152 from the outlet side of the cartridge 140. Moisture is removed by the superabsorbent polymer 142, increasing the volume of its particles. The moisture-filled SAP 142 is attached to the polyester mesh 143, allowing the regenerated fluid to pass through it with the exit stream 152. The geometry of the cartridge 140 provides an increase in its volume. One means of increasing volume is a stretch wall 146, and another is provided by using an elastic material to allow the upper and lower surfaces to stretch, as shown in the drawing. Residual moisture is repelled by the polypropylene sorbent 144. The resin layer 148 provides additional regeneration by absorbing aerosols such as hydrocarbons. In addition, the resin layer 148 releases ions into the fluid. A typical use of the resin layer provides an ion-exchange barrier, replacing, for example, sodium ions with other beneficial ions. The use of the resin layer 148 can have two separate purposes through 3 different methods. The first goal is the removal and collection of aerosols that pollute the regenerated fluid. The aerosol particles to be removed generally have a size of 0.1-0.3 microns. This is done in the first way using natural minerals, such as those belonging to the group of zeolites or perlite - volcanic glass converted into a form with millions of microstructures that can contain aerosols by means of an overheating process. The microchannels in zeolite and expanded perlite have a typical size of 0.1-1 μm and sharp edges for filtering or cutting off aerosol particles from the fluid. The second goal is the release of beneficial ions into the regenerated fluid. This may be accomplished by any of at least three separate methods. The first method is a continuation of the above aerosol removal method. The material used to extract the aerosols can also be used for the ion exchange process.

The incoming sodium ions are trapped, and beneficial ions are released into the regenerated fluid in return. This process can be adjusted by selecting a specific mineral or volcanic mixture.

The second method is provided by the selection of a synthetic polymer resin. Without this polymer, some binder would be needed for minerals from the zeolite family or for expanded perlite. In the presence of a synthetic polymer resin, the same ion exchange method is used as described above, except that other useful ions are used.

The third method uses zeolite, perlite, or a combination thereof, placed in a resin layer. This provides benefits for each of the above methods.

Regeneration cartridges can fit in various shapes. In a first exemplary arrangement, the inlet side wall 104 is located in a stretch absorption bag 160 configured to expand in volume. The absorption bag 160 has a housing 162 with an inner space 164 and at least one inlet connector 166 and an outlet connector 168. The inlet connector 166 has an inlet 167 communicating with the interior of the regenerated fluid. The outlet connector 168 has an outlet 169 in communication with the interior of the fluid outlet. The inner space may be limited by a shell having upper and lower surfaces and a lateral surface located between them. The structure may have at least one inlet 167, the cross-sectional area of which is larger than the cross-sectional area of at least one outlet 169, thereby creating a positive internal pressure. The fluid container may have a rectangular shape (as shown), circular

- 4,026,274 form, to be an elastic reservoir with stretchable portions, an accordion-shaped reservoir, etc. Several moisture-absorbing cartridges may be located in one container providing directed flow, as shown in FIG. 7. The inlet stream 150 enters the cartridges 140 and extends in the direction of the resin layer 148, which restricts the flow of fluid, creating pressure in the cartridge 140. The fluid deflects, creating an outflow 152, which is directed generally perpendicular to the direction of the incoming stream 150. Increased pressure promotes the absorption process of the superabsorbent polymer 142 and the process of its attachment to the polyester mesh 143.

One of the key inventions for the regeneration process is the use of polyester mesh 143 for attaching and holding SAP 142. A braided mesh is formed by interweaving oriented in one direction polyester fibers 143a with fibers 143b oriented in the other direction. Moisture is absorbed by the SAP material 142, creating a moisture-filled SAP 142a, which is attached to the polyester mesh 143, as shown, while heating can be used to accelerate the reaction, for example, to the operating temperature of the engine oil. Since SAP 142 absorbs moisture, it increases in volume. The cartridge 140 is located in the chamber, made with the possibility of increasing in order to accommodate the increased volume. The enlarged camera may have any suitable shape.

The cartridge 140 may be integrated into a regeneration filter for lubrication, such as in the moisture absorbing filter assembly 200. Such integration can take place with any suitable configuration, and a first exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 9-11. The assembly 200 includes well-known filtering elements, including a filter box 202, removably attached to a filter mount (not shown) using the mounting interface 204. One of the commonly used types of mount is a threaded connection. The end of the assembly 200 opposite to the installation interface 204 will be called the filter bottom 206. A mounting seal 208 extends from the upper surface of the box 202, located in close proximity to the outer circumference of the box 202, and provides a tight seal between the assembly 200 and the filter mount. The inlet openings 210 are provided on the upper surface, allowing fluid to pass from the system (not shown) to the assembly 200. The incoming fluid is distributed by the intake manifold 212, entering the expandable absorbent container 170 located in the assembly 200. The assembly 200 has an inner wall 203 boxes separating moisture absorption and filtration compartments. At least one hole 218 of the inner wall is located in the lower part of the inner wall 203, which provides a transition between the moisture absorption and filtration compartments of the assembly 200. The moisture-absorbing cartridges 140 are located in the elastic porous filter material 178 located within the expandable outer wall 172 of the container 170. The fluid enters into the container 170 through the first extension end 174 and then into the cartridges 140. The moisture-absorbing cartridge 140 absorbs moisture from the fluid, as described above. Absorbing moisture, SAP 122 increases in volume, and the outer wall 172 is stretched in the longitudinal direction to accommodate this volume, changing the configuration of the filter bottom 206 from the original, shown by a solid line, to an enlarged configuration 206 ', shown by a dashed line. After processing, the fluid is discharged through the second extension end 176 of the container 170, passes into the extension region 224, and then passes from the moisture absorption process to the process of aerosol removal and filtration through the opening 218 of the inner wall. Immediately after this transition, the fluid enters the resin layer 222. Then it enters the filtration chamber containing the membrane 220 of the filter. There may be an outlet 216 for discharging fluid through an outlet 214, which may be empty or with filtering means disposed therein.

In FIG. 12 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the invention — a moisture-absorbing filter assembly 200b. In this embodiment, the filter box 202 also has the ability to increase in volume through the box expansion portion 240. There is an upper extension adaptation member 242 and a lower extension adaptation element 244, which are the transition between section 240 and box 202. Section 240 extends around the circumference to accommodate the increased volume of SAP 122. The design for expansion is determined by the developer.

An alternative construction is shown in FIG. 13 is a double regeneration device 250, a section of which, in detail showing the process of moisture absorption, is shown in FIG. 14. The device 250 has two independent regeneration compartments. It comprises a conventional filtration compartment with the conventional filtration components described above, and a separate moisture absorption compartment having its own separate fluid distribution path. An exemplary moisture absorption compartment is external to the filter separation compartment filter box 202. The moisture absorption compartment is limited by a moisture absorption side wall 254 with fluid openings 256 located in the upper moisture absorption seal 252 and a moisture removal separation interface seal 258 formed along the perimeter of the side wall 254 and providing a tight seal between the fluid sources and the chamber. Along at least a portion of the side wall 254, a side wall extension section 260 has been provided to extend it in the longitudinal direction with an increase in the volume of SAP 122. The device 250 may have any of a variety of indicators indicating the need to replace the moisture absorption department. One such indicator is a printed indicator 262, which is unreadable when section 260 is compressed, and is clearly visible (printed replacement indicator 262 ') when section 262 is stretched. Another indicator is applied to the appropriate position of the filter box 202, and when the portion 260 is elongated, the lower edge of the side wall 254 eventually aligns with the filter replacement indicator line 264. The spiral coil of the polyester mesh 124 is located around the container interior space 272 and contains SAP 122 deposits between the original layers of the mesh 124. The SAP 122 can be wrapped in the inner layers, allowing outward expansion along the spiral layers. The specified roll may be located in the outer casing 274 of the container. The outer casing 274 may be corrugated, allowing expansion in the radial direction. A polypropylene sorbent 126 can be grafted onto the last turn or several last layers of the polyester mesh 124, as described above.

Moisture absorption can be performed in any chamber with the possibility of increasing the volume. The volume may increase in the longitudinal direction, as in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 15, circumferentially in a radial direction, and any combination of these options may also be used. The increase in volume can be accomplished by any known increasing surface 270, such as a corrugated or stretched surface, etc. In this exemplary embodiment, a surface that is stretched in the longitudinal direction due to corrugation is used. Moisture-absorbing cartridges 140 may be located in the interior space 272 of the container with the stretchable surface 270. The stretchable surface 270 may form a fluid enclosing chamber with inlet and outlet openings (not shown, as this is understood). Alternatively, the stretch surface 270 may be made of a sealed porous material, allowing fluid to flow through this surrounding material.

The present invention is presented using a uniquely determined sequence of process steps shown in the regeneration flowchart shown in FIG. 16. The process initiates the entry of heated fluid (such as oil or other lubricants) with moisture and / or aerosol into the moisture recovery device containing superabsorbent polymer 122 in accordance with step 302 of processing the fluid with SAP material. Then SAP together with moisture molecules binds to the polyester network with the formation of a gel. This occurs at step 306 of swelling and binding of the SAP. In the event that some moisture has not been absorbed by the SAP, it comes into contact with the polypropylene sorbent layer 126 in accordance with step 308 of controlling the passage of moisture. Layer 126 of a polypropylene sorbent repels moisture, providing an additional opportunity for SAP to absorb previously missed moisture. The lubricant then passes through a layer 126 of polypropylene sorbent into the resin layer in step 310 of repulsion by a layer of sorbent. Next, the lubricant passes into the ion exchange resin layer 130 in accordance with the resin layer treatment step 312. The resin layer 130 extracts and retains aerosols or gases trapped in the lubricant previously. In addition, the resin layer 130 introduces beneficial ions into the lubricant. These actions are performed at step 314 activation of the resin layer. In parallel with the above-described processes of regeneration, the SAP is enclosed in a polyester mesh 124, forming an elastic reservoir. Continuing to absorb moisture, SAP increases in volume up to 500 times compared with the initial volume. SAP binds to polyester mesh 124 to form a gel. The formed elastic reservoir increases in volume in accordance with the growth of SAP. This occurs at step 316 of the uptake and retention of the SAP package through binding and volume expansion.

It should be understood that the described method can be implemented with the passage of the lubricant through all the steps before the filtering process, after it or with the passage through the process of moisture absorption of the lubricant in parallel with the filtration process. The described process can be used for fluids such as gas, grease (e.g. oil, power steering fluid, etc.) and others. The use of resin layer 130 is an option.

The above description is only considered as a description of preferred embodiments. Modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art and to those who will produce or use it. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of legal protection of the invention as defined by the claims below in accordance with the principles of patent law, including the theory of equivalents.

The inscriptions to FIG. thirteen.

Replace filter.

Filter change indicator.

The inscriptions to FIG. sixteen.

302 — A heated fluid containing moisture / aerosols enters a superabsorbent (SAP).

304 - moisture binds to SAP.

306 - SAP swells and binds to the polyester to form a gel.

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308 - flow and pressure cause a part of the water molecules to pass through the polyester mesh and come into contact with the sorbent.

310 - the sorbent repels water, allowing the oil to pass through it together with ions and molecules of gaseous substances.

312 - entrance to the layer of ion exchange resin.

314 - a resin layer captures and holds aerosols / gases and releases beneficial ions into the oil stream.

316 - The SAP binds to the polyester mesh, and the packet increases in volume in a stretchable elastic reservoir.

Claims (19)

1. A device for separating moisture, designed to remove moisture from the fluid, which includes a housing with a tubular cross section, containing means for increasing volume during operation, having closed ends and forming an internal space, the first of the closed ends having an inlet, an outlet hole and a tubular inner wall coaxial to the housing, while the inlet and outlet are concentric to each other, and between the inlet and outlet openings tsya passage for distribution of fluid, which consists of first and second parts of the passage formed with the housing means to increase the volume and the inner wall, and a second passage portion formed in the inner wall; a device for fixing a device for separating moisture to an external structure, in which the device forms one outlet and an inlet; a porous elastic material capable of increasing in volume, located in the first part of the fluid propagation passage, in which the porous elastic material is a material that allows fluid to pass through it, said porous and elastic material having a water-absorbing insert enclosed therein, wherein the insert contains a superabsorbent polymer enclosed in a bounding material, wherein at least a portion of the bounding material is a polyester net and and this water-absorbing insert is able to increase in volume inside the porous elastic material as water is absorbed; and a filter chamber formed in the second part of the fluid distribution passage and containing filter membranes for separating and collecting solid impurities from the fluid passing through them. 2. The device for separating moisture according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing insert further comprises a polypropylene sorbent, at least a portion of which is located on the outside of the polyester mesh. 3. The device for separating moisture according to claim 2, in which the water-absorbing insert is configured to increase in volume. 4. The device for separating moisture according to claim 3, in which the increase in the volume of the water-absorbing insert occurs in at least one of the following directions: a) longitudinal b) around the circumference and c) radial. 5. The device for separating moisture according to claim 1, wherein the device further comprises a resin layer located within the passage of the distribution of fluid between the outer side of the water-absorbing insert and the specified at least one outlet for the fluid. 6. The device for separating moisture according to claim 1, in which the resin layer includes one of the following substances: a) zeolite, b) expanded perlite, c) calcium-sodium-potassium aluminosilicate, ά) sodium-potassium aluminosilicate, e) calcium aluminosilicate, ί) sodium aluminosilicate, e) calcium-sodium aluminosilicate, I) sodium-potassium-calcium aluminosilicate and ί) sodium-calcium-magnesium aluminosilicate. 7. The device for separating moisture according to claim 1, wherein the housing of the device for separating moisture comprises a side wall of the housing, further comprising at least one means of increasing the volume. - 7,026,274 8. The device for separating moisture according to claim 1, in which the water-absorbing insert has at least one of the following forms: a) roll b) a rolled up and bonded cartridge similar to a filling cake, c) a rolled cartridge with a spiral profile, ά) a round bag, e) a star-shaped bag; ί) a cylindrical bag; and e) a rectangular bag. 9. The device for separating moisture according to claim 1, wherein the device further comprises an increasing in volume container with an absorbent containing a means for increasing the volume, located in parallel and in size with the thickness of the porous and elastic material. 10. The device for separating moisture according to claim 9, in which the wall of the first end and the wall of the second end are adjacent to the increasing in volume end of the means of increasing volume, while with increasing volume of the means for increasing volume, the corresponding adjacent wall of the end is transformed, forming an elongated shape. 11. A device for separating moisture, designed to remove moisture from the fluid, which includes a housing with a tubular cross section, containing means for increasing volume during operation, having closed ends and forming an internal space, the first of the closed ends having an inlet, an outlet hole and a tubular inner wall coaxial to the housing, while the inlet and outlet are concentric to each other, and between the inlet and outlet openings a passage is provided for the distribution of the fluid, which consists of a first passage formed by a housing with a means of increasing volume and an inner wall, and a second part of the passage formed in the inner wall; a device for fixing the moisture separating device to an external structure in which a separate device forms one outlet and an inlet; a porous elastic material capable of increasing in volume, located in the first part of the fluid passage, in which the porous elastic material is a material that allows fluid to pass through it, said porous elastic material having a water-absorbing insert enclosed therein, wherein said insert contains a superabsorbent polymer enclosed in a bounding material, wherein at least a portion of the bounding material is a polyester mesh, and when this water-absorbing insert is able to increase in volume inside the porous and elastic material as water is absorbed; a filter chamber containing a fixed container inside the tubular body and coaxially formed in the second part of the fluid propagation passage, while one end of the fixed container forms an outlet, the container further comprising a filter membrane for separating and collecting solid impurities from the fluid passing through them. 12. The device for separating moisture according to claim 11, wherein the water-absorbing insert further comprises a polypropylene sorbent, at least a portion of which is located on the outside of the polyester mesh. 13. The device for separating moisture according to item 12, in which the water-absorbing insert is configured to increase in volume. 14. The device for separating moisture according to item 13, in which the increase in volume occurs in at least one of the following directions: a) longitudinal b) around the circumference, c) radial. 15. The device for separating moisture according to claim 11, wherein the device further comprises a resin layer located within the passage of fluid distribution between the outer side of the water-absorbing insert and at least one fluid outlet. 16. The device for separating moisture according to claim 11, wherein the housing of the device for separating moisture comprises a side wall of the housing, further comprising at least one means of increasing the volume. 17. The device for separating moisture according to claim 11, in which the water-absorbing insert has at least one of the following forms: a) roll b) a rolled up and bonded cartridge similar to a filling cake, c) a rolled cartridge with a spiral profile, ά) a round bag, - 8,026,274 e) a star-shaped bag; ί) a cylindrical bag; e) a rectangular bag. 18. The device for separating moisture according to claim 11, wherein the device further comprises a container increasing in volume with an absorbent containing a means for increasing the volume, located in parallel and in size with the thickness of the porous and elastic material. 19. The device for separating moisture according to claim 18, wherein the wall of the first end and the wall of the second end are adjacent to the end of the volume increasing means, while increasing the volume of the volume increasing means, the corresponding adjacent end wall is transformed, forming an elongated shape.