EA021611B1 - Catalyst of ionic liquid composition for obtaining polyalphaolefin synthetic basic lubricants - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to petrochemistry, in particular to producing effective chloroaluminate ionic-liquid catalytic systems for synthesis of polyalphaolefin synthetic basic lubricants with high yield of alphaolefins C-Coligomerization. The assigned inventive task is aimed at producing effective chloroaluminate ionic-liquid catalytic systems providing the synthesis of polyalphaolefin synthetic basic lubricants with high yield. The proposed catalytic system is worked out based on a complex salt obtained by interacting amines with trifluoroacetic acid and aluminum-chloride and α-olefins oligomerization in its presence provides the synthesis of polyalphaolefin basic oils with high yield (80-92,3 wt%), good viscosity-temperatute properties and high stability against oxidation.

Description

(57) The invention relates to the field of petrochemistry, in particular to the production of effective chloraluminate ion-liquid catalyst systems for the synthesis of polyalpha-olefin synthetic base lubricants with high performance oligomerization of α-olefins Sb-Sp. The objective of the invention is to create effective chloraluminate catalytic systems of ion-liquid composition, providing the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic lubricant base oils in high yield. The proposed catalyst system is based on a complex salt obtained by the interaction of amines with trifluoroacetic acid and aluminum chloride, and the oligomerization of α-olefins in its presence provides the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin base oils in high yield (80-92.3 wt.%) good temperature-viscosity properties and high stability against oxidation.

The invention relates to the field of petrochemistry, in particular to the production of chloroaluminate ion-liquid catalytic systems for the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic base lubricants, with high performance, oligomerization of linear C ₈ C12 α-olefins.

A known method of producing synthetic poly-alpha-olefin lubricating base oils by oligomerization of α-olefins, in particular decene-1, in the presence of a catalytic system obtained by the interaction of metal aluminum dispersed to 4-40 microns with tert-butyl chloride in the ratio of components A1: TBX = 3 6-7.5: 1.0 [1]. According to this method, the decene-1 oligomerization is carried out in the presence of a cationically active catalyst of the composition [(CH ₃ ) ₃ C] + [A1C1 ₃ , ₅ ] ^- at a temperature of 60150 ° C, atmospheric pressure and a time of 30-120 min in a nitrogen atmosphere. The oligomerization product of decene-1, obtained with a conversion of 79 wt.%, In the presence of a catalyst synthesized at a ratio of TBH / A1 = 7.36, in the optimal mode, in particular, at a temperature of 95 ° C and an oligomerization time of 30 min, consists of, wt. %: dimers 23, trimers 33.6, tetramers 15.0, pentamers 21.7 and higher oligomers.

In order to remove chlorine, which contains up to 1 wt.% In the composition of the obtained oligomeric product, the first stage is the thermal dehydrochlorination of the oligomerizate in the presence of an aqueous solution of alkali at a temperature of 300-330 ° C. In the next stage, a fraction consisting of 14.5 wt. .% dimer and 85.5 wt.% trimer. To obtain a poly-alpha-olefin oil with a sufficiently high satisfactory thermal stability in the last stage, over a palladium catalyst [(Рй) А1 ₂ О ₃ , 0.2 wt.%], At a temperature of 200-250 ° С and hydrogen pressure 2 The MPa fraction, consisting of dimers and trimers of decene, undergoes hydrogenation.

As a result of hydrogenation, a synthetic polyalphaoliphine base oil RAOM4 is obtained, characterized by the following physicochemical properties: kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C 15.27 mm ² / s; at 100 ° C 3.61 mm ² / s, viscosity index 126, flash point 202 ° C. The structure of the resulting product as follows: CH _3/1000 CH ₂ = 400-430; {C = C} = 3.4-10 ^-6 mol / g.

The remaining part of the oligomer product in an amount of 30-45 wt.%, Consisting of oligomers containing C ₄₀ or more carbon atoms, is depolymerized at a temperature of 300-360 ° C to obtain a polyalphaolefin oil RAOM-6 with a yield of 25-35% characterized by the following temperature and viscosity properties: kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C 30.5 mm ² / s, at 100 5.9 mm ² / s, viscosity index 135, flash point 238 ° C, pour point -68 ° C.

The total yield of oil obtained by the specified method is 70 wt.% Calculated on the starting olefin.

The disadvantage of this method for the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin base oil is determined by the multi-stage process, since in the presence of a given catalyst system, the oligomerization product is chlorinated, which leads to the need for dehydrochlorination of the product. As a result, this method consists of the stages of oligomerization of an olefin, dehydrochlorination and hydrogenation of the obtained oligomeric product; in addition, the need to carry out the indicated stages at high temperatures (60-360 ° C) determines the low efficiency of the process as a whole.

A known method for the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin lubricating base oil by oligomerization of C8-C12 α-olefins, in particular decene-1 or dodecene-1, using an ion-liquid composition obtained on the basis of trimethylamine hydrochloride and aluminum chloride as a catalyst system, by the interaction of components in a molar a ratio of 1: 2 [2].

Oligomerization is carried out at a temperature of 20-50 ° C, a reaction time of 15-60 minutes, with a weight ratio of catalyst to monomer of 1-10 / 100. At the end of the reaction, the obtained oligomeric product is neutralized with a diluted aqueous KOH solution, separated by filtration from the aqueous layer and dried over Al ₂ O ₃ . After isolation of the unreacted monomer by distillation, the resulting product is hydrogenated. Depending on the oligomerization conditions, the obtained oligodecene synthetic oils are characterized by a molecular weight of 263-562.

The product of oligomerization of decene-1, obtained with a yield of 48 wt.% According to the specified method, in the presence of a catalyst of an ion-liquid composition obtained at a molar ratio of components A1 ₂ O ₃ : trimethylamine hydrochloride equal to 2: 1, in an amount of 1 wt.% In the calculation for olefin, at a temperature of 50 ° C and a time of 1 h, the following composition took place, wt.%: unreacted monomer 52.0, dimers 6.5, trimers 8.4, tetramers 13.6, pentamers 4.6 and hexamers 14, nine.

In the next stage, after drying over calcined A12O3, the oligomeric product is distilled to obtain an oligomer with a residual content of less than 1% of the starting monomer and having a bromine number of 800 mg / 100 g. Next, in the last stage, the obtained oligomeric product is hydrogenated in the presence of 0.2 wt. % of the catalyst Pb / A1 ₂ O ₃ at a temperature of 200-250 ° C and a hydrogen pressure of up to 2 MPa.

The base lubricating oil obtained after hydrogenation is characterized by the following indicators: average molecular weight 263, kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C 8.55 mm ² / s, viscosity index 137, pour point -57 ° C.

The main disadvantages of this method for the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic base oils are the multi-stage process of oligomerization, the need for fractionation and hydrogenation of the obtained oligomeric product, the low productivity of the used catalyst system, that is, the low yield of the oil fraction per olefin taken, high the content of unsaturated fragments in the obtained oligomer.

In the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic lubricating base oils by oligomerization of C ₈ -C ₁₀ α-olefins (octene-1 and decen-1), it is known to use, as a catalytic system, chloroaluminate ion-liquid (IL) catalysts of the composition | (C2H ₅ ) 2HH2 | ' | L1 ₂ C1- | ^- or | C5H5 ^ H | ¹ | A12C1- | ^- obtained by the interaction of aluminum chloride with diethylamine hydrochloride or pyridine hydrochloride, with a molar ratio of components equal to 2: 1, in an inert atmosphere at a temperature of 30-80 ° C [3].

The catalyst systems of this composition are closest to the chloraluminate ion-liquid composition catalyst systems proposed for oligomerizing α-olefins to produce poly-alpha-olefin synthetic base oils.

The synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic base oils in the presence of these chloroaluminate ion-liquid catalysts was carried out at a temperature of 50-95 ° C, with a catalyst amount of 2.5 wt.% Based on the starting olefin and oligomerization duration of 3 hours.

The yield of oligooctene in the presence of a chloroaluminate IL catalyst based on diethylamine hydrochloride was 78.4%, the productivity of the catalytic system was 166.5 g of oligomer / 1 g of A1 in the presence of a pyridine hydrochloride catalyst system, the yield of oligodecene was 64.6%, the productivity of the catalytic system was 104 g oligomer / 1 g A1.

Polyalphaolefin synthetic base oils synthesized with the participation of these catalytic systems were characterized by the following indicators: average molecular weight 496-890, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C 137.7-188.2 mm ² / s; at 100 ° C 19.26-21.8 mm ² / s, viscosity index 123-132, flash point 242-250 ° C, freezing point -32-38 ° C, acid number 0.140.26 mg KOH / g, iodine number = ₂ 2.0-2.5 mg / 100 ml.

Samples of synthesized poly-alpha-olefin oils, compared to the base oil obtained on the basis of low-paraffin Azerbaijani oils, are more resistant to oxidation, since the viscosity increase of the base oil M-8 (25%), determined according to GOST 11063-77 under the same conditions oxidation, 1.63 times higher than the increase in viscosity of the oligooctene oil fraction, which is 15.3%, while the formation of sediment is not observed, whereas in the case of base oil M-8, the amount of sediment is 53%.

The disadvantage of this method is the low productivity of the used catalyst system and the need to carry out the process at a relatively high temperature (50-95 ° C), which indicates the low efficiency of the catalyst in the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin oil fraction.

The objective of the invention is to create effective chloraluminate catalytic systems of ion-liquid composition, providing the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic base lubricants in high yield.

The problem is solved in that for the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic base lubricants, the ion-liquid composition catalyst consists of an amine salt and aluminum chloride, where the complex salt obtained by reacting the corresponding amines with trifluoroacetic acid and aluminum chloride is used as the amine salt the molar ratio of components is 1: 1: 1.5-2.5.

Unlike the prototype, the presence of trifluoroacetic acid fragments ί I in the composition of the chloroaluminate ion-liquid catalyst containing ions (P ^- ), which have strong electrical acceptor properties, increases the degree of ionization in the catalytic system as a whole, which, in turn, leads to an increase in its activity in the oligomerization of α-olefins With ₆ -C1 ₂ and the increase in selectivity for the directed synthesis of the oil fraction in high yield. As a result, it is possible to carry out oligomerization of α-olefins at a relatively low temperature and to obtain poly-alpha-olefin base oils in high yield (80-95%).

The synthesis of the proposed chloraluminate catalyst of an ion-liquid composition is carried out as follows: the corresponding amine component and trifluoroacetic acid are loaded in equal molar ratios to the reactor in an inert gas environment (argon and nitrogen) and the following complex salts are synthesized for 15-30 minutes (Ο ₂ Η ₅ ) ₂ ΝΗ + SR ₅ COOH — ► [(С ₂ Н ₅ ) ₂ МН ₂ ] ТСРзСООГ (С ₂ Н ₅ ) ₃ Ц + СР ₃ СОО—-! (С ₂ Н ₅ ) ₃ ЦН1 ⁺ [СР ₃ COO] '

С ₅ Н ₅ Ц + СР ₂ СОО - * · [С ₅ Н ₅ ЦН] ⁺ [СР ₃ СОО] ·

С ₆ Н ₅ Ц (СН ₃ ) ₂ + СРзСОО-НС, Н; \ No. СН3 ₂ ИСрзСООГ

By the interaction of these complex salts with A1C1 ₃ with a molar ratio of components of 1: 1.52.5, chloraluminate catalytic systems of ion-liquid composition are obtained. The reaction was carried out in an inert gas at a temperature of 30-40 ° C for 10-30 minutes, and synthesized ion-liquid complex catalytic systems of the following composition:

[(С ₂ Н ₅ ) _g МН ₂ ] ⁺ [А1 _g С1 ₆ СР ₃ СООГ ι κς, Η ^ ΝΗ] * [А1 ₂ с1 ₆ cg ₃ co n [σ ₅ Η ₅ ΝΗ] ⁺ [а1 ₂ с1 ₆ cf ₃ soo] ^_ w [Ο ₆ Η ₅ ΝΗ (ΟΗ ₃ ) ₂ ] ⁺ [A1 ₂ C1 ₆ CP ₃ COO] '[V

The synthesized chloraluminate ion-liquid catalyst systems are clear, colorless or slightly yellow liquids. The syntheses of the proposed chloroaluminate ion-liquid catalyst systems are illustrated in the following examples.

Example 1

After purging with an inert gas, 7.91 g (0.1 mol) of pyridine, 10.12 g (0.1 mol) of trifluoroacetic acid are charged into a glass reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes . To the resulting complex salt was added 20.0 g (0.15 mol) A1Cl ₃ and the reaction continued for 15 minutes. At the stages of synthesis of the complex salt, as well as the catalyst of the ion-liquid composition, the temperature in the system is controlled by the gradual introduction of trifluoroacetic acid and aluminum chloride and the supply of cold water to the reactor chemise. It turns out 38.0 g of a colorless, transparent chloroaluminate ion-liquid catalyst.

Example 2

After purging with an inert gas, 7.3 g (0.1 mol) of diethylamine, 10.12 g (0.1 mol) of trifluoroacetic acid are charged into a glass reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser and stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes . To the resulting complex salt was added 20.0 g (0.2 mol) of A1C13 and the reaction continued for 20 minutes. At the stages of synthesis of the complex salt, as well as the catalyst of the ion-liquid composition, the temperature in the system is controlled by the gradual introduction of trifluoroacetic acid and aluminum chloride and the supply of cold water to the reactor chemise. It turns out 37.4 g of a colorless, with a slightly yellowish tint of chloraluminate ion-liquid catalyst.

Example 3

After purging with an inert gas, 12.1 g (0.1 mol) of dimethylphenylamine, 10.1 g (0.1 mol) of trifluoroacetic acid are charged into a glass reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser and stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes . To the resulting complex salt was added 22.7 g (0.175 mol) of AlCl ₃ and the reaction continued for 20 minutes. At the stages of synthesis of the complex salt, as well as the catalyst of the ion-liquid composition, the temperature in the system is controlled by the gradual introduction of trifluoroacetic acid and aluminum chloride and the supply of cold water to the reactor chemise. It turns out 44.9 g of a yellowish, clear chloroaluminate ion-liquid catalyst.

Example 4

After purging with an inert gas, 10.12 g (0.1 mol) of triethylamine, 10.12 g (0.1 mol) of trifluoroacetic acid are charged into a glass reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser and stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes . To the resulting complex salt was added 33.4 g (0.25 mol) of AlCl ₃ and the reaction continued for 20 minutes. At the stages of synthesis of the complex salt, as well as the catalyst of the ion-liquid composition, the temperature in the system is controlled by the gradual introduction of trifluoroacetic acid and aluminum chloride and the supply of cold water to the reactor chemise. It turns out 53.6 g of a colorless, transparent chloroaluminate ion-liquid catalyst.

The process of oligomerization of α-olefins With ₆ -C1 ₂ in the presence of synthesized chloraluminate catalyst systems of ion-liquid composition is as follows.

The α-olefin, calculated on the basis of the catalyst, is gradually added to the reactor to the ion-liquid chloraluminate catalyst obtained by the above method in an inert medium from a dropping funnel. During this cooling of the system, the temperature in the reactor is kept constant. Oligomerization is carried out in an inert medium with a catalyst amount of 0.5-2% A1C1 ₃ calculated as olefin, at a temperature of 30-50 ° C, while stirring the reaction mixture with an electromagnetic stirrer for 1.5-3 hours.

At the end of the reaction, the oligomeric product is neutralized with a 5-10% aqueous solution of Να с in order to free it from the taken catalyst, and then it is washed with distilled water until neutral. In the next step, the oligomeric product is dried over calcined Al ₂ O ₃ for 3-5 hours and then fractionated. Under the conditions noted, the yield of the poly-alpha-olefin oil fraction is 80-95 wt.% Based on the olefin taken, the productivity of the catalyst is 230-420 g oligomer / 1 g A1. The average molecular weight of the poly-alpha olefin oil fraction is 700-1300.

- 3 021611

A study of the structure of poly-alpha-olefin oil fractions obtained by oligomerization of C ₆ -C ₁₂ α-olefins in the presence of the proposed catalyst systems, IR and NMR spectral analysis, indicates the process with the formation of linear oligomers with a saturated hydrocarbon chain containing fragments of naphthenic hydrocarbons . The amount of these fragments is determined by the composition of the complex salt used as the amine component and the catalytic system as a whole, and varies between 96.3-97.3% and 2.4-3.0 wt.%, Respectively.

As can be seen, in contrast to the method described in the prototype, in the case of oligomerization of α-olefins in the presence of the proposed chloraluminate ion-liquid catalytic systems of a new composition, the yield of the target product is poly-alpha-olefin synthetic base oils and the performance of the used catalyst system is quite high.

Another advantage of the proposed catalytic systems is that the poly-alpha olefin oil fractions synthesized in the presence of these catalysts are characterized by a relatively low content of unsaturated fragments (0.3-1.0 wt.%). This, in turn, makes it possible to use them as a base oil without a hydrogenation step, which determines the overall efficiency of the process.

In addition, another advantage of the proposed catalytic systems is determined by the stability of the poly-alpha-olefin oil fractions obtained in their presence against oxidation, which is due to the low content of unsaturated bond fragments in the obtained poly-alpha olefin oil fractions.

Thus, the proposed method for the oligomerization of α-olefins in the presence of chloraluminate ion-liquid catalytic systems based on a complex salt synthesized by the interaction of the corresponding amines and trifluoroacetic acid, along with a high yield of poly-alpha-olefin oil fractions and high productivity of the catalyst used, provides synthesis of oil fractions resistant to oxidative degradation and characterized by sufficiently high temperature-viscosity characteristics ami.

An application for an invention is reflected in the following example.

To prepare a chloroaluminate catalyst of an ion-liquid composition, 1 g of triethylamine is charged into a 0.5-liter reactor equipped with a magnetic stirrer, a dropping funnel and previously dried and purged with an inert gas, and 1.2 g of trifluoroacetic acid are added, stirred for 15 minutes. Then, 2.8 g of aluminum chloride is added to the resulting salt complex, and it is stirred for 30 minutes at a temperature of 30 ° C. The molar ratio of amine: trifluoroacetic acid to aluminum chloride is 1: 1: 2.0.

Upon completion of the synthesis of the ion-liquid composition catalyst system, 350 ml (260 g) of decen-1 are gradually added to the reactor through a dropping funnel in an inert medium. By cooling the reactor in a water bath, the temperature in the reaction medium is kept within 50 ° C and the supply of decene-1 to the system is completed within 0.5 h.

Oligomerization is carried out at 50 ° C for a duration of 2.5 hours with constant stirring of the reaction mass with a magnetic stirrer. Upon completion of the process, to isolate the obtained oligomeric product from the catalyst, the reaction mixture is neutralized with a 10% aqueous alkali solution (ΝαΟΗ) until neutral, washed with distilled water, and after drying over calcined A1 ₂ O _{3 is} fractionated.

After isolation by distillation of the unreacted part of decene-1, the obtained oligomer is fractionated and 234 g of oligodecene oil fraction is obtained with the yield of 95% by weight per olefin.

The performance of the catalyst is 410 g oligomer / 1 g A1. The molecular weight of the oligomer obtained is 1080, the Iodine Number - 2.3 mg e _2/100 ml.

The obtained oligodecene oil fraction is characterized by the following temperature-viscosity characteristics: specific gravity at 20 ° C 0.841 g / cm ³ , kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C 220.3 mm ³ / s, at 100 ° C 29.4 mm ² / s, viscosity index 141 , flash point 254 ° С, freezing point -38 ° С.

In addition, the obtained poly-alpha olefin oil fractions are stable against oxidation. When oxidizing according to a known method (GOST 11063-77) at a temperature of 200 ° C and a time of 10 hours, no precipitation is observed, an increase in viscosity is 0.067-8.8%, evaporation at 250 ° C for 1 h 4.46-8, nine%.

The influence of various factors, in particular, the structure of the synthesized catalysts of ion-liquid composition, the ratios of the components, the temperature and the duration of the process on the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic oil fractions, the oligomerization of α-olefins C ₆ -C _{1 2} in the presence of the proposed chloroaluminate ion-liquid catalysts, is illustrated in examples given in the table. As can be seen, during the process of oligomerization of α-olefins in the presence of a chloraluminate catalyst of an ion-liquid composition based on a complex salt synthesized similarly to the first example, aluminum chloride is also used at a molar ratio of 1: 1: 1.5-2.5 of the components respectively, a temperature of 30-50 ° C and a reaction time of 1.5-3 hours with a high yield (80-95%) produce poly-alpha olefin oil fractions, characterized by high quality indicators and corresponding to well-known requirements.

In the case of using a catalyst synthesized on the basis of amine, trifluoroacetic acid and aluminum chloride for oligomerization of oligomerization at a ratio of components that differ from the ratios provided for in the claims, high productivity, in particular the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic oil fractions with high yield is not ensured, since a change in the ratios of components in the composition of the catalytic system leads to a decrease in the yield of poly-alpha-olefin oil fractions, to a deterioration in their viscosity-viscosity properties and reduced catalyst performance.

Thus, as a result achieved in the invention, the following can be indicated:

a) the implementation of the oligomerization of α-olefins With ₆ -C ₁₂ in the presence of the recommended chloraluminate catalysts of ion-liquid composition based on amine, trifluoroacetic acid and aluminum chloride:

diethylamine + trifluoroacetic acid + aluminum chloride; triethylamine + trifluoroacetic acid + aluminum chloride; pyridine + trifluoroacetic acid + aluminum chloride; diethylphenylamine + trifluoroacetic acid + aluminum chloride, provides the process in the direction of synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin oil fractions;

b) oligomerization of α-olefins in the presence of the recommended chloraluminate catalysts of ion-liquid composition allows the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin oil fractions at low temperatures (30-50 ° C);

c) oligomerization of α-olefins of 0, -0% in the presence of recommended chloraluminate catalysts of ion-liquid composition provides targeted synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin oil fractions in high yield (80-92.3%);

d) oligomerization of α-olefins 0, -0% in the presence of recommended chloraluminate catalysts of ion-liquid composition provides the synthesis of poly-alpha-olefin oil fractions containing fragments of naphthenic hydrocarbons

No. Chloralum natny catalyst ionic liquid composition Olefin Amine: acid: AGS molar the corresponding wearer niya and ί Exit oligomers, May. % Production bodyness catalyst, g oligomer Viscosity characteristics of the oil fraction Kinematic viscosity. At ° C IW Tempe ratrata flash, ° С Tempe ratrata stagnation vania ° C Iodine number, mgD ’/ SO of ml gr A1 40 one hundred one. | (C ₂ H,) ₃ OH] · 1A1 ₂ C1 ₆ SG ₃ SOOG Decen - 1 1: 1: 2 fifty 2,5 90.0 418.0 195.28 13.97 131 219 -32 1.0 2. [(С _г н,), ннГ [А1 ₂ С1 ₆ СГ ₃ СООГ Octen - 1 Deien -1 1: 1: 2 1: 1: 2 40 40 88.2 87.5 342.0 410.0 166.7 181.6 28.17 20.3 141 125 212 215 -thirty -29 2.1 2.6 3. ΙΟ, Η, ΝΗΓ [A1, C1 * SR, C00) Dayen - 1 1: 1: 2 fifty 88.3 348.6 142.0 22.1 115 225 -32 2,4 4. 1 <s _r n,), mnH (A1 ₂ C1 <, SR5COOG Hexen - 1 Deien - 1 1: 1: 1.7 1: 1: 2 fifty thirty 1,5 80.9 80.0 266.4 285.0 201.6 137.7 16.8 19.26 135 132 235 242 -28 -38 2.0 1.8 5. R (C ₂ H) _{2 g of} g mn (C1 A1 _{2 0 3} COO CP) ' Dayen - 1 1: 1: 2 thirty 80.5 290.0 251.0 29.5 127 220 -36 2,4 6. [С ₆ Н ₅ МН (СН ₃ ) ₂ ] '[А1 ₂ С1 ₆ СР ₂ СООГ Octen - 1 1: 1: 2 40 3 78,2 335.4 221.3 25,4 132 209 -twenty 1.7 7, [(σ _} Η,) ₃ ΝΗΓ 1А1 ₂ С1 ₆ СР ₃ СООГ Dayen - 1 1: 1: 2 fifty 3 95 420.0 220.3 29.4 141 254 -38 0.9 8. | €, η ₅ νηΓ (A1 ₂ С1 ₆ СР ₃ СООГ Dodecen - 1 1: 1: 1,5 fifty 2 78 360,0 153.4 28,2 140 225 -23 2.1 nine. [<s ₂ n ₃ ) ₃ mng 1А1 ₂ С1,, СР ₃ СООР Dayen -1 1: 1: 2 twenty 3 70.5 220.0 130.7 25.6 130 215 -28 2,5 10. 1 (С ₂ Н ₅ | ₃ МН [- [А1 ₂ С1 ₆ СР ₃ СОО] - Dayen - 1 1: 1: 2.5 fifty 3 90.3 410.0 145.0 20.3 118 220 -22 2,5 eleven. ("? ₂ η ₅ ) ₃ νηΓ ГА1 ₂ С1 ₆ СР, СООГ Octen -1 1: 1: 2 60 3 94.0 415.0 120.0 22.4 118 221 -twenty 2,4 Examples from the prototype: 12. (σ ₅ Η _} ΝΗ) * ΙΑίρ, Γ Decen -1 1: 2 95 3 64,4 104.0 137.7 19.26 132 242 -38 2.0 thirteen, [(C ₂ H ₃ ) ₃ JN) '[A1 ₂ C1, G Octen - 1 1: 2 fifty 3 78,4 166.5 182.2 21.8 123 250 -32 2,5

e) oligomerization of α-olefins ST-SU in the presence of the recommended chloraluminate catalysts of ion-liquid composition provides poly-alpha olefin oil fractions with a low content of unsaturated fragments, which allows their use as a base oil without a hydrogenation stage;

f) the oligomerization of α-olefins 0-0% in the presence of the recommended chloraluminate catalysts of ion-liquid composition provides the synthesis of poly-alpha olefin oils that are stable against oxidation.

Claims (1)

CLAIM Catalyst of ionic-liquid composition for obtaining poly-alpha-olefin synthetic base lubricating oils, including amine salt and aluminum chloride, characterized in that it is obtained on the basis of complex amine salt, synthesized by interaction of diethyl- or triethylamine, or diphenylmethylamine, or pyridine with trifluoroacetic acid acid and aluminum chloride in a molar ratio of 1: 1: 1.5 to 2.5.