EA022550B1 - Hand combined fire-fighting nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the fire-fighting equipment, in particular, to hand nozzles for fire extinguishing, and is directed to provision of the possibility of delivery of a solid or sprayed with a varying angle water jet or creation of a water curtain with maximum range and flow rate of the fire extinguishing agent at minimum hydraulic losses during fire extinguishing. The combined hand fire-fighting nozzle includes a housing with an adapter and a connecting head for the fire hose, a shutoff device, a device to regulate the solution flow to the nozzle, a jet forming device including a mouthpiece with a deflector, wherein, according to the invention, the internal surface of the mouthpiece deflector is made in the form of a cubic parabola, the current radius of the curvilinear part of the deflector being determined by the equationwhere ris current radius of the curvilinear part of the deflector, mm; lis current length of the curvilinear part of the deflector, mm; b is deflector thickness, mm; c is parameter depending on volume flow rate of the nozzle and, for hand nozzles, is in a range of 1000-2000 mm.

Description

(57) The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, namely, hand-held barrels designed to extinguish fires, and is aimed at providing the possibility of supplying a continuous or sprayed jet with a variable angle of the jet of water or creating a water curtain with maximum values of the range and flow rate of the extinguishing agent while minimizing hydraulic losses during fire fighting. Combined manual fire barrel includes a housing with an adapter and a connecting head for a fire hose, a shut-off device, a device for regulating the flow of solution into the barrel, a jet forming device including nozzles with a deflector, in which according to the invention the inner surface of the deflector nozzle is made in the form of a cubic parabola and the current radius of the curved part of the deflector is determined by the dependence

where r ₁ is the current radius of the curved part of the deflector, mm; 1 ₁ - the current length of the curved part of the deflector, mm; B is the thickness of the deflector, mm; C is a parameter depending on the volumetric feed of the barrel, and for manual trunks is 1000-2000 mm ³ .

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, namely to hand barrels designed to extinguish fires.

Known manual fire barrel [1] for use at low, medium and high flow rates of water in order to reduce its inlet pressure while maintaining the efficiency of fire fighting in a continuous stream or penetrating long-range scattered water stream. To this end, the output annular channel is made so that the profiles of the output part of the inner wall of the housing and the surface of the output tip of the fairing installed in the cavity of the barrel have a curvature that increases in the direction of exit from the barrel, and the radii of the cross sections of these surfaces decrease in the same direction. With this version of the barrel in the long-range diffused jet mode, the inlet pressure is reduced by an average of 2 times compared with the known barrels. However, the disadvantage of this barrel is that it is intended only for the formation of a spray jet and there is no possibility of creating a compact jet, as well as creating a protective screen (water curtain).

The objective of the invention is to provide the possibility of supplying a solid or atomized (with a varying angle of the torch) jet of water or creating a water curtain (protective shield) with maximum values of the range and flow rate of the extinguishing agent while minimizing hydraulic losses during fire fighting, as well as providing the extinguishing solution with fixed flow rates.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the combined fire barrel containing a housing with an adapter and a connecting head for the fire hose, the device is shut-off, the device controls the flow of the solution into the barrel, the jet forming device includes nozzles with a deflector, in which, according to the invention, the internal the surface of the deflector nozzle is made in the form of a cubic parabola, and the current radius of the curved part of the deflector is determined by the dependence

where r ₁ is the current radius of the curved part of the deflector, mm;

one! - the current length of the curved part of the deflector, mm;

B is the thickness of the deflector, mm;

C is a parameter depending on the volumetric feed of the barrel, and for manual trunks is 1000-2000 mm ³ .

Achieving maximum values of the range and flow rate of the extinguishing agent is achieved by minimizing hydraulic losses during the flow around the surface of the deflector.

To calculate the minimization of hydraulic losses, we define the shape of the curved surface of the deflector, which coincides with the streamlines. With this form, there will be no vortex formation, and the fluid flow can be considered potential.

Further, based on the Laplace equation, which describes the potential fluid flow [2]:

3 ² y d ~ y 3 ² y

—- + —Ή --- = 0 bx ~ du ~ d: ~ ’and expressions for the velocity potential γ [2]:

γ = - (Ax ² + Wu ¹ + Cr ² ).

(2) (3) (4)

- components of the flow velocity;

Where

A, B, C - coefficients;

by substituting (3) in equation (2) under the condition A + D + C = 0.

(5) (6) we get from where we find the components of the flow velocity:

γ = - (τ- + χ-2?),

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The fluid flow, determined by the velocity potential γ, is symmetric about the axis of rotation, which coincides with the axis ζ. Streamlines in υζ plane, where x = 0 determined by the equation ₌ (8) <Lu _and y

Integrating, we get

Ιηζ = soya.h1 - 21ηι, (9) or ^y r = sop. (10)

Equation (10) is the equation of the so-called cubic parabola, whose branches for the x and y axis are asymptotes.

Based on the foregoing, using the notation r ₁ , 1 ₁ , b, c for the curvature of the surface of the deflector, the shape of the curved surface of the deflector at a given point (current radius) is supposed to be determined by the formula (1)

where r ₁ is the current radius of the curved part of the deflector, mm;

1 ₁ - the current length of the curved part of the deflector, mm;

B is the thickness of the deflector, mm;

c is a parameter depending on the volumetric feed of the barrel.

The invention is illustrated using the drawings shown in FIG. 12.

FIG. 1 is a general view of a manual combined fire barrel for extinguishing fires.

FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of the calculation of the current surface radius of the curved portion of the deflector.

As shown in FIG. 1, the input of the hand barrel has a connecting head 1 of the type ГЦ-50, which is connected to the rotating adapter 2. The adapter is connected to the housing 3 by means of grooves in which steel balls are embedded and a rubber gasket is installed for tightness. The overlapping device 4 provides the ability to overlap and smoothly adjust the amount of incoming water (solution) using the lever 5. This unit is designed to facilitate the maneuvering of the barrel in response to emergency situations and fires. On the other side of the shut-off device 4, a threaded connection is connected to a control device 6 for the solution flowing into the barrel, which allows the supply of a fire extinguishing solution with fixed flow rates using switch 7.

A handle 8 is attached to the housing 3, designed to hold the barrel during operation.

A jet forming device is attached to the control device 6 of the incoming flow into the barrel, including nozzles 9 with a deflector 10, during rotation of which a smooth switching of the barrel operating modes is carried out: supply of a compact or sprayed jet or water curtain. Inside the nozzle 9, a deflector 10 is installed, when changing the position of which inside the nozzle, a compact, atomized jet or water curtain is supplied.

The tightness of the joints is ensured by rubber gaskets (not shown in the drawing).

The barrel of a manual fire combined is as follows. Before starting to use the barrel, it is necessary to connect the barrel body 3 to the fire hose using the connecting head 1 ГЦ-50 through the adapter 2. Then apply water or another fire extinguishing solution, and the shape of the jet, the flow rate of the working solution are set depending on the class of fire and the tactical methods of extinguishing. If necessary (when changing the emergency conditions) during operation, the supply of the working solution is blocked by the lever 5 of the shut-off device 4, which performs the function of a crane. The control device 6 of the incoming flow into the barrel through the switch 7 allows you to provide a controlled change in the flow of fire extinguishing solution with fixed flow rates.

By rotating the nozzle 9 connected to the device 6, the jet shape changes: a compact or sprayed jet or a water curtain.

A direct change in the shape of the jet determines the position of the deflector 10 inside the nozzle, and the inner surface of the deflector 10 is made in the form of a cubic parabola in such a way that, in order to increase the efficiency of the barrel, the current radius of the curved part of the deflector is determined by the formula (1)

where ί is an integer - an index that determines the correspondence of the current radius to a given current length of the curved part of the deflector.

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Example.

For hand-held fire trunks of the RS-50 type with a connecting head with a nominal bore of 50 mm and a volumetric flow of 3 to 7 l / s with a parameter that depends on the volumetric flow of the barrel with = 1000 mm ³ and the thickness of the baffle b = 4 mm, the current value the radius of the curved part of the deflector is calculated as follows:

we set the current length of the curved part of the deflector 1 ₁ = 20 mm, then I uoo r = .- = 6.45, ","

1 (4 + 20

When changing a parameter depending on the volumetric feed to c = 1500 mm ³ :

= 11500 4 + 20 = 7.9.i.i.

For hand-held fire trunks of the RS-70 type with a connecting head with a nominal bore of 70 mm and a volumetric flow from 7 to 13 l / s with a parameter depending on the volumetric feed with = 1600 mm ³ and a deflector thickness of 5 mm, the current radius of the curved part of the deflector calculated:

set the current length of the curved part of the deflector 1 ₁ = 20 mm, then

2000

The same with the parameter depending on the volumetric feed with = 2000 mm ³ :

= 8.94 dsh.

+ 20

The results of calculating the current surface radius of the curved part of the deflector are presented in the table when changing the specified current length of the curved part of the deflector 1! from 1 to 45 mm.

/, 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 G / 7.2 7.1 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.67 6.6 6.5 6.46 6.4 6.3

In graphical form, the obtained values of the current surface radius of the curved part of the deflector corresponding to the table are shown in FIG. 2.

All parts of the barrel, in particular nozzles with a higher defined deflector curvature, can be industrially produced by turning, for example, on numerically controlled machines, the operation parameters of which are based on the results of calculations performed by expression (1).

Thus, the equipment of the barrel with devices for forming a jet with a deflector with the declared shape of the inner surface and smooth regulation of the incoming water into the barrel, can improve the quality of tactical fire extinguishing techniques by increasing the functionality of the barrel.

Information sources.

1. Patent KI 2124913, IPC A62C 31/02, 1997.

2. Prandtl, L. Hydroaeromechanics. / L. Prandtl. - Izhevsk .: SIC: Regular and chaotic dynamics, 2000. - 576 p.

Claims (2)

CLAIM 1. Combined hand-held fire barrel for forming and supplying a fire extinguishing solution, comprising a shut-off device placed in a housing with an adapter and a connecting head for a fire hose, a device for regulating the flow of a solution into the barrel, a jet forming device including nozzles with a deflector, characterized in that the surface of the deflector nozzle is made in the form of a cubic parabola, and the current radius of the curved part of the deflector is determined by the dependence where r ₁ is the current radius of the curved part of the deflector, mm; 1 ₁ - the current length of the curved part of the deflector, mm; - 3 022550 B is the thickness of the deflector, mm; C is a parameter depending on the volumetric feed of the barrel, mm ³ . 2. The barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that the value of the parameter, depending on the volumetric feed of the barrel, is 1000-2000 mm ³ . FIG. one ^4/4 C1 1 g Ί ΙΒΙ 1 ;BUT 10 ' ^Γ Ί5 T C1B 1ice / 10 5 With from η 5 10 fifteen twenty 35 twenty 25 40) 45 about. one 10 fifteen 25 4% 2 FIG. 2